CN103182106A - Dialysate storage device, dialysis device with dialysate storage device, and dialysate adjusting method - Google Patents

Dialysate storage device, dialysis device with dialysate storage device, and dialysate adjusting method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103182106A
CN103182106A CN2011104440967A CN201110444096A CN103182106A CN 103182106 A CN103182106 A CN 103182106A CN 2011104440967 A CN2011104440967 A CN 2011104440967A CN 201110444096 A CN201110444096 A CN 201110444096A CN 103182106 A CN103182106 A CN 103182106A
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dialysis solution
solution
dialysis
chamber
waste liquid
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CN103182106B (en
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佐藤政昭
柚木雅之
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Med Tech Inc
Meditech KK
Asahi Kasei Medical Co Ltd
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Meditech KK
Asahi Kasei Medical Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of dialysis systems. The invention provides a dialysate storage device. The dialysate storage device comprises at least two chambers; each chamber is internally provided with a partition wall for separating the chamber into a dialysate area and a waste liquid area; each partition wall can move in the related chamber so as to change the volume of the dialysate area and that of the waste liquid waste; the dialysate storage device also comprises a dialysate channel and a waste liquid channel which are respectively connected with the dialysate areas and the liquid waste areas; and valves for controlling the on-off state of each channel are also arranged on each channel. The invention also discloses a dialysis device with the dialysate storage device, and a dialysate adjusting method. By the adoption of the dialysate storage device, the dialysis device with the dialysate storage device, and the dialysate adjusting method, the incoming and outgoing balance of the amount of the dialysate provided for a dialyzer and that of the amount of the used dialysate discharged from the dialyzer can be controlled easily and precisely.

Description

Dialysis solution stowage arrangement and have the dialysis apparatus of this dialysis solution stowage arrangement and dialysis solution is transferred the liquid method
Technical field
The present invention relates to the dialysis system technical field, relate in particular to a kind of dialysis solution stowage arrangement and have dialysis apparatus and the dialysis solution accent liquid method of this dialysis solution stowage arrangement.
Background technology
If nephrotic's renal function completely loses or only some works, electrolyte in its body begins disequilibrium, in addition, refuse is assembled in blood, rather than along with urine excretes together, can cause very big infringement to patient's life like this, thereby need carry out dialysis treatment to the nephrotic.Employed haemodialysis control unit comprises dialyser and dialysis apparatus in the dialysis treatment, make blood by allowing small-molecule substance (as electrolyte in the concrete therapeutic process, micromolecule kidney toxin) dialyser of being made by semipermeable membrane that passes through, make blood in a side of film, dialysis solution is at the opposite side of film, the solution of both sides is by disperse, osmosis, be that solute is by the high low side flow of a side direction concentration of concentration, allow the micromolecule kidney toxin in the blood be penetrated in the dialysis solution, electrolyte also can reach balance by osmosis, thereby reaches the purpose of blood purification.And being the dialysis solution that will prepare, dialysis apparatus provides to dialyser, and the corollary equipment that used useless dialysis solution is reclaimed and discharges from dialyser.
The main composition of dialysis machine of the prior art as shown in Figure 9, dialysis machine comprises by the dialysis solution chamber 702 of the first dialysis liquid pump 705 to the clean dialysis solution of dialyser 701 supply; Collect the waste liquid chamber 703 of the used dialysis solution that has passed through dialyser 701 by the second dialysis liquid pump 706; Static organ 704, it is by comparing the used dialysis solution in the clean dialysis solution in the dialysis solution chamber 702 and the waste liquid chamber 703, thereby keeps the supply of dialysis solution and the balance between revenue and expenditure of collecting amount; Blood pump 707, it is used for patients'blood is supplied to dialyser 701.In the above-mentioned dialysis machine, enter the clean dialysis solution of dialyser and the balance between revenue and expenditure of the used dialysis solution of discharging from dialyser realizes by static organ 704.Therefore, for static organ 704, this needs complicated control structure, and control accuracy and stability are also relatively poor.
In addition, in Japanese kokai publication hei 06-197956, also related to the technology aspect this, but in this technology, adopted sensor that this balance between revenue and expenditure is controlled.The same control stability of this kind control is poor, can't reach the fully accurately break-even purpose of control.And when the control that can't reach expection requires, will influence therapeutic effect, even jeopardize patient's life.
Summary of the invention
Therefore the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of break-even dialysis solution stowage arrangement of amount of the used dialysis solution that the dialysis solution that provides to dialyser can simply, accurately be provided and discharge from dialyser and dialysis apparatus and the dialysis solution with this dialysis solution stowage arrangement to transfer the liquid method.
For achieving the above object, technical scheme of the present invention is:
A kind of dialysis solution stowage arrangement, comprise: at least two chambers, each chamber interior is equipped with the next door that described chamber is separated into dialysis solution zone and waste liquid zone, thereby described next door can be moved in chamber the volume in described dialysis solution zone and waste liquid zone is changed, described dialysis solution stowage arrangement also comprises dialysis solution passage and waste fluid channel, described dialysis solution passage comprises dialysis solution liquor charging passage and dialysis solution storage passage, described waste fluid channel comprises waste liquid recovery approach and waste liquid apocenosis passage, described dialysis solution liquor charging passage one end is connected with the dialysis solution zone of each chamber respectively, the other end can be connected with the dialyser input, described dialysis solution storage passage one end is connected with the dialysis solution zone of each chamber respectively, the other end can transfer liquid device to be connected with dialysis solution, described waste liquid recovery approach one end is connected with the waste liquid zone of each chamber respectively, the other end can be connected with the dialyser outfan, described waste liquid apocenosis passage one end is connected with the waste liquid zone of each chamber respectively, the other end can be connected with the dialysis solution discharger, be provided with dialysis solution liquor charging valve at dialysis solution liquor charging passage, be provided with dialysis solution storage valve at dialysis solution storage passage, be provided with the waste liquid recovery valve at the waste liquid recovery approach, be provided with the waste liquid tapping valve at the waste liquid apocenosis passage; When dialysis solution is preserved in the dialysis solution zone of each chamber, its waste liquid zone effluent discharge, when dialysis solution was sent in the dialysis solution zone of each chamber, waste liquid was reclaimed in its waste liquid zone; Above-mentioned each chamber is grouped into the first chamber group and the second chamber group, when dialysis solution is preserved in the dialysis solution zone of the first chamber group, dialysis solution is sent in the dialysis solution zone of the second chamber group, when waste liquid is reclaimed in the waste liquid zone of the first chamber group, the waste liquid zone effluent discharge of the second chamber group, the summation of the volume of the chamber of the participation work process of the described first chamber group equates with the summation of the volume of the chamber of the participation work process of the second chamber group.
In the technical program, each chamber is grouped into two working groups, the i.e. first chamber group and the second chamber group, in each work process, described two working groups are mainly used in realizing that 1. following two functions are used for sending the dialysis solution for preparing, reclaiming used dialysis solution (the following waste liquid that also claims) from dialyser to dialyser; 2. the dialysis solution that is used for giving up is expelled to the dialysis solution discharger, is used for liquid device is transferred in storage from dialysis solution the dialysis solution for preparing.The described first chamber group and the second chamber group are in per two adjacent work process, circulation realizes above-mentioned two functions, and make in each work process, the summation of the volume of the chamber of the participation work process of the described first chamber group equates with the summation of the volume of the chamber of the participation work process of the second chamber group, just can guarantee in each work process, the amount of the fluid exchange of dialysis solution stowage arrangement and dialyser transfers the amount of the fluid exchange of liquid device and dialysis solution discharger to equate with dialysis solution stowage arrangement and dialysis solution.And dialysis solution and waste liquid are contained in respectively in the certain chamber of overall volume, by the variation that realizes dialysis solution and waste liquid volume that moves freely in next door.Like this, if dialysis solution to right-hand movement, is namely imported in the next door, effluent discharge simultaneously, the amount that then newly enters the waste liquid in the amount of dialysis solution in dialysis solution zone and effluent discharge zone equates; If move to left in the next door, then the amount of sending the waste liquid that is reclaimed by the waste liquid zone to the amount of the dialysis solution of dialyser with by dialyser by the dialysis solution zone keeps equating.The amount that namely can keep passing in and out the dialysis solution of dialyser reaches accurate balance between revenue and expenditure.And, owing to adopted mechanical structure to guarantee that the proper of amount of dialysis solution and waste liquid equates, and sensor as compared with the past or the control device of electronic component, not only control structure has become simple, and reliability also improves greatly.In addition, be to be provided with two with the structure of upper chamber in the technical program, can be in a cycle of operation, make each chamber carry out following work respectively, for example make that wherein any chamber is responsible for preserving dialysis solution and effluent discharge, make other chamber be responsible for the waste liquid that dialyser is carried dialysis solution and reclaimed dialyser, can carry out simultaneously like this storage, the waste liquid of dialysis solution discharge, carry dialysis solution, reclaim the operation of waste liquid from dialyser to dialyser, compare with the time-sharing operation that a chamber only is set, improved efficient greatly.
Described chamber has two, and belongs to the first chamber group and the second chamber group respectively.Technique scheme is further improved, owing to be provided with two chambers, and belong to the first chamber group and the second chamber group, and be equipped with control valve on each passage that the respective regions of each chamber is connected, as long as the switch of the corresponding control valve of control, just can be in a work process, the operation that makes one of them chamber carry out the discharge of the storage of dialysis solution and waste liquid makes another chamber carry out carrying dialysis solution, reclaiming the operation of waste liquid from dialyser to dialyser simultaneously.In addition, the operation of two chambers is exchanged.As long as constantly repeat this two work process, just can continually carry out storage, the waste liquid of dialysis solution discharge, to dialyser carry dialysis solution, from the operation of dialyser recovery waste liquid.Thereby, can provide dialysis solution for dialyser continuously and reclaim the useless dialysis solution of equivalent.In addition, two cavity volume equate it is in above-mentioned two work process, reduce dialysis solution that corresponding chambers provides for dialyser and the pulsation of the waste liquid that reclaims from dialysis solution as far as possible.Thereby, in the continuous firing process that is constituted by the continuous circulation of two work process, just can be so that the traffic flow of dialysis solution and waste liquid be more steady.
Between described waste liquid apocenosis passage and described waste liquid recovery approach, be provided with for extract from the useless dialysis solution of giving back a certain amount of useless dialysis solution except water pump, the described a certain amount of amount that is equivalent to the urine that dialyser gives from blood.In the technical program, between waste liquid apocenosis passage and waste liquid recovery approach, arrange except water pump, can remove working as the part of discharging as urine in patient's body, and be discharged in the waste liquid apocenosis passage by the waste liquid recovery approach that is connected with dialyser.In other words, when from the waste liquid amount in the dialyser (entering the waste liquid amount of waste liquid recovery approach) during greater than the waste liquid amount of chamber, (lifting rate of waste liquid apocenosis passage), the dialysis solution part of described difference part can be by higher being removed except water pump of precision, thereby can reach in the human body the accurately purpose of dehydration.
Also be provided with flow rate regulating valve on the described dialysis solution liquor charging passage.Because the driving of dialysis solution of the present invention and waste liquid is to rely on the driving pump on the dialysis solution driving device to realize, the problem of instability of flow can appear in driving pump in driving the mobile process of dialysis solution, and the balance between revenue and expenditure of dialysis solution of the present invention and waste liquid is to lean on the reliable and stable movement in next door to realize, in the time of instability of flow, the pressure that promotes the next door is not steady, non-constant, makes the movement that the next door can't be reliable and stable.And the technical program is provided with flow rate regulating valve at dialysis solution liquor charging passage, by flow being adjusted and is fixed as setting, just can make in each work process the movement that the next door can both be reliable and stable.
Between described dialysis solution liquor charging passage and described waste liquid recovery approach, be provided with the constant flow rate valve that is applied to the fluid pressure at flow rate regulating valve two ends for adjusting.When being provided with under the situation of flow rate regulating valve at dialysis solution liquor charging passage, two ends at flow rate regulating valve can produce pressure reduction, if pressure reduction instability, will cause the accent flow effect of flow rate regulating valve to be had a greatly reduced quality, therefore, in the technical program, between dialysis solution liquor charging passage and described waste liquid recovery approach, be provided with constant flow rate valve, so that described pressure reduction becomes stable, thereby make the flow adjustment effect of flow rate regulating valve reach best.
Also be provided with the flow-sensint unit for the mobile time of dialysis solution in the monitoring dialysis solution liquor charging passage on the described dialysis solution liquor charging passage.Flow-sensint unit is monitored the flowing time of the dialysis solution in the dialysis solution liquor charging passage and is obtained a monitor value, and flow rate regulating valve moves according to this monitor value.
A kind of dialysis apparatus, comprise the dialysis solution accent liquid device, dialysis solution stowage arrangement and the dialysis solution driving device that connect successively, described dialysis solution driving device offers dialyser with the dialysis solution in the dialysis solution stowage arrangement, and the used dialysis solution of dialyser turned back to the dialysis solution stowage arrangement, described dialysis solution stowage arrangement is as each described dialysis solution stowage arrangement in above-mentioned.Owing to adopted above-mentioned dialysis solution stowage arrangement, thereby the balance between revenue and expenditure of the amount of the dialysis solution that makes the dialysis apparatus of the technical program simply, accurately to control to provide to dialyser and the used dialysis solution of discharging from dialyser.
Described dialysis solution transfers liquid device to link to each other with described dialysis solution storage passage, and described dialysis solution driving device links to each other with the waste liquid recovery approach with described dialysis solution liquor charging passage.
The dialysis solution that such design makes dialysis solution transfer liquid device to prepare enters the dialysis solution zone of chamber by dialysis solution storage passage; And the dialysis solution for preparing of dialysis solution zone storage enters dialyser by dialysis solution liquor charging passage behind the dialysis solution driving device, and the used dialysis solution of dialyser returns the waste liquid zone of chamber through the waste liquid recovery approach by the dialysis solution driving device.
