CN103182727A - Hollow recombined bamboo and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Hollow recombined bamboo and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103182727A CN103182727A CN2012103630070A CN201210363007A CN103182727A CN 103182727 A CN103182727 A CN 103182727A CN 2012103630070 A CN2012103630070 A CN 2012103630070A CN 201210363007 A CN201210363007 A CN 201210363007A CN 103182727 A CN103182727 A CN 103182727A
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Abstract
The invention provides a hollow recombined bamboo and manufacturing method thereof. The hollow recombined bamboo is formed through forming holes in the longitudinal direction inside a plate pasted and connected by bamboo bunches, bamboo filaments or tiny bamboo splits. The manufacturing method includes the steps: splitting the original bamboo into bamboo bunches, bamboo filaments or tiny bamboo splits in the longitudinal direction; softening after thermal treatment, and then drying and gum dipping; paving bamboo units in a mould pressing groove by different levels uniformly; paving a moulded rod in the direction parallel to the longitudinal direction of the bamboo bunches, bamboo filaments or tiny bamboo splits as per the requirements of hollow rate; gluing slabs in the mould pressing groove through high-frequency hot pressing or cold pressing pressure maintaining and baking, demoulding, removing the mould pressing groove or a high-pressure inflating device, or adopting permanently filling; and then forming the hollow recombined bamboo finished product through follow-up machining. The hollow recombined bamboo and the manufacturing method thereof can be applied in the field of building beam columns, structural members, furniture and decorating materials.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to resources conservation, environment-friendly type structural material field, relate to a kind of hollow reorganization bamboo and manufacture method thereof.
Background technology
China is the abundantest country of bamboo resource in the world.In recent years, along with the scarcity of world's timber resources, utilize timber and bamboo timber resource to seem more and more important rationally and effectively.
In the prior art, the main reorganization bamboo technology that is used for fields such as building, decoration has: (1) thin bamboo strips used for weaving recombinant technique: bamboo processing is processed into thick bamboo to be slightd, independent, perhaps add the wood bundle of comb solution, an amount of veneer strip, be dried to moisture content 8～15% usefulness phenolic resins gummed and form.(2) bamboo fiber reinforced composite material manufacturing technology: with bamboo wood discongest into elongated, be cross-linked with each other and keep the loose reticular fibre bundle of the original arrangement mode of fiber, the board-like material that hot pressing forms after drying, applying glue, the assembly moulding again.(3) bamboo side's reorganization bamboo technology: with hollow bamboo wood splitting camber bamboo base, again the bamboo base is processed into bamboo side's bar of certain specification, bamboo side's bar is glued to together, form bamboo board or bamboo square bar.(4) dwarf bamboo recombinant technique: the dwarf bamboo bamboo wood is rubbed the well-thought-out plan bundle of consulting, and reorganization is glued to together, forms bamboo board or bamboo square bar.
Along with the bamboo wood industrial expansion, the reorganization bamboo that performance is comparatively good just arises.The reorganization bamboo is earlier bamboo wood to be discongested into the long bundle of elongated bamboo, and the tabular or other forms of material that hot pressing forms after drying, applying glue, the assembly moulding can be applicable to fields such as building, decoration again.This reorganization bamboo is the nearly 10 years comparatively swift and violent reorganization bamboo products of development, becomes the main flow kind of bamboo wood industrial development at one stroke.
Along with reorganization bamboo being extensive use of in fields such as building, furniture, decoration, floors, the shortcoming that it has also highlights day by day, because all being bamboo bundle or the closely knit compacting of bamboo fibre with certain form of discongesting, the reorganization bamboo forms, the density of product is higher, product is from great, the bamboo wood consumption is big, and the adhesive consumption is many.
Present at the hollow chipboard that exists extrusion to make on the market, but output is less, the scope of application is less, and hollow chipboard has following shortcoming: 1) use particle or tiny wood shavings to be raw material, the longitudinal direction bearing capacity is little, can not be as structural materials such as building beam columns; 2) often adopt extrusion to produce, production efficiency is lower, and vertically MOR is lower; 3) product bulking performance is bigger, and stability is relatively poor.
In the prior art, by different bamboo wood constituent element methods, bamboo wood is recombinated, reach the purpose of reorganization bamboo product high strength, high usage.Because the density of bamboo wood itself is higher, repressed after, reorganization bamboo product is conducted oneself with dignity bigger, should not construct.Simultaneously, generally the bamboo unit weighs is formed big specification or than the recombined material of large format, the bamboo that causes recombinating in use easily produces internal stress, makes the reorganization bamboo easily have defectives such as producing cracking, influence properties of product, in addition, because bamboo wood is by discongesting the closely knit compacting of whole unit, thereby required bamboo material is many, adhesive is bigger, the bamboo cost that causes recombinating improves, and is difficult for processing, is unfavorable for shortcomings such as environmental protection.Therefore, develop and a kind ofly both kept the reorganization bamboo and have advantages such as high strength, the novel reorganization bamboo and the manufacture method thereof that overcome simultaneously above-mentioned shortcoming again become current urgent problem.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to improve the deficiencies in the prior art, provide a kind of high strength, little, the good stability of deadweight, hollow rate is big, needed raw material is few, burst size of methanal is few, insulation, heat insulation, sound insulation, damping effect is good, impact resistance is strong, the hollow reorganization bamboo of easy construction.
Another object of the present invention provides the manufacture method of above-mentioned hollow reorganization bamboo.
