CN103185557B - A kind of tree three-dimensional green measuring method and system - Google Patents
A kind of tree three-dimensional green measuring method and system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of tree three-dimensional green measuring method, comprising: green amount counter obtains the sampling point information without prism total powerstation Real-time Collection; Extract the sampled point combination layer that the number of plies is identical, generate segmental arc polygon according to the sample point coordinate in layer; Calculate in adjacent layer, the Tree Crown Volume that the polygonal projection of segmental arc of upper layer and the polygonal overlay region of segmental arc of lower layer are formed; Calculate in adjacent layer, the Tree Crown Volume that the polygonal projection of segmental arc of upper layer and the polygonal non-overlapped district of segmental arc of lower layer are formed; Calculate tree crown cumulative volume, the Tree Crown Volume that described tree crown cumulative volume is formed for overlay region and the Tree Crown Volume sum that non-overlapped district is formed.The invention also discloses a kind of tree three-dimensional green system for measuring quantity.Adopt the present invention, the sampled point layered shaping that can will gather without prism total powerstation, in conjunction with segmental arc polygon, the Tree Crown Volume that formed of the calculating Tree Crown Volume that formed of overlay region and non-overlapped district respectively, degree of accuracy is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to forest resource monitoring field, particularly relate to a kind of tree three-dimensional green measuring method and system.
Background technology
Three-dimensional green amount, also known as dimension VegetationQuantity (LivingVegetationVolume, LVV), refers to the spatial volume occupied by cauline leaf of all growing plants.Three-dimensional green amount is by the calculating to cauline leaf volume, disclose the correlativity of green plant three-D volumes (or leaf area index) and plant ecological functional level, and then ecological functions and the environmental benefit of plant itself, plant community and even urban forests are described.Three-dimensional green amount breaches the limitation of original two-dimentional Greening Indicators as Greening Indicators, the rationality that urban forests space is formed can be reflected more exactly, the i.e. difference of clear and definite urban afforestation in space structure, and three-dimensional green figureofmerit also can embody the ecological benefits level in whole city, thus can be used for describing the space structure of urban forests and the correlationship of quantitative examination urban forests and environment more comprehensively, exactly and analyzing the environmental benefit and urban afforestation total demand of afforesting, and the aspect such as the greening structure optimal design of functional areas, different cities.Therefore, the three-dimensional green amount measuring urban forests is efficiently and accurately evaluated urban forests ecological environment benefit, the development of the structure of urban forests and urban forests subject is significant.
In recent years, a large amount of work had been done around urban forests three-dimensional green quantity research in many cities of China, and the calculating of traditional standing tree three-dimensional green amount mainly comprises:
Adopt " the arbor three-dimensional green quantity measuring method of three-dimensional laser scanner ", namely the cloud data utilizing three-dimensional laser scanning system to obtain carries out asking calculation, form complete individual plant arbor tree crown cloud data, then vertically 1 circular cone and n round platform is divided into by bottom treetop to tree crown by height h, according to the equidistant area calculating irregular, thus obtain the volume summation of 1 circular cone and n round platform, then calculate the three-dimensional green amount of individual plant arbor.But three-dimensional laser scanner cost is high, and trees are the transparent objects of non-close, laser can penetrate trees cannot return signal or return mistake signal.In addition, in order to ensure precision, need from cloud data, the artificial point extracting tree crown surface carrys out structure TIN, wherein, the cloud data several ten thousand of 1 tree to up to a million not etc., in actual measurement, this method is unrealistic beyond doubt.Moreover the growth of trees is subject to the impact of various natural conditions and environmental factor, and shape of tree-crown difference is huge, adopt and tree crown is considered as the simple solid such as right cylinder or cone and carrys out the irregular Tree Crown Volume of matching, error is serious.
Adopt the total amount of leaf area, measure leaf area and the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground, crown height or the correlationship being preced with width on the spot by a large amount of, set up the regression model of the green amount of different plants individuality; Finally according to composition structure, the plant size of urban green space plant, application regression model calculates urban green space three-dimensional green amount.If Chen Zixin etc. is by setting up the series of studies that city main green tree species leaf area regression equation carries out greenery patches, Beijing city three-dimensional green amount.The method is in measuring process, and mainly traditional tree survey method, adopt the methods such as tape measure, visual estimation, altimeter to measure the trees basic data such as the height of tree, hat width, precision is lower.
Adopt the method for " with plane amount simulating stereo amount ", calculated the method for green amount by point seeds on infrared color picture by strain, to different tree species, set up the dependent equation of hat width and crown height by regretional analysis, obtain crown height according to hat width, thus try to achieve the Tree Crown Volume of trees.
" stereophotogrammetry " method of employing, namely by the horizontal parallax determination vegetation height of adjacent two boat sheets, boat sheet is measured the area of this vegetation, and judges the type of vegetation, calculate experimental formula calculate three-dimensional green amount according to certain green gauge.But photogrammetric, need 2 cameras to take pictures to trees, the focal length of camera is limited simultaneously, if trees are comparatively large, be difficult to the overall picture measuring trees, and cost is higher.
Generally speaking, all there is the problems such as workload is large, precision is low in existing method.Therefore, in order to overcome a lot of troubles that existing method is inevitably brought in forest standing tree three-dimensional green quantity measuring process, and increasing work efficiency, how to introduce new practical green measurement amount techniques and methods, to improve the efficiency of tree measurement, it is the key issue of three-dimensional green quantity measuring.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention is, a kind of tree three-dimensional green measuring method and system are provided, can utilize without prism total powerstation high precision, the sampling point information gathering target trees expeditiously, and calculate three-dimensional green amount by green amount counter, by sampled point layered shaping, in conjunction with segmental arc polygon, calculate the Tree Crown Volume that the Tree Crown Volume that formed of overlay region and non-overlapped district are formed respectively, and being accumulated as tree crown cumulative volume, degree of accuracy is high.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of tree three-dimensional green measuring method, comprise: green amount counter obtains the sampling point information without prism total powerstation Real-time Collection, described sampling point information comprises sample point coordinate and the number of plies, and described sample point coordinate comprises X-axis coordinate, Y-axis coordinate, Z axis coordinate; Extract the sampled point combination layer that the number of plies is identical, generate segmental arc polygon according to the sample point coordinate in layer; Calculate in adjacent layer, the Tree Crown Volume that the polygonal projection of segmental arc of upper layer and the polygonal overlay region of segmental arc of lower layer are formed; Calculate in adjacent layer, the Tree Crown Volume that the polygonal projection of segmental arc of upper layer and the polygonal non-overlapped district of segmental arc of lower layer are formed; Calculate tree crown cumulative volume, the Tree Crown Volume that described tree crown cumulative volume is formed for overlay region and the Tree Crown Volume sum that non-overlapped district is formed.