A kind of dialysis solution is transferred the liquid method, be to have adopted dialysis solution to transfer liquid device and the dialysis solution that carries out is transferred the liquid method, described dialysis solution transfers liquid device to comprise: dialysis solution stowage arrangement and be used for drawing the raw liquor pump of stock solution is connected in series with the first dosing pipeline, the second dosing pipeline and the 3rd dosing pipeline respectively between raw liquor pump and the dialysis solution stowage arrangement;
Described dialysis solution transfers the liquid method in turn include the following steps:
(1) the described first dosing pipeline, the second dosing pipeline and the 3rd dosing pipeline are all filled with water;
(2) with the first stock solution A of ormal weight and the second stock solution B is drawn in the first dosing pipeline and the second dosing pipeline in;
(3) the described first dosing pipeline, the second dosing pipeline and the 3rd dosing pipeline are all supplied with water, make the interior second stock solution B and the water of drawing in the liquid distribution pipe road of winning of drawing of the first stock solution A, the second dosing pipeline supply to the dialysis solution stowage arrangement;
Repeat above-mentioned steps successively, the continual preparation of carrying out dialysis solution.
Because in the process for preparation of dialysis solution, the first stock solution A and the second stock solution B can't directly mix.And the such design of employing this programme, the first stock solution A and the second stock solution B are drawn respectively to the first dosing pipeline and the second dosing pipeline, make the described first stock solution A and the second stock solution B separate the certain spacing configuration at the dosing pipeline, namely, be actually like this two sent into the dialysis solution stowage arrangement respectively, when just having avoided putting into simultaneously because the two is mixed the variety of problems produce.
In addition, with to need two independent stock solution dilution tunnel to dilute the structure of stock solution different in the past, the accent liquid device of the technical program only uses an independent pipeline (i.e. the first dosing pipeline, the second dosing pipeline, the 3rd dosing pipeline connect and form one whole pipeline) can finish the preparation of multiple stock solution simultaneously, this more for a long time, is preferred construction more in the kind of stock solution.
Described dialysis solution transfers liquid device also to comprise: the first stock solution A container, the second stock solution B container, the first stock solution A suction passage and the second stock solution B suction passage; The first stock solution A container is connected in the intersection of the first dosing pipeline and the second dosing pipeline by the first stock solution A suction passage, and the second stock solution B container is connected in the intersection of the second dosing pipeline and the 3rd dosing pipeline by the second stock solution B suction passage; Raw liquor pump is the pump that relies on reciprocating member to move back and forth to make that swept volume alternately increases in the cylinder in pumping cylinder, dwindle to draw stock solution, and described raw liquor pump entrance links to each other with the water source, exports to link to each other with the first dosing pipeline.In the technical program, make alternately increase of swept volume in the cylinder owing to adopted the dependence reciprocating member in pumping cylinder, to move back and forth, the raw liquor pump that dwindles to draw stock solution comes stock solution is carried out quantitative absorption, namely the amount of the stock solution of Xi Quing equals the volume-variation of the work chamber in the pumping cylinder, operation by the reciprocating member in the accurate control raw liquor pump, can make the uptake of stock solution reach point-device degree, the stock solution that to draw in liquid distribution pipe by dilution water is brought in the dialysis solution stowage arrangement again, can reach the purpose of quantitatively accurately preparing, and concentration control is very simple, precision is also high; In addition, the dialysis solution of the technical program transfers liquid device neither to need extra flow control mechanism, does not also need the detecting element of concentration, and structure is comparatively simple, cost is also relatively low.
In the step (2), the water source of raw liquor pump entrance is closed, made reciprocating member to the direction motion away from the raw liquor pump outlet, the first stock solution A, the second stock solution B are drawn in the first dosing pipeline and the second dosing pipeline.Such design after the water source of raw liquor pump entrance is closed, can form the space of a relative closure, the easier absorption first stock solution A, the second stock solution B in the dosing passage that is formed by the first dosing pipeline, the second dosing pipeline, the 3rd dosing pipeline.
Described dialysis solution stowage arrangement is as each described dialysis solution stowage arrangement in above-mentioned, in the step (3), the first stock solution A, the second stock solution B and water are supplied in the dialysis solution zone of chamber, and the summation of the volume of the described first stock solution A, the second stock solution B and water equates with the volume of chamber.Such design, the dialysis solution of being convenient to control each work process keeps certain concentration and volume.
Described raw liquor pump is piston pump.As a further improvement on the present invention, raw liquor pump has adopted control accuracy higher, lower-cost piston pump.
Step (2) also in turn includes the following steps:
(2-1) the first stock solution A with ormal weight sucks in the first dosing pipeline;
(2-2) the second stock solution B with ormal weight sucks in the second dosing pipeline;
The length of the first dosing pipeline makes that after utilizing raw liquor pump to draw the first stock solution A, the back absorption second stock solution B earlier, the first stock solution A can not enter raw liquor pump.
Formerly draw in the operation of the first stock solution A, the back absorption second stock solution B, when the second stock solution B is drawn in the back, it is also can be in the first dosing pipeline upstream mobile again under the effect of the suction of drive source to be drawn into the ducted first stock solution A of first dosing, the length of the first dosing pipeline is set as the technical program, just can prevent that the first stock solution A that draws earlier from entering into the raw liquor pump that is located thereon the trip side, just avoided the pollution to raw liquor pump.
Step (2) also in turn includes the following steps:
(2-11) the second stock solution B with ormal weight sucks in the second dosing pipeline;
(2-12) the first stock solution A with ormal weight sucks in the first dosing pipeline;
The length of the second dosing pipeline makes that after utilizing raw liquor pump to draw the second stock solution B, the back absorption first stock solution A earlier, the second stock solution B can not enter the first dosing pipeline.
With above-mentioned technical scheme similarly, if draw the second stock solution B, the back absorption first stock solution A earlier, when drawing the first stock solution A in the back so, it is also can be in the second dosing pipeline upstream mobile again under the effect of the suction of raw liquor pump to be drawn into the ducted second stock solution B of second dosing.If the length of the second dosing pipeline is set, just can prevent that the second stock solution B that draws earlier from entering in the middle of the first dosing pipeline that is located thereon the trip side, just avoided the pollution to the first stock solution A of upstream side as above-mentioned.
The present invention compared with prior art has following advantage and beneficial effect:
The present invention is logical to be contained in dialysis solution and waste liquid respectively in the certain chamber of overall volume, and by the variation that realizes dialysis solution and waste liquid volume that moves freely in next door, the amount that can keep passing in and out the dialysis solution of dialyser reaches accurate balance between revenue and expenditure.And, owing to adopted mechanical structure to guarantee that the proper of amount of dialysis solution and waste liquid equates, and sensor as compared with the past or the control device of electronic component, not only control structure has become simple, and reliability also improves greatly.
In addition, again chamber is divided into the first chamber group and the second chamber group, and make in each work process, the summation of the volume of the chamber of the participation work process of the described first chamber group equates with the summation of the volume of the chamber of the participation work process of the second chamber group, just can guarantee in each work process, the amount of the fluid exchange of dialysis solution stowage arrangement and dialyser transfers the amount of the fluid exchange of liquid device and dialysis solution discharger to equate with dialysis solution stowage arrangement and dialysis solution.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the system flow block diagram of whole dialysis apparatus and dialyser mating reaction;
Fig. 2 transfers the system flow chart of liquid device for dialysis solution;
Fig. 3 is the simple functional schematic that above-mentioned dialysis solution is made parts;
Fig. 4 is the system flow chart of dialysis solution stowage arrangement;
Fig. 5 is the operation principle sketch of constant flow rate valve;
Fig. 6 is the system flow chart of dialysis solution driving device;
Fig. 7 is the system flow chart of dialysis solution rinser;
Fig. 8 is the total system flow chart of dialysis apparatus;
Fig. 9 is the main composition figure of dialysis machine of the prior art.
The specific embodiment
Below, with reference to the accompanying drawings the application is described in detail.
Embodiment
The application's dialysis apparatus is used for that concentration is moderate, the dialysis solution of stability of flow for dialyser 8 provides, and dialyser 8 used dialysis solution are reclaimed, in addition, also the moisture that should discharge as urine in patient's body is removed (by being used for extracting realizing except water pump of a certain amount of useless dialysis solution from the useless dialysis solution of giving back, the described a certain amount of amount that is equivalent to the urine that dialyser gives from blood) in the mode of dialysis solution.Fig. 1 is the system flow block diagram of whole dialysis apparatus and dialyser 8 mating reactions.As shown in fig. 1, the dialysis apparatus of present embodiment comprises: the dialysis solution that connects is transferred liquid device 11, dialysis solution stowage arrangement 3 and dialysis solution driving device 4 successively, in addition, dialysis solution stowage arrangement 3 also is connected with dialysis solution discharger 6, and the running of whole dialysis apparatus is finished by the cooperation of each part mentioned above.Dialysis solution driving device 4 is connected with dialyser 8 again, in addition, dialysis apparatus also comprises dialysis solution rinser 5, in the present embodiment, preferred this dialysis solution rinser 5 transfers liquid device 11 to link to each other with the dialysis solution that is positioned at the upstream of whole system, to reach the effect that can clean whole system better.Particularly, dialysis solution accent liquid device 11 is prepared continuously has certain density dialysis solution, and offers dialysis solution stowage arrangement 3.Dialysis solution stowage arrangement 3 offers dialysis solution driving device 4 with this dialysis solution for preparing, and by dialysis solution driving device 4 this dialysis solution is offered dialyser 8.In addition, dialysis solution stowage arrangement 3 also reclaims the used dialysis solution that is returned by dialysis solution driving device 4, and is discharged to the outside via dialysis solution discharger 6.Be that dialysis solution driving device 4 is relay portion of dialyser 8 and dialysis solution stowage arrangement 3, and it also provide power for dialysis solution in intrasystem circulation as the drive source that dialysis solution is flowed.And dialysis solution rinser 5 is used for after dialysis treatment carries out preceding or carries out whole dialysis apparatus inside being cleaned.
Next respectively each concrete module is introduced.
I, dialysis solution are transferred liquid device 11:
Be illustrated in figure 2 as dialysis solution and transfer the system flow chart of liquid device 11.As shown in Figure 2, this dialysis solution transfers liquid device 11 to comprise controlled water supply part 1 and the dialysis solution making parts 2 of switching of connection successively.
1, the water supply part 1:
Water supply part 1 is used to whole dialysis apparatus that purifying waste water of uniform temperature is provided.As shown in Figure 2, this water supply part 1 according to the direction of current, be from upstream to the downstream, comprise successively: give liquid filter 101, air relief valve 102, valve V9, heat exchanger 103, heater 104, temperature control critesistor 105, as liquid-feeding pump 107, the deaerating tank 108 of the drive source of whole water supply part 1, more than each element connect by first pipeline 111; In addition, (the operating pressure value is set at 1.1kgf/cm also to be connected with feeding overflow valve 110 by circulating line 109 between the outlet of the upstream of heater 104 entrance and deaerating tank 108 2), on heater 104, also be provided be used to the anti-dry sensor (not shown) that prevents dry combustion method, in the choke manifold 106 of part for the water that imports in the liquid-feeding pump 107 is outgased between temperature control critesistor 105 and liquid-feeding pump 107 on first pipeline 111.Wherein, what need supplementary notes is, the water pressurization that liquid-feeding pump 107 is in fact not only supplied with the outside is also delivered to dialysis solution and is made parts 2, and also the impetus that is just producing owing to the formation on this current road is made the dialysis solution for preparing in the parts 2 with dialysis solution and delivered to dialysis solution stowage arrangement 3.In addition, in technique scheme, be the structure that pipeline at liquid-feeding pump 107 places arranges degassing parts, degassing parts herein comprise be located at liquid-feeding pump 107 upstream sides, be used for the choke manifold 106 that the water that are directed in the liquid-feeding pump 107 are outgased and be located at deaerating tank 108 liquid-feeding pump 107 downstreams, that be used for removing the gas that contains in the water of deriving from liquid-feeding pump 107.
In addition, the switching of this water supply part 1 relies on valve V9 to realize., in water supply part 1, form the circulation stream of a part herein, namely external water source through entering circulating line 109 behind heater 104, choke manifold 106, liquid-feeding pump 107, the deaerating tank 108, after this, imports heater 104 successively again.In above-mentioned example, the circulation stream comprises circulating line 109 and connects the stream that the back forms successively by heater 104, choke manifold 106, liquid-feeding pump 107, deaerating tank 108, but the set-up mode of each parts is not limited thereto in the circulation stream, for example can also be with the side in the degassing parts, liquid-feeding pump 107, the heater 104 or is located at structure on the circulating line 109 in many ways.Part parts in the circulation stream also can omit, and for example can comprise circulating line 109, above-mentioned liquid-feeding pump 107, heater 104 or comprise circulating line 109, above-mentioned liquid-feeding pump 107, degassing parts.
In addition, the order of placement of above-mentioned each element is not limited to this, but will guarantee that at least deaerating tank 108 is located at liquid-feeding pump 107 downstreams, choke manifold 106 is positioned at liquid-feeding pump 107 upstreams.In addition, above-mentioned each element also can be deleted according to the actual needs, also can not need 103 pairs of water of heat exchanger to carry out preheating and directly water is heated, water supply part 1 even can include only first pipeline 111, and the water of directly outside being supplied with does not add the dialysis solution that offers of any processing and makes parts 2, makes the purpose that parts 2 provide the water source as long as namely can be reached for dialysis solution.Such conversion all drops within the application's the protection domain.
Particularly, after the water that the process of supplying with from the outside purifies or comparatively cleans enters first pipeline 111, through carrying out purification filtering for liquid filter 101, after impurity or foreign body removal, entering air relief valve 102 reduces pressure to it, make it become authorized pressure, (thermal source of heat exchanger is preferably used dialysis solution described later to carry out preheating by heat exchanger 103 again through post-decompression water, can certainly select other thermal source), reach after certain temperature, enter heater 104 and carry out further heat temperature raising (being monitored by 105 pairs of temperature of temperature control critesistor), after this, enter choke manifold 106, because diminishing suddenly, its caliber experience becomes big process more suddenly, thereby the hydraulic pressure before making hydraulic pressure after choke manifold 106 outlet than choke manifold 106 entrances diminishes suddenly, thereby the air that dissolves in the water is discharged, and further expand, assembling becomes bigger bubble, after pressurizeing through liquid-feeding pump 107 again, make that in deaerating tank 108 gas that contains in the water is emitted, can obtain having set point of temperature, Jie Jing water comparatively.In addition, owing between the outlet of the upstream of heater 104 entrance and deaerating tank 108, also be connected with feeding overflow valve 110 by circulating line 109, like this, the part of the water after deaerating tank 108 degassings flows into circulating line 109, again behind feeding overflow valve 110, converge with the water from heat exchanger 103, heated by heater 104 again, formed the cyclic process of a part herein.In the whole process of the preparatory stage before dialysis and dialysis; this cyclic process continues to carry out; give follow-up device to be used to provide the satisfactory water of pressure stability and temperature; in addition; feeding overflow valve 110 is as pressure limiting device, when the pressure in water supply part 1 is excessive, when for example surpassing authorized pressure; will open automatically, thereby play the effect of pressure limiting, safeguard protection.
