CN103174519B - For the method operating combined-cycle power plant - Google Patents

For the method operating combined-cycle power plant Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103174519B
CN103174519B CN201210557151.8A CN201210557151A CN103174519B CN 103174519 B CN103174519 B CN 103174519B CN 201210557151 A CN201210557151 A CN 201210557151A CN 103174519 B CN103174519 B CN 103174519B
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China
Prior art keywords
steam
turbine
cooler
combined
gas
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CN201210557151.8A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN103174519A (en
Inventor
S·E·布勒扎姆勒
C·鲁赫蒂
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General Electric Technology GmbH
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Alstom Technology AG
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K23/00—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids
    • F01K23/02—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled
    • F01K23/06—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle
    • F01K23/10—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle with exhaust fluid of one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D19/00—Starting of machines or engines; Regulating, controlling, or safety means in connection therewith
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K23/00—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids
    • F01K23/02—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K7/00—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating
    • F01K7/16—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating the engines being only of turbine type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K9/00—Plants characterised by condensers arranged or modified to co-operate with the engines
    • F01K9/003—Plants characterised by condensers arranged or modified to co-operate with the engines condenser cooling circuits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C3/00—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid
    • F02C3/04—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid having a turbine driving a compressor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C6/00—Plural gas-turbine plants; Combinations of gas-turbine plants with other apparatus; Adaptations of gas- turbine plants for special use
    • F02C6/04—Gas-turbine plants providing heated or pressurised working fluid for other apparatus, e.g. without mechanical power output
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C6/00—Plural gas-turbine plants; Combinations of gas-turbine plants with other apparatus; Adaptations of gas- turbine plants for special use
    • F02C6/18—Plural gas-turbine plants; Combinations of gas-turbine plants with other apparatus; Adaptations of gas- turbine plants for special use using the waste heat of gas-turbine plants outside the plants themselves, e.g. gas-turbine power heat plants
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C7/00—Features, components parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart form groups F02C1/00 - F02C6/00; Air intakes for jet-propulsion plants
    • F02C7/12—Cooling of plants
    • F02C7/14—Cooling of plants of fluids in the plant, e.g. lubricant or fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C7/00—Features, components parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart form groups F02C1/00 - F02C6/00; Air intakes for jet-propulsion plants
    • F02C7/12—Cooling of plants
    • F02C7/14—Cooling of plants of fluids in the plant, e.g. lubricant or fuel
    • F02C7/141—Cooling of plants of fluids in the plant, e.g. lubricant or fuel of working fluid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C7/00—Features, components parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart form groups F02C1/00 - F02C6/00; Air intakes for jet-propulsion plants
    • F02C7/12—Cooling of plants
    • F02C7/16—Cooling of plants characterised by cooling medium
    • F02C7/18—Cooling of plants characterised by cooling medium the medium being gaseous, e.g. air
    • F02C7/185—Cooling means for reducing the temperature of the cooling air or gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C9/00—Controlling gas-turbine plants; Controlling fuel supply in air- breathing jet-propulsion plants
    • F02C9/16—Control of working fluid flow
    • F02C9/18—Control of working fluid flow by bleeding, bypassing or acting on variable working fluid interconnections between turbines or compressors or their stages
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2220/00—Application
    • F05D2220/30—Application in turbines
    • F05D2220/32—Application in turbines in gas turbines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2220/00—Application
    • F05D2220/70—Application in combination with
    • F05D2220/72—Application in combination with a steam turbine
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2260/00—Function
    • F05D2260/20—Heat transfer, e.g. cooling
    • F05D2260/213—Heat transfer, e.g. cooling by the provision of a heat exchanger within the cooling circuit
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2260/00—Function
    • F05D2260/20—Heat transfer, e.g. cooling
    • F05D2260/232—Heat transfer, e.g. cooling characterized by the cooling medium
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2260/00—Function
    • F05D2260/20—Heat transfer, e.g. cooling
    • F05D2260/232—Heat transfer, e.g. cooling characterized by the cooling medium
    • F05D2260/2322—Heat transfer, e.g. cooling characterized by the cooling medium steam
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/16—Combined cycle power plant [CCPP], or combined cycle gas turbine [CCGT]

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of method for operating combined-cycle power plant, in the method being used for operating combined-cycle power plant (10), combined-cycle power plant (10) has gas-turbine installation (11) and water steam equipment (21), and water steam equipment (21) is connected to gas-turbine installation (11) by waste heat steam generator (24) and is had at least one steam turbine (23).Gas-turbine installation (11) includes compressor (13), combustor (14) and turbine (16).For cooling turbine (16), at compressor (13) place compressed air be removed, cooled and be introduced into turbine (16) at least one cooler (18,19), wherein water flows through this at least one cooler (18,19) and thus produces steam.Operate at least as gas-turbine installation (11), before water steam equipment (21) starts or period, the appropriate position that the used heat comprised in the steam produced at least one cooler (18,19) is used for combined-cycle power plant (10) is internal produces good effect to preheating described device.