As the improvement of such scheme, the described sample point coordinate according in layer generates the polygonal step of segmental arc and comprises: according to the X-axis coordinate in described sample point coordinate and Y-axis coordinate, sampled point is plotted in same layer, links sampled point, be combined into line segment polygon; Obtain the sample parameters N preset, calculate the action D of segmental arc corresponding between chord length L between described adjacent sampled point and described adjacent sampled point, described action D=N × L; Calculate by the angle of adjacent three interior angles that sampled point is connected in turn, described three sampled points are followed successively by starting point, mid point, terminal; Judge whether the angle of described interior angle is greater than 180 °, when being judged as YES, then the segmental arc that described mid point is corresponding with between terminal is concave arc, and when being judged as NO, then the segmental arc that described mid point is corresponding with between terminal is convex arc; Generate the segmental arc between described adjacent sampled point according to the concavity and convexity of described action D, chord length L and segmental arc, link sampled point, be combined into segmental arc polygon.
As the improvement of such scheme, in the adjacent layer of described calculating, the step of the Tree Crown Volume that the polygonal projection of segmental arc of upper layer and the polygonal overlay region of segmental arc of lower layer are formed comprises: calculate in adjacent layer, the area S of the polygonal projection of segmental arc of upper layer and the polygonal overlay region of segmental arc of lower layer; Calculate the distance H between adjacent layer; Calculate the Tree Crown Volume V that overlay region is formed
c, described V
c=S × H.
As the improvement of such scheme, in the adjacent layer of described calculating, the step of the Tree Crown Volume that the polygonal projection of segmental arc of upper layer and the polygonal non-overlapped district of segmental arc of lower layer are formed comprises: the polygonal intersection point of segmental arc of the polygonal projection of the segmental arc of layer and lower layer in calculating; According to described intersection point, the polygonal non-overlapped zoning of segmental arc of polygonal for the segmental arc of upper layer projection and lower layer is divided into sub-range, and described sub-range is made up of outer arc segments and interior segmental arc; The corresponding segmental arc of layer corresponding to described outer arc segments and interior segmental arc arranges interpolated point, wherein, the interpolated point that the corresponding segmental arc of layer corresponding to described outer arc segments is arranged is outer arc interpolated point, the interpolated point that the corresponding segmental arc of the layer corresponding to described interior segmental arc is arranged is inner arc interpolated point, described outer arc interpolated point and described inner arc interpolated point one_to_one corresponding; Link described outer arc interpolated point and inner arc interpolated point, generate tree crown outside surface; The Tree Crown Volume that the non-overlapped district that the outside surface calculating the tree crown formed by described tree crown outside surface and overlay region combines is formed.
As the improvement of such scheme, the described sample point coordinate according in layer also comprises before generating the polygonal step of segmental arc: judge that whether described sampled point is abnormal, when being judged as YES, carry out abnormality processing to described sampled point; Described abnormality processing comprise suppressing exception sampled point, generate cue with reminding user Resurvey sampled point.
Correspondingly, present invention also offers a kind of tree three-dimensional green system for measuring quantity, comprising: without prism total powerstation, for the sampling point information of Real-time Collection target trees, described sampling point information comprises sample point coordinate and the number of plies, and described sample point coordinate comprises X-axis coordinate, Y-axis coordinate, Z axis coordinate; Green amount counter, for calculating tree three-dimensional green amount according to the described sampling point information without prism total powerstation Real-time Collection.
As the improvement of such scheme, described green amount counter comprises: acquiring unit, for obtaining the sampling point information without prism total powerstation Real-time Collection, described sampling point information comprises sample point coordinate and the number of plies, and described sample point coordinate comprises X-axis coordinate, Y-axis coordinate, Z axis coordinate; The polygon construction unit be connected with described acquiring unit, for extracting the identical sampled point combination layer of the number of plies, generates segmental arc polygon according to the sample point coordinate in layer; The first computing unit be connected with described polygon construction unit, for calculating in adjacent layer, the Tree Crown Volume that the polygonal projection of segmental arc of upper layer and the polygonal overlay region of segmental arc of lower layer are formed; The second computing unit be connected with described polygon construction unit, for calculating in adjacent layer, the Tree Crown Volume that the polygonal projection of segmental arc of upper layer and the polygonal non-overlapped district of segmental arc of lower layer are formed; The 3rd computing unit be connected respectively with described first computing unit and the second computing unit, calculates tree crown cumulative volume for the result of calculation according to described first computing unit and the second computing unit.
As the improvement of such scheme, described first computing unit comprises: areal calculation subelement, for calculating in adjacent layer, and the area S of the polygonal projection of segmental arc of upper layer and the polygonal overlay region of segmental arc of lower layer; Distance computation subelement, for calculating the distance H between adjacent layer; Overlay region volume computing subelement, calculates the Tree Crown Volume V that overlay region is formed
c, described V
c=S × H.
As the improvement of such scheme, described second computing unit comprises: intersection point calculation subelement, the polygonal intersection point of segmental arc of the polygonal projection of the segmental arc for calculating upper layer and lower layer; Interval division subelement, for according to described intersection point, the polygonal non-overlapped zoning of segmental arc of polygonal for the segmental arc of upper layer projection and lower layer is divided into sub-range, and described sub-range is made up of outer arc segments and interior segmental arc; Interpolated point arranges subelement, in the corresponding segmental arc in layer corresponding to described outer arc segments and interior segmental arc, interpolated point is set, wherein, the interpolated point that the corresponding segmental arc of layer corresponding to described outer arc segments is arranged is outer arc interpolated point, the interpolated point that the corresponding segmental arc of the layer corresponding to described interior segmental arc is arranged is inner arc interpolated point, described outer arc interpolated point and described inner arc interpolated point one_to_one corresponding; Tree crown outside surface generates subelement, for linking described outer arc interpolated point and inner arc interpolated point, generates tree crown outside surface; Non-overlapped district volume computing subelement, the Tree Crown Volume that the non-overlapped district that the outside surface for calculating the tree crown formed by described tree crown outside surface and overlay region combines is formed.
Implement the embodiment of the present invention, there is following beneficial effect:
Under condition with a varied topography, can utilizing without prism total powerstation high precision, the sampling point information gathering target trees expeditiously, meanwhile, sampled point can being selected according to actual conditions, without the need to processing cloud data up to a million.Wherein, there is the advantages such as measuring accuracy is high, measuring speed fast, far measuring distance, the area that the personnel of being particularly suitable for cannot arrive without prism total powerstation, little by the influence of topography, achieve " institute takes aim at and namely surveyed ", efficiency is high, applied widely, security is good, simple to operate.In addition, the automatic calculating of green amount counter, eliminates hand computation and publishes picture, decrease workload, improve work efficiency.
