JP5550080B2 - Method for producing molded body of plant material and molded body of plant material - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for producing a molded body of plant material and a molded body of plant material.

For interior parts such as automobiles, for example, steering wheels, shift knobs, and instrument panels, wood grain ornaments are employed.
Such a wood grain decorative article is formed, for example, by sticking a wood-tone resin sheet to a decorative part and performing resin coating or the like on the surface. For this reason, although it is called wood grain, in fact, from the viewpoint of strength, dimensional stability, weather resistance, etc., wood grain decoration is applied to the interior parts by attaching a wood grain pattern to the resin. However, in recent years, there has been a demand to reduce the use of resin materials (plastic materials) that use petroleum as a raw material due to growing environmental awareness, and the use of plant-based materials such as wood and bamboo is being studied.

JP 2008-36941 A JP 2010-155393 A

  Therefore, as a method for producing a wood grain decorative product using a plant-based material, there is a production method for supplying a plant-based material to a mold and expressing the fluidity of the plant-based material by hot pressing with the mold to obtain a molded body. It has been devised (for example, see Patent Documents 1 and 2).

  By the way, according to the method for producing a molded body of plant material described in the above patent document, the molded body is manufactured by backward extrusion molding. For this reason, in the plant material molded body manufacturing method described in the above-mentioned patent document, it is difficult to align the fiber directions of the fibers contained in the plant material in the entire molded body. Therefore, since the fiber directions of the entire molded body are not aligned, the mechanical properties of the molded body are not uniform. Therefore, there has been a demand for a method for producing a molded body of plant material and a molded body of plant material that have uniform mechanical properties. This problem is not limited to automobiles, but also exists in products that are decorated with wood.

  The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a molded body of a plant material and a molded body of a plant material that can produce a molded body having uniform mechanical properties. It is to provide.

Hereinafter, means for achieving the above-described object and its operation and effects will be described.
According to the first aspect of the present invention, a plant material having fibers is supplied as a raw material to a mold, and fluidity is expressed in the plant material by hot pressing with the mold, whereby a molded body is manufactured. In the method for producing a molded body of a plant-based material, before pressing, the fiber material of the plant-based material is perpendicular to the extrusion direction in which the plant-based material is extruded at the time of pressing in the same plane as the mold. The side that fills the plant-based material while flowing through the inflow port in the molding space extending laterally with respect to the pressing direction by applying a load to the plant-based material that is arranged and pressing the plant-based material The gist of the invention is to produce the molded body by side extrusion molding.

  According to this configuration, the side extrusion is adopted as a method of manufacturing the molded body, and the plant material is arranged with the fiber direction and the extrusion direction of the plant material orthogonal to each other. When filling, the fiber direction of the plant-based material can be orthogonal to the inflow direction of the plant-based material into the molding space. Therefore, it is possible to produce a molded body of plant material having uniform mechanical properties. Here, the term “perpendicular” between the fiber direction and the extrusion direction includes the case where the fiber direction and the extrusion direction intersect at an angle slightly inclined.

  Invention of Claim 2 is the manufacturing method of the molded object of the plant-type material of Claim 1, The width | variety of the press part which presses the said plant-type material supplied to the said metal mold | die, The said plant-type material is The gist is that the width of the inlet of the molding space when flowing from the pressing portion into the molding space is the same.

  According to this configuration, since the pressing portion and the inflow port have the same width, the plant-based material pressed by the pressing portion is extruded from the inflow port into the mold forming space with the same width. For this reason, when the plant-based material is extruded from the inflow port into the mold forming space, the fiber direction is not changed, and the fiber is extruded into the mold while maintaining the state in which the fibers are arranged. Therefore, it is possible to produce a molded body of plant material having uniform mechanical properties.

  Invention of Claim 3 is a molded object manufacturing method of the plant-type material of Claim 1 or 2, The said plant-type material is a some board | plate material processed into plate shape, Comprising: Before the said press, The gist of the invention is that the plate materials are laminated and disposed in the mold so that the fiber directions thereof are in the same direction.