2, dialysis solution is made parts 2:
Dialysis solution is made parts 2 and is used for certain density, the satisfactory dialysis solution of preparation.The stock solution that is used for preparing dialysis solution can be selected for use multiple as required, and this sentences and selects two kinds: the first stock solution A and the second stock solution B are that example is come the preparation of dialysis solution is described.As shown in Figure 2, this dialysis solution is made parts 2 and is comprised: dosing pipeline 202 and be used for drawing stock solution raw liquor pump 201 ' (raw liquor pump herein is to rely on reciprocating member to move back and forth in pumping cylinder to make alternately increase of swept volume in the cylinder, dwindle to draw the pump of stock solution), water supply part 1 links to each other with raw liquor pump 201 ' entrance, the end of the upstream side of dosing pipeline 202 (upstream side that the upstream of the flow direction of the liquid of dosing pipeline internal flow is called the dosing pipeline) links to each other with raw liquor pump 201 ' outlet, and the end in downstream is connected to the constant dialysis solution stowage arrangement 3 of volume (omitting among this figure).Be arranged at intervals with a plurality of stock solution entrances at dosing pipeline 202, and each this stock solution entrance is provided with for the valve of switching station at the stock solution entrance, with the kind of above-mentioned stock solution correspondingly, here be that example describes (namely to be provided with two stock solution entrances, its number also can be for a plurality of, in general, the kind of its number and stock solution is corresponding mutually), be that the stock solution entrance comprises the first stock solution A entrance 203 and the second stock solution B entrance 204, be boundary with these two stock solution entrances then, dosing pipeline 202 can be divided into the first dosing pipeline 205, the second dosing pipeline 206 and the 3rd dosing pipeline 207.In addition, this dialysis solution is made parts 2 and is also comprised: the first stock solution A container 210, the second stock solution B container 220, the first stock solution A suction passage 211, the second stock solution B suction passage 221, the first stock solution A container 210 is connected in the first stock solution A entrance, 203, the second stock solution B containers 220 by the first stock solution A suction passage 211 and is connected in the second stock solution B entrance 204 by the second stock solution B suction passage 221.In addition, on the first stock solution A suction passage 211, also be provided with for the valve V11 that realizes the first stock solution A entrance, 203 switches, and the first stock solution A filter 213 that is used for filtration; On the second stock solution B suction passage 221, also be provided with for the valve V12 that realizes the second stock solution B entrance, 204 switches, and the second stock solution B filter 223 that is used for filtration.In addition, also be provided with on the first stock solution A suction passage, 211 ends for the first stock solution A drawing section 212 of drawing the first stock solution A, it stretches into the first stock solution A container, 210 inside; Also be provided with on the second stock solution B suction passage, 221 ends for the second stock solution B drawing section 222 of drawing the second stock solution B, it stretches into the second stock solution B container, 220 inside.
In said structure, can also be on the dosing pipeline valve V26 be set and be used for flow-sensint unit 208 that having or not in real time of the ducted dialysis solution for preparing of dosing detected, judges near a side of dialysis solution stowage arrangement 3.Do like this is for whether the real-time dialysis solution that detects in the dosing pipeline flows continuously, if discontinuous situation will be warned in time.In addition, water supply part 1 and raw liquor pump 201 ' between also be connected with flow and adjust choke manifold 209 and valve V10.Need to prove in addition, if be the direction that is from upstream to the downstream from raw liquor pump 201 ' to the direction of dialysis solution stowage arrangement 3 on the establishing liquid pipeline 202, then the stock solution entrance of upstream and raw liquor pump 201 ' between spacing should make when utilizing the various stock solution of raw liquor pump 201 ' absorption, stock solution entrance from upstream enter stock solution in the dosing pipeline can not enter into raw liquor pump 201 ', and the spacing between described each stock solution entrance is set at: make utilize raw liquor pump 201 ' various stock solutions of absorption after, between entering each stock solution in the dosing pipeline 202, each stock solution entrance can not contact.Particularly, raw liquor pump 201 ' outlet is set at the spacing between the stock solution entrance 203 of above-mentioned upstream: when utilizing raw liquor pump 201 ' elder generation to draw stock solution, back when drawing stock solutions from other stock solution entrances from the stock solution entrance of this upstream, after all imbibitions operation is finished, certainly the stock solution that sucks of the stock solution entrance of this upstream can not enter raw liquor pump 201 '; And the spacing between each stock solution entrance is set at: draw stock solution, back when drawing stock solution from the stock solution entrance that is located thereon trip when the stock solution entrance that utilizes raw liquor pump 201 ' elder generation beyond the stock solution entrance of this upstream, can not come in contact in the dosing pipeline between the various stock solutions.
Next, supply with water is that example illustrates how the partially liq stream that dialysis solution is made in the parts 2 forms, namely as shut off valve V11, V12, open valve V10, during V26, from what water supply part 1 was handled uniform temperature arranged, clean water is after inflow-rate of water turbine adjustment choke manifold 209 (adjusting the higher limit of discharge) is carried out the flow adjustment, through valve V10, and from raw liquor pump 201 ' the left side entrance enter, herein, preferred raw liquor pump 201 ' be piston pump 201, the water that then enters piston pump 201 enters into dosing pipeline 202 from the outlet of the right side of piston pump 201, further enters in the dialysis solution stowage arrangement 3.And when needs are drawn each stock solution, only need shut off valve V10, valve V26, and open corresponding valve V11 and/or V12, make piston pump 201 actions, just stock solution A and/or stock solution B can be drawn in the middle of the dosing pipeline 202.
Specify the process for preparation of dialysis solution below.As shown in Figure 2, water uniform temperature, clean was arranged after inflow-rate of water turbine adjustment choke manifold 209 (adjusting the higher limit of discharge) is carried out the flow adjustment through what water supply part 1 was handled, entered in the piston pump 201 through valve V10.Fig. 3 is the simple functional schematic that above-mentioned dialysis solution is made parts 2.Next come the process for preparation of each stock solution is elaborated with reference to figure 2, Fig. 3.This process comprises the steps:
(1) this first dosing pipeline 205, the second dosing pipeline 206, the 3rd dosing pipeline 207 are all filled with water, just make whole dosing pipeline 202 be full of water.
Particularly, open valve V9, V10, V26, shut off valve V11, V12 will be full of whole dosing pipeline 202 and dialysis solution stowage arrangement 3 from the water of water supply part 1, can before the whole system running air of internal system all be removed like this.
(2) the first stock solution A and the second stock solution B with ormal weight is drawn into respectively in the first dosing pipeline 205 and in the second dosing pipeline 206.
Namely, the water source of raw liquor pump 201 ' entrance is closed (being shut off valve V10), make raw liquor pump 201 ' in reciprocating member (when raw liquor pump is piston pump or plunger displacement pump, reciprocating member is for example piston or plunger) to the direction motion away from raw liquor pump 201 ' outlet, the first stock solution A, the second stock solution B are drawn in the dosing pipeline 202.
This suction process both can be carried out the absorption of the first stock solution A and the second stock solution B simultaneously; Also can draw the first stock solution A earlier, draw the second stock solution B again; Also can draw the second stock solution B earlier, draw the first stock solution A again.Below to draw the first stock solution A earlier, drawing the second stock solution B again is that example describes, because the class of operation to raw liquor pump 201 ' parts such as (piston pumps 201) of all the other absorption modes seemingly specifically can be analogized with reference to following step, so omit the detailed description to other situation here.
Be that above-mentioned steps (2) in turn includes the following steps:
(2-1) the first stock solution A with ormal weight sucks in the first dosing pipeline 205.
Open valve V11, shut off valve V10, V12, V26, the piston of piston pump 201 is pulled ormal weight to the below among Fig. 2, the first stock solution A of ormal weight will be drawn in the first dosing pipeline 205 through the first stock solution A drawing section 212, the first stock solution A suction passage 211, the first stock solution A entrance 203.The ormal weight that above-mentioned piston pulls is to choose desired value according to parameters such as different patients' requirement and concentration.In addition, the piston of piston pump 201 is pulled ormal weight downwards, this ormal weight will guarantee that also the first stock solution A is inhaled in the first dosing pipeline 205 between 201 outlets of the first stock solution A entrance 203 and piston pump just, and be not inhaled in the piston pump 1, so the first dosing pipeline 205 will guarantee enough length.
(2-2) the second stock solution B with ormal weight sucks in the second dosing pipeline 206.
Namely, open valve V12, shut off valve V10, V11, V26 pull ormal weight downwards again with the piston of piston pump 201, and the second stock solution B of ormal weight is drawn in the second dosing pipeline 206 through the second stock solution B drawing section 222, the second stock solution B suction passage 221, the second stock solution B entrance 204.With similarly above-mentioned, in this process, the ormal weight that piston pulls also is to choose desired value according to parameters such as different patients' requirement and concentration.In addition, the piston of piston pump 201 is pulled ormal weight downwards, this ormal weight will guarantee that also the second stock solution B is inhaled in the second dosing pipeline 206 between the first stock solution A entrance 203 and the second stock solution B entrance 204 just, and be not inhaled in the first stock solution A entrance 203 (namely, can not be inhaled in the first dosing pipeline 205 and the first stock solution A suction passage 211), so the second dosing pipeline 206 will guarantee enough length.Simultaneously, in the time of owing to the absorption second stock solution B, the first stock solution A also is moved to the left in the first dosing pipeline 205 simultaneously, is easier to be sucked in the piston pump 201.To sum up, at this moment, piston pump 201 outlet should followingly be set with the spacing between the first stock solution A entrance, namely after utilizing piston pump 201 to draw the first stock solution A, the back absorption second stock solution B earlier, the first stock solution A can not enter piston pump 201.And the spacing between the first stock solution A entrance and the second stock solution B entrance is carried out following setting, namely after utilizing piston pump 201 to draw the first stock solution A, the back absorption second stock solution B earlier, the second stock solution B can not enter the first stock solution A entrance 203 (even perhaps through the first stock solution A entrance 203, enter in the first dosing pipeline 205, also do not contact with the first stock solution A).
(3) through above-mentioned steps (2) afterwards, the first stock solution A and the second stock solution B are drawn into respectively in the first dosing pipeline 205 and the second dosing pipeline 206, and diluted to a certain extent by the water that had originally in the dosing pipeline 202, proceed last step then: this first dosing pipeline 205, the second dosing pipeline 206, the 3rd dosing pipeline 207 are supplied with water, the first stock solution A, the second dosing pipeline, the 206 interior second stock solution B and the water of drawing drawn in the liquid distribution pipe road 205 of winning are supplied in the dialysis solution stowage arrangement 3.
This step is that the second stock solution B and the first stock solution A are successively sent into process in the dialysis solution stowage arrangement 3.Particularly, before valve V10 opens, the piston of piston pump 201 is got back to carried out above-mentioned steps (2) assigned position before, open valve V9, V10, V26 then, shut off valve V11, V12 flow in dosing pipeline 202, the dialysis solution stowage arrangement 3 water from water supply part 1.And by the mobile impetus of water, just the second stock solution B that is inhaled into the first stock solution A in the first dosing pipeline 205 and be inhaled in the second dosing pipeline 206 can be brought into respectively within the constant dialysis solution stowage arrangement 3 of volume, thereby in dialysis solution stowage arrangement 3, obtain having the dialysis solution (mixed liquor of the first stock solution A+, the second stock solution B+ water) of finite concentration and volume, meanwhile, whole dosing pipeline 202 all is full of water again, get back to step (1), each step can continuously be prepared dialysis solution and so forth.
As mentioned above, the compound method of the application's dialysis solution is not limited to said process, and other change also can be arranged, for example also can draw the second stock solution B earlier, draw the first stock solution A again, perhaps draw the two simultaneously, because each process is similar substantially, can analogize, and repeats no more herein.But wherein be noted that especially, when utilizing piston pump 201 to draw the second stock solution B, the back absorption first stock solution A earlier, spacing between the first stock solution A entrance and the second stock solution B entrance should followingly be set, namely when utilizing piston pump 201 to draw the second stock solution B, the back absorption first stock solution A earlier, the second stock solution B can not enter the first stock solution A entrance 203 (perhaps, even through the first stock solution A entrance 203, contact only otherwise with the first stock solution A get final product).And piston pump 201 outlet is carried out following setting with the spacing between the first stock solution A entrance, namely after utilizing piston pump 201 to draw the second stock solution B, the back absorption first stock solution A earlier, the first stock solution A can not enter piston pump 201.
In addition, be provided with special dialysis solution zone in the above-mentioned dialysis solution stowage arrangement 3, be used for depositing the above-mentioned dialysis solution for preparing.And in each work process, the summation of the volume of the dialysis solution of being made up of this first stock solution A, the second stock solution B and water equates with the volume of dialysis solution stowage arrangement 3.
In the dosing method of present embodiment, by the absorption first stock solution A and the second stock solution B of timesharing, thereby it is carried out dialysis solution stowage arrangement 3 in, mixing again after certain dilution earlier, can avoid different stock solution to mix back redilution and the variety of problems that produces.And can prepare the dialysis solution of desired concn and amount according to the needs of practical operation continuously, simple.
Transfer the work process of liquid device 11 to describe to whole dialysis solution below.The dialysis solution dosing method that is present embodiment comprises the steps:
(a) preparation process is opened valve V9, and shut off valve V10, V11, V12, V26 make water supply part 1 operate, thereby produce the water of the cleaning of uniform temperature.Detailed operation situation about this step was introduced in detail in above-mentioned part, so repeat no more herein.Certainly, this step turns round when being not limited only to prepare dialysis solution, can be in the operation phase all the time in whole dialysis procedure so that whenever can for follow-up device for example dialysis solution stowage arrangement 3 water source is provided.
(b) dialysis solution preparation steps, owing to when introducing dialysis solution making parts, preparation steps was carried out detailed description, repeats no more herein herein.