When calculating three-dimensional green amount, green amount counter obtains the sampling point information without prism total powerstation Real-time Collection, according to the number of plies, sampled point is divided into independently layer, and builds segmental arc polygon.In units of two adjacent upper and lower layer, the Tree Crown Volume that the Tree Crown Volume that on calculating respectively, the polygonal projection of segmental arc of layer and the polygonal overlay region of segmental arc of lower layer are formed, the polygonal projection of segmental arc of upper layer and the polygonal non-overlapped district of segmental arc of lower layer are formed, Tree Crown Volume between each layer is added up, be tree crown cumulative volume, this calculates the volume of irregular tree crown than the solid being modeled to the rule such as Rotary-table or cone with tree crown, and gained volume accuracy is higher.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the first embodiment process flow diagram schematic diagram of a kind of tree three-dimensional green measuring method of the present invention;
Fig. 2 generates the polygonal process flow diagram schematic diagram of segmental arc according to the sample point coordinate in layer in Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 calculates in adjacent layer in Fig. 1, the process flow diagram schematic diagram of the Tree Crown Volume that the polygonal projection of segmental arc of upper layer and the polygonal overlay region of segmental arc of lower layer are formed;
Fig. 4 calculates in adjacent layer in Fig. 1, the process flow diagram schematic diagram of the Tree Crown Volume that the polygonal projection of segmental arc of upper layer and the polygonal non-overlapped district of segmental arc of lower layer are formed;
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of the present invention with a kind of tree three-dimensional green system for measuring quantity;
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of the present invention with a kind of tree three-dimensional green system for measuring quantity medium green amount counter;
Fig. 7 is the structural representation of the first computing unit in Fig. 6;
Fig. 8 is the structural representation of the second computing unit in Fig. 6;
Fig. 9 is line segment polygon;
Figure 10 is the segmental arc polygon corresponding to Fig. 9 middle conductor polygon;
Figure 11 is the polygonal crossing schematic diagram of two segmental arcs in two adjacent layer;
Figure 12 is the polygonal crossing schematic diagram of three segmental arcs in three adjacent layer.
Embodiment
For making the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearly, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail.
Fig. 1 is the first embodiment process flow diagram schematic diagram of a kind of tree three-dimensional green measuring method of the present invention, comprising:
S100, green amount counter obtains the sampling point information without prism total powerstation Real-time Collection.
Described sampling point information comprises sample point coordinate and the number of plies, and described sample point coordinate comprises X-axis coordinate, Y-axis coordinate, Z axis coordinate.
It should be noted that, in the topographic condition of forest zone complexity, when horizontal range cannot be measured in survey Nei You abrupt slope, district or gully, first stretching, extension situation and the intervisibility degree of tree crown is observed, tentatively choose the maximum extension place of tree crown in all directions as the sampled point that will measure, then determine final sampled point according to the profile of tree crown and the choosing of sags and crests distribution situation.In addition, due to factor impacts such as landform, intervisibility situations, often need to lay multiple reference mark, and when wind speed near the ground is less than 0.5m/s, when realizing laser alignment institute assize kind, from different perspectives tree crown is measured.The trees that partial blade is thick and heavy, can measure when wind speed is less than 1m/s.
During measurement, target trees are carried out layered shaping by survey crew, generally according to shape and the highl stratification of trees, roughly can divide 4-10 layer, and the maximal value of sampled point elevation selected in same layer and the difference of minimum value can not more than 20cm.Every layer, according to the size of hat width, about surveying 7-15 sampled point, and is recorded the coordinate of every one deck point clockwise or counterclockwise.
S101, extracts the sampled point combination layer that the number of plies is identical.
According to the sampling point information gathered without prism total powerstation, described sampling point information comprises sample point coordinate and the number of plies, therefore, according to the number of plies, sampled point can be divided into multiple layer, wherein, at least there are 7 sampled points in each layer.
More preferably, after green amount counter carries out layer division to sampled point, also need to carry out abnormality detection to judge that whether described sampled point is abnormal to sampled point, when being judged as YES, abnormality processing is carried out to described sampled point.
Described abnormality processing comprise suppressing exception sampled point, generate cue with reminding user Resurvey sampled point.
It should be noted that, when judging that the sampling number of same layer is less than 7, the difference of the maximal value of sampled point elevation selected in same layer and minimum value more than 20cm, generate cue with reminding user Resurvey sampled point; When judging that sampled point is flying spot (laser is not got on leaf), delete described sampled point, or generate cue with reminding user Resurvey sampled point.
In addition, if general shape of tree-crown is obvious taper, then peak is independently set to one deck, now, top only have a unique sampled point.
S102, generates segmental arc polygon according to the sample point coordinate in layer.
Green amount counter processes the sampled point in layer, has the segmental arc polygon of concave arc, convex arc, closer to the shape of crown mapping, substantially increase the precision of measurement according to the X-axis coordinate in sample point coordinate, Y-axis Coordinate generation.
S103, calculates in adjacent layer, the Tree Crown Volume that the polygonal projection of segmental arc of upper layer and the polygonal overlay region of segmental arc of lower layer are formed.
S104, calculates in adjacent layer, the Tree Crown Volume that the polygonal projection of segmental arc of upper layer and the polygonal non-overlapped district of segmental arc of lower layer are formed.
It should be noted that, when carrying out the calculation of three-dimensional green gauge, in units of adjacent upper and lower two layer, calculate the Tree Crown Volume formed between two layer.Wherein, when the segmental arc polygon of upper layer is projected to lower layer, the polygonal projection of segmental arc of upper layer and the segmental arc polygon of lower layer can form overlay region and non-overlapped district.
Therefore, the Tree Crown Volume that the segmental arc polygon of upper layer and the segmental arc polygon of lower layer are formed comprises Tree Crown Volume that overlay region formed and the Tree Crown Volume that non-overlapped district is formed.
S105, calculates tree crown cumulative volume, the Tree Crown Volume that described tree crown cumulative volume is formed for overlay region and the Tree Crown Volume sum that non-overlapped district is formed.
When calculating tree crown cumulative volume, the Tree Crown Volume that the Tree Crown Volume that overlay region between each layer need be formed and non-overlapped district are formed adds up.
Fig. 2 generates the polygonal process flow diagram schematic diagram of segmental arc according to the sample point coordinate in layer in Fig. 1, comprising:
S200, according to the X-axis coordinate in described sample point coordinate and Y-axis coordinate, is plotted in sampled point in same layer, links sampled point, is combined into line segment polygon.
After determining sampled point, utilize three-dimensional coordinate that is clockwise without prism total powerstation or the every one deck sampled point of measured counterclockwise.Green amount counter is according to the sampled point in layer, extract the X-axis coordinate in sample point coordinate and Y-axis coordinate successively, according to X-axis coordinate and Y-axis coordinate, described sampled point is plotted in same layer, and adjacent sampled point is connected between two by line segment form according to measuring sequence, form line segment polygon.
Such as, survey crew is according to tree crown overall growth situation, target trees are divided into independently layer, wherein, 7 sampled points are had in layer A, be respectively g030111, g030112, g030113, g030114, g030115, g030116, g030117, utilize the three-dimensional coordinate without prism total powerstation measured clockwise sampled point, the three-dimensional coordinate data of sampled point is as table 1(unit cm) shown in.