A kind of hollow reorganization bamboo, it comprises some bamboo unit of being discongested well-thought-out plan bundle, bamboo silk or tiny thin bamboo strips used for weaving form by the former bamboo section of preseting length along the longitudinal direction, in the slit of this bamboo unit and between the adjacent bamboo unit, be provided with adhesive, making that each bamboo unit is bonding connects into plate-like reorganization material, it is characterized in that in this reorganization material, having the hole along described longitudinal direction.
Wherein the hole of She Zhiing is the hole that connects at described longitudinal direction, or the hole that does not connect.
The inside of described hollow reorganization bamboo is that hole or the cross section of arcuate flanks is polygonal hole in the hole along described longitudinal direction.The hole of arcuate flanks can be circular hole or slotted eye.Described polygonal hole can be rectangular opening or tri-angle-holed or hexagonal hole.
In hollow reorganization bamboo, hollow rate is not more than 80%.
Can be provided with filler in the described hole.Described filler in the described hole is timber or wood-based plate or plastics or rubber or metal bar or pipe, and this metal tube can be steel pipe.
On the cross section vertical with described longitudinal direction of hollow reorganization bamboo, the ratio of the area in described hole and the area of section of reorganization bamboo is 1/5～4/5.
The bamboo making method of a kind of hollow reorganization provided by the invention, it has following steps:
Step 1: the bamboo unit of the former bamboo section of preseting length being discongested along the longitudinal direction well-thought-out plan bundle, bamboo silk or thin bamboo strips used for weaving form;
Step 2: the bamboo unit that step 1 is made softens processing;
The order of step 1 and step 2 can be put upside down;
Step 3: the bamboo unit that step 2 is made carries out drying;
Step 4: dried bamboo unit is carried out applying glue;
Step 5: mated formation in the embossing grooves of molding die in the bamboo unit after the applying glue, be characterized in, in the middle of each bamboo unit, lay and accompany moulded rod, the parallel longitudinal of the axis of this moulded rod and described bamboo unit;
Step 6: to the product of step 5 forming operation of exerting pressure;
Step 7: the demoulding, the described moulded rod of all or part of taking-up or allow all described moulded rods forever be retained in wherein namely becomes hollow reorganization bamboo provided by the invention.
In the manufacture method of hollow reorganization bamboo provided by the invention,
In the step 1, the bamboo unit should be too not short, to keep the mechanical strength of longitudinal direction bamboo unit itself, makes the intensity that strengthens resistance to compression longitudinally, bending resistance after the hollow bamboo moulding of recombinating.The longitudinal length of bamboo unit is advisable to be not less than 0.5m.
Isolated bamboo bundle in the bamboo unit or bamboo silk or thin bamboo strips used for weaving can not be meticulous, otherwise conglomeration easily, can not be too thick, otherwise the affixed intensity of influence reorganization bamboo.
Described netted bamboo bundle in the bamboo unit or the diameter of single bamboo silk are 0.05～6mm.The bamboo bundle of preferred described separation, or single bamboo silk, diameter is 0.3～4mm.
The bamboo processing well-thought-out plan slightd or handle thin bamboo strips used for weaving through processing, thin bamboo strips used for weaving is preferably dimensioned to be: thickness is 0.3～2mm, and width is 5～20mm, longitudinal length L 〉=0.5m.
The softening processing of step 2 can be various methods of the prior art such as alkali lye boiling, hot cooking, emerge in worm water, and the bamboo unit that step 1 is made softens.
Concrete can be:
At 100 ℃, pH value is 9～13, boiling 1.5～2h in percentage by weight 10%NaHCO3 or the NaOH alkali lye; Perhaps,
Hot cooking 1.5～5h 75～110 ℃ of temperature; Perhaps,
Be 8.0～9.5 at pH value, the alkali lye that temperature is 75～80 ℃ (NaHCO for example
3Or NaOH) soaks 12h in.
Described drying process is that described bamboo unit is carried out drying under 50～110 ℃, and moisture content is controlled 5～15%.
Carry out applying glue after the drying, the method for applying glue can be methods such as impregnation, glue spraying.
In the described impregnation operation, adhesive is other suitable adhesive of phenolic resins or performance, and impregnation resin content 3～8%, impregnation resin content are for example ratios of oven dry weight and the oven dry weight of bamboo unit of described resin of adhesive; And drying or ageing are to moisture content 5～15%.
After the applying glue, in the mold pressing assembly operation of step 5, with the described bamboo unit of applying glue in embossing grooves, along vertically be regardless of at rift grain level ground or by different level but the bamboo unit all along a vertical equidirectional composition slab, require along bamboo bundle, bamboo silk or thin thin bamboo strips used for weaving parallel longitudinal direction according to hollow rate, lay moulded rod, the axially parallel of described bamboo unit longitudinal direction and embossing grooves and moulded rod.
If the bamboo unit is bamboo bundle, then is hierarchically to mat formation, if use the bamboo unit of bamboo silk or thin bamboo strips used for weaving class, then can be regardless of level, part bamboo silk or thin bamboo strips used for weaving can described vertically on up and down bending extend.The bamboo silk had better not clump together in mating formation.
In mold pressing assembly operation, the described bamboo unit of applying glue is vertically laid in embossing grooves, carry out one section of juxtaposition at length direction, thus spreading mat formation, to increase the length of slab, reach required requirement.
In exerting pressure moulding, step 6 can adopt the mode of high frequency hot pressing or the pressurize of colding pressing baking to carry out glue molding.