To sum up, this dialysis solution transfers liquid device 11 under the prerequisite that makes 1 running of water supply part, repeats the dialysis solution preparation steps of (b), thereby constantly is dialysis solution stowage arrangement 3 preparation finite concentration and a certain amount of dialysis solution.
In addition, in the present embodiment, be to be the explanation that example is carried out with two kinds of stock solutions,, repeat no more owing to can be analogized by present embodiment for the preparation of two or more stock solution herein.Simultaneously, on concrete structure, also be not limited thereto, dialysis solution transfers each element in the liquid device 11 also can delete according to the actual needs.In addition, the choosing of raw liquor pump also can be adopted other the pump except piston pump, as long as can reach the purpose that can draw stock solution.In addition, also can omit the stock solution drawing section, and directly the stock solution suction passage be inserted the stock solution internal tank.
II, dialysis solution stowage arrangement 3
The dialysis solution stowage arrangement of present embodiment comprises at least one chamber, and each chamber interior is equipped with the next door (preferred flexible next door) that this chamber is separated into dialysis solution zone and waste liquid zone; The dialysis solution that can ccontainingly prepare in the dialysis solution zone can ccontaining used dialysis solution in the waste liquid zone; Thereby and the next door can move freely under the effect of external force in chamber the volume in dialysis solution zone and waste liquid zone is changed, in addition, the dialysis solution stowage arrangement also comprises: be connected with the dialysis solution zone, be used for making the dialysis solution zone dialysis solution for preparing to be preserved or the dialysis solution passage of liquor charging, and be connected with the waste liquid zone, be used for making the waste liquid zone used dialysis solution (the following waste liquid that also claims) to be reclaimed or the waste fluid channel of discharge opeing.In addition, when the next door was flexible next door, it can stretch under the effect of external force and to dialysis solution zone one side, or waste liquid zone one side shifting, thereby the volume in dialysis solution zone and waste liquid zone is changed.
When dialysis solution is preserved in the dialysis solution zone of each chamber, its waste liquid zone effluent discharge, when dialysis solution was sent in the dialysis solution zone of each chamber, waste liquid was reclaimed in its waste liquid zone; Above-mentioned each chamber is grouped into the first chamber group and the second chamber group, when dialysis solution is preserved in the dialysis solution zone of the first chamber group, dialysis solution is sent in the dialysis solution zone of the second chamber group, when waste liquid is reclaimed in the waste liquid zone of the first chamber group, the waste liquid zone effluent discharge of the second chamber group, the summation of the dischargeable capacity of the chamber of the participation work process of this first chamber group equates with the summation of the dischargeable capacity of the chamber of the participation work process of the second chamber group.In each work process, these two working groups are mainly used in realizing following two functions: 1. be used for sending the dialysis solution for preparing, reclaiming used dialysis solution (the following waste liquid that also claims) from dialyser to dialyser; 2. the dialysis solution that is used for giving up is expelled to the dialysis solution discharger, is used for liquid device is transferred in storage from dialysis solution the dialysis solution for preparing.This first chamber group and the second chamber group are in per two adjacent work process, and circulation realizes above-mentioned two functions.
Wherein, the number of chamber can be selected according to actual needs.In addition, about the dialysis solution passage, two passes both can be set be used for respectively realizing storage and liquor charging to dialysis solution namely, can carrying out above-mentioned two processes simultaneously; Also a dialysis solution passage can only be set, storage and the liquor charging process to dialysis solution realized on timesharing ground.The setting of waste fluid channel and dialysis solution channel types seemingly, similarly can be simultaneously or timesharing ground used dialysis solution is reclaimed or discharge opeing.Wherein, two passes specifically arranges as follows: above-mentioned dialysis solution passage comprises two passages, i.e. dialysis solution liquor charging passage 309 and dialysis solution storage passage 310; And waste fluid channel also comprises two passages, i.e. waste liquid recovery approach 319 and waste liquid apocenosis passage 320.On dialysis solution liquor charging passage 309, dialysis solution storage passage 310, waste liquid recovery approach 319, waste liquid apocenosis passage 320, also be respectively equipped with dialysis solution liquor charging valve, dialysis solution storage valve, waste liquid recovery valve, the waste liquid tapping valve of control respective channel break-make simultaneously.The setting of above-mentioned each valve is the break-make for the ease of each passage, certainly, also can valve be set and adopt other mode to realize the break-make of each passage.The annexation of above-mentioned each passage is as follows: dialysis solution liquor charging passage 309 1 ends link to each other with the dialysis solution zone of each chamber respectively, and the dialysis solution liquor charging part (aftermentioned dialysis solution feeding portion) of the other end and dialysis solution driving device is connected; Dialysis solution storage passage 310 1 ends link to each other with the dialysis solution zone of each chamber respectively, and the other end transfers the dialysis solution dosing pipeline 202 of liquid device 11 to be connected with dialysis solution; Waste liquid recovery approach 319 1 ends link to each other with the waste liquid zone of each chamber respectively, and the dialysis solution of the other end and dialysis solution driving device 4 returns liquid part (the aftermentioned dialysis solution is given back portion) and is connected; Waste liquid apocenosis passage 320 1 ends link to each other with the waste liquid zone of each chamber respectively, and the other end is connected with dialysis solution discharger 6.
Below be that example describes to select two chambers (belonging to the first chamber group and the second chamber group respectively), dialysis solution passage and waste fluid channel to include two passages, other situation can be analogized according to this example, repeats no more herein.
Be illustrated in figure 4 as the system flow chart of dialysis solution stowage arrangement 3.As shown in Figure 4, this dialysis solution stowage arrangement 3 comprises first chamber 301 and second chamber 311 (namely the dischargeable capacity of the chamber of the participation work process of the first chamber group equates with the dischargeable capacity of the chamber of the participation work process of the second chamber group) that volume equates.Be provided with under external force movably first next door 302 in first chamber 301, it is divided into the 303 and first waste liquid zone 304, disconnected first dialysis solution zone with first chamber 301; Be provided with under external force movably second next door 312 in second chamber 311, it is divided into the 313 and second waste liquid zone 314, disconnected second dialysis solution zone with second chamber 311.And the dialysis solution for preparing can be deposited in the 303 and second dialysis solution zone 313 in first dialysis solution zone, and used dialysis solution can be deposited in the 304 and second waste liquid zone 314 in first waste liquid zone.
Ground matches with the structure of above-mentioned two chambers, carry out following setting again: dialysis solution liquor charging passage 309 comprises the first dialysis solution liquor charging passage 305 and the second dialysis solution liquor charging passage 315, the dialysis solution for preparing in the dialysis solution zone can be delivered to dialyser 8 by it; Dialysis solution storage passage 310 comprises first dialysis solution storage passage 306 and second dialysis solution storage passage 316, by it dialysis solution of transferring liquid device 11 to prepare by dialysis solution is preserved in the dialysis solution zone; Waste liquid recovery approach 319 comprises the first waste liquid recovery approach 307 and the second waste liquid recovery approach 317, dialyser 8 used dialysis solution can be recycled in the waste liquid zone by it; Waste liquid apocenosis passage 320 comprises the first waste liquid apocenosis passage 308 and the second waste liquid apocenosis passage 318, the used dialysis solution that reclaims in the waste liquid zone can be discharged outside the dialysis solution stowage arrangement by it.In addition, dialysis solution liquor charging valve comprises: be located at the first liquor charging valve V2 and the second liquor charging valve V7 on the first dialysis solution liquor charging passage 305 and the second dialysis solution liquor charging passage 315 respectively; Dialysis solution storage valve comprises the first storage valve V1 and the second storage valve V8 that is located at respectively on first dialysis solution storage passage 306 and second dialysis solution storage passage 316; The waste liquid recovery valve comprises the first recovery valve V4 and the second recovery valve V5 that is located at respectively on the first waste liquid recovery approach 307 and the second waste liquid recovery approach 317, and the waste liquid tapping valve comprises the first tapping valve V3 and the second tapping valve V6 that is located at respectively on the first waste liquid apocenosis passage 308 and the second waste liquid apocenosis passage 318.
Describe the connection situation of each parts below in detail: the first dialysis solution liquor charging passage, 305 1 ends are connected with first dialysis solution zone 303, and the dialysis solution liquor charging part (aftermentioned dialysis solution feeding portion) of the other end and dialysis solution driving device is connected; The second dialysis solution liquor charging passage, 315 1 ends are connected with second dialysis solution zone 313, and the dialysis solution liquor charging part (aftermentioned dialysis solution feeding portion) of the other end and dialysis solution driving device is connected; First dialysis solution storage passage, 306 1 ends are connected with first dialysis solution zone 303, and the other end transfers the dialysis solution dosing pipeline 202 of liquid device 11 to be connected with dialysis solution; Second dialysis solution storage passage, 316 1 ends are connected with second dialysis solution zone 313, and the other end transfers the dialysis solution dosing pipeline 202 of liquid device 11 to be connected with dialysis solution; The first waste liquid recovery approach, 307 1 ends are connected with first waste liquid zone 304, and the dialysis solution of the other end and dialysis solution driving device 4 returns liquid part (the aftermentioned dialysis solution is given back portion) and is connected; The second waste liquid recovery approach, 317 1 ends are connected with second waste liquid zone 314, and the dialysis solution of the other end and dialysis solution driving device 4 returns liquid part (the aftermentioned dialysis solution is given back portion) and is connected; The first waste liquid apocenosis passage, 308 1 ends are connected with first waste liquid zone 304, and the other end is connected with dialysis solution discharger 6; The second waste liquid apocenosis passage, 318 1 ends are connected with second waste liquid zone 314, and the other end is connected with dialysis solution discharger 6.
In addition, between waste liquid apocenosis passage 320 and waste liquid recovery approach 319, also be provided with except water pump 321, be mainly used in removing and work as the moisture of getting rid of, being excluded with the form of useless dialysis solution as urine in the human body, but the selection of pump is not limited to this herein, also can adopt pump such as ultrafiltrate pump to realize, as long as can reach the purpose of removing dialysis solution.The flow-sensint unit 324 that on dialysis solution liquor charging passage 309, also is provided with flow rate regulating valve 322 and is used for the mobile time of dialysis solution in the monitoring dialysis solution liquor charging passage 309.In addition, between this dialysis solution liquor charging passage 309 and waste liquid recovery approach 319, be provided with the constant flow rate valve 323 that is applied to the fluid pressure at flow rate regulating valve 322 two ends for adjusting., also be not limited thereto about the position of constant flow rate valve 323 herein, be located between the outlet and entrance of dialyser as long as guarantee.
Concrete storage practice to dialysis solution stowage arrangement 3 is elaborated below.The storage practice of the dialysis solution stowage arrangement 3 of present embodiment may further comprise the steps:
(1) makes second dialysis solution zone 313 of second chamber 311 preserve the dialysis solution for preparing, second waste liquid zone, the 314 interior used dialysis solution of second chamber 311 are discharged; Make first waste liquid zone 304 of first chamber 301 reclaim used dialysis solution, make first dialysis solution zone, the 303 interior dialysis solution that prepare of first chamber 301 deliver to dialyser 8 simultaneously.
(2) make second waste liquid zone 314 of second chamber 311 reclaim used dialysis solution, make second dialysis solution zone, the 313 interior dialysis solution that prepare of second chamber 311 deliver to dialyser 8 simultaneously; Make first dialysis solution zone 303 of first chamber 301 preserve the dialysis solution for preparing, first waste liquid zone, the 304 interior used dialysis solution of first chamber 301 are discharged.
In the process of whole dialysis treatment, alternately carry out above-mentioned two steps repeatedly, thereby carry out the supply of dialysis solution and the recovery of used dialysis solution continuously.
Particularly, in the above-mentioned steps (1), open the second storage valve V8 that is located on second dialysis solution storage passage 316, be located at the second tapping valve V6 on the second waste liquid apocenosis passage 318, be located at the first recovery valve V4 on the first waste liquid recovery approach 307 and be located at the first liquor charging valve V2 on the first dialysis solution liquor charging passage 305; And close the second liquor charging valve V7 that is located on the second dialysis solution liquor charging passage 315, be located at the second recovery valve V5 on the second waste liquid recovery approach 317, be located at the first tapping valve V3 on the first waste liquid apocenosis passage 308, be located at the first storage valve V1 on first dialysis solution storage passage 306, then transfer the dialysis solution for preparing of the dosing pipeline 202 of liquid device 11 from above-mentioned dialysis solution, enter in the second dialysis solution zone 313 of second chamber 311 via second dialysis solution storage passage 316; In this process, side by side oppress second next door 312 to second waste liquid zone, 314 1 side shiftings, make second waste liquid zone, 314 interior, in last cycle of operation, preserved, the used dialysis solution of second chamber 311, be discharged to dialysis solution discharger 6 described later via the second waste liquid apocenosis passage 318; And in first chamber 301, return the used dialysis solution of liquid part (the aftermentioned dialysis solution is given back portion) from the dialysis solution of dialysis solution driving device 4, enter into the first waste liquid zone 304 of first chamber 301 via the first waste liquid recovery approach 307; In this process, side by side oppress first next door 302, to first dialysis solution zone, 303 1 side shiftings, make in the middle of first dialysis solution zone 303, in last cycle of operation dialysis solution that preserved, that prepare, the dialysis solution liquor charging part (aftermentioned dialysis solution feeding portion) that enters dialysis solution driving device 4 via the first dialysis solution liquor charging passage 305.In this step, because the volume of two chambers equates, enter into second chamber 311 the second dialysis solution zone 313 the dialysis solution for preparing amount, supply to the amount of the dialysis solution for preparing of dialyser from the first dialysis solution zone 303 of first chamber 301, be discharged to the amount of the dialysis solution that uses system outside from the second waste liquid zone 314 of second chamber 311 and the amount from the dialysis solution after the use of dialyser 8 that reclaimed by first waste liquid zone 304 of first chamber 301 all equal.Thereby reached break-even effect.After being noted that especially that herein this step finishes, second next door 312 moves to low order end (second waste liquid zone, 314 ends) from the high order end (second dialysis solution zone, 313 ends) of second chamber 311; First next door 302 moves to low order end (first dialysis solution zone, 303 ends) from the high order end (first waste liquid zone, 304 ends) of first chamber 301.Like this, can guarantee that also the feed liquor amount of second chamber 311 and first chamber 301 and liquid outlet quantity equate, are the volume of second chamber 311 (first chamber 301).