Table 1
| Title | X-axis coordinate | Y-axis coordinate | Z axis coordinate |
| g030111 | 49083.932 | 19649.779 | 10.59 |
| g030112 | 49081.282 | 19648.144 | 10.532 |
| g030113 | 49078.449 | 19649.429 | 10.513 |
| g030114 | 49079.183 | 19645.928 | 10.537 |
| g030115 | 49082.082 | 19645.26 | 10.427 |
| g030116 | 49083.306 | 19646.534 | 10.46 |
| g030117 | 49085.179 | 19647.824 | 10.48 |
Green amount counter obtains the sample point coordinate without prism total powerstation Real-time Collection, and the X-axis coordinate extracted successively according to the measuring sequence without prism total powerstation in the coordinate of sampled point g030111, g030112, g030113, g030114, g030115, g030116, g030117 and Y-axis coordinate, according to X-axis coordinate and Y-axis coordinate, described sampled point is plotted in same layer.
As shown in Figure 9, green amount counter connects sampled point g030111 and g030112 successively with line segment form, g030112 and g030113, g030113 and g030114, g030114 and g030115, g030115 and g030116, g030116 and g030117, g030117 and g030111, form line segment polygon.
S201, obtains the sample parameters N preset, and calculates the action D of segmental arc corresponding between chord length L between described adjacent sampled point and described adjacent sampled point.
It should be noted that, sample parameters N is the action of neighboring samples point and the mean value of the ratio of chord length.On subsolar point, staff carries out field survey, selected sampled trees, and marks the crown mapping of sampled trees on the ground, choose the sample spot that on crown mapping two are adjacent respectively, sketch out the segmental arc between two adjacent sample spot along crown mapping.Go out the length (i.e. action) of the perpendicular bisector of line between the distance (i.e. chord length) of two sample spot and two sample spot with tape measuring, now, the length of the perpendicular bisector of line between two sample spot and the ratio of distances constant of two sample spot are called fixing ratio.Through the repeated measurement of thousands of times, choose different types of sampled trees and different sample spot respectively, can be calculated thousands of fixing ratios.Now, namely the mean value calculating each fixing ratio be called sample parameters N.Preferably, the value of described sample parameters N is 1/4.15.
According to X-axis coordinate and the Y-axis coordinate of sampled point, calculate the chord length L between sampled point adjacent in line segment polygon according to measuring sequence.Meanwhile, calculate the action D of segmental arc corresponding between described adjacent sampled point, described action D=N × L, the action D of segmental arc corresponding between namely adjacent sampled point is the product of the chord length L between sample parameters N and adjacent sampled point.
S202, calculates by the angle of adjacent three interior angles that sampled point is connected in turn.
Described three sampled points are followed successively by starting point, mid point, terminal.
According to measuring sequence, calculate the angle of the interior angle that three adjacent sampled points are connected in turn in line segment polygon.
As shown in Figure 10, for g030112, g030113, g030114, some g030112, g030113, g030114 are connected to form interior angle successively, and wherein, starting point is g030112, and mid point is g030113, and terminal is g030114.
S203, judges whether the angle of described interior angle is greater than 180 °.
When being judged as YES, then the segmental arc that described mid point is corresponding with between terminal is concave arc.
When being judged as NO, then the segmental arc that described mid point is corresponding with between terminal is convex arc.
As shown in Figure 10, for g030112, g030113, g030114, some g030112, g030113, g030114 are connected to form interior angle successively, and wherein, starting point is g030112, and mid point is g030113, and terminal is g030114.Because interior angle angle is less than 180 °, therefore corresponding between g030113 and g030114 segmental arc is convex arc; Correspondingly, for g030111, g030112, g030113, some g030111, g030112, g030113 are connected to form interior angle successively, and wherein, starting point is g030111, and mid point is g030112, and terminal is g030113.Because interior angle angle is greater than 180 °, therefore corresponding between g030112 and g030113 segmental arc is concave arc.
S204, generates the segmental arc between described adjacent sampled point according to the concavity and convexity of described action D, chord length L and segmental arc, links sampled point, be combined into segmental arc polygon.
Fig. 3 calculates in adjacent layer in Fig. 1, the process flow diagram schematic diagram of the Tree Crown Volume that the polygonal projection of segmental arc of upper layer and the polygonal overlay region of segmental arc of lower layer are formed, comprising:
S300, calculates in adjacent layer, the area S of the polygonal projection of segmental arc of upper layer and the polygonal overlay region of segmental arc of lower layer.
It should be noted that, when carrying out the calculation of three-dimensional green gauge, in units of adjacent upper and lower two layer, calculate the Tree Crown Volume formed between two layer.Such as, when there is layer 1, layer 2, layer 3, layer 4 successively, layer 1 and layer 2 need be calculated respectively, layer 2 and layer 3, the Tree Crown Volume between layer 3 and layer 4.
Wherein, when the segmental arc polygon of upper layer is projected to lower layer, the polygonal projection of segmental arc of upper layer and the segmental arc polygon of lower layer can form overlay region and non-overlapped district.
Such as, as shown in figure 11, E district is overlay region, and A district, B district, C district, D district are non-overlapped district.
S301, calculates the distance H between adjacent layer.
It should be noted that, the maximal value of sampled point elevation selected in same layer and the difference of minimum value can not more than 20cm, the difference of the Z axis coordinate of the sampled point namely in same layer can not more than 20cm, during calculating, the Z axis coordinate of layer is the mean value (i.e. elevation mean value) of the Z axis coordinate of all sampled points in this layer.Distance H between adjacent layer is the difference of the mean value of the mean value of the Z axis coordinate of layer and the Z axis coordinate of lower layer.
S302, calculates the Tree Crown Volume V that overlay region is formed
c.Described V
c=S × H.
Fig. 4 calculates in adjacent layer in Fig. 1, the process flow diagram schematic diagram of the Tree Crown Volume that the polygonal projection of segmental arc of upper layer and the polygonal non-overlapped district of segmental arc of lower layer are formed, comprising:
S400, the polygonal intersection point of segmental arc of the polygonal projection of the segmental arc of layer and lower layer in calculating.
It should be noted that, when carrying out the calculation of three-dimensional green gauge, in units of adjacent upper and lower two layer, calculate the Tree Crown Volume formed between two layer.Wherein, when the segmental arc polygon of upper layer is projected to lower layer, the polygonal projection of segmental arc of upper layer and the segmental arc polygon of lower layer can form intersection point.
Such as, as shown in figure 11, put a, some b, some d, some e are the polygonal projection of segmental arc of upper layer and the polygonal intersection point of segmental arc of lower layer.
S401, according to described intersection point, is divided into sub-range by the polygonal non-overlapped zoning of segmental arc of polygonal for the segmental arc of upper layer projection and lower layer.
Described sub-range is made up of outer arc segments and interior segmental arc, wherein, with the longer segmental arc of length for outer arc segments.