Description

For the method operating combined-cycle power plant
Technical field
The present invention relates to the field of power plant's technology.Its method relating to operate combined-cycle power plant.It addition, its combined-cycle power plant relating to perform described method.
Background technology
The present invention relates to combined-cycle power plant, the most exemplified and combined-cycle power plant that substantially simplified.Combined-cycle power plant 10 in Fig. 1 includes gas-turbine installation 11 and the water steam equipment 21 being attached thereto.
The gas-turbine installation 11 of reduced form includes compressor 13, and compressor 13 sucks air compressed air via air inlet 12, and then compressed air exports the combustor 14 in downstream, compressed air in combustor 14 in order to the fuel 15 that burns.The steam produced in a combustion chamber expands (in the case of continuous burning, it is possible to there is some combustor and turbine) under operational loading in downstream in turbine 16.Compressor 13 and turbine 16 are usually placed on common armature spindle, and this rotor axle driven dynamo 17 is to produce electric energy.For cooling down the part bearing big thermic load of turbine 16, at compressor 13, (in the example of fig. 1, two various locations), compressed air is discharged, is cooled and is provided to turbine 16 in associated chiller 18 or 19.Cooler 18,19 is in most of the cases implemented as OTC cooler (Once Through Cooler) and by conveying water.
Aerofluxus 20 from turbine 16 is sent through the waste heat steam generator 24 being arranged in water steam equipment 21, and makes the water of circulation in water steam equipment 21 produce evaporation with overheated in waste heat steam generator 24.The steam produced in waste heat steam generator 24 expands under operational loading in steam turbine 23, and drives the electromotor 22 being connected with steam turbine 23.Steam turbine 23 also can be bonded directly to the powered common electromotor of gas turbine.Steam from steam turbine 23 condenses in condenser 25 and is sent in feed-tank 26 as coagulating liq, and water is conveyed once again to waste heat steam generator 24 from feed-tank 26 by feed pump 27, thus makes circulation close.
Compressed air discharges at compressor 13, cooling period in cooler 18 and 19, and the water distributing to cooler 18,19 is evaporated.If not being combined cycle, combined-cycle power plant 10 only operates with simple cycle, and the most only gas-turbine installation 11 operates, and water steam equipment 21 does not operates, then the steam occurred in cooler 18,19 must be by some way or alternate manner is discharged.Up to the present, this is by discharging it into air (such as, by the auxiliary exhaust pipe arranged for simple cycle) or occurring by it being condensed within the condenser and return it to circulation.But, it can also be injected into gas turbine to improve performance.
But, the steam using the cooling period formation of cooling air is desired to play preferably effect.Specifically, when the device part of the most cooled (after have passed through some skies) of water steam equipment must be preheated reduce thermal stress and/or accelerate start-up course, to this end, it is also contemplated that the single cycle operation transition to combined cycle operation of conforming to the principle of simplicity.
According to document US 5,473,898 A it is known that when in combined-cycle power plant start combined cycle time, by the hot-air pre-heating steam turbine removed from compressor and waste heat steam generator.In this case, the pressure-air cooling of cooling purpose it is used in.
The used heat that document US 2009/0301078 A1 is formed when proposing cooling compressed air is incorporated in the water steam equipment of combined-cycle power plant via waste heat steam generator.But, the operation of the type is only possible when device operates in the way of combined cycle.
Summary of the invention
Therefore, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of method for operating combined-cycle power plant, described combined-cycle power plant operates along with gas-turbine installation, before the startup of combined process or period, it is provided that make the used heat that the cooling period of cooling air produces play the use of good action.It addition, the purpose of the present invention additionally provides the combined-cycle power plant performing this method.
The method according to the invention is carried out in combined-cycle power plant, described combined-cycle power plant includes gas-turbine installation and the water steam equipment being connected by waste heat steam generator with gas-turbine installation, and there is at least one steam turbine, wherein gas-turbine installation includes compressor, combustor and turbine, and wherein in order to cool down turbine, at compressor compressed air be removed, cooled and be introduced into turbine at least one cooler, wherein water flows through this at least one cooler and thus produces steam.The distinguishing feature of described method is along with gas-turbine installation operates, and before water steam or period, the used heat comprised in the steam produced at least one cooler is used for playing good action in combined-cycle power plant.
The first development example of the method according to the invention is characterised by that used heat is used to the feedwater that preheating uses at least one cooler.
Specifically, the fuel that the feedwater being preheated uses in preheated fuel gas turbine installation.
In another development example of the present invention, used heat is used to preheat waste heat steam generator.
The used heat being characterised by waste heat steam generator that develops further of described development example is used to preheat superheater and vaporizer.
Particularly advantageously, the coagulating liq formed during the preheating of waste heat steam generator is discharged from the superheater of waste heat steam generator.
Another development example of the method according to the invention is characterised by that used heat is used to Preheated steam turbine.
The most in this case, housing and the rotor both of which of steam turbine can be preheated by the in position middle steam introduced.
