CN103178567A - Fully charged maintenance method and maintenance instrument of lithium battery pack unbalance - Google Patents
Fully charged maintenance method and maintenance instrument of lithium battery pack unbalance Download PDFInfo
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- CN103178567A CN103178567A CN2011104398048A CN201110439804A CN103178567A CN 103178567 A CN103178567 A CN 103178567A CN 2011104398048 A CN2011104398048 A CN 2011104398048A CN 201110439804 A CN201110439804 A CN 201110439804A CN 103178567 A CN103178567 A CN 103178567A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a fully charged state maintenance method and a maintenance instrument of a lithium battery pack unbalance and belongs to the secondary battery field. The fully charged state maintenance method of the lithium battery pack unbalance comprises firstly utilizing a charger to charge a lithium battery pack until the light of the charger turns green to indicate that the lithium battery pack is fully charged; and connecting two subcircuits to output lines of the charger, wherein one subcircuit is an equalizing charge ammeter A1 which is in series connection with an adjustable resistor or a current controller R1, and adjusts an equalizing charge current to be I1=Ib; the other subcircuit is a bypass ammeter A2 which is in series connection with an adjustable resistor or a current controller R2, and adjusts a bypass current to be I2>=Icut-Ib to enable I1+I2>= Icut; the charging time is T=(Cr-Cn)/Ib or T=(ITR-ITn)/Ib; stopping charging when the preset time is reached; charging all cells of the battery pack to a full state, and achieving fully charged balance. The fully charged state maintenance method and the maintenance instrument of the lithium battery pack unbalance are applicable to the fully charged balance maintenance of the lithium battery pack configured with a passive balance protection board, and are simple, practical, high in generality, low in balance maintenance costs and easy to carry out and popularize.
Description
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Technical field
The present invention
full electric maintaining method and maintenance instrument that a kind of lithium battery group is unbalancebelong to the secondary cell field, particularly relate to a kind of lithium ion battery group
full electric maintaining method and maintenance instrument that a kind of lithium battery group is unbalance.
Background technology
Now more and more lithium ion battery groups are applied to electric bicycle, battery-operated motor cycle, hay mover, vacuum cleaner, on the electric tools such as cleaner and equipment, restriction due to process conditions, even between each battery core of lithium ion battery group, process is selected, also always there is certain difference, through charge and discharge cycles repeatedly or after shelving for a long time, battery core is inner through dilation, battery core also can change from power consumption, can produce larger voltage difference and capacity difference between battery core, existing protective circuit, equalizing circuit and charging modes, can not make to fill between each battery core of battery pack full simultaneously, the battery pack disequilibrium, the capacity of battery pack can not be given full play to.
The baffle of lithium ion battery group has lack of balance baffle and balance protection plate, and the lack of balance baffle only shields, and there is no equalization function, and price is the most flat, but afunction is arranged; The balance protection plate divides again active equalization baffle and passive balance protection plate, and active equalization baffle cost is higher, and technology is immature, applies less; Passive balance protection plate, cost is lower, slightly more expensive than lack of balance baffle, technology maturation, application is at most.
The Chinese patent application that application number is 200910176660.4 discloses the active equalization method under lithium ion battery group charged state, this technology, can be for the electric voltage equalization under jumbo serial lithium battery group charged state based on boost technology and farad capacitor.The active equalization method cost is higher.
The Chinese patent application that application number is 201110092543.7 discloses a kind of charging method and charging device of lithium ion battery group, detect the voltage of each battery core of lithium ion battery group in charging process, when the voltage that battery core is arranged reaches setting voltage, the output current of controlling charger is less than or equal to the euqalizing current of the equalizing circuit of battery pack inside, until complete charging when all the voltage of battery cores meets or exceeds balanced starting resistor point.Set voltage and be more than or equal to balanced starting resistor, and be less than over-charge protective voltage, each battery core of battery pack can be charged to full power state, realize balanced.The method needs each battery core of monitoring battery group, and sets a new magnitude of voltage between balanced starting resistor and over-charge protective voltage, according to voltage, goes to control charger current, and implementing need to larger cost; And charger current output is controlled to less euqalizing current from larger normal charging current, the cost of charger is also higher, and the cost that two parts increase, approached the cost of active equalization, more difficult applying.