Such as, as shown in figure 11, put a, some b, some d, some e are the polygonal projection of segmental arc of upper layer and the polygonal intersection point of segmental arc of lower layer.Wherein, E district is overlay region, and A district, B district, C district, D district are non-overlapped district.Correspondingly, put a, some b, non-overlapped zoning is divided into the sub-ranges such as A district, B district, C district, D district by some d, some e.Each sub-range forms by outer arc segments and interior segmental arc, outer arc segments and interior segmental arc one_to_one corresponding.
S402, the corresponding segmental arc of layer corresponding to described outer arc segments and interior segmental arc arranges interpolated point.
The interpolated point that the corresponding segmental arc of layer corresponding to described outer arc segments is arranged is outer arc interpolated point, and the interpolated point that the corresponding segmental arc of the layer corresponding to described interior segmental arc is arranged is inner arc interpolated point.Wherein, the outer arc interpolated point in same sub-range adheres to different layer separately from inner arc interpolated point, described outer arc interpolated point and described inner arc interpolated point one_to_one corresponding.
Interpolated point is set, chooses segmental arc (i.e. outer arc segments) longer in interior outer arc segments with unit length (1 centimetre) for interval.Meanwhile, inner arc interpolated point is set according to outer arc interpolated point, makes inner arc interpolated point quantity consistent with the outer arc interpolated point quantity corresponding to it, and one_to_one corresponding.
S403, links described outer arc interpolated point and inner arc interpolated point, generates tree crown outside surface.
Because the outer arc interpolated point in same sub-range adheres to different layer separately from inner arc interpolated point, link the described outer arc interpolated point in same interval and inner arc interpolated point, tree crown outside surface can be formed.The tree crown outside surface formed respectively in each interval is combined, is the complete outside surface of target trees.
It should be noted that, if shape of tree-crown is obvious taper, then peak is independently set to one deck, and toply only have a unique sampled point.Now, when building the tree crown outside surface between the peak layer adjacent with peak, only interpolated point need be set on the segmental arc polygon of the layer adjacent with peak, and interpolated point is connected with peak, tree crown outside surface can be generated.
S404, the Tree Crown Volume that the non-overlapped district that the outside surface calculating the tree crown formed by described tree crown outside surface and overlay region combines is formed.
It should be noted that, when calculating the Tree Crown Volume that non-overlapped district formed, adopt the method fluxions to calculate, namely utilize paxilla one by one that the tree crown that non-overlapped district is formed is filled up, add up the volume the tree crown that non-overlapped district is formed.
Be described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiment.
Embodiment
Such as, target trees, according to tree crown overall growth situation, are divided into four layers by survey crew, wherein, have multiple sampled point in each layer, utilize the sampling point information without each layer of prism total powerstation measured clockwise, and sampling point information is as table 2(unit m) shown in.
Table 2
| Title | The number of plies | X-axis coordinate | Y-axis coordinate | Z axis coordinate |
| g160501 | 0 | 48459.149 | 19744.937 | 9.734 |
| g160511 | 1 | 48459.357 | 19745.371 | 9.494 |
| g160512 | 1 | 48458.839 | 19745.466 | 9.472 |
| g160513 | 1 | 48458.605 | 19744.937 | 9.496 |
| g160514 | 1 | 48458.885 | 19744.318 | 9.469 |
| g160515 | 1 | 48459.43 | 19744.361 | 9.48 |
| g160516 | 1 | 48459.845 | 19744.448 | 9.472 |
| g160517 | 1 | 48460.001 | 19745.247 | 9.484 |
| g160521 | 2 | 48458.498 | 19745.552 | 8.983 |
| g160522 | 2 | 48458.447 | 19744.972 | 8.986 |
| g160523 | 2 | 48458.521 | 19744.455 | 8.958 |
| g160524 | 2 | 48459.119 | 19744.109 | 8.972 |
| g160525 | 2 | 48459.929 | 19744.324 | 8.936 |
| g160526 | 2 | 48460.183 | 19744.989 | 8.918 |
| g160527 | 2 | 48459.968 | 19745.612 | 8.949 |
| g160528 | 2 | 48459.291 | 19745.747 | 8.95 |
| g160531 | 3 | 48458.998 | 19745.557 | 8.456 |
| g160532 | 3 | 48458.943 | 19745.235 | 8.425 |
| g160533 | 3 | 48458.662 | 19744.974 | 8.43 |
| g160534 | 3 | 48458.715 | 19744.529 | 8.453 |
| g160535 | 3 | 48458.948 | 19744.65 | 8.431 |
| g160536 | 3 | 48459.053 | 19744.329 | 8.472 |
| g160537 | 3 | 48459.563 | 19744.45 | 8.43 |
| g160538 | 3 | 48459.815 | 19745.17 | 8.425 |
Green amount counter obtains the sample point coordinate without prism total powerstation Real-time Collection, and according to the number of plies, sampled point is divided in four layer, wherein, the number of plies be 0 sampled point (i.e. peak) form layer 0, the number of plies is the sampled point composition layer 1 of 1, the number of plies is the sampled point composition layer 2 of 2, and the number of plies is the sampled point composition layer 3 of 3.
For layer 1, green amount counter extracts the sample point coordinate in layer 1 successively according to the measuring sequence without prism total powerstation, be plotted in layer 1 by described sampled point according to X-axis coordinate and Y-axis coordinate.Connect the sampled point in layer 1 successively with line segment form, form line segment polygon.Obtain the sample parameters N=1/4.15 preset.The chord length L successively between calculating sampling point according to X-axis coordinate and Y-axis coordinate, simultaneously according to formula D=N × L, calculates action D.Then, according to X-axis coordinate and the Y-axis coordinate of each sampled point, calculate the angle of the interior angle that three adjacent sampled points are connected in turn, and judge to form the mid point of interior angle and the segmental arc concavity and convexity corresponding to terminal, after this, generate the segmental arc between described adjacent sampled point according to the concavity and convexity of action D, chord length L and segmental arc, form segmental arc polygon.Correspondingly, layer 2, layer 3 also do corresponding process, and the segmental arc polygon that layer 1, layer 2, layer 3 are formed as shown in figure 12.Wherein, the segmental arc polygon for layer 1 be made up of a1 ~ a7, the segmental arc polygon for layer 2 be made up of b1 ~ b8, the segmental arc polygon for layer 3 be made up of c1 ~ c8.
Calculate layer 0 and layer 1 respectively, layer 1 and layer 2, the Tree Crown Volume between layer 2 and layer 3.