Particularly, in step 6 is exerted pressure moulding, use the high-frequency heating top board, when being forced into 5～9Mpa vertically downward, stop pressurization, pressurize 10～40 minutes; The high frequency electric frequency is 8～14 megahertzes, and the two poles of the earth are the preferred 0.1～2m of the spacing between lower platen and the top board, pressurize 10～40 minutes.High-frequency heating apparatus connects industrial electrical network, uses conventional voltage and current.
In step 6 is exerted pressure moulding, with the mode of colding pressing, described bamboo unit after the applying glue is sent in the embossing grooves of press, apply 2.5～9MPa pressure, make the bamboo unit that the deformation extent of setting be arranged, the moulding bamboo of recombinating is fixed in the mould, keep this pressure, send drying room then to and carry out the curing of heat temperature, the drying room temperature is 50～120 ℃, and be 12h～168h hardening time.
Described moulded rod can be the moulded rod of rigidity, also can be the springform pressure bar, and for example described moulded rod is one or more in metal bar, wooden stick, aerating device, the plastic cement filler rod; Aerating device wherein can be, comprises a scalable air bag, which is provided with air inlet and exhaust outlet, on this air inlet and the exhaust outlet valve is set.Described scalable air bag for example can be rubber bag.In use, inflate in the air bag with aerating device, expand into until air bag and set shape formation moulded rod, will guarantee that simultaneously the pressure of this air bag can sustain applied pressure and temperature in the moulding of exerting pressure.
In step 7, the bamboo of will recombinating is taken out from mould, take out all or part of described mould rod with physical method simultaneously, be about to be compressed on the wooden stick in the reorganization bamboo, all or part of taking-up of low-density plastic cement filler rod molding jig rod, perhaps, will draw off as the air in the mould rod of aerating device and all take out this mould rod; Perhaps, all permanent landfill of wooden stick, low-density plastic cement filler rod being made of moulded rod is in the reorganization bamboo.
At last, the product after the step 7 can also be shaped to required shape.Hollow reorganization material provided by the invention can be used on building beam column, structural member, furniture and decoration material field.
The hollow reorganization bamboo of making by said method, comprise some bamboo unit of being discongested well-thought-out plan bundle, bamboo silk or tiny thin bamboo strips used for weaving form by the former bamboo section of preseting length along the longitudinal direction, in the slit of this bamboo unit, be provided with adhesive, making that each bamboo unit is bonding connects into plate-like reorganization material, it is characterized in that, in this reorganization material, vertically have a hole along described, non-filler in this hole, perhaps control is provided with filler.
The hole that arranges in hollow reorganization bamboo can be the hole that connects, and can be the hole that does not connect also, and the hole that does not connect is, if the two ends of hollow reorganization bamboo are pore-formings, inside can be solid construction, then vertically goes up and forms the hole of being interrupted.
In the application that Kong Weifei connects, this solid construction part can be to be made of the bamboo unit, also the mould bar construction can be set forever in the hole.
There are circular hole or irregularly-shaped hole in the inside of described hollow reorganization bamboo in the direction along bamboo fibre, and the big I in the position of circular hole or irregularly-shaped hole is as required in the inner setting arbitrarily of hollow reorganization material.
The manufacture method of hollow reorganization bamboo provided by the invention, can produce have high strength, deadweight is little, good stability, hollow rate is big, needed raw material is few, insulation, heat insulation, sound insulation, damping effect is good, impact resistance is strong, the hollow reorganization material of the advantage of easy construction.Satisfying under the prerequisite of structural mechanical property, hollow reorganization material provided by the invention improves the hollow rate of hollow reorganization bamboo to greatest extent, has excellent economy and applicability.
Below by drawings and Examples hollow reorganization bamboo provided by the invention and manufacture method thereof are elaborated.
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, is not limitation of the present invention, every any this area of carrying out according to the disclosure of invention be equal to replacement, all belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Description of drawings
The preseting length bamboo Duan Yuanzhu schematic diagram of Fig. 1 for choosing on demand.
Fig. 2 is for being processed into former bamboo in the schematic diagram of netted bamboo bundle.
Fig. 3 is for being processed into former bamboo in the schematic diagram that separates the bamboo bundle.
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram with former bamboo processing well-thought-out plan silk.
Fig. 5 is for being processed into former bamboo in the schematic diagram of thin bamboo strips used for weaving.
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of the mold slots on the used moulding press in the hollow reorganization bamboo provided by the invention moulding, and the top board on it is not shown.
Fig. 7 is bamboo unit assembly schematic diagram in embossing grooves.
Fig. 8 is the structural representation of bamboo unit vertical spreading assembly in the mold indent in assembly.
Fig. 9 is for to add the moulded rod schematic diagram at embossing grooves.
Figure 10 is the assembly structural representation of band moulded rod.
Figure 11 adds mold upper plate schematic diagram afterwards for the assembly structure as Figure 10.
Figure 12 is the schematic diagram in the mold pressing radio frequency gluing.
Figure 13 is the blank material schematic diagram of band moulded rod after the mold pressing.
Figure 14,15 is the hollow reorganization bamboo blank material schematic diagram behind the removal moulded rod.
Figure 16 is that the assembly that aerating device is set places the schematic diagram of mold slots moulding.
Figure 17 is the schematic diagram that the assembly of timber molding jig rod is set.
Figure 18 is the assembly schematic diagram of band low-density plastic cement filler rod.
Figure 19 is band moulded rod, timber, low-density plastic cement filler rod combination assembly schematic diagram.