Main equalization methods has two kinds now, a kind of is the method for passive equilibrium, only when charging, works, when a certain battery core arrives balanced starting resistor, miss the part electric current by bypass resistance, reduce the charging rate of high voltage battery core, wait for the low battery core boosted voltage of voltage, can generate heat when balanced, balanced efficiency is lower, the general equilibrium electric current is at 20 ~ 200mA, and major advantage is low price, and this is the equalization methods of the present maturation generally adopted; The euqalizing current of super large need to design heat radiation, also can cause cost to rise rapidly.Another kind is the method for active equalization; the battery core extracting energy high from voltage by inductance coil; flow to the battery core that voltage is low; energy loss is little, heating hardly, and balanced efficiency is high; this is good equalization methods; but technology is still immature, balanced cost is too high, is 3 ~ 5 times (baffle contrasts of identical operating current) of passive equalization methods.
The lithium ion battery group is through sorting and the combo of Battery Plant; be equipped with the low passive balance protection plate of cost; existing higher reliability; occur that the ratio of serious unbalance is in the one thousandth left and right; we only need be safeguarded millesimal use defective products later, not need every Battery pack to be equipped with more expensive active equalization baffle.Such as approximately 90 yuan 1 of the automobile-used passive balance protection plate of, electrical salf-walking, 10000 Battery packs only need 900000 yuan; Approximately 300 yuan 1 of the active equalization baffle of equal-wattage, 10000 Battery packs need 3000000 yuan, adopt the active equalization baffle expensive 2100000 yuan.
The balance protection plate euqalizing current of lithium ion battery assembly is larger, and portfolio effect is better, but cost is higher; The charger charging cut-off current of lithium ion battery assembly is less, and portfolio effect is better, but cost is higher; Select conventional passive balance protection plate euqalizing current 20 ~ 200mA; conventional charger charging cut-off current 100 ~ 1000 mA; the user uses the custom of lithium ion battery group different; too for a long time need not shelve; due to each battery core from the power consumption difference; easily become unbalanced, and balance protection plate and the charger of configuration can not fill battery pack equilibrium, cause the battery pack function to reduce.
In the face of a small amount of unbalanced battery pack, how to carry out equalized maintenance, we have done some researchs.
When the lithium battery group is unbalance, the highest battery core of lithium battery group when charging charging state can first arrive over-charge protective voltage, baffle cut-off charging, other not the battery core of full charging can not continue charging; During electric discharge, the battery core charging state SOC of full charging is not lower, can first arrive Cross prevention voltage, baffle cut-off electric discharge, and all emptying of battery core, active volume is to be limited with charging state SOC the lowest.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to avoid deficiency of the prior art, provide a kind of convenient and swift, adjust equilibrium, make the battery pack performance most powerful
the full electric maintaining method that a kind of lithium battery group is unbalance.
The objective of the invention is to reach by following measures,
the full electric maintaining method that a kind of lithium battery group is unbalance,first use charger, battery pack is charged to charger and turns green light, demonstration is filled full, and actual is the battery core trigger protection plate protection that first arrives over-charge protective voltage; Disconnect charger, battery core voltage falls after rise, and baffle is untied protection; 2 circuit will be connected on the charger output line, one tunnel is equalizing charge ammeter A1 series connection adjustable resistance or current controller R1, regulate equalizing charge electric current I 1=Ib, another road is by-pass current Table A 2 series connection adjustable resistance or current controller R2, regulate by-pass current I2>=Icut-Ib, make I1+I2>=Icut, charging interval is T=(Cr-Cn)/Ib or T=(ITr-ITn)/Ib, be charged to setting-up time and stop charging, all battery cores in battery pack are charged to full state, realize full electrical equalization;
The euqalizing current of Ib battery pack institute balancing baffle;
The charging cut-off current of Icut charger;
I is the rated operational current of electrical appliance;
Cr battery pack rated capacity;
The current capacity of Cn battery pack;
The Tr battery pack nominal operation time;
The Tn battery pack work at present time;
I1 equalizing charge electric current;
The I2 by-pass current.