For layer 1 and layer 2, see Figure 12.According to the X-axis coordinate of sampled point in layer 1 and layer 2 and the area S of the calculating polygonal projection of segmental arc of layer 1 of Y-axis coordinate and the polygonal overlay region of segmental arc of layer 2.Calculate the mean value of the Z axis coordinate of each sampled point in layer 1 and layer 2 respectively, the distance H between layer 1 and layer 2 is the difference of the mean value of the mean value of the Z axis coordinate of layer 1 and the Z axis coordinate of layer 2.According to formula V
c=S × H, calculates the Tree Crown Volume V that overlay region is formed
c.Simultaneously, segmental arc due to the polygonal projection of the segmental arc calculating layer 1 and layer 2 is polygonal does not exist intersection point, the polygonal non-overlapped zoning of segmental arc of polygonal for the segmental arc of layer 1 projection and layer 2 is divided into 1 sub-range, the outer arc segments in this sub-range is the segmental arc polygon of layer 2, interior segmental arc is the polygonal projection of segmental arc of layer 1, therefore, in the segmental arc of layer 2, every spacing 1 centimetre arranges an interpolated point, correspondingly, the segmental arc of layer 1 arranges the interpolated point equal with layer 2 quantity.Be connected corresponding with the interpolated point in layer 2 for the interpolated point in layer 1, form the tree crown outside surface between layer 1 and layer 2, the Tree Crown Volume that the non-overlapped district that the outside surface utilizing infinitesimal analysis to calculate the tree crown that described tree crown outside surface and overlay region are formed combines is formed.The Tree Crown Volume that cumulative non-overlapped district is formed and the Tree Crown Volume V that overlay region is formed
cbe the Tree Crown Volume formed between layer 1 and layer 2.Correspondingly, layer 0 and layer 1 is calculated respectively, the Tree Crown Volume between layer 2 and layer 3.
Finally, the result of calculation between each layer is added up, can show that the tree crown cumulative volume of target trees is 2.31064213462736m
3.
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of the present invention with a kind of tree three-dimensional green system for measuring quantity 3, comprising:
Without prism total powerstation 1, for the sampling point information of Real-time Collection target trees.
Described sampling point information comprises sample point coordinate and the number of plies, and described sample point coordinate comprises X-axis coordinate, Y-axis coordinate, Z axis coordinate.
It should be noted that, in the topographic condition of forest zone complexity, when horizontal range cannot be measured in survey Nei You abrupt slope, district or gully, first stretching, extension situation and the intervisibility degree of tree crown is observed, tentatively choose the maximum extension place of tree crown in all directions as the sampled point that will measure, then determine final sampled point according to the profile of tree crown and the choosing of sags and crests distribution situation.In addition, due to factor impacts such as landform, intervisibility situations, often need to lay multiple reference mark, and when wind speed near the ground is less than 0.5m/s, when realizing laser alignment institute assize kind, from different perspectives tree crown is measured.The trees that partial blade is thick and heavy, can measure when wind speed is less than 1m/s.During measurement, target trees are carried out layered shaping by survey crew, generally according to shape and the highl stratification of trees, roughly can divide 4-10 layer, and the maximal value of sampled point elevation selected in same layer and the difference of minimum value can not more than 20cm.Every layer, according to the size of hat width, about surveying 7-15 sampled point, and is recorded the coordinate of every one deck point clockwise or counterclockwise.
Green amount counter 2, for calculating tree three-dimensional green amount according to the described sampling point information without prism total powerstation 1 Real-time Collection.
It should be noted that, the quantity without prism total powerstation 1 can be one or more, and green amount counter 2 can process the sampling point information gathered without prism total powerstation 1 in magnanimity ground, realizes the real-time calculating of tree three-dimensional green amount.
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of the present invention with a kind of tree three-dimensional green system for measuring quantity 3 medium green amount counter 2, comprising:
Acquiring unit 21, for obtaining the sampling point information without prism total powerstation 1 Real-time Collection.
Described sampling point information comprises sample point coordinate and the number of plies, and described sample point coordinate comprises X-axis coordinate, Y-axis coordinate, Z axis coordinate.
The polygon construction unit 22 be connected with described acquiring unit 21, for extracting the identical sampled point combination layer of the number of plies, generates segmental arc polygon according to the sample point coordinate in layer.
Sampled point, according to the number of plies, is divided into multiple layer by polygon construction unit 22, wherein, at least there are 7 sampled points in each layer.Sampled point in polygon construction unit 22 pairs of layer processes, according to the X-axis coordinate in sample point coordinate, Y-axis coordinate, described sampled point is plotted in same layer, and adjacent sampled point is connected between two by line segment form according to measuring sequence, form line segment polygon.Obtain the sample parameters N=1/4.15 preset.The chord length L successively between calculating sampling point according to X-axis coordinate and Y-axis coordinate, simultaneously according to formula D=N × L, calculates action D.Then, according to X-axis coordinate and the Y-axis coordinate of each sampled point, calculate the angle of the interior angle that three adjacent sampled points are connected in turn, wherein, three sampled points are followed successively by starting point, mid point, terminal, and when the angle of interior angle is greater than 180 °, then the segmental arc that described mid point is corresponding with between terminal is concave arc; When the angle of interior angle is not more than 180 °, then the segmental arc that described mid point is corresponding with between terminal is convex arc.After this, generate the segmental arc between described adjacent sampled point according to the concavity and convexity of action D, chord length L and segmental arc, form the segmental arc polygon with concave arc, convex arc, closer to the shape of crown mapping, substantially increase the precision of measurement.
The first computing unit 23 be connected with described polygon construction unit 22, for calculating in adjacent layer, the Tree Crown Volume that the polygonal projection of segmental arc of upper layer and the polygonal overlay region of segmental arc of lower layer are formed.
The second computing unit 24 be connected with described polygon construction unit 22, for calculating in adjacent layer, the Tree Crown Volume that the polygonal projection of segmental arc of upper layer and the polygonal non-overlapped district of segmental arc of lower layer are formed.
It should be noted that, when carrying out the calculation of three-dimensional green gauge, in units of adjacent upper and lower two layer, calculate the Tree Crown Volume formed between two layer.Wherein, when the segmental arc polygon of upper layer is projected to lower layer, the polygonal projection of segmental arc of upper layer and the segmental arc polygon of lower layer can form overlay region and non-overlapped district.Therefore, the Tree Crown Volume that the segmental arc polygon of upper layer and the segmental arc polygon of lower layer are formed comprises Tree Crown Volume that overlay region formed and the Tree Crown Volume that non-overlapped district is formed.Correspondingly, the Tree Crown Volume utilizing the first computing unit 23 to calculate overlay region to be formed, the Tree Crown Volume utilizing the second computing unit 24 to calculate non-overlapped district to be formed.
The 3rd computing unit 25 be connected respectively with described first computing unit 23 and the second computing unit 24, calculates tree crown cumulative volume for the result of calculation according to described first computing unit 23 and the second computing unit 24.
Fig. 7 is the structural representation of the first computing unit 23 in Fig. 6, comprising:
Areal calculation subelement 231, for calculating in adjacent layer, the area S of the polygonal projection of segmental arc of upper layer and the polygonal overlay region of segmental arc of lower layer.
Distance computation subelement 232, for calculating the distance H between adjacent layer.
It should be noted that, the maximal value of sampled point elevation selected in same layer and the difference of minimum value can not more than 20cm, and the difference of the Z axis coordinate of the sampled point namely in same layer can not more than 20cm.During calculating, distance computation subelement 232 calculates the mean value (i.e. elevation mean value) of the Z axis coordinate of all sampled points in layer respectively, then calculate the difference of the upper mean value of Z axis coordinate of layer and the mean value of the Z axis coordinate of lower layer, the result of gained is the distance H between adjacent layer.