Figure 20 is the permanent reorganization bamboo schematic diagram of filling of timber molding jig rod.
Figure 21 is the permanent reorganization bamboo schematic diagram of filling of filler rod molding jig rod.
Figure 22 is the hollow reorganization bamboo schematic diagram of composite wood, low-density plastic cement filler rod molding jig rod.
Figure 23～Figure 25 is hollow other embodiment schematic diagrames of reorganization bamboo finished product.
Number in the figure is as follows: 1. former bamboo; 2. netted bamboo is restrainted; 3. separate the bamboo bundle; 4. bamboo silk; 5. thin bamboo strips used for weaving; 6. embossing grooves; 7. side direction pressing plate; 8. moulding press base plate; 9. mold pressing backing plate/sheet; 10. moulded rod; 11. moulding press top board; 12. do not become section bar in the mold pressing radio frequency gluing; 13. the blank material of band moulded rod after the mold pressing; 14. the hollow reorganization bamboo blank material behind the removal moulded rod; 15. hollow hole; 16. hollow reorganization bamboo finished product; 17. aerating device; 18. aerating device gas port; 19. filling timber; 20. filler rod; 21. the permanent reorganization bamboo of filling of timber; 22. the permanent reorganization bamboo of filling of filler rod; 23. the hollow reorganization bamboo of composite wood, filler rod.
The specific embodiment
Hollow reorganization bamboo provided by the invention, it comprises some bamboo unit of being discongested well-thought-out plan bundle, bamboo silk or tiny thin bamboo strips used for weaving form by the former bamboo section of preseting length along the longitudinal direction, in the slit of this bamboo unit and between the adjacent bamboo unit, be provided with adhesive, making that each bamboo unit is bonding connects into plate-like reorganization material, has the hole along described longitudinal direction in this reorganization material.
Wherein the hole of She Zhiing is the hole that connects at described longitudinal direction, or the hole that does not connect.
The inside of described hollow reorganization bamboo is that hole or the cross section of arcuate flanks is polygonal hole in the hole along described longitudinal direction.The hole of arcuate flanks can be circular hole or slotted eye.Described polygonal hole can be rectangular opening or tri-angle-holed or hexagonal hole.
In hollow reorganization bamboo, hollow rate is not more than 80%.
Can be provided with filler in the described hole.Described filler in the described hole is timber or wood-based plate or plastics or rubber or metal bar or pipe, and this metal tube can be steel pipe.
On the cross section vertical with described longitudinal direction of hollow reorganization bamboo, the ratio of the area in described hole and the area of section of reorganization bamboo is 1/5～4/5.
A preferred embodiment of the manufacture method of hollow reorganization material of the present invention can be:
Take following process technology scheme:
The preparation of step 1. bamboo unit:
With bamboo be age the former bamboo 1 in 2 years～4 years for good, a fixed section back (see figure 1) is seen Fig. 3 by vertically discongesting the bamboo bundle 3(that former bamboo 1 is processed into the netted bamboo bundle (see figure 2) of certain specification or separates), bamboo silk 4(sees Fig. 4), thin bamboo strips used for weaving 5(sees Fig. 5).Described netted bamboo bundle will comparatively disperse, and is about under the highly identical situation, and the netted bamboo beam width that becomes evenly to distribute is difficult for conglomeration like this greater than more than 2 times of bamboo width before separating, if conglomeration can influence the postorder assembly, the diameter of netted bamboo bundle is 0.05～6mm; The bamboo bundle 3 of described separation, or single bamboo silk 4, diameter is 0.3～4mm, longitudinal length L 〉=0.5m; Or 5(is slightd in the bamboo processing well-thought-out plan sees Fig. 5) or through adding seam processing thin bamboo strips used for weaving, thin bamboo strips used for weaving is of a size of: thickness is 0.3～2mm, and width is 5～20mm, length L 〉=0.5m.
In order to reduce the hardness of bamboo bundle, bamboo silk or thin bamboo strips used for weaving, increase plasticity, need restraint bamboo, bamboo silk or thin bamboo strips used for weaving soften processing.The softening mode that adopts alkali lye boiling, hot cooking or emerge in worm water.
For example alkali lye boiling under 100 ℃ of conditions, is 9～13,10%NaHCO at pH value
3Or NaOH alkali lye boiling 1.5～2h.
The hot cooking is boiling 1.5～5h in 75～110 ℃ of hot water of temperature.
Emerge in worm water is, is 75～80 ℃ in temperature, and pH value is under 8.0～9.5 the alkali lye condition, soaks 12h.This alkali lye can be aforesaid NaHCO
3Or NaOH alkali lye, also can be the aqueous solution of other alkaline matter.
The softening effect of heat treatment is: 1) improve the plasticity of raw material, its better special-shaped assembly is filled, hollow machine-shaping is guaranteed the desired size of technology, shape and quality and is reduced the manufacturing power consumption; 2) after Overheating Treatment is softening, materials such as the starch in the bamboo wood, sugar, protein can be leached a part, be beneficial to the bamboo wood fungus-proof antisepsis; 3) be conducive to the removing of silt by poach; 4) reduce the internal stress of bamboo raw material, be beneficial to the stability of hollow reorganization bamboo.
Netted bamboo bundle, separation bamboo bundle, bamboo silk, processing thin bamboo strips used for weaving are carried out drying under 50～110 ℃, moisture content is controlled 5～15%.The selection of temperature is to decide according to unlike material and environment temperature, but the too high meeting of temperature charing influence mechanical strength, and too low meeting influence drying efficiency.