According to this configuration, since the plant-based material is a plate material, the fibers remain even after cutting.
The invention according to claim 4 is the plant material manufacturing method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the plant material is impregnated with an additive in advance, and the plant material The gist of the invention is to cause a flow phenomenon caused by a change in position between cells in the plant material by being hot-press molded.

  According to this configuration, since the plant material is impregnated with the additive, the additive tends to cause a flow phenomenon of the plant material during hot-press molding, and the molding is performed while maintaining the state in which the fibers are aligned. The body can be manufactured. Therefore, it is possible to produce a molded body of plant material having uniform mechanical properties.

  The invention according to claim 5 is a plant-based material manufactured by supplying a plant-based material having fibers as a raw material to a mold, and producing fluidity in the plant-based material by hot pressing with the mold. In the molded body, before pressing, the plant-based material is disposed in the mold so that the fiber direction of the plant-based material is orthogonal to the extrusion direction in which the plant-based material is extruded at the time of pressing. It is manufactured by lateral extrusion that fills the plant-based material while flowing into a mold-forming space extending laterally with respect to the pressing direction by pressing the plant-based material with a load. It is a summary.

  According to the same configuration, the side extrusion is adopted, and the plant material is arranged with the fiber direction and the extrusion direction of the plant material orthogonal to each other. Therefore, when filling the mold molding space with the plant material, The fiber direction of the material can be orthogonal to the inflow direction of the plant-based material into the molding space. Therefore, it becomes possible to obtain a molded body of plant material having uniform mechanical properties. Here, the term “perpendicular” between the fiber direction and the pressing direction includes a case where the fiber direction and the pressing direction intersect at a slightly inclined angle.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to obtain a molded body of a plant material having uniform mechanical properties.

(A) Sectional drawing which shows the structure and board | plate material of the molded object manufacturing apparatus of plant-type material, (b) The upper side figure which shows the lower mold | type and board | plate material of the molded object manufacturing apparatus of plant-type material. The top view which shows the molded object manufactured from the board | plate material which is plant-type material. The schematic diagram which shows the fiber direction of a plant-type material, a radial direction, and a tangent direction. The top view which shows the fiber direction of the plant-type material processed into plate shape. The top view which shows the state pressed from the radial direction of the plant-type material processed into plate shape. The cross-sectional enlarged view of the molded object manufacturing apparatus of a plant-type material which shows the compression process of a plant-type material. The cross-sectional enlarged view of the molded object manufacturing apparatus of the plant-type material which shows the flow process of plant-type material. The figure which shows the pressure and compression amount of the molded object manufacturing apparatus of plant-type material.

Hereinafter, an embodiment embodying a method for producing a molded body of a plant-based material and a molded body according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
As FIG. 1 shows, the molded object manufacturing apparatus 1 of a present Example uses a cedar as a plant-type material, and uses the disk-shaped board | plate material 2 as a raw material. The plate material 2 is set in a mold 10 that is a main body portion of the molded body manufacturing apparatus 1. The plate member 2 is impregnated with about 40% of low molecular phenol resin in advance with respect to the dry weight. Further, the plate material 2 is cured in a constant temperature and humidity, and adjusted so that the water content is about 10%.

  The molded body manufacturing apparatus 1 includes a mold 10 in which a mold molding space 12 serving as a mold of the molded body is formed, and a pressing portion 19 that presses the supplied raw material and pushes it out into the mold molding space 12. The mold 10 includes a lower mold 13 and an upper mold 14 that can be divided into upper and lower portions, and a mold forming space 12 is provided between the lower mold 13 and the upper mold 14. The mold forming space 12 is formed on the upper surface of the lower mold 13 in contact with the lower surface of the upper mold 14 and is a plate-shaped rectangular parallelepiped. In addition, if this lower mold | type 13 is replaced | exchanged, it is possible to manufacture the molded object 3 of a different shape.