Overlay region volume computing subelement 233, calculates the Tree Crown Volume V that overlay region is formed
c.
Overlay region volume computing subelement 233 utilizes formula V
c=S × H calculates the Tree Crown Volume V that overlay region is formed
c.
Fig. 8 is the structural representation of the second computing unit 24 in Fig. 6, comprising:
Intersection point calculation subelement 241, the polygonal intersection point of segmental arc of the polygonal projection of the segmental arc for calculating upper layer and lower layer.
It should be noted that, when carrying out the calculation of three-dimensional green gauge, in units of adjacent upper and lower two layer, calculate the Tree Crown Volume formed between two layer.Wherein, when the segmental arc polygon of upper layer is projected to lower layer, the polygonal projection of segmental arc of upper layer and the segmental arc polygon of lower layer can form intersection point.Intersection point calculation subelement 241 calculates the polygonal projection of segmental arc of upper layer and the polygonal intersection point of segmental arc of lower layer that are generated by polygon construction unit 22 according to sample point coordinate.
Interval division subelement 242, for according to described intersection point, is divided into sub-range by the polygonal non-overlapped zoning of segmental arc of polygonal for the segmental arc of upper layer projection and lower layer.
It should be noted that, the sub-range that described interval division subelement 242 divides is made up of outer arc segments and interior segmental arc, wherein, with the longer segmental arc of length for outer arc segments.
Interpolated point arranges subelement 243, in the corresponding segmental arc in layer corresponding to described outer arc segments and interior segmental arc, arrange interpolated point.
The interpolated point that the corresponding segmental arc of layer corresponding to described outer arc segments is arranged is outer arc interpolated point, and the interpolated point that the corresponding segmental arc of the layer corresponding to described interior segmental arc is arranged is inner arc interpolated point.Wherein, the outer arc interpolated point in same sub-range adheres to different layer separately from inner arc interpolated point, described outer arc interpolated point and described inner arc interpolated point one_to_one corresponding.Preferably, when arranging outer arc interpolated point, with unit length (1 centimetre) for interval arranges outer arc interpolated point.Meanwhile, inner arc interpolated point is set according to outer arc interpolated point, makes inner arc interpolated point quantity consistent with the outer arc interpolated point quantity corresponding to it, and one_to_one corresponding.
Tree crown outside surface generates subelement 244, for linking described outer arc interpolated point and inner arc interpolated point, generates tree crown outside surface.
Because the outer arc interpolated point in same sub-range adheres to different layer separately from inner arc interpolated point, link the described outer arc interpolated point in same interval and inner arc interpolated point, tree crown outside surface can be formed.The tree crown outside surface formed respectively in each interval is combined, is the complete outside surface of target trees.
It should be noted that, if shape of tree-crown is obvious taper, then peak is independently set to one deck, and toply only have a unique sampled point.Now, when building the tree crown outside surface between the peak layer adjacent with peak, only interpolated point need be set on the segmental arc polygon of the layer adjacent with peak, and interpolated point is connected with peak, tree crown outside surface can be generated.
Non-overlapped district volume computing subelement 245, the Tree Crown Volume that the non-overlapped district that the outside surface for calculating the tree crown formed by described tree crown outside surface and overlay region combines is formed.
It should be noted that, during utilize non-overlapped district volume computing subelement 245 to calculate Tree Crown Volume that non-overlapped district formed, adopt the method fluxions to calculate, namely utilize paxilla one by one that the tree crown that non-overlapped district is formed is filled up, add up the volume the tree crown that non-overlapped district is formed.
As from the foregoing, utilizing can under condition with a varied topography without prism total powerstation 1, the sampling point information of high precision, expeditiously collection target trees.In addition, the three-dimensional green amount of the automatic calculating target trees of green amount counter 2, acquiring unit 21 obtains the sampling point information without prism total powerstation 1 Real-time Collection, and polygon construction unit 22 is according to the number of plies, sampled point is divided into independently layer, and builds the segmental arc polygon with concave arc, convex arc.Adjacent upper with two, lower layer is unit, first computing unit 23 calculates the Tree Crown Volume that the above polygonal projection of segmental arc of layer and the polygonal overlay region of segmental arc of lower layer are formed, the Tree Crown Volume that on second computing unit 24, the polygonal projection of segmental arc of layer and the polygonal non-overlapped district of segmental arc of lower layer are formed, the result of calculation accumulation of the first computing unit 23 and the second computing unit 24 is added up by the 3rd computing unit 25, generate tree crown cumulative volume, this calculates the volume of irregular tree crown than the solid being modeled to the rule such as Rotary-table or cone with tree crown, gained volume accuracy is higher, efficiency is higher.
The above is the preferred embodiment of the present invention; it should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention; can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications are also considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a tree three-dimensional green measuring method, is characterized in that, comprising:
Green amount counter obtains the sampling point information without prism total powerstation Real-time Collection, and described sampling point information comprises sample point coordinate and the number of plies, and described sample point coordinate comprises X-axis coordinate, Y-axis coordinate, Z axis coordinate;
Extract the sampled point combination layer that the number of plies is identical, generate segmental arc polygon according to the sample point coordinate in layer;
Calculate in adjacent layer, the Tree Crown Volume that the polygonal projection of segmental arc of upper layer and the polygonal overlay region of segmental arc of lower layer are formed;
Calculate in adjacent layer, the Tree Crown Volume that the polygonal projection of segmental arc of upper layer and the polygonal non-overlapped district of segmental arc of lower layer are formed;
Calculate tree crown cumulative volume, the Tree Crown Volume that described tree crown cumulative volume is formed for overlay region and the Tree Crown Volume sum that non-overlapped district is formed;
The described sample point coordinate according in layer generates the polygonal step of segmental arc and comprises:
According to the X-axis coordinate in described sample point coordinate and Y-axis coordinate, sampled point is plotted in same layer, links sampled point, be combined into line segment polygon;
Obtain the sample parameters N preset, calculate the action D of segmental arc corresponding between chord length L between adjacent sampled point and adjacent sampled point, described action D=N × L;
Calculate by the angle of adjacent three interior angles that sampled point is connected in turn, described three sampled points are followed successively by starting point, mid point, terminal;
Judge whether the angle of described interior angle is greater than 180 °, when being judged as YES, then the segmental arc that described mid point is corresponding with between terminal is concave arc, and when being judged as NO, then the segmental arc that described mid point is corresponding with between terminal is convex arc;
Generate the segmental arc between described adjacent sampled point according to the concavity and convexity of described action D, chord length L and segmental arc, link sampled point, be combined into segmental arc polygon.