In the above-mentioned steps (2), open the second liquor charging valve V7 that is located on the second dialysis solution liquor charging passage 315, be located at the second recovery valve V5 on the second waste liquid recovery approach 317, be located at the first tapping valve V3 on the first waste liquid apocenosis passage 308 and be located at the first storage valve V1 on first dialysis solution storage passage 306; And close the second storage valve V8 that is located on second dialysis solution storage passage 316, be located at the second tapping valve V6 on the second waste liquid apocenosis passage 318, be located at the first recovery valve V4 on the first waste liquid recovery approach 307 and be located at the first liquor charging valve V2 on the first dialysis solution liquor charging passage 305, then transfer the dialysis solution for preparing of the dosing pipeline 202 of liquid device 11 from above-mentioned dialysis solution, enter in the first dialysis solution zone 303 of first chamber 301 via first dialysis solution storage passage 306; In this process, side by side oppress first next door 302 to first waste liquid zone, 304 1 side shiftings, make first waste liquid zone, 304 interior, in last step, preserved, the used dialysis solution of first chamber 301, be discharged to dialysis solution discharger 6 described later via the first waste liquid apocenosis passage 308; And in second chamber 311, return the used dialysis solution of liquid part (the aftermentioned dialysis solution is given back portion) from the dialysis solution of dialysis solution driving device 4, enter into the second waste liquid zone 314 of second chamber 311 via the second waste liquid recovery approach 317; In this process, side by side oppress second next door 312 to second dialysis solution zone, 313 1 side shiftings, make in the second dialysis solution zone 313, in last step dialysis solution that preserved, that prepare, the dialysis solution liquor charging part (aftermentioned dialysis solution feeding portion) that enters dialysis solution driving device 4 via the second dialysis solution liquor charging passage 315.
In this step, enter into first chamber 301 the first dialysis solution zone 303 the dialysis solution for preparing amount, supply to the amount of the dialysis solution for preparing of dialyser from the second dialysis solution zone 313 of second chamber 311, be discharged to the amount of the dialysis solution that uses outside the system from the first waste liquid zone 304 of first chamber 301 and the amount from the dialysis solution after the use of dialyser 8 that reclaimed by second waste liquid zone 314 of second chamber 311 all equates.Thereby reached break-even effect.Be noted that especially herein, after this step finishes, first next door 302 moves to high order end (first waste liquid zone, 304 ends) from the low order end of first chamber 301 (first dialysis solution zone, 303 ends), and second next door 312 moves to high order end (second dialysis solution zone, 313 ends) from the low order end (second waste liquid zone, 314 ends) of second chamber 311.Like this, can guarantee that the feed liquor amount of second chamber 311 and first chamber 301 and liquid outlet quantity equate, are the volume of second chamber 311 (first chamber 301).
Say in further detail, in step (1), second chamber 311 is achieved as follows function: i.e. the dialysis solution for preparing of liquid device 11 is transferred in second dialysis solution in left side zone, 313 storages from dialysis solution, the used dialysis solution that the second waste liquid zone 314 on right side will have been preserved is discharged to dialysis solution discharger 6 described later, thereby is discharged to outside the system; First chamber 301 is achieved as follows function: namely the used dialysis solution from dialyser 8 is retrieved in Zuo Ce the first waste liquid zone 304, and the first dialysis solution zone 303 on right side is sent into the dialysis solution for preparing in the dialyser 8.And in step (2), with above-mentioned steps on the contrary, second chamber 311 is achieved as follows function, and namely the used dialysis solution from dialyser 8 is retrieved in the second waste liquid zone 314 on right side, and the second dialysis solution zone 313 in left side is sent into the dialysis solution for preparing in the dialyser 8; First chamber 301 is achieved as follows function: i.e. the dialysis solution for preparing of liquid device 11 is transferred in first dialysis solution on right side zone, 303 storages from dialysis solution; The used dialysis solution that the first waste liquid zone 304 in left side will have been preserved is discharged to recycling and processing device 6 described later, thereby is discharged to outside the system.As long as alternately constantly carry out above step (1), step (2) repeatedly, first chamber 301 and second chamber 311 continuous alternate functions just then, the storage of the dialysis solution that namely prepares continuously, liquor charging, the recovery of used dialysis solution, discharge opeing operation.
For the patient, the balance between revenue and expenditure of the dialysis solution for preparing in the assurance inflow dialyser and the used dialysis solution of outflow dialyser is very important, in the present embodiment, just because each cyclic process, the amount of the dialysis solution that is sent to dialyser and takes out from dialyser all is certain (being the volume of first chamber 301 or second chamber 311), thereby can strictly guarantee the balance that dialysis solution is supplied with.
In the method for present embodiment, guarantee the second liquor charging valve V7, the second recovery valve V5, the first tapping valve V3 and first storage valve V1 switch simultaneously.Switch when guaranteeing the second storage valve V8, the second tapping valve V6, the first recovery valve V4, the first liquor charging valve V2.In addition, between dialysis solution stowage arrangement 3 and dialyser 8, also be provided with dialysis solution driving device 4 as relay portion, in the introduction of this dialysis solution stowage arrangement 3, for the purpose of making things convenient for, omitted the introduction to these dialysis solution driving device 4 modules.In addition, because process for preparation and the method for dialysis solution, namely the process for preparation of the first stock solution A+, the second stock solution B+ water is transferred in the liquid device 11 at dialysis solution and is described in detail, and repeats no more herein.But what require emphasis a bit is, in dosing pipeline 202, by the dialysis solution that dialysis solution transfers liquid device 11 to prepare, can flow into through dialysis solution storage passage 310 in the respective regions of dialysis solution stowage arrangement 3 (in the 303 or second dialysis solution zone 313, first dialysis solution zone).In addition, in above-described embodiment, be that example describes so that two chambers to be set.When the quantity of chamber is a plurality of (〉=2), can be in a work process, make one of them chamber of the first chamber group the dialysis solution for preparing is provided and reclaim waste liquid for dialyser, the waste liquid that any one chamber of the second chamber group is responsible for reclaiming is discharged, and the dialysis solution for preparing of liquid device 11 is transferred in storage from dialysis solution.And this chamber that the dialysis solution that was used to dialyser to provide in the last work process to prepare and the first chamber group that reclaims waste liquid be provided in next work process uses as the chamber of following function: namely, the waste liquid that reclaims is discharged, and the dialysis solution for preparing of liquid device 11 is transferred in storage from dialysis solution.Thus, when using a plurality of chamber, as long as the control mode to each chamber meets the following conditions: namely in two adjacent work process, in forward relatively work process, be used for and the work process of chamber after relative leaning on of the first chamber group of dialyser generation fluid exchange is used for and dialysis solution pumping equipment and dialysis solution accent liquid device generation fluid exchange.
In addition, when the quantity of chamber is a plurality of (〉=2), also can control chamber as follows: namely, in a work process, make at least one chamber (for example being 2) in the chamber group of winning the dialysis solution for preparing is provided and reclaim waste liquid for dialyser simultaneously, meanwhile, make that at least one chamber (for example being 3) in the second chamber group is discharged the waste liquid that reclaims simultaneously, and the dialysis solution for preparing of liquid device 11 is transferred in storage from dialysis solution.That is, the number of the chamber of the participation work in the above-mentioned first chamber group and the second chamber group can be for arbitrarily.As long as the summation (summations of above-mentioned 2 cavity volume) of the dischargeable capacity of the chamber of the participation work process of the satisfied first chamber group equates with the summation (summations of above-mentioned 3 cavity volume) of the dischargeable capacity of the chamber of the participation work process of the second chamber group.
In addition, flow rate regulating valve 322 and the flow-sensint unit 324 be located on the dialysis solution liquor charging passage 309 carry out co-ordination as follows, namely the dialysis solution that monitors in the dialysis solution liquor charging passage 309 when flow-sensint unit 324 flows the time ratio scheduled time in short-term, then the aperture of the valve of flow rate regulating valve 322 reduces, thereby makes the mobile time of dialysis solution elongated.In like manner, the time ratio scheduled time long time if dialysis solution flows, then the aperture of the valve of flow rate regulating valve 322 increases, thereby the dialysis solution time of flowing is shortened.
In addition, be located at the flow that flow rate regulating valve 322 on the dialysis solution liquor charging passage 309 is mainly used in controlling dialysis solution, but in the practical work process, often between the entrance and exit of flow rate regulating valve 322, there is pressure reduction, the change of this pressure reduction can cause the effect of flow adjustment to be had a greatly reduced quality, even can't make the stability of flow of dialysis solution at the flow value of regulation, for fear of the generation of this situation, between dialysis solution liquor charging passage 309 and waste liquid recovery approach 319, be provided with the constant flow rate valve 323 that is applied to the fluid pressure at flow rate regulating valve 322 two ends for adjusting usually.Fig. 5 is the operation principle sketch of constant flow rate valve.Here for convenience's sake, only connecting first chamber 301, and omit dialysis solution driving device 4 and describe for example.
As shown in Figure 5, the constant flow rate valve 323 that present embodiment adopts comprises left shell 331, right shell body 332, movable next door 333 and support 329, wherein, after left shell 331 and right shell body 332 assemblings, inside is formed with the liquid containing cavity, above-mentioned movable next door 333 is arranged in the above-mentioned containing cavity, and under external force can be in containing cavity move left and right.In addition, above-mentioned movable next door 333 also is divided into above-mentioned containing cavity recovery chamber 334 (being formed by left shell 331 and movable next door 333) and the liquor charging chamber 335 (formed by right shell body 332 and movable next door 333, and inside being provided with spring 330) that does not communicate.In addition, on left shell 331, also be provided with and reclaim waste liquid entrance 336, the waste liquid outlet 337 that chamber 334 liquid communicate.On right shell body 332, also be provided with the dialysis solution entrance 338, the dialysis solution outlet 339 that communicate with liquor charging chamber 335 liquid.Wherein, waste liquid entrance 336, waste liquid outlet 337 are connected with first waste liquid zone 304 of dialyser outlet 8, first chamber 301 respectively; Dialysis solution entrance 338, dialysis solution outlet 339 are connected with the first dialysis solution zone 303, dialyser 8 entrances of first chamber 301 respectively.Its flow rate regulating valve 322 is connected between dialysis solution entrance 338 and the first dialysis solution zone 303.
Concrete work process is as follows, if namely the pressure P 1 of flow rate regulating valve 322 arrival ends is excessive, the pressure P 2 of the port of export hour, then the pressure in the recovery chamber 334 of constant flow rate valve 323 becomes big, then promote movable next door 333 to liquor charging chamber 335 1 side shiftings, when pressure was enough big, movable next door 333 butts were to dialysis solution outlet 339, that is, constant flow rate valve 323 is closed.At this moment, first next door 302 is under the thrust of useless dialysis solution, continuation is moved to the first dialysis solution zone 303, namely continuously via flow rate regulating valve 322, for dialysis solution entrance 338 supplies dialysis solution, owing to this moment constant flow rate valve 323 is closed, so, dialysis solution accumulates between flow rate regulating valve 322 ports of export and the dialysis solution entrance 338, thereby the pressure P 2 of flow rate regulating valve 322 ports of export will become big.In like manner, if the pressure P 1 of flow rate regulating valve 322 arrival ends is too small, when the pressure P 2 of the port of export is big, then the pressure in the recovery chamber 334 of constant flow rate valve 323 diminishes, then movable next door 333 is to reclaiming chamber 334 1 side shiftings, and when arriving to a certain degree, dialysis solution outlet 339 is left in movable next door, that is, constant flow rate valve 323 is opened.Situation when closing is compared, and the phenomenon that dialysis solution is assembled do not occur, so the pressure P 2 of flow rate regulating valve 322 ports of export will diminish.So, when fluctuation appears in the pressure differential at flow rate regulating valve 322 two ends, will adjust by constant flow rate valve 323, increase the reliability of the flow adjustment of flow rate regulating valve 322 greatly.
III, dialysis solution driving device 4
As shown in Figure 6, be the system flow chart of the dialysis solution driving device 4 of present embodiment.Dialysis solution driving device 4 comprises: the dialysis solution feeding portion 401 that is connected with an end of dialyser 8, it is used for the dialysis solution for preparing that dialysis solution stowage arrangement 3 is supplied with is supplied to dialyser 8, and the dialysis solution that is connected with the other end of dialyser 8 gives back portion 402, and it is used for making dialyser 8 used dialysis solution turn back to dialysis solution stowage arrangement 3.
Dialysis solution is given back portion 402 and is comprised interconnected hydraulic pressure detector 403, blood leakage detector 404, driving pump 405, circulating slot 406 successively according to the direction from dialyser 8 to dialysis solution stowage arrangement 3.And dialysis solution is given back portion 402 and is also comprised for the useless dialysis solution that driving pump 405 is discharged and resupply driving pump circulating line 407 to driving pump 405, and (operating pressure is 0.9kgf/cm also to be provided with overflow valve 408 on this driving pump circulating line 407 2).In addition, dialysis solution is given back portion 402 and is linked to each other with dialyser 8 by an end of hydraulic pressure detector 403, leans on an end of circulating slot 406 to be connected with waste liquid entrance 336 on the above-mentioned constant flow rate valve 323.Need to prove that in addition dialysis solution driving device 4 is only given back portion 402 at described dialysis solution and had driving pump 405 as dialysis solution driving device 4 power sources, has therefore not only reduced equipment cost and energy consumption, and also miniaturization comparatively of whole driving device structure.