  The pressing part 19 is provided with a cylindrical punch 11 and a cylinder 15 that reciprocates the punch 11 up and down in the housed state. The pressing portion 19 is a cylinder portion that presses the plate member 2 set on the cylinder 15 with the punch 11 and is formed to protrude upward. The cylinder 15 is formed with a cylindrical through-hole 16 that penetrates from the upper end to the lower end of the upper die 14 and is connected to the left end portion 12 a of the molding space 12. That is, the left end portion 12 a of the molding space 12 forms a part of the cylinder 15. An opening formed by the right end portion 16a of the through hole 16 and the molding space 12 serves as an inflow port 17 into which the raw material flows.

  The plate material 2 supplied into the through hole 16 of the cylinder 15 is installed at the left end portion 12 a of the mold forming space 12. The plate member 2 installed in the mold forming space 12 is pushed by the punch 11 while flowing from the inlet 17 to the mold forming space 12 to form the formed body 3. The upper die 14 is provided with a rod-shaped heater 18 for heating the die 10. At the time of manufacturing the molded body 3, the mold 10 is heated to 120 to 170 ° C. by the heater 18.

  The diameter Db of the plate material 2 is set slightly smaller than the diameter Da of the through hole 16 of the cylinder 15 (Db <Da). For this reason, the plate member 2 can be easily installed in the through hole 16 of the cylinder 15. The diameter Da of the through hole 16 and the width W of the inflow port 17 are set to the same size (W = Da). For this reason, the pressed raw material is extruded into the mold (molding space 12) while maintaining its width while being compressed. The diameter Da of the through hole 16 corresponds to the diameter of the cylinder 15. The diameter Da of the through hole 16 corresponds to the diameter of the cylinder 15.

  The outer diameter of the punch 11 is the same as the diameter Da of the through hole 16. The length of the portion inserted into the through hole 16 of the punch 11 is the same as the length of the through hole 16 of the upper mold 14. The length in the longitudinal direction of the molding space 12 is set to be larger than the size of the pressing surface of the pressing portion 19 and the bottom surface of the punch 11 (diameter Da).

  The molded body manufacturing apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment compresses the plate material 2 by causing the punch 11 to press the raw material plate material 2 in which a plurality of sheets supplied to the cylinder 15 are stacked, and develops fluidity to flow. The molded material 3 having the shape of the mold molding space 12 is manufactured by extruding the material exhibiting the properties from the inlet 17 into the mold molding space 12. The molded body manufacturing apparatus 1 manufactures the molded body 3 by lateral extrusion molding in which the pressing direction P1 is the downward direction in the figure while the extrusion direction P2 is lateral, that is, the right direction in the figure.

  Here, as shown in FIG. 3, in trees such as cedar, the fibers are lined up so as to appear on the surface of the plate or the surface of the screen. A direction in which the fibers extend is defined as a fiber direction L. The grain surface is a surface obtained by cutting a tree parallel to the fiber direction and does not include the central axis. The grid surface is a surface obtained by cutting a tree in parallel with the fiber direction and including the central axis. In addition, the direction in which fibers appearing on the end of the tree, which is a surface obtained by cutting a tree perpendicular to the fiber direction L, is referred to as a tangential direction T, and the direction in which annual rings are formed perpendicular to the tangential direction T is referred to as a radial direction R.

As shown in FIG. 4, the plate material 2 used in the present embodiment is cut along the plate surface or the cell surface. For this reason, the fiber direction L of the board | plate material 2 can be confirmed.
As shown in FIG. 5, when this plate member 2 is pressed from above without being placed on a mold or the like, it is perpendicular to the fiber direction L and easily flows in the tangential direction T, which is the direction in which the fibers are arranged. It can be seen that it is difficult to flow in the fiber direction L. Therefore, when the raw material is supplied to the molded body manufacturing apparatus 1, as shown in FIG. 1 (b), the fiber direction of the inlet 17 and the plate material 2 is set so that the fiber direction L is orthogonal to the extrusion direction P2. A plurality of plate members 2 are stacked and installed so that L is parallel.