2. tree three-dimensional green measuring method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, in the adjacent layer of described calculating, the step of the Tree Crown Volume that the polygonal projection of segmental arc of upper layer and the polygonal overlay region of segmental arc of lower layer are formed comprises:
Calculate in adjacent layer, the area S of the polygonal projection of segmental arc of upper layer and the polygonal overlay region of segmental arc of lower layer;
Calculate the distance H between adjacent layer;
Calculate the Tree Crown Volume V that overlay region is formed
c, described V
c=S × H.
3. tree three-dimensional green measuring method as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, in the adjacent layer of described calculating, the step of the Tree Crown Volume that the polygonal projection of segmental arc of upper layer and the polygonal non-overlapped district of segmental arc of lower layer are formed comprises:
The polygonal intersection point of segmental arc of the polygonal projection of the segmental arc of layer and lower layer in calculating;
According to described intersection point, the polygonal non-overlapped zoning of segmental arc of polygonal for the segmental arc of upper layer projection and lower layer is divided into sub-range, and described sub-range is made up of outer arc segments and interior segmental arc;
The corresponding segmental arc of layer corresponding to described outer arc segments and interior segmental arc arranges interpolated point, wherein, the interpolated point that the corresponding segmental arc of layer corresponding to described outer arc segments is arranged is outer arc interpolated point, the interpolated point that the corresponding segmental arc of the layer corresponding to described interior segmental arc is arranged is inner arc interpolated point, described outer arc interpolated point and described inner arc interpolated point one_to_one corresponding;
Link described outer arc interpolated point and inner arc interpolated point, generate tree crown outside surface;
The Tree Crown Volume that the non-overlapped district that the outside surface calculating the tree crown formed by described tree crown outside surface and overlay region combines is formed.
4. the tree three-dimensional green measuring method as described in any one of claim 1 ~ 3, is characterized in that, the described sample point coordinate according in layer also comprises before generating the polygonal step of segmental arc:
Judge that whether described sampled point is abnormal, when being judged as YES, abnormality processing is carried out to described sampled point;
Described abnormality processing comprise suppressing exception sampled point, generate cue with reminding user Resurvey sampled point.
5. a tree three-dimensional green system for measuring quantity, is characterized in that, comprising:
Without prism total powerstation, for the sampling point information of Real-time Collection target trees, described sampling point information comprises sample point coordinate and the number of plies, and described sample point coordinate comprises X-axis coordinate, Y-axis coordinate, Z axis coordinate;
Green amount counter, for calculating tree three-dimensional green amount according to the described sampling point information without prism total powerstation Real-time Collection;
Described green amount counter comprises:
Acquiring unit, for obtaining the sampling point information without prism total powerstation Real-time Collection, described sampling point information comprises sample point coordinate and the number of plies, and described sample point coordinate comprises X-axis coordinate, Y-axis coordinate, Z axis coordinate;
The polygon construction unit be connected with described acquiring unit, for extracting the identical sampled point combination layer of the number of plies, generates segmental arc polygon according to the sample point coordinate in layer;
The first computing unit be connected with described polygon construction unit, for calculating in adjacent layer, the Tree Crown Volume that the polygonal projection of segmental arc of upper layer and the polygonal overlay region of segmental arc of lower layer are formed;
The second computing unit be connected with described polygon construction unit, for calculating in adjacent layer, the Tree Crown Volume that the polygonal projection of segmental arc of upper layer and the polygonal non-overlapped district of segmental arc of lower layer are formed;
The 3rd computing unit be connected respectively with described first computing unit and the second computing unit, calculates tree crown cumulative volume for the result of calculation according to described first computing unit and the second computing unit, polygon construction unit processes the sampled point in layer, according to the X-axis coordinate in sample point coordinate, described sampled point is plotted in same layer by Y-axis coordinate, and adjacent sampled point is connected between two by line segment form according to measuring sequence, form line segment polygon, obtain the sample parameters N preset, the chord length L successively between calculating sampling point according to X-axis coordinate and Y-axis coordinate, simultaneously according to formula D=N × L, calculate action D, according to X-axis coordinate and the Y-axis coordinate of each sampled point, calculate the angle of the interior angle that three adjacent sampled points are connected in turn, wherein, three sampled points are followed successively by starting point, mid point, terminal, when the angle of interior angle is greater than 180 °, the segmental arc that then described mid point is corresponding with between terminal is concave arc, when the angle of interior angle is not more than 180 °, then the segmental arc that described mid point is corresponding with between terminal is convex arc, generates the segmental arc between described adjacent sampled point, form the segmental arc polygon with concave arc, convex arc according to the concavity and convexity of action D, chord length L and segmental arc.
6. tree three-dimensional green system for measuring quantity as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that, described first computing unit comprises:
Areal calculation subelement, for calculating in adjacent layer, the area S of the polygonal projection of segmental arc of upper layer and the polygonal overlay region of segmental arc of lower layer;
Distance computation subelement, for calculating the distance H between adjacent layer;
Overlay region volume computing subelement, calculates the Tree Crown Volume V that overlay region is formed
c, described V
c=S × H.
7. tree three-dimensional green system for measuring quantity as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that, described second computing unit comprises:
Intersection point calculation subelement, the polygonal intersection point of segmental arc of the polygonal projection of the segmental arc for calculating upper layer and lower layer;
Interval division subelement, for according to described intersection point, the polygonal non-overlapped zoning of segmental arc of polygonal for the segmental arc of upper layer projection and lower layer is divided into sub-range, and described sub-range is made up of outer arc segments and interior segmental arc;
Interpolated point arranges subelement, in the corresponding segmental arc in layer corresponding to described outer arc segments and interior segmental arc, interpolated point is set, wherein, the interpolated point that the corresponding segmental arc of layer corresponding to described outer arc segments is arranged is outer arc interpolated point, the interpolated point that the corresponding segmental arc of the layer corresponding to described interior segmental arc is arranged is inner arc interpolated point, described outer arc interpolated point and described inner arc interpolated point one_to_one corresponding;
Tree crown outside surface generates subelement, for linking described outer arc interpolated point and inner arc interpolated point, generates tree crown outside surface;
Non-overlapped district volume computing subelement, the Tree Crown Volume that the non-overlapped district that the outside surface for calculating the tree crown formed by described tree crown outside surface and overlay region combines is formed.
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| CN104463164B (en) * | 2014-09-03 | 2018-02-13 | 中国科学院遥感与数字地球研究所 | It is a kind of based on umbrella frame method and crown height than trees canopy structure information extracting method |
| CN104848796A (en) * | 2015-05-29 | 2015-08-19 | 新疆企业资源计划生产力促进中心（有限公司） | Beidou based nursery-grown plant DBH (Diameter at Breast Height) measuring device and use method thereof |
| CN107622228A (en) * | 2017-08-28 | 2018-01-23 | 辽宁远天城市规划有限公司 | A kind of tridimensional green method based on unmanned aerial vehicle remote sensing images |
| CN111353736B (en) * | 2020-01-02 | 2024-01-26 | 深圳市汇川技术股份有限公司 | Stock quantity calculation method, system, device and computer readable storage medium |
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