By regulating equalizing charge electric current I 1=Ib, make the battery core that is charged to over-charge protective, charging current is walked by the equalizing circuit bypass, can boosted voltage and protect and stop charging; Regulate by-pass current I2 >=Icut-Ib, make I1+I2 >=Icut, charger can not stop because output current is less than Icut charging, so all battery cores in battery pack is charged to full state, utilizes first wife's charger, and voltage matches is easily implemented.
Setting-up time of the present invention is set by timer, then automatically cuts off charging circuit.
Of the present invention
the full electric maintenance instrument that a kind of lithium battery group is unbalance, compriseammeter and adjustable resistance or current controller form, and 2 circuit are connected in series the charger output line, and a road is equalizing charge ammeter series connection adjustable resistance or current controller, and another road is by-pass current table series connection adjustable resistance or current controller.
The present invention arranges timer on charging circuit, then automatically cuts off charging circuit.
the full electric maintaining method that a kind of lithium battery group is unbalance;
First use charger, battery pack is charged to charger and turns green light, demonstration is filled full, and actual is the battery core trigger protection plate protection that first arrives over-charge protective voltage; Disconnect charger, battery core voltage falls after rise, and baffle is untied protection; Connect D.C. regulated power supply on battery pack, the adjusting charging voltage is Vc, equalizing charge electric current I 1=Ib, make the battery core that is charged to over-charge protective, charging current is walked by the equalizing circuit bypass, can boosted voltage and protect and stop charging, the charging interval is T=(Cr-Cn)/Ib or T=(ITr-ITn)/Ib, is charged to setting-up time to stop charging, all battery cores in battery pack are charged to full state, realize full electrical equalization;
The euqalizing current of Ib battery pack institute balancing baffle;
The charging cut-off current of Icut charger;
I is the rated operational current of electrical appliance;
The constant voltage charge voltage of Vc charger;
Cr battery pack rated capacity;
The current capacity of Cn battery pack;
The Tr battery pack nominal operation time;
The Tn battery pack work at present time;
I1 equalizing charge electric current;
Of the present invention
the full electric maintenance instrument that a kind of lithium battery group is unbalance, compriseammeter, voltmeter and D.C. regulated power supply form, and ammeter is connected on D.C. regulated power supply, and voltmeter is connected in parallel on D.C. regulated power supply, and the D.C. regulated power supply output line connects battery pack.
Setting-up time of the present invention is set by timer, then automatically cuts off charging circuit.
The lithium battery group that the present invention is suitable for configuring passive balance protection plate is done full electrical equalization and is safeguarded, simple and practical, highly versatile, and the equalized maintenance cost is low, easily implements and promotes.
The accompanying drawing explanation
attachedfig. 1 is the embodiments of the invention principle schematic.
attachedfig. 2 is the embodiments of the invention principle schematic.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention will be further described.
In figure: Part A is battery assembly module;
BMS is batteries management system;
P+ is batteries management system charging anode interface and cathode output end mouth;
C-is batteries management system charging negative pole interface (being also cathode output end mouth P-for charging and discharging with mouth);
B-is that the negative pole of the 1st battery core in battery pack is at the batteries management system Wiring port;
B1 ... Bn is in battery pack 1 ... the positive pole of n battery core is at the batteries management system Wiring port;
Part B is the equalizing charge unit;
A1 is the equalizing charge ammeter;
R1 is the equalizing charge adjustable resistance, the equalizing charge current regulator;
A2 is the by-pass current table;
R2 is the bypass adjustable resistance, the by-pass current adjuster;
C is the charger of battery pack configuration;
Ct is the D.C. regulated power supply of adjustable current voltage;
V is the equalizing charge voltmeter.