Next, a method for producing a molded body of plant material will be described with reference to FIGS.
First, the board | plate material 2 which impregnated the low molecular phenol resin and adjusted so that the moisture content might be about 10% is prepared. Then, a plurality of plate materials 2 are laminated and installed in the through hole 16 of the cylinder 15 so that the fiber direction L of the plate material 2 is parallel to the extrusion direction P2. The number of plate members 2 is changed in accordance with the size of the molded body 3 to be manufactured, that is, the size of the molding space 12.

  Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 6, the punch 11 is placed in the through-hole 16 of the cylinder 15 to pressurize it. At this time, the molded body manufacturing apparatus 1 heats the mold 10 to 120 to 170 ° C. by the heater 18. The molded body manufacturing apparatus 1 first moves the punch 11 at a constant moving speed until the molding pressure is reached, and performs holding pressure at the molding pressure for a certain time, for example, 3 minutes. The molding pressure is preferably 20 to 120 MPa.

  As shown in FIG. 7, the compressed plate material 2 flows due to a macroscopic large deformation due to relative slip deformation between cells constituting the wood, and is extruded into the molding space 12. Molded into the shape of the molding space 12.

The molded body manufacturing apparatus 1 unloads the pressurization of the punch 11 and cools the mold 10 when a certain time has elapsed. The molded body manufacturing apparatus 1 releases the molded body 3 when the mold 10 is cooled.
Now, in this example, since the plate material 2 is installed so that the fiber direction L of the plate material 2 is orthogonal to the extrusion direction P2, the state in which the fibers are arranged is maintained as shown in FIG. The molded body 3 is molded as it is extruded into the mold forming space 12 and the fiber directions are aligned. Since the molded body 3 has uniform fiber directions, the mechanical properties are uniform. In the molded body 3 of this example, the mechanical strength in the tangential direction T is about 100 MPa, which is equivalent to the mechanical strength of about 100 MPa such as ABS resin and polycarbonate.

As described above, according to the embodiment described above, the following effects can be obtained.
(1) Side extrusion is adopted as a method of manufacturing the molded body 3, and the plate 2 supplied to the mold 10 is placed in the pressing direction P1 so that the fiber direction L of the plate 2 is orthogonal to the extrusion direction P2 in the same plane. On the other hand, it is pushed to the side. Since the plate material 2 having fibers has high fluidity in the direction orthogonal to the fiber direction L, the plate material 2 can be efficiently extruded into the mold forming space 12 and filled. Then, the raw material is extruded into the mold forming space 12 while maintaining the state in which the fibers are arranged, and the fiber direction L of the molded body 3 is aligned. Therefore, it is possible to produce a molded body 3 having uniform mechanical properties.

  (2) Since the diameter Da of the through hole 16 of the cylinder 15 to which the plate material 2 is pressed and the width W of the inflow port 17 into which the raw material flows are the same, the plate material 2 pressed by the cylinder 15 remains the same width W. It is extruded from the inlet 17 into the mold forming space 12. For this reason, when the plate material 2 is extruded from the inlet 17 into the mold forming space 12, the fiber direction L is not changed, and the fiber 2 is extruded into the mold forming space 12 while maintaining the aligned state. Are aligned in the fiber direction L. Therefore, it is possible to produce a molded body 3 having uniform mechanical properties.

(3) Since the board | plate material 2 is laminated | stacked, it is the state in which the fiber remained even if it cut out.
(4) Since the sheet material 2 is impregnated with the additive, the additive tends to cause a flow phenomenon of the sheet material 2 during hot-pressure molding, and the molded body 3 is manufactured while maintaining the state in which the fiber directions L are aligned. can do. Therefore, it is possible to produce a molded body 3 having uniform mechanical properties.

In addition, the said embodiment can be implemented with the following forms which changed this suitably.
In the above embodiment, the diameter Da of the through hole 16 of the cylinder 15 and the width W of the inflow port 17 are the same, but the width W of the inflow port 17 may be reduced. If it does in this way, the quantity which a raw material flows can be controlled and it can refine. Therefore, the molded body 3 can be homogenized.