Adhesive is other suitable adhesive of phenolic resins or performance, and impregnation resin content is 3～8%, and this percentage is the oven dry weight of resin and the ratio of the oven dry weight of bamboo unit; And drying or ageing are to moisture content 5～15%.
To shown in Figure 12, the mould that assembly is used comprises moulding press base plate 8, two side direction pressing plates 7 that be arranged in parallel fixed thereon and top board 11 as Fig. 6.Base plate 8 and side direction pressing plate 7 are formed embossing grooves 6, as shown in Figure 6.With the netted bamboo bundle 2 of applying glue, separate bamboo bundle 3, bamboo silk 4 or add the seam bamboo and slight single ground, bamboo unit such as 5 or mix ground and be regardless of vertically along rift grain in the embossing grooves 6 of moulding press that level ground is equidirectional evenly mats formation, can in length staggered place A be arranged according to the required bamboo bundle etc. that makes, thereby with its spreading (see figure 8), reach Len req.
Along bamboo unit parallel longitudinal direction ground, distribute in the bamboo unit of assembly and lay moulded rod 10, according to required hollow shape and hollow rate, determine shape that moulded rod lays, quantity, size, locus etc.Hollow rate generally is no more than 80%.
After laying bamboo unit and moulded rod are finished in embossing grooves 6, add cap molding press top board 11, on the base plate 8 in embossing grooves 6 mold pressing backing plate/sheet 9 can be set, as shown in figure 10.
The assembly quality directly has influence on end product quality, because hollow mold pressing is shaped as and unconventionally mats formation, therefore, bamboo bundle or the thin thin bamboo strips used for weaving bigger clustering phenomena that do not have makes every effort to even.
Described bamboo unit is longitudinally laid, and intersects at length direction and mats formation, to strengthen the rift grain resistance to compression bending strength of hollow reorganization bamboo.
Described bamboo unit vertically, the rift grain direction,, moulded rod vertical with the embossing grooves direction of vertically mating formation is parallel to each other.
Described moulded rod 10 can be metal bar, wooden stick, aerating device for example inflated rubber bag, low-density plastic cement filler rod etc.
Be aerating device for moulded rod as shown in figure 16, its pipe 17 and aerating device import 18 of being made by some elastomeric materials is formed, when mating formation pipe 17 is put in the middle of the embossing grooves bamboo unit, the port of pipe 17 stretches out in the embossing grooves outside, connect aerating device import 18, inflate or topping up in high-pressure aerated device by aerating device import 18.The mould rod that institute's aerating device is made has the function of the easy demoulding, and these are prior art, does not give unnecessary details, and the demoulding for convenience can also be on the moulded rod surface with releasing agent.
The wooden stick 19 of described moulded rod, low-density plastic cement filler rod 20 can be permanent landfill in the reorganization bamboo, see Figure 17, Figure 18.In a reorganization bamboo, the kind of moulded rod can be single a kind of, also can be several mixed types that have, and sees Figure 19.
Slab is placed carry out mold pressing and high-frequency heating gummed between the electrode of high frequency press.When being forced into 5～9Mpa vertically downward with the high-frequency heating top board, stop pressurization, the high frequency electric frequency is 8～14 megahertzes, pressurize 10～40 minutes.
For guaranteeing the density of hollow reorganization bamboo, produce the cell tissue collapse the limit and to prevent bamboo wood when preventing from pressurizeing by conquassation, pressurization can be taked two-way pressurization (vertically with horizontal direction) (as shown in figure 12) or unidirectional vertical pressurization, carry out the segmentation pressurization in the vertical direction, namely along with the rising of temperature in the slab, pressure progressively strengthens, and finally reaches a fixed pressure.The two poles of the earth of high frequency alternating electric field act on the slab respectively, make bioactive molecule in the bamboo wood (mainly being hydrone) by electric field polarization, polarized molecule moves to the electrode of opposite polarity under the effect of electric field force, with other molecule phase mutual friction on every side, collision and produce heat energy.Direction of an electric field is with the continuous conversion of frequency, cause polar molecule in electric field, constantly to make high-frequency iterative motion, the heat energy that produces is also constantly absorbed by bamboo wood, adhesive, makes slab heating, adhesive generation polycondensation reaction and solidifies, thereby make the slab glue molding.The maximum spacing of two interpolars is preferably 1.8m.
Or with the mode of colding pressing, bamboo after applying glue bundle, bamboo silk, thin thin bamboo strips used for weaving are sent in the hopper of press, under 2.5～9MPa pressure, bamboo beam intensity system is expressed to a certain degree, with clamping spiral the moulding bamboo of recombinating is tightened and is fixed in the mould then, keep this pressure, send drying room then to and carry out the curing of heat temperature, the drying room temperature is 50～120 ℃, and the time is 12h～168h.
The bamboo 13 of will recombinating is taken out (seeing Figure 13) from mould, will be compressed on the mould rod 10 of reorganization in the bamboo with physical method simultaneously and take out, and just obtains having hollow 15 hollow reorganization bamboo blank 14(and sees Figure 14).
Later stage is processed into hollow reorganization bamboo by sanding, fixed-length cut-off, four side moulder etc. and becomes: 16(sees Figure 15).