embodiment 1: what an electric bicycle configured is the lithium battery group; by its products instruction, known; what configure is 36V10Ah ferric phosphate lithium cell group; the motor power of configuration is 240W; running current I=6.67A, the rated operational current I=6670mA of the euqalizing current Ib=80mA of battery pack institute balancing baffle, charging cut-off current Icut=200mA, the rated capacity Cr=10Ah of charger, electric bicycle, battery nominal operation time T r=1.5h, current capacity C n fail to understand, work at present time T n=1h.Because the operating time significantly reduces, need to safeguard.First use supporting charger, battery pack is charged to charger and turns green light, demonstration is filled full, according to the winding diagram of accompanying drawing 1, install the charger output line additional 2 circuit, a road is ammeter A1 and adjustable resistance R1(or current controller R1), regulate equalizing charge electric current I 1=Ib=80mA, make the battery core that is charged to over-charge protective, charging current is walked by the equalizing circuit bypass, can boosted voltage and protect and stop charging; Another road is by-pass current Table A 2 and adjustable resistance R2(or current controller R2), regulate by-pass current I2 >=Icut-Ib, make I1+I2 >=Icut, charger can not stop because output current is less than Icut charging, mix up electric current and connect circuit, start timing, the charging interval is
T=(ITr-ITn)/?Ib=（6670*1.5-6670*1）/80=42h
Be charged to setting-up time 42h and stop charging, so all battery cores in battery pack are charged to full state, realize full electrical equalization.After doing full electrical equalization maintenance, the operating time becomes 1.4h, by full electrical equalization, safeguards, the operating time has promoted 0.4h.
embodiment 2, what one battery-operated motor cycle configured is the lithium battery group, by its products instruction, known, what configure is 48V20Ah lithium manganate battery group, the motor power of configuration is 360W, rated operational current I=7500mA, the battery pack of safeguarding for needs, need to first understand the euqalizing current Ib=100mA of battery pack institute balancing baffle, the battery pack of safeguarding for needs, need to first understand the euqalizing current Ib of battery pack institute balancing baffle, the charging voltage Vc=54.6V of charger, rated capacity Cr=20Ah, the rated operational current I=7500mA of battery-operated motor cycle, battery nominal operation time T r=2.7h, current capacity C n is not clear, work at present time T n=2 h.Because the operating time significantly reduces, need to safeguard.First use supporting charger, battery pack is charged to charger and turns green light, demonstration is filled full; Shed former charger; use the DC power supply of the adjustable current voltage of 2A60V, the adjusting charging voltage is Vc=54.6V, equalizing charge electric current I 1=Ib=100mA, presses accompanying drawing 2; the D.C. regulated power supply output line connects battery pack; make the battery core that is charged to over-charge protective, charging current is walked by the equalizing circuit bypass, can boosted voltage and protect and stop charging; mix up current/voltage; connect circuit, start timing, the charging interval is
T=(7500*2.5-7500*2)/?100=37.5?h
Be charged to setting-up time 37.5h and stop charging, so all battery cores in battery pack are charged to full state, realize full electrical equalization.After doing full electrical equalization maintenance, the operating time becomes 2.5h, by full electrical equalization, safeguards, the operating time has promoted 0.5h.
The method of implementing is not limited to above-mentioned example; as long as use marrow of the present invention to carry out full electrical equalization maintenance and make maintenance instrument; or other appellation maintenance instrument or equilibrium instrument etc.; or deliberately regulate equalizing charge electric current I 1≤Ib and extend the equalizing charge time; or install unnecessary switch additional on simple circuit; or the clock timing Functional Design is become to timer additional acousto-optic warning etc., all belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. the full electric maintaining method that the lithium battery group is unbalance, first use charger, battery pack is charged to charger and turns green light, demonstration is filled full, 2 circuit will be connected on the charger output line, one tunnel is equalizing charge ammeter A1 series connection adjustable resistance or current controller R1, regulate equalizing charge electric current I 1=Ib, another road is by-pass current Table A 2 series connection adjustable resistance or current controller R2, regulate by-pass current I2 >=Icut-Ib, make I1+I2 >=Icut, charging interval is T=(Cr-Cn)/Ib or T=(ITr-ITn)/Ib, be charged to setting-up time and stop charging, all battery cores in battery pack are charged to full state, realize full electrical equalization,
The euqalizing current of Ib battery pack institute balancing baffle;
The charging cut-off current of Icut charger;
I is the rated operational current of electrical appliance;
Cr battery pack rated capacity;
The current capacity of Cn battery pack;
The Tr battery pack nominal operation time;
The Tn battery pack work at present time;
I1 equalizing charge electric current;
The I2 by-pass current.