Wherein, whether hydraulic pressure detector 403 to be used for the hydraulic pressure that the monitoring dialysis solution gives back in the pipeline of portion 402 normal.Blood leakage detector 404 is monitored by the transmittance of the useless dialysis solution in the pipeline of dialysis solution being given back portion 402, thereby judges in the useless dialysis solution whether sneak into blood; Particularly, photoelectrical coupler (figure slightly) is set in stream, when taking place to leak the situation of blood, the light receiving amount of photoelectrical coupler will reduce, and judges leakage blood with this.In addition, under the contaminated situation of blood leakage detector 404 self, even do not leak blood, the light-receiving amount of optocoupler is reduced and the generation false alarm, for fear of this situation, during trial run before dialysis (when dialyser 8 is not installed), blood leakage detector 404 is detected, preferably has under the situation that the light-receiving amount reduces the rise blood leakage detector 404 of this function of the output of light-emitting component.In addition, driving pump 405 is as the power source of dialysis solution driving device, not only drive the first waste liquid zone 304 (or second waste liquid zone 314 of second chamber 311) that is back to first chamber 301 from the used dialysis solution of dialyser 8 discharges, because the first waste liquid zone 304 constantly is supplied to waste liquid, promoting first next door 302 simultaneously moves to the first dialysis solution zone 303, impel the dialysis solution in first dialysis solution zone 303 to discharge, and through dialysis solution liquor charging passage 309, dialysis solution feeding portion 401 and be supplied to dialyser, thereby, whole drive part only needs a driving pump 405 can realize the driving process, and driving pump 405 is preferably magnetic suspension pump here.This compared with must use the situation of two pumps in the past, had reduced cost, had also realized miniaturization.And the setting of overflow valve 408 is to make the outlet side of circulating slot 406 keep certain pressure, the protecting component when also can be used as pressure anomaly simultaneously.Herein, the operating pressure with this overflow valve 408 is made as 0.9kgf/cm 2, the setting pressure 1.1kgf/cm of this and front feeding overflow valve 110 2Compare smaller.Because the temperature of the water in liquid-feeding pump 107 downstreams in the water feeder 1 is approximately (37 ℃～38 ℃), and the temperature of the water in driving pump 405 downstreams is about 35 ℃, thereby pressure also can correspondingly reduce, and therefore the operating pressure with overflow valve 408 is made as lower 0.9kgf/cm 2
Introduce dialysis solution feeding portion 401 below.Dialysis solution feeding portion 401 comprises the sample port 409 that connects successively according to the direction from dialyser 8 to dialysis solution stowage arrangement 3, the first temperature monitoring parts 410 (temperature detection critesistor) and the second temperature monitoring parts 411 (temperature revisal critesistor), the concentration monitor parts 412 (concentration monitor electrode) that are used for the concentration of the dialysis solution in the pipeline of monitoring dialysis solution feeding portion 401, and be used for making dialysis solution (the first stock solution A+, the second stock solution B+ water) abundant, mixed uniformly mixing channel 413.Dialysis solution feeding portion 401 is connected with dialyser 8 by an end of the first temperature monitoring parts 410, leans on an end of mixing channel 413 and dialysis solution on the above-mentioned constant flow rate valve 323 to export 339 and is connected.
In addition, dialysis solution driving device 4 also comprises is located at the other dismountable bypass adapter 414 of dialyser, and bypass adapter 414 herein is used for being communicated with dialysis solution feeding portion 401 and dialysis solution and gives back two ends by dialyser one end in the portion 402.In the practical operation, two ends by dialyser 8 one ends of giving back in the portion 402 at dialysis solution feeding portion 401 and dialysis solution are equipped with sample port 409, thereby, when needs are connected into bypass adapter 414, only need make two sample port 409 of its both ends and this be connected and get final product.Certainly, this bypass adapter 414 can not be connected in the path in normal dialysis procedure, just can use during the generally preparatory stage before dialysis, or wash phase described later.
In addition, be provided with two temperature components in above-mentioned dialysis solution feeding portion 401: the first temperature monitoring parts 410 (temperature detection critesistor) and the second temperature monitoring parts 411 (temperature revisal critesistor), be for mutual contrast on the one hand, when a side is broken down, can in time find and safeguard.On the other hand, the first above-mentioned temperature monitoring parts 410 are and and the temperature control critesistor coordination that is provided with in the dialysis solution accent liquid device 11.Particularly, the temperature difference of monitor temperature control critesistor 105 and the first temperature monitoring parts 410 when this difference is big, can think that the temperature of dialysis solution does not reach the regulation requirement, 104 pairs of water sources of control heater heat, and improve the temperature of dialysis solution with this.
Above-mentioned when dialysis solution stowage arrangement 3 is introduced, will be except water pump 321, constant flow rate valve 323, flow-sensint unit 324, and flow rate regulating valve 322 incorporates in the scope into dialysis solution stowage arrangement 3.In fact, above-mentioned four elements also can incorporate in the scope into dialysis solution driving device 4 as the parts of flow adjustment.In addition, mixing channel 413 not only can be arranged between constant flow rate valve 323 and the concentration monitor parts 412, also can select to be arranged on the dialysis solution liquor charging passage 309 (figure slightly), thereby make the dialysis solution for preparing that flows out from the dialysis solution zone to realize mixing more equably at once.
Next, in conjunction with above-mentioned dialysis solution stowage arrangement 3, the work process of whole dialysis solution driving device 4 is described (control procedure for constant flow rate valve 323 was introduced in detail, so locate to repeat no more).At first, make driving pump 405 runnings as driving force, then pass through the abundant stirring of mixing channel 413, after even the mixing, enter flow-sensint unit 324 and flow rate regulating valve 322 from the dialysis solution of dialysis solution stowage arrangement 3, the flowing time of corresponding dialysis solution is adjusted its flow.Afterwards, after having been undertaken further adjusting by 323 pairs of flows of constant flow rate valve, enter successively after concentration monitor parts 412, the second temperature monitoring parts 411, the first temperature monitoring parts 410 and the sample port 409, enter into the entrance of dialyser 8.After the blood that enters into dialysis solution in the dialyser 8 and patient acts on fully, dialyses, from the outlet of dialyser 8 behind sample port 409, hydraulic pressure detector 403, blood leakage detector 404, driving pump 405, via constant flow rate valve 323, enter in the waste liquid zone (the second waste liquid zone 314 of first waste liquid zone, 304 or second chamber 311 of first chamber 301) of chamber.Namely constitute a complete circulation, and the amount of the amount of the concrete dialysis solution for preparing that enters dialyser 8 and the used dialysis solution that returns from dialyser 8 guarantees the balance of revenue and expenditure by dialysis solution stowage arrangement 3.
In addition, when cleaning in the preparatory stage or to dialysis apparatus, the end that dialysis solution feeding portion 401 and dialysis solution are given back the close dialyser of portion 402 is connected to the two ends of bypass adapter 414, plays the effect that makes whole system constitute path.
In addition, the structure of this dialysis solution driving device also is not limited thereto, and for example, the order of connection of above-mentioned each element can be any as required also; Hydraulic pressure detector 403 also can be arranged in the dialysis solution feeding portion 401.When thinking that dialysis solution driving device 4 comprises constant flow rate valve 323, can think that constant flow rate valve 323 is located at dialysis solution feeding portion 401 and dialysis solution is given back between the portion 402, and be used for regulate and to be applied to dialysis solution feeding portion 401 and dialysis solution and to give back fluid pressure in the pipeline of portion 402.And comprise in the dialysis solution feeding portion 401 and namely be not limited to two temperature monitoring parts for the temperature monitoring parts of temperature in the monitoring dialysis solution feeding portion pipeline, also can be one, three even a plurality of.
IV, dialysis solution rinser 5
The dialysis solution rinser 5 of present embodiment comprises: at least one cleanout fluid provides portion, and by the cleaning cover that pipeline one end is connected with this cleanout fluid portion of providing, an end is connected with the cleaning end interface of dialysis apparatus, has taken in this cleaning end interface in this cleaning cover.This cleanout fluid portion of providing comprises that container and the valve that provides container to be connected with this cleanout fluid are provided cleanout fluid, when this cleanout fluid portion of providing is a plurality of, after each this cleanout fluid provides the valve of portion all to have an end and other cleanout fluid to provide the respective end of the valve of portion to interconnect, be connected with this filter washing water inlet of this cleaning cover.Lower end or middle part are located in the filter washing water inlet of this cleaning cover.
And cleanout fluid provides the number of portion, the kind of cleanout fluid, the number of cleaning cover not to limit, (being determined by the situation that arranges of cleaning end interface) can be chosen according to actual needs, here to choose two kinds of cleanout fluid: medicinal liquid and acid solution, select two cleaning covers to describe for example, Figure 7 shows that the system flow chart of dialysis solution rinser 5.As shown in Figure 7, the above-mentioned cleanout fluid portion of providing comprises: first cleanout fluid that is equipped with medicinal liquid provides container 501 and connected valve V20-1, valve V18; Second cleanout fluid that is equipped with acid solution provides container 511 and connected valve V20-2, valve V19; Clean cover and comprise that the first stock solution A cleans cover 502, the second stock solution B and cleans cover 512; Middle part or bottom (figure slightly) of cleaning cover 502 at the first stock solution A also are provided with first filter washing water inlet 503, and middle part or bottom (figure slightly) of cleaning cover 512 at the second stock solution B also are provided with second filter washing water inlet 513.The annexation of above-mentioned each element is as follows: namely valve V18 and V19 provide an end of container to interconnect away from cleanout fluid after, be connected with second filter washing water inlet 513 with first filter washing water inlet 503.
Here, clean the stock solution drawing section of end interface for transferring liquid device 11 to be provided with at the dialysis solution of dialysis apparatus, and each stock solution drawing section has the size that can be complementary with above-mentioned cleaning cover.The conduct of cleanout fluid driver part is used for providing the cleanout fluid in the container to be drawn into the parts that clean end interface via cleaning cover cleanout fluid, can adopt raw liquor pump 201 ' (piston pump 201) in the dialysis solution accent liquid device 11.Next introduce the situation of the whole dialysis apparatus of dialysis solution rinser 5 cleanings (because other each several part of dialysis apparatus has all been done detailed introduction and diagram in the above, thereby, be that example describes with the Fig. 7 that has comprised dialysis solution making parts 2 and dialysis solution rinser 5 only here).As shown in Figure 7, in aforementioned introduction about dialysis solution making parts 2, to adopt two kinds of stock solutions: the first stock solution A and the second stock solution B, and be provided with two stock solution drawing sections: the first stock solution A drawing section 212 and the second stock solution B drawing section 222 describe for example, and with the drive source of piston pump 201 as the various stock solutions of absorption.When the dialysis solution rinser 5 of present embodiment is used for cleaning dialysis apparatus, place first stock solution A cleaning cover, 502, second stock solution B cleaning to overlap in the middle of 512 respectively the first stock solution A drawing section 212 and the second stock solution B drawing section 222, like this, in the specific operation process, provide corresponding valve in the portion as long as open cleanout fluid, make and piston pump 201 actions just can provide container to enter dosing pipeline 202 via cleaning cover, stock solution drawing section, stock solution suction passage from cleanout fluid cleanout fluid.Transfer liquid device 11 as entrance with dialysis solution, utilize the circulation line of former dialysis solution to flow through whole dialysis apparatus inside, to reach better cleaning effect.
In the above-described embodiment, the structure of dialysis solution rinser 5 is not limited to this, can also be other.For example: the number of cleaning cover is corresponding according to the number of cleaning end interface.And when cleanout fluid provides portion's number to be one, can comprise directly that cleanout fluid provides container, and not necessarily to comprise valve; When the cleanout fluid portion of providing when being a plurality of, each cleanout fluid provide portion valve provide the end of container also can not to be connected away from cleanout fluid, but respectively by independent pipeline with connecting between the filter washing water inlet of cleaning cover.In addition, cleaning end interface and be not limited to the stock solution drawing section, also can be the joint that is provided with of dosing pipeline etc.And clean end interface and not only can be located at dialysis solution accent liquid device, also can be located at the other parts of dialysis apparatus, for example position such as dialysis solution stowage arrangement 3, dialysis solution driving device 4.Simultaneously, present embodiment is to transfer raw liquor pump 201 in the liquid device 11 ' as (namely the transferring the raw liquor pump 201 of the absorption dialysis solution stock solution of liquid device 11 ' as the cleanout fluid driver part of this dialysis solution rinser 5 with dialysis solution) of the drive source of dialysis solution rinser 5 with dialysis solution, in the process of practical operation, also can be so that be provided with independently drive source (for example driving pump of piston pump or other kind etc.) in the dialysis solution rinser 5, can increase its versatility greatly like this, be not limited in specific dialysis apparatus and use, even can be as the device for cleaning of non-dialysis device.In addition, can also be according to the actual needs at the ad-hoc location of dialysis solution rinser 5 filter be set, for example, can be respectively provide between the container 501 at valve V20-1 and first cleanout fluid, provide between the container 511 and at valve V18 with clean between the filter washing water inlet of cover and connect filter at valve V20-2 and second cleanout fluid.
In addition, as shown in Figure 7, valve V20-1 is made as the valve that to open three directions (first direction, second direction, third direction) simultaneously, the first direction port is connected with valve V18, make second direction port and first cleanout fluid provide container 501 to be connected, and, when above-mentioned both direction conducting, be called first conducting state of valve V20-1.Make the third direction port of valve V20-1 be communicated with Drainage pipe 506 by check valve 504, and when first direction and the conducting of third direction port, be called second conducting state of valve V20-1.In like manner valve V20-2 is made as the valve that to open three directions (four directions is to, the 5th direction, the 6th direction) simultaneously, the four directions is connected with valve V19 to port, make the 5th direction port and second cleanout fluid provide container 511 to be connected, and, when above-mentioned both direction conducting, be called first conducting state of valve V20-2.The 6th direction port that makes valve V20-2 is communicated with Drainage pipes 507 by check valve 505, and when the four directions to the 6th direction port conducting the time, be called second conducting state of valve V20-2.
Also of particular note, when 5 pairs of whole dialysis apparatuss of dialysis solution rinser clean, being located at dialysis solution transfers the liquid-feeding pump 107 of liquid device 11 that the water pressurization of outside supply, the water that also will pressurize and the mixed liquor of cleanout fluid are delivered to dialysis solution stowage arrangement 3, and the driving pump 405 of being located at dialysis solution driving device 4 will be delivered to dialysis solution driving device 4 inside by the water of dialysis solution stowage arrangement 3 supplies and the mixed liquor of cleanout fluid, thereby at the inner liquid flow path that forms of whole dialysis apparatus.
In addition, because the dialysis apparatus of present embodiment has adopted above-mentioned dialysis solution rinser 5, therefore the above-mentioned all embodiments about dialysis solution rinser 5 comprise that various distortion also all are applicable to this dialysis apparatus.
Below, the concrete cleaning method of dialysis apparatus is described.
That is, the dialysis solution cleaning method of present embodiment may further comprise the steps:
(1), the preparatory stage: usefulness bypass adapter replaces dialyser and is connected with dialysis solution driving device 4, each stock solution drawing section is put into cleaned cover.