Advantage of the present invention: 1) physical property is good.Hollow reorganization bamboo can be adjusted its density as required under the intensity that guarantees mechanics, can alleviate the quality of reorganization bamboo greatly, and maximum can alleviate 80%; Insulation, good, the excellent earthquake resistance of sound insulation value; Its compressive property is good, can not produce distortion; Because hollow existence, can reduce reorganization bamboo internal stress, the possibility of the bamboo cracking that reduces to recombinate.2) save material.Make the reorganization bamboo of equal volume, the used raw material of hollow reorganization bamboo will be far fewer than common reorganization bamboo, the corresponding minimizing of resin added, and as seen, aspect raw material, hollow reorganization bamboo also can reduce manufacturing cost greatly.3) reduce free formaldehyde release.Because under the same conditions, the resin adhesive amount that hollow reorganization bamboo is used will be far smaller than common reorganization bamboo, and maximum can reach 80%, thereby can reduce the burst size of free formaldehyde in the use of reorganization bamboo.4) improve serviceability.The density of existing common reorganization bamboo is for being about 1.0 g/cm because deadweight is bigger, thereby build, inconvenient operation aspect the furniture manufacturing use.The unit intensity of hollow reorganization bamboo is lower, therefore uses convenient at it at building, furniture manufacture view.5) permanent filling wooden stick, filler rod can improve its mechanical property.Permanent filling wooden stick, filler rod can strengthen in hollow reorganization bamboo mechanical property, can play prestressed effect.
Provide a specific embodiment below:
Embodiment 1:
Concrete step comprises:
(1) bamboo unit preparation
Choose bamboo and be age the former bamboo 1 in 2～4 years, be processed into the bamboo section, by the mode of vertically discongesting bamboo processing being become diameter is 1mm, the netted bamboo bundle 2 of length 4m.
(2) heat treatment is softening
With boiling 2h in the hot water of netted bamboo bundle under 100 ℃ of conditions of temperature, strengthen the plasticity of netted bamboo bundle 2, improve antiseptic property and stability.
(3) drying
Netted bamboo bundle 2 is placed dry kiln, carry out drying under 100 ℃, moisture content is controlled 8%
(4) impregnation
Adhesive is phenolic resins, and impregnation resin content is 5% the ratio of the oven dry weight of bamboo unit (oven dry weight of resin with); And drying or ageing are to moisture content 8%;
(5) assembly
Dried netted bamboo bundle 2 after the applying glue in the embossing grooves 6 of moulding press, is regardless of the equidirectional even composition slab in level ground along rift grain on vertically.
Along bamboo unit parallel longitudinal direction, distribute to lay moulded rod 10 in the bamboo unit of assembly, used moulded rod 10 has the metal bar of releasing agent for the surface.According to required hollow shape and hollow rate, the quantity that the decision moulded rod is laid, size, shape, locus etc.
(6) moulded glued
Slab is placed carry out mold pressing pressure and high-frequency heating gummed between the electrode of high frequency press.
Top board pressurizes vertically downward, when unit pressure reaches 2.1Mpa, stops pressurization, connects high frequency electric source and begins heating, and the high frequency electric frequency is 8 megahertzes, the spacing 0.5m of two interpolars.Pressurize 15 minutes, hydraulic-driven makes pressing plate reset then.
(7) demoulding
The bamboo of will recombinating is taken out from embossing grooves, and the mould rod 6 that will be compressed in the reorganization bamboo with physical method takes out simultaneously, just obtains hollow reorganization bamboo blank material 14.
(8) post-production
Later stage is processed into hollow reorganization bamboo finished product by sanding, fixed-length cut-off, four side moulder etc.
Embodiment 2:
(1) bamboo unit preparation
Choose bamboo and be age the former bamboo 1 in 2～4 years, be processed into the bamboo section, by the mode of vertically discongesting bamboo processing being become diameter is 1.5mm, the netted bamboo bundle 2 of length 5m.
(2) heat treatment is softening
With boiling 2h in the hot water of netted bamboo bundle under 98 ℃ of conditions of temperature, strengthen plasticity, antiseptic property and the stability of netted bamboo bundle 1.
(3) drying
Netted bamboo bundle is placed dry kiln, carry out drying under 100 ℃, moisture content is controlled 8%.
(4) impregnation
Adhesive is phenolic resins, and impregnation resin content is 5% the ratio of the oven dry weight of bamboo unit (oven dry weight of resin with); And drying or ageing are to moisture content 8%.
(5) assembly
Dried netted bamboo bundle after the applying glue in embossing grooves 6, is regardless of the equidirectional even composition slab in level ground along rift grain on vertically.
Along bamboo unit parallel longitudinal direction, distribute to lay moulded rod 10 in the bamboo unit of assembly, used moulded rod has the metal bar of releasing agent for the surface.According to required hollow shape and hollow rate, the quantity that the decision moulded rod is laid, size, shape, locus etc.
(6) moulded glued
With the mode of colding pressing, bamboo after applying glue bundle and thin thin bamboo strips used for weaving are sent in the hopper of press, under 3MPa pressure, bamboo beam intensity system is expressed to a certain degree, with clamping spiral the moulding bamboo of recombinating is tightened and is fixed in the mould then, keep this pressure, send drying room then to and carry out the curing of heat temperature, the drying room temperature is 70 ℃, solidifies 5～48h.
Post-order process is same as (7), (8) step among the embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3:
In embodiment 1,2, step (1) technology changes, and namely is that this example is discongested into the discrete bamboo bundle 3 that diameter is 2mm with the bamboo unit.Other steps are same as embodiment 1.
Embodiment 4:
In embodiment 1,2, step (1) technology changes, and namely is that diameter is discongested in the bamboo unit is 2mm bamboo silk 4 to this example.Other steps are same as embodiment 1.