2. the unbalance full electric maintaining method of a kind of lithium battery group according to claim 1, is characterized in that arranging timer on equalization charging circuit.
3. the full electric maintenance instrument that the lithium battery group is unbalance, it is characterized in that comprising that ammeter and adjustable resistance or current controller form, 2 circuit are connected in series the charger output line, one tunnel is equalizing charge ammeter series connection adjustable resistance or current controller, and another road is by-pass current table series connection adjustable resistance or current controller.
4. the unbalance full electric maintenance instrument of a kind of lithium battery group according to claim 3, is characterized in that arranging timer on equalization charging circuit.
5. the full electric maintaining method that the lithium battery group is unbalance, first used charger, battery pack is charged to charger and turns green light, and demonstration is filled full; Disconnect charger, connect D.C. regulated power supply on battery pack, the adjusting charging voltage is Vc, equalizing charge electric current I 1=Ib, make the battery core that is charged to over-charge protective, charging current is walked by the equalizing circuit bypass, can boosted voltage and protect and stop charging, charging interval is T=(Cr-Cn)/Ib or T=(ITr-ITn)/Ib, be charged to setting-up time and stop charging, all battery cores in battery pack are charged to full state, realize full electrical equalization;
The euqalizing current of Ib battery pack institute balancing baffle;
The charging cut-off current of Icut charger;
I is the rated operational current of electrical appliance;
Cr battery pack rated capacity;
The current capacity of Cn battery pack;
The Tr battery pack nominal operation time;
The Tn battery pack work at present time;
I1 equalizing charge electric current.
6. the unbalance full electric maintaining method of a kind of lithium battery group according to claim 5, is characterized in that arranging timer on equalization charging circuit.
7. the full electric maintenance instrument that the lithium battery group is unbalance, it is characterized in that comprising that ammeter, voltmeter and D.C. regulated power supply form, ammeter is connected on D.C. regulated power supply, and voltmeter is connected in parallel on D.C. regulated power supply, and the D.C. regulated power supply output line connects battery pack.
8. the unbalance full electric maintenance instrument of a kind of lithium battery group according to claim 7, is characterized in that arranging timer on equalization charging circuit.
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| CN201110439804.8A CN103178567B (en) | 2011-12-26 | 2011-12-26 | The full electric maintaining method that a kind of lithium battery group is unbalance and maintenance instrument |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104215910A (en) * | 2014-08-13 | 2014-12-17 | 钱亚琴 | Detection and diagnosis method for lithium ion battery pack |
| CN111327088A (en) * | 2018-12-14 | 2020-06-23 | 郑州宇通客车股份有限公司 | Battery system, equalization method and device |
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| EP1684398A1 (en) * | 2003-10-29 | 2006-07-26 | NTT Facilities Inc. | Electric charger |
| CN101882699A (en) * | 2010-06-28 | 2010-11-10 | 惠州市亿能电子有限公司 | Charge and discharge balancing control method for power battery pack |
| CN201774293U (en) * | 2010-09-15 | 2011-03-23 | 河南科隆集团有限公司 | Battery equilibrium maintenance apparatus of large charge power supply |
-
2011
- 2011-12-26 CN CN201110439804.8A patent/CN103178567B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1684398A1 (en) * | 2003-10-29 | 2006-07-26 | NTT Facilities Inc. | Electric charger |
| CN101882699A (en) * | 2010-06-28 | 2010-11-10 | 惠州市亿能电子有限公司 | Charge and discharge balancing control method for power battery pack |
| CN201774293U (en) * | 2010-09-15 | 2011-03-23 | 河南科隆集团有限公司 | Battery equilibrium maintenance apparatus of large charge power supply |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104215910A (en) * | 2014-08-13 | 2014-12-17 | 钱亚琴 | Detection and diagnosis method for lithium ion battery pack |
| CN111327088A (en) * | 2018-12-14 | 2020-06-23 | 郑州宇通客车股份有限公司 | Battery system, equalization method and device |
| CN111327088B (en) * | 2018-12-14 | 2022-08-12 | 宇通客车股份有限公司 | Battery system, equalization method and device |
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| CN103178567B (en) | 2015-07-29 |
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