Particularly, under the state of closing each valve V10, V11, V12, V26, V18, V20-1, V19, V20-2, the first stock solution A drawing section 212 and the second stock solution B drawing section 222 are taken out from the first stock solution A container 210 and the second stock solution B container 220 respectively, and be positioned over respectively within first stock solution A cleaning cover, the 502 and second stock solution B cleaning cover 512.Owing in the cleaning process, the first stock solution A drawing section, 212 integral body are soaked in the middle of the cleanout fluid of first stock solution A cleaning cover, 502 inside, thereby can guarantee that the internal-external of the first stock solution A drawing section 212 all is cleaned, thereby reach good cleaning effect.And the situation of the second stock solution B drawing section 222 is also similar, repeats no more herein.
(2) provide container 501 to be drawn in the dialysis apparatus from first cleanout fluid first cleanout fluid (the following medicinal liquid that also claims).
Particularly, open valve V11, V18, V20-1 (being in first conducting state), shut off valve V10, V12, V26, V19, V20-2, the piston of piston pump 201 is pulled ormal weight downwards, then first cleanout fluid provides medicinal liquid in the container 501 by being drawn to dialysis apparatus as lower channel: namely pass through filter successively, valve V20-1, valve V18, behind the filter, first filter washing water inlet 503 of cleaning cover 502 middle parts through the first stock solution A enters first stock solution A cleaning cover 502, after 212 inside and outsides, the first stock solution A drawing section are fully cleaned, again by the first stock solution A filter 213, valve V11, enter the dosing pipeline 202 of dialysis apparatus, under the combined effect of liquid-feeding pump 107 and driving pump 405 at whole dialysis apparatus internal recycle.If (that perhaps open in this step is valve V12, V18, V20-1 (being in first conducting state), then medicinal liquid is after passing through filter, valve V20-1, valve V18, filter successively, second filter washing water inlet 513 of cleaning cover 512 middle parts through the second stock solution B enters second stock solution B cleaning cover, 512 inside, after 222 inside and outsides, the second stock solution B drawing section are fully cleaned, again by the second stock solution B filter 223, valve V12, enter the dosing pipeline 202 of dialysis apparatus, under the combined effect of liquid-feeding pump 107 and driving pump 405 at whole dialysis apparatus internal recycle.) like this, can make first cleanout fluid provide the medicinal liquid in the container 501 to flow through the first stock solution A suction passage 211 (or second stock solution B suction passage 221) and enter dialysis apparatus, also can clean the first stock solution A suction passage 211 (or second stock solution B suction passage 221).
(3) make the current in the dialysis apparatus logical, dilute liquid medicine, and the medicinal liquid after the dilution is cleaned the inside of whole dialysis apparatus.
Particularly, only open valve V10, V26, shut off valve V11, V12, V18, V20-1, V19, V20-2 make above-mentioned liquid-feeding pump 107 move, thereby make water in the dialysis apparatus inner loop.In this process, the piston of piston pump 201 moves upward and turns back to the position of regulation, thereby is that follow-up work process is got ready.
(4) make the water in the dialysis apparatus continue circulation, dialysis apparatus inside is cleaned.When soon finishing, the piston of piston pump 201 is pulled down the position of getting regulation, make the pump chamber on top of piston pump 201 be full of water.
(5) make medicinal liquid between piston pump 201 and the valve V20-1 return first cleanout fluid container 501 is provided.
Particularly, open valve V11, V18, V20-1 (first conducting state), shut off valve V10, V12, V26, V19, V20-2, and the piston that makes piston pump 201 ormal weight (volume of the ducted medicinal liquid between the volume of the water that this amount of moving upward is discharged and piston pump 201 and the valve V20-1 equates) that moves upward, provide in the container 501 thereby the medicinal liquid between piston pump 201 and the valve V20-1 is pushed back first cleanout fluid, can prevent the dialysis solution of liquid medicine contamination in the follow-up dialysis apparatus operation process like this.
(6) the pipeline space water between piston pump 201 and valve V20-1 is replaced fully.Particularly, make valve V11, V18 continues to keep opening state, make valve V20-1 be in second conducting state, shut off valve V10, V12, V26, V19, V20-2, and the piston that makes piston pump 201 move upward required amount (with this water of being discharged of moving upward can be fully with the flushing of pipeline between piston pump 201 and the valve V20-1 totally for good), thereby water is via first direction and the third direction of valve V20-1, enter Drainage pipe 506 via check valve 504, namely, with the complete water displacement of the pipeline between piston pump 201 and the valve V20-1, can fully clean residual medicinal liquid in the pipeline or among the valve V20-1 like this, also can prevent the dialysis solution stock solution of liquid medicine contamination in the follow-up dialysis apparatus operation process.
So far, finished with the cleaning of medicinal liquid to whole dialysis apparatus.Next the process of dialysis apparatus being cleaned with acid solution will be described.This process and said process are similar:
(7) provide container 511 to be drawn in the dialysis apparatus from second cleanout fluid second cleanout fluid (the following acid solution that also claims).
Particularly, open valve V12, V19, V20-2 (being in first conducting state), shut off valve V10, V11, V26, V18, V20-1, the piston of piston pump 201 is pulled ormal weight downwards, then second cleanout fluid provides acid solution in the container 511 by being drawn to dialysis apparatus as lower channel: namely pass through filter successively, valve V20-2, valve V19, behind the filter, second filter washing water inlet 513 of cleaning cover 512 middle parts through the second stock solution B enters second stock solution B cleaning cover, 512 inside, after 222 inside and outsides, the second stock solution B drawing section are fully cleaned, again by the second stock solution B filter 223, valve V12, enter the dosing pipeline 202 of dialysis apparatus, under the combined effect of liquid-feeding pump 107 and driving pump 405 at whole dialysis apparatus internal recycle.If (perhaps in this step, open valve V11, V19, V20-2 (being in first conducting state), acid solution is after passing through filter, valve V20-2, valve V19, filter successively so, will clean first filter washing water inlet 503 of overlapping 502 middle parts through the first stock solution A and enter first stock solution A cleaning cover 502, after 212 inside and outsides, the first stock solution A drawing section are fully cleaned, again by the first stock solution A filter 213, valve V11, enter the dosing pipeline 202 of dialysis apparatus, under the combined effect of liquid-feeding pump 107 and driving pump 405 at whole dialysis apparatus internal recycle.) like this, can make second cleanout fluid provide the acid solution in the container 511 to flow through the second stock solution B suction passage 221 (or first stock solution A suction passage 211) and enter dialysis apparatus, can realize the cleaning to the second stock solution B suction passage 221 (or first stock solution A suction passage 211).
(8) make the current in the dialysis apparatus logical, the dilution acid solution, and the acid solution after the dilution is cleaned the inside of whole dialysis apparatus.
Particularly, only open valve V10 and V26, shut off valve V11, V12, V18, V20-1, V19, V20-2 make above-mentioned liquid-feeding pump 107 move, thereby make water in the dialysis apparatus inner loop.In this process, the piston of piston pump 201 moves upward and turns back to the position of regulation, thereby is that follow-up work process is got ready.
(9) make the water in the dialysis apparatus continue circulation, dialysis apparatus inside is cleaned.When soon finishing, the piston of piston pump 201 is pulled down the position of getting regulation, make the pump chamber on top of piston pump 201 be full of water.
(10) make acid solution between piston pump 201 and the valve V20-2 return second cleanout fluid container 511 is provided.
Particularly, open valve V12, V19, V20-2 (first conducting state), shut off valve V10, V11, V26, V18, V20-1, and with the piston of piston pump 201 ormal weight (volume of the ducted acid solution between the volume of this water of discharging of moving upward and piston pump 201 and the valve V20-2 equates) that moves upward, provide in the container 511 thereby the acid solution between piston pump 201 and the valve V20-2 is pushed back second cleanout fluid, can prevent that like this acid solution from polluteing the dialysis solution in the follow-up dialysis apparatus operation process.
(11) the pipeline space water between piston pump 201 and valve V20-2 is replaced fully.Particularly, make valve V12, V19 continues to keep opening state, make valve V20-2 be in second conducting state, shut off valve V10, V11, V26, V18, V20-1, and the piston that makes piston pump 201 move upward required amount (with this water of being discharged of moving upward can be fully with the flushing of pipeline between piston pump 201 and the valve V20-2 totally for good), thereby water via the four directions of valve V20-2 to the 6th direction, enter Drainage pipe 507 via check valve 505, namely, with the complete water displacement of the pipeline between piston pump 201 and the valve V20-2, can fully clean residual acid solution in the pipeline or among the valve V20-2 like this, can prevent that also acid solution from polluteing the dialysis solution stock solution in the follow-up dialysis apparatus operation process.
Temperature (for example preferred more than 90 ℃) when (12) using aforesaid heater 104 that water is heated to above common dialysis is at last come whole dialysis apparatus inside is cleaned.Particularly, shut off valve V11 and V12, make hot water enter dialysis solution successively and transfer liquid device 11, dialysis solution stowage arrangement 3, dialysis solution driving device 4 (forming path by bypass adapter 414), enter dialysis solution retracting device 6 described later again, thereby reach the purpose of cleaning whole dialysis apparatus system.
Certainly, of the present inventionly still carry out the cleaning of acid solution branch road earlier about the cleaning of carrying out the medicinal liquid branch road earlier, its order also can freely be selected according to the situation of reality.
V, dialysis solution discharger 6
Be illustrated in figure 8 as the total system flow chart of dialysis apparatus.
Dialysis solution discharge portion 6 is used for used dialysis solution is discharged to outside the system.As shown in Figure 8, the dialysis solution discharge portion 6 of present embodiment has the Drainage pipe 601 that links to each other with the waste liquid apocenosis passage of dialysis solution stowage arrangement 3, and this Drainage pipe 601 is through aforementioned heat exchanger 103, as the heat exchange source of the cold water that enters into water feeder 1.
Next, with reference to Fig. 8, the work process of whole dialysis apparatus is described.
A, at first be the preparatory stage, with bypass adapter 414 be connected to dialysis solution feeding portion 401 and dialysis solution give back in the portion 402 by on two ends of dialyser 8 one ends, whole system is formed a fluid path.
B, start the water supply part 1 that dialysis solution is transferred liquid device 11 then, make in the fluid path of whole system to be full of water, remove the air in the pipeline as much as possible.
Particularly, after the water that the process of supplying with from the outside purifies or comparatively cleans enters first pipeline 111, through carrying out purification filtering for liquid filter 101, after impurity or foreign body removal, entering air relief valve 102 reduces pressure to it, carry out preheating by heat exchanger 103 again through post-decompression water, reach after certain temperature, enter heater 104 and carry out further heat temperature raising, after this, make the air expansion that dissolves in the water via choke manifold 106, assembling becomes bigger bubble, after pressurizeing through liquid-feeding pump 107 again, make that in deaerating tank 108 gas that contains in the water is emitted, namely obtain having set point of temperature, Jie Jing water comparatively.This moisture is two-way, and one the road flows into circulating line 109, again behind feeding overflow valve 110, converges with water from heat exchanger 103, is heated by heater 104 again, has formed the cyclic process of a part herein to satisfy the water demand in the system at any time; Other one tunnel dosing pipeline 202 through dialysis solution producing device 2 enters dialysis solution stowage arrangement 3, then through dialysis solution driving device 4, turns back to dialysis solution stowage arrangement 3 again, the dialysis solution discharger 6 discharge systems through being connected with dialysis solution stowage arrangement 3.
This stage can take down bypass adapter 414 after finishing, and dialysis solution feeding portion 401 is connected with the entrance and exit of dialyser respectively with two ends by dialyser one end that dialysis solution is given back in the portion 402.Prepare the beginning dialysis procedure.
C, transfer the dialysis solution of liquid device 11 to make parts 2 preparation dialysis solution by dialysis solution.
Particularly, water uniform temperature, clean was arranged after inflow-rate of water turbine adjustment choke manifold 209 is carried out the flow adjustment through what water supply part 1 was handled, entered in the piston pump 201 through valve V10.The method of concrete preparation dialysis solution comprises the steps:
(1) this first dosing pipeline 205, the second dosing pipeline 206, the 3rd dosing pipeline 207 are all filled with water, just make whole dosing pipeline 202 be full of water.
(2) the first stock solution A and the second stock solution B with ormal weight is drawn into respectively in the first dosing pipeline 205 and in the second dosing pipeline 206.
(3) through above-mentioned steps (2) afterwards, the first stock solution A and the second stock solution B are drawn into respectively in the first dosing pipeline 205 and the second dosing pipeline 206, and diluted to a certain extent by the water that had originally in the dosing pipeline 202, proceed last step then: this first dosing pipeline 205, the second dosing pipeline 206, the 3rd dosing pipeline 207 are supplied with water, the first stock solution A, the second dosing pipeline, the 206 interior second stock solution B and the water of drawing drawn in the liquid distribution pipe road 205 of winning are supplied in the dialysis solution stowage arrangement 3.
D, coordinate dialysis solution by dialysis solution stowage arrangement 3 and transfer liquid devices 11, dialysis solution driving device 4,6 pairs of dialysis solution that prepare of dialysis solution discharger and used dialysis solution to allocate.
Particularly, the aforesaid operations process may further comprise the steps:
(1) makes first waste liquid zone 304 of first chamber 301 reclaim used dialysis solution, make first dialysis solution zone, the 303 interior dialysis solution that prepare of first chamber 301 deliver to dialyser 8; Make second dialysis solution zone 313 of second chamber 311 preserve the dialysis solution for preparing, second waste liquid zone, the 314 interior used dialysis solution of second chamber 311 are discharged.
Particularly, in the above-mentioned steps (1), start the driving pump of being located on the dialysis solution driving device 4 405, when making system be in normal operation as drive source, open the second storage valve V8 that is located on second dialysis solution storage passage 316, be located at the second tapping valve V6 on the second waste liquid apocenosis passage 318, be located at the first recovery valve V4 on the first waste liquid recovery approach 307, be located at the first liquor charging valve V2 on the first dialysis solution liquor charging passage 305, and close other four valves.Then first chamber 301 and 311 co-operatings of second chamber.