In embodiment 1,2, (1) and (2) step is exchanged, namely be that the former bamboo 1 that this example elder generation realization will be processed the well-thought-out plan section is softened heat treatment, by the mode of vertically discongesting bamboo processing is become gauge mesh shape bamboo bundle 2 again.Other steps are same as embodiment 1,2.
In embodiment 1,2, softening process changes, namely be with the bamboo unit after discongesting under 100 ℃ of conditions, using pH value in softening heat treatment process is 10 10% NaOH alkali lye boiling 2h.Other steps are same as embodiment 1,2.
In embodiment 1,2, softening process changes, and namely is to be under 8.0 the alkali lye condition at pH value with the bamboo unit after discongesting, and soaks 12h when 75～80 ℃ of temperature.Other steps are same as embodiment 1,2.
In embodiment 1,2, carry out process reform with (5), along bamboo unit parallel longitudinal direction, distribute in the bamboo unit of assembly and lay moulded rod 10, moulded rod is wooden stick 19.The bamboo of will recombinate is taken out from embossing grooves behind assembly, gummed, is filled in that 21(sees Figure 17 in the bamboo of recombinating with the mold pressing wooden stick is permanent simultaneously).Other steps are same as embodiment 1,2.
In embodiment 1,2, carry out process reform with (5), along bamboo unit parallel longitudinal direction, distribute to lay aerating device 17(in the bamboo unit of assembly and see Figure 16), earlier to aerating device inflation inlet 18 inflations of high pressure, make and stretch the gas tube expansion and have enough hardness to use the pressure of compression molding, again slab is carried out mold pressing, simultaneously it is carried out high-frequency heating, to solidify the adhesive in the bamboo unit.Earlier the gases at high pressure in the scalable gas tube are shed and can take out aerating device from reorganization bamboo blank in the time of the demoulding.Other steps are same as embodiment 1,2.
By the hollow reorganization of the basis bamboo that above-described embodiment is made, to shown in Figure 25, the size in hole can be identical, also can be different as Figure 22, and hole count can be one, also can be several.In the hole, can keep whole moulded rods, also can the reserve part moulded rod.
In the present embodiment, in the reorganization bamboo, the hole that does not connect is set.It is, of hollow reorganization bamboo described vertically on, constitute the hole in the inward at both ends one set depth scope, inside is solid construction.This solid section can be to be made of the bamboo unit, mould rod or filler also can forever be set in the hole constitute.Described filler in the described hole can be rod or the pipe of timber or wood-based plate or plastics or rubber or metal.The cross sectional shape in hole wherein can be circular, oval, also can be polygon, as rectangular opening or tri-angle-holed or hexagonal hole.
Other structures are identical with previous embodiment with preparation method.
In structural material, make material internal form the hole, with this weight reduction, to save examples of material a lot, concrete component for example.But, but there is not such precedent in reorganization bamboo field, trace it to its cause, be:
1. the cost of bamboo own is lower, though hollow recombination form saves material, because the bamboo wood price is lower, can not bring very big raw material benefit several years ago.Along with the price of bamboo wood is more and more higher, green utilizes the theory of bamboo wood to propose, and efficient low-consume utilizes bamboo wood to become main flow, and therefore, hollow reorganization bamboo arises.
2. hollow reorganization bamboo is not only saved bamboo wood, also significantly reduces the use to adhesive, has reduced the release of pernicious gases such as formaldehyde, and people pay attention to the intensity of material itself more and ignored environmental protection before this.
3. there is not the corresponding production technology that vertically becomes sky of exploitation.
4. bamboo itself is exactly hollow, and bamboo wood is made sheet material, and the main research direction of the industry is to do solid material.When doing solid material, do not expect making hollow-core construction in the industry, belong to due to the industry technology prejudice.
The present invention changes the prejudice of prior art, has designed hollow reorganization bamboo, and very big advantage is arranged on economic benefit and social benefit.Make and occurred a kind of new outstanding bamboo wood kind in the bamboo and wood materials family again.
Claims (10)
1. hollow reorganization bamboo, it is characterized in that: comprise some bamboo unit of being discongested well-thought-out plan bundle, bamboo silk or tiny thin bamboo strips used for weaving form by the former bamboo section of preseting length along the longitudinal direction, in the slit of this bamboo unit and between the adjacent bamboo unit, be provided with adhesive, making that each bamboo unit is bonding connects into plate-like reorganization material, it is characterized in that in this reorganization material, having the hole along described longitudinal direction.
2. hollow reorganization bamboo according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the hole of She Zhiing wherein is the hole that connects at described longitudinal direction, or the hole that does not connect; Perhaps,
The inside of described hollow reorganization bamboo is that hole or the cross section of arcuate flanks is polygonal hole in the hole along described longitudinal direction; Perhaps,
In hollow reorganization bamboo, hollow rate is not more than 80%; Perhaps,
Be provided with filler in the described hole; Perhaps,
On the cross section vertical with described longitudinal direction of hollow reorganization bamboo, the ratio of the area in described hole and the area of section of reorganization bamboo is 1/5～4/5.
3. hollow reorganization bamboo according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: the hole of arcuate flanks is circular hole or slotted eye; Perhaps,
Described polygonal hole is rectangular opening or tri-angle-holed or hexagonal hole; Perhaps,
Described filler in the described hole is rod or the pipe of timber or wood-based plate or plastics or rubber or metal.