  In the above embodiment, the length of the punch 11 is adjusted so that the circular shape of the cylinder 15 remains in the molded body 3, but the length of the punch 11 is set to the bottom of the cylinder 15, that is, up to the mold forming space 12. Alternatively, the circular shape of the cylinder 15 may not remain.

In the above embodiment, the cylindrical punch 11 is adopted, but a polygonal punch 11 such as a quadrangular prism may be adopted. In this case, the shape of the through hole 16 is the same as that of the punch 11.
In the above embodiment, the plate material 2 is impregnated with about 40% low molecular phenol resin in advance with respect to the dry weight, but is not limited to about 40% with respect to the dry weight.

In the above embodiment, the raw material plate material 2 is impregnated with the phenol resin, but not limited to the phenol resin, the raw material may be impregnated with a thermosetting resin such as an ABS resin.
In the above embodiment, the plate-like plate material 2 is adopted as the raw material, but not limited to the plate material 2, a massive raw material may be adopted. As long as it is a massive raw material, it may be used alone or in two or more.

In the above embodiment, cedar is adopted as the plant material, but other trees and bamboo such as beech and bush other than cedar may be adopted.
In the above embodiment, the molding space 12 is not necessarily formed in a direction perpendicular to the pressing direction P <b> 1 by the punch 11, and includes a slight inclination.

  -In the said embodiment, it is not limited to the structure pressed with the cylinder 15. FIG.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Molded object manufacturing apparatus, 2 ... Plate material, 3 ... Molded object, 10 ... Mold, 11 ... Punch, 12 ... Mold forming space, 13 ... Lower mold, 14 ... Upper mold, 15 ... Cylinder, 16 ... Through-hole, DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 17 ... Inlet, 18 ... Heater, 19 ... Press part, Da ... Diameter of through-hole of press part, Db ... Diameter of board | plate material, L ... Fiber direction, P1 ... Press direction, P2 ... Extrusion direction, R ... Radiation direction, T ... tangential direction, W ... width of the inlet.

Claims (5)

In a method for producing a molded body of a plant-based material in which a plant-based material is produced by supplying a plant-based material having fibers as a raw material to a mold and causing the plant-based material to exhibit fluidity by hot pressing with the mold. ,
Prior to pressing, the plant material is arranged in the mold so that the fiber direction of the plant material is orthogonal to the extrusion direction in which the plant material is extruded during pressing, and the plant takes the arrangement. The molded body is manufactured by lateral extrusion molding in which a plant material is filled while flowing into a molding space extending laterally with respect to the pressing direction by applying a load to the system material and pressing it. The manufacturing method of the molded object of the plant-type material characterized by the above-mentioned. The width of the pressing portion that presses the plant-based material supplied to the mold, and the width of the inlet of the mold-forming space when the plant-based material flows into the molding space from the pressing portion, It is formed in the same magnitude | size. The molded object manufacturing method of the plant-type material of Claim 1 characterized by the above-mentioned. The plant-based material is a plurality of plate materials processed into a plate shape, and is laminated in the mold so that the fiber directions of the plate materials are in the same direction before the pressing. The manufacturing method of the molded object of the plant-type material of Claim 1 or 2 to do. The plant-based material is impregnated with an additive in advance, and the plant-based material is hot-pressed to generate a flow phenomenon due to a positional change between cells in the plant-based material. The manufacturing method of the molded object of the plant-type material as described in any one of Claims 1-3. In a molded body of a plant material that is supplied to a mold using a plant-based material having fibers as a raw material, and is produced by exhibiting fluidity in the plant-based material by hot pressing with the mold,
Prior to pressing, the plant material is arranged in the mold so that the fiber direction of the plant material is orthogonal to the extrusion direction in which the plant material is extruded during pressing, and the plant takes the arrangement. A plant system produced by lateral extrusion molding in which a plant material is filled while flowing into a molding space extending laterally with respect to the pressing direction by applying a load to the system material and pressing it. Molded material.

Images