The work process of first chamber 301 is described first.Namely from the used dialysis solution of dialyser 8 from the outlet of dialyser 8 behind sample port 409, hydraulic pressure detector 403, blood leakage detector 404, driving pump 405, via constant flow rate valve 323, the first waste liquid recovery approach 307 and enter into the first waste liquid zone 304 of first chamber 301; In this process, side by side oppress first next door 302, to first dialysis solution zone, 303 1 side shiftings, make in the middle of first dialysis solution zone 303, in last cycle of operation dialysis solution that preserved, that prepare, enter mixing channel 413 via the first dialysis solution liquor charging passage 305, after the abundant stirring of mixing channel 413, even mixing, enter flow-sensint unit 324 and flow rate regulating valve 322, the flowing time of corresponding dialysis solution is adjusted its flow.Afterwards, after having been undertaken further adjusting by 323 pairs of flows of constant flow rate valve, enter successively after concentration monitor parts 412, the second temperature monitoring parts 411, the first temperature monitoring parts 410 and the sample port 409, enter into the entrance of dialyser 8.
Meanwhile, second chamber 311 carries out following work process: namely transfer the dialysis solution for preparing of the dosing pipeline 202 of liquid device 11 from above-mentioned dialysis solution, enter in the second dialysis solution zone 313 of second chamber 311 via second dialysis solution storage passage 316; In this process, side by side oppress second next door 312 to second waste liquid zone, 314 1 side shiftings, make second waste liquid zone, 314 interior, in last cycle of operation, preserved, the used dialysis solution of second chamber 311, be discharged to via the second waste liquid apocenosis passage 318 in the Drainage pipe 601 of dialysis solution discharger 6.
(2) make second waste liquid zone 314 of second chamber 311 reclaim used dialysis solution, make second dialysis solution zone, the 313 interior dialysis solution that prepare of second chamber 311 deliver to dialyser 8; Make first dialysis solution zone 303 of first chamber 301 preserve the dialysis solution for preparing, first waste liquid zone, the 304 interior used dialysis solution of first chamber 301 are discharged.
In the above-mentioned steps (2), open the second liquor charging valve V7 that is located on the second dialysis solution liquor charging passage 315, be located at the second recovery valve V5 on the second waste liquid recovery approach 317, be located at the first tapping valve V3 on the first waste liquid apocenosis passage 308, be located at the first storage valve V1 on first dialysis solution storage passage 306, and close other four valves, then first chamber 301 and 311 co-operatings of second chamber.
The work process of second chamber 311 is described first.Namely from the used dialysis solution of dialyser 8 from the outlet of dialyser 8 behind sample port 409, hydraulic pressure detector 403, blood leakage detector 404, driving pump 405, enter into the second waste liquid zone 314 of second chamber 311 via constant flow rate valve 323, the second waste liquid recovery approach 317; In this process, side by side oppress second next door 312 to second dialysis solution zone, 313 1 side shiftings, make in the second dialysis solution zone 313, in last step dialysis solution that preserved, that prepare, enter mixing channel 413 via the second dialysis solution liquor charging passage 315, through the abundant stirring of mixing channel 413, after even the mixing, enter flow-sensint unit 324 and flow rate regulating valve 322, the flowing time of corresponding dialysis solution is adjusted its flow.Afterwards, after having been undertaken further adjusting by 323 pairs of flows of constant flow rate valve, enter successively after concentration monitor parts 412, the second temperature monitoring parts 411, the first temperature monitoring parts 410 and the sample port 409, enter into the entrance of dialyser 8.
Meanwhile, first chamber 301 carries out following work process: namely transfer the dialysis solution for preparing of the dosing pipeline 202 of liquid device 11 from above-mentioned dialysis solution, enter in the first dialysis solution zone 303 of first chamber 301 via first dialysis solution storage passage 306; In this process, side by side oppress first next door 302 to first waste liquid zone, 304 1 side shiftings, make first waste liquid zone, 304 interior, in last step, preserved, the used dialysis solution of first chamber 301, be discharged to via the first waste liquid apocenosis passage 308 in the Drainage pipe 601 of dialysis solution discharger 6.
In above-mentioned adaptation step, guarantee the second liquor charging valve V7, the second recovery valve V5, the first tapping valve V3 and first storage valve V1 switch simultaneously.Switch when guaranteeing the second storage valve V8, the second tapping valve V6, the first recovery valve V4, the first liquor charging valve V2.Like this in the process of whole dialysis treatment, above-mentioned two steps that hocket repeatedly, thus carry out the allotment of dialysis solution continuously.As long as repeat constantly to carry out above step (1), step (2), first chamber 301 and second chamber 311 alternate functions constantly just then, the storage of the dialysis solution that namely prepares continuously, liquor charging, the recovery of used dialysis solution, discharge opeing operation.
In sum, only need dialysis solution to transfer liquid device 11 to prepare continuously and have certain density dialysis solution, and offer dialysis solution stowage arrangement 3, dialysis solution stowage arrangement 3 is coordinated dialysis solution and is transferred liquid devices 11, dialysis solution discharger 6, dialysis solution driving device 4 to move jointly, can strictly guarantee to enter the dialysis solution for preparing of dialyser and the balance between revenue and expenditure of the useless dialysis liquid measure returned from dialyser.Certainly, when needed, also can start be located at (between driving pump outlet 405 and the Drainage pipe 601) between waste liquid apocenosis passage 320 and the waste liquid recovery approach 319 except water pump 321, should work as the moisture of getting rid of as urine to be used for removing in the human body.
And dialysis solution rinser 5 is used for after dialysis treatment carries out preceding or carries out whole dialysis apparatus inside being cleaned.Concrete cleaning process can be with reference to the description of IV part in this description.

Claims (15)

1. dialysis solution stowage arrangement, it is characterized in that, comprise: at least two chambers, each chamber interior is equipped with the next door that this chamber is separated into dialysis solution zone and waste liquid zone, thereby this next door can be moved in chamber the volume in described dialysis solution zone and waste liquid zone is changed, described dialysis solution stowage arrangement also comprises dialysis solution passage and waste fluid channel, described dialysis solution passage comprises dialysis solution liquor charging passage (309) and dialysis solution storage passage (310), described waste fluid channel comprises waste liquid recovery approach (319) and waste liquid apocenosis passage (320), described dialysis solution liquor charging passage (309) one ends are connected with the dialysis solution zone of each chamber respectively, the other end can be connected with dialyser (8) input, described dialysis solution storage passage (310) one ends are connected with the dialysis solution zone of each chamber respectively, the other end can transfer liquid device (11) to be connected with dialysis solution, described waste liquid recovery approach (319) one ends are connected with the waste liquid zone of each chamber respectively, the other end can be connected with dialyser (8) outfan, described waste liquid apocenosis passage (320) one ends are connected with the waste liquid zone of each chamber respectively, the other end can be connected with dialysis solution discharger (6), be provided with dialysis solution liquor charging valve at dialysis solution liquor charging passage (309), be provided with dialysis solution storage valve at dialysis solution storage passage (310), be provided with the waste liquid recovery valve at waste liquid recovery approach (319), be provided with the waste liquid tapping valve at waste liquid apocenosis passage (320); When dialysis solution is preserved in the dialysis solution zone of each chamber, its waste liquid zone effluent discharge, when dialysis solution was sent in the dialysis solution zone of each chamber, waste liquid was reclaimed in its waste liquid zone; Above-mentioned each chamber is grouped into the first chamber group and the second chamber group, when dialysis solution is preserved in the dialysis solution zone of the first chamber group, dialysis solution is sent in the dialysis solution zone of the second chamber group, when waste liquid is reclaimed in the waste liquid zone of the first chamber group, the waste liquid zone effluent discharge of the second chamber group, the summation of the volume of the chamber of the participation work process of the described first chamber group equates with the summation of the volume of the chamber of the participation work process of the second chamber group.
2. dialysis solution stowage arrangement according to claim 1 is characterized in that:
Described chamber has two, and belongs to the first chamber group and the second chamber group respectively.
3. dialysis solution stowage arrangement according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: between described waste liquid apocenosis passage (320) and described waste liquid recovery approach (319), be provided with for extract from the useless dialysis solution of giving back a certain amount of useless dialysis solution except water pump (321), the described a certain amount of amount that is equivalent to the urine that dialyser gives from blood.
4. dialysis solution stowage arrangement according to claim 1 is characterized in that: also be provided with flow rate regulating valve (322) on the described dialysis solution liquor charging passage (309).
5. dialysis solution stowage arrangement according to claim 4 is characterized in that: be provided with the constant flow rate valve (323) that is applied to the fluid pressure at flow rate regulating valve (322) two ends for adjusting between described dialysis solution liquor charging passage (309) and described waste liquid recovery approach (319).
6. dialysis solution stowage arrangement according to claim 4 is characterized in that: also be provided with on the described dialysis solution liquor charging passage (309) for the flow-sensint unit (324) of mobile time of the dialysis solution in the monitoring dialysis solution liquor charging passage (309).
7. dialysis apparatus, comprise the dialysis solution accent liquid device (11), dialysis solution stowage arrangement (3) and the dialysis solution driving device (4) that connect successively, described dialysis solution driving device (4) offers dialyser (8) with the dialysis solution in the dialysis solution stowage arrangement (3), and the used dialysis solution of dialyser (8) turned back to dialysis solution stowage arrangement (3), it is characterized in that: described dialysis solution stowage arrangement (3) is as each described dialysis solution stowage arrangement (3) in the claim 1～6.
8. dialysis apparatus according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: described dialysis solution transfers liquid device (11) to link to each other with described dialysis solution storage passage (310), and described dialysis solution driving device (4) links to each other with waste liquid recovery approach (319) with described dialysis solution liquor charging passage (309).
9. a dialysis solution is transferred the liquid method, be to have adopted dialysis solution to transfer liquid device (11) and the dialysis solution that carries out is transferred the liquid method, it is characterized in that, described dialysis solution transfers liquid device (11) to comprise: dialysis solution stowage arrangement (3) and be used for drawing the raw liquor pump (201 ') of stock solution is connected in series with the first dosing pipeline (205), the second dosing pipeline (206) and the 3rd dosing pipeline (207) respectively between raw liquor pump (201 ') and the dialysis solution stowage arrangement (3);
Described dialysis solution transfers the liquid method in turn include the following steps:
(1) the described first dosing pipeline (205), the second dosing pipeline (206) and the 3rd dosing pipeline (207) are all filled with water;
(2) with the first stock solution A of ormal weight with the second stock solution B is drawn in the first dosing pipeline (205) and in the second dosing pipeline (206);
(3) the described first dosing pipeline (205), the second dosing pipeline (206) and the 3rd dosing pipeline (207) are all supplied with water, make the interior second stock solution B and the water of drawing in the liquid distribution pipe road (205) of winning of drawing of the first stock solution A, the second dosing pipeline (206) supply to dialysis solution stowage arrangement (3);
Repeat above-mentioned steps successively, the continual preparation of carrying out dialysis solution.
10. dialysis solution according to claim 9 is transferred the liquid method, it is characterized in that described dialysis solution transfers liquid device (11) also to comprise: the first stock solution A container (210), the second stock solution B container (220), the first stock solution A suction passage (211) and the second stock solution B suction passage (221); The first stock solution A container (210) is connected in the intersection of the first dosing pipeline (205) and the second dosing pipeline (206) by the first stock solution A suction passage (211), and the second stock solution B container (220) is connected in the intersection of the second dosing pipeline (206) and the 3rd dosing pipeline (207) by the second stock solution B suction passage (221); Raw liquor pump (201 ') is the pump that relies on reciprocating member to move back and forth to make that swept volume alternately increases in the cylinder in pumping cylinder, dwindle to draw stock solution, and described raw liquor pump (201 ') entrance links to each other with the water source, exports to link to each other with the first dosing pipeline (205).
11. dialysis solution according to claim 10 is transferred the liquid method, it is characterized in that, in the step (2), the water source of raw liquor pump (201 ') entrance is closed, make reciprocating member to the direction motion away from raw liquor pump (201 ') outlet, the first stock solution A, the second stock solution B are drawn in the first dosing pipeline (205) and the second dosing pipeline (206).
12. dialysis solution according to claim 9 is transferred the liquid method, it is characterized in that, described dialysis solution stowage arrangement (3) is as each described dialysis solution stowage arrangement (3) in the claim 1～6, in the step (3), the first stock solution A, the second stock solution B and water are supplied in the dialysis solution zone of chamber, and the summation of the volume of the described first stock solution A, the second stock solution B and water equates with the volume of chamber.
13. dialysis solution according to claim 9 is transferred the liquid method, it is characterized in that described raw liquor pump (201 ') is piston pump (201).
14. transfer the liquid method according to each described dialysis solution in the claim 9～13, it is characterized in that step (2) also in turn includes the following steps:
(2-1) the first stock solution A with ormal weight sucks in the first dosing pipeline (205);
(2-2) the second stock solution B with ormal weight sucks in the second dosing pipeline (206);
The length of the first dosing pipeline (205) makes that after utilizing raw liquor pump (201 ') to draw the first stock solution A, the back absorption second stock solution B earlier, the first stock solution A can not enter raw liquor pump (201 ').
15. transfer the liquid method according to each described dialysis solution in the claim 9～13, it is characterized in that step (2) also in turn includes the following steps:
(2-11) the second stock solution B with ormal weight sucks in the second dosing pipeline (206);
(2-12) the first stock solution A with ormal weight sucks in the first dosing pipeline (205);
The length of the second dosing pipeline (206) makes that after utilizing raw liquor pump (201 ') to draw the second stock solution B, the back absorption first stock solution A earlier, the second stock solution B can not enter the first dosing pipeline (205).
CN201110444096.7A 2011-12-27 2011-12-27 Dialysis solution stowage arrangement and there is the dialysis apparatus of this dialysis solution stowage arrangement and liquid method adjusted by dialysis solution Active CN103182106B (en)

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CN109568695A (en) * 2018-10-26 2019-04-05 陈雪冰 A kind of hemodialyzer line clear method
CN114740924A (en) * 2022-04-18 2022-07-12 广东宝莱特医用科技股份有限公司 Dialysate temperature control method, device, equipment and storage medium

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CN102068722A (en) * 2011-01-14 2011-05-25 重庆山外山科技有限公司 Liquid level detection balance device used for hemodialysis

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CN109568695A (en) * 2018-10-26 2019-04-05 陈雪冰 A kind of hemodialyzer line clear method
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