4. bamboo making method of hollow reorganization has following steps:
Step 1: the bamboo unit of the former bamboo section of preseting length being discongested along the longitudinal direction well-thought-out plan bundle, bamboo silk or thin bamboo strips used for weaving form;
Step 2: the bamboo unit that step 1 is made softens processing;
Perhaps,
Step 1: the former bamboo section of preseting length is softened processing;
Step 2: the bamboo unit that the former bamboo section that the process of step 1 is softening is discongested well-thought-out plan bundle, bamboo silk or thin bamboo strips used for weaving form along the longitudinal direction;
Then,
Step 3: the bamboo unit that step 2 is made carries out drying;
Step 4: dried bamboo unit is carried out applying glue;
Step 5: mated formation in the embossing grooves of molding die in the bamboo unit after the applying glue, in the middle of each bamboo unit, lay and accompany moulded rod, make this moulded rod be embedded in the described bamboo unit, the parallel longitudinal of the axis of this moulded rod and described bamboo unit;
Step 6: to the product of step 5 forming operation of exerting pressure;
Step 7: the demoulding, the described moulded rod of all or part of taking-up or allow all described moulded rods forever be retained in wherein namely becomes hollow reorganization bamboo provided by the invention.
5. the bamboo making method of hollow reorganization according to claim 4 is characterized in that: described bamboo unit is netted bamboo bundle or discrete bamboo bundle, and the diameter of bamboo bundle is 0.05～6mm, longitudinal length L 〉=0.5m; Perhaps and, the netted bamboo bundle of described netted bamboo bundle for disperseing, namely under the identical situation of the height of netted bamboo bundle, the netted bamboo beam width that becomes evenly to distribute is greater than more than 2 times of bamboo width before separating; Perhaps,
Described bamboo unit is the bamboo silk, and diameter is 0.3～4mm, longitudinal length L 〉=0.5m; Perhaps,
Thin bamboo strips used for weaving is handled for the bamboo processing well-thought-out plan being slightd or being added seam in described bamboo unit, and be of a size of: thickness is 0.3～2mm, and width is 5～20mm, longitudinal length L 〉=0.5m.
6. according to claim 4 or the bamboo making method of 5 described hollow reorganization, it is characterized in that: described softening to be treated to heat treatment softening:
At 100 ℃, pH value is 9～13, the NaHCO of percentage by weight 10%
3Or boiling 1.5～2h in the NaOH alkali lye; Perhaps,
Hot cooking 1.5～5h 75～110 ℃ of temperature; Perhaps,
Be 8.0～9.5 at pH value, soak 12h in the alkali lye that temperature is 75～80 ℃.
7. according to claim 4 or the bamboo making method of 5 or 6 described hollow reorganization, it is characterized in that: described drying process is that described bamboo unit is carried out drying under 50～110 ℃, and moisture content is controlled 5～15%; And/or,
In the impregnation operation of described step 4, adhesive is phenolic resins, and impregnation resin content 3～8%, impregnation resin content are the oven dry weight of adhesive and the ratio of the oven dry weight of bamboo unit; Behind the impregnation and drying or ageing to moisture content 5～15%.
8. according to claim 4 or the bamboo making method of 5 or 6 or 7 described hollow reorganization, it is characterized in that: in the mold pressing assembly operation of step 5, with the described bamboo unit of applying glue in embossing grooves, along rift grain vertically be regardless of level ground or by different level but the bamboo unit all along a vertical equidirectional composition slab, require along bamboo bundle, bamboo silk or thin thin bamboo strips used for weaving parallel longitudinal direction according to hollow rate, lay moulded rod, the axially parallel of described bamboo unit longitudinal direction and embossing grooves and moulded rod; And/or,
In mold pressing assembly operation, the described bamboo unit of applying glue is vertically laid in embossing grooves, carry out one section of juxtaposition at length direction, thus spreading mat formation, to increase the length of slab, reach required requirement.
9. according to claim 4 or 5 or 6 or the 7 or 8 bamboo making methods of described hollow reorganization, it is characterized in that: described moulded rod is one or more in metal bar, wooden stick, aerating device, the plastic cement filler rod; And/or,
In step 6 is exerted pressure moulding, when being forced into 5～9Mpa vertically downward with the high-frequency heating top board, stop pressurization, the high frequency electric frequency is 8～14 megahertzes, the two poles of the earth are the spacing 0.1～2m between lower platen and the top board, pressurize 10～40 minutes; Perhaps,
Described bamboo unit after the applying glue is sent in the embossing grooves of press and carry out step 5, in step 6 is exerted pressure moulding, with the mode of colding pressing, apply 2.5～9MPa pressure, make the bamboo unit that the deformation extent of setting be arranged, the moulding bamboo of recombinating is fixed in the mould, keep this pressure, send drying room then to and carry out the curing of heat temperature, the drying room temperature is 50～120 ℃, and the time is 12h～168h.
10. the bamboo making method of hollow reorganization according to claim 9, it is characterized in that: in step 7, the bamboo of will recombinating is taken out from molding die, take out all or part of described mould rod simultaneously, be about to be compressed on the wooden stick in the reorganization bamboo, all or part of taking-up of low-density plastic cement filler rod molding jig rod, perhaps, will draw off as the air in the mould rod of high-pressure aerated device and all take out this mould rod; Perhaps, all permanent landfill of wooden stick, low-density plastic cement filler rod being made of moulded rod is in this reorganization bamboo; And/or,
Described aerating device comprises a scalable air bag or pipe, which is provided with air inlet and exhaust outlet, on this air inlet and the exhaust outlet valve is set.
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