Another development example is characterised by, water steam equipment includes the device for condensing the steam formed from steam turbine, in addition, in the case of steam turbine, when condenser is in vacuum, described steam also acts as sealing steam, and the steam produced at least one cooler is used to empty condensing means.
Combined-cycle power plant according to the present invention includes gas-turbine installation and the water steam equipment being connected by waste heat steam generator with described gas-turbine installation, and there is at least one steam turbine, wherein gas-turbine installation includes compressor, combustor and turbine, and wherein in order to cool down turbine, at compressor compressed air be removed, cooled and be introduced into turbine at least one cooler, wherein water flows through this at least one cooler and thus produces steam.It is characterized in that, water steam equipment is connected with at least one cooler described by least one additional jet chimney.
One development example of the combined-cycle power plant according to the present invention, the first jet chimney is directed into waste heat steam generator from least one cooler.
Specifically, waste heat steam generator includes steam drum and superheater, and wherein the first jet chimney is directed into steam drum via valve in all cases and is directed into superheater.
Waste heat steam generator also is able to be " straight-through (Once Through) " steam generator, and it includes as moisture eliminator to replace the container of described drum, as visible in Fig. 3 B.
Another development example is characterised by that the second jet chimney is directed into steam turbine from least one cooler via valve.
The distinguishing characteristics of another development example is that water steam equipment includes the device for condensing the steam formed from steam turbine, this condensing means operates under vacuo, and the 3rd jet chimney is directed into the emptying equipment being connected with condensing means from least one cooler via valve.
Term " is in the condenser of vacuum " and refers to following situation: steam turbine is required " sealed ", and i.e. it must be acted on by sealing steam.It addition, seal damping to be also directed into steam turbine, or more precisely, it is directed into steam turbine labyrinth seal.
Another development example is characterised by, at least one cooler described is connected to the feed-tank (feed-water vessel and preheating/degasser) for providing feedwater, and can return to homogeneous solution-type reactor via valve from the 4th jet chimney of cooler.
Another development example is characterised by, the auxiliary exhaust pipe being connected from its valve discharged with the steam produced at least one cooler described is disposed between gas-turbine installation and waste heat steam generator.
Other major advantage of the present invention is it can be seen that loop is best-fit.
A) preheating waste heat steam generator, specifically preheats under cold start (after some skies of stopping work)；In this case, steam exports the scheduled time on the superheater in waste heat steam generator and vaporizer, so that described part warms；The coagulating liq concurrently formed is discharged so that waste heat steam generator punching will not have coagulating liq within long period；Bearing in the case of strong heat-loaded component in waste heat steam generator, the load that the thermal exhaust of gas turbine causes is reduced significantly by this preheating.
B) Preheated steam turbine, preheats the most in cold start conditions, such as after some skies of stopping work；By this preheating, housing and rotor, alternatively or cumulatively, it is possible to so that gentle mode is heated and this intensification can be implemented at short notice；During this period and additionally, be not significantly affected by the service life of parts.
C) Preheated steam turbine and in addition preheat HRSG and DT working steam pipeline.
D) combination of aforementioned pre-heated succession in continuous mode is guaranteed, it may be assumed that
A) and/or b)
A) and/or c)
B) and/or c)
A) and/or b) and/or c)
E) steam-energy from OTC cooler is enough in the emptying of (startup) condenser and/or for some device part is acted on steam turbine when starting with sealing steam 38；When the transition from simple cycle to combined cycle (that is, when starting the coagulation devices of such as surface condenser or air-cooled condenser ACC), described measure makes the waiting time reaching enough vacuum in described device part shorten.
F) steam-energy is enough in the feedwater of preheating OTC cooler；Described feedwater can additionally be used for the fuel of preheated fuel gas turbine, to improve the overall efficiency that gas turbine processes.
G) after being transformed into simple cycle from combined cycle, steam turbine and steam turbine condenser can keep under vacuo.It reduce owing to the entrained steam of cooling period condenses the degree corroded of stopping work caused.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below by illustrative embodiments the accompanying drawings present invention, in the drawings:
Fig. 1 shows the degree of depth sketch of the combined-cycle power plant being adapted for carrying out the present invention, and wherein sealing vapor action is on DT gland retainer plate；
Fig. 2 shows a part for the installation diagram of the combined-cycle power plant of the first illustrative embodiments according to the present invention, wherein, provides the preheating to waste heat steam generator by the used heat formed in the cooling period of cooling air；
Fig. 3 A shows a part for the installation diagram of the combined-cycle power plant according to Fig. 2, including steam drum boiler (drum boiler)；
Fig. 3 B shows a part for the installation diagram of the combined-cycle power plant according to Fig. 2, including having the monotube boiler of moisture eliminator, and
Fig. 4 shows a part for the installation diagram of the combined-cycle power plant of the 4th illustrative embodiments according to the present invention, wherein, provides the preheating to feedwater by the used heat formed in the cooling period of cooling air.
Detailed description of the invention
Discussed below it is an object of the invention to: when cooling system to be made when gas-turbine installation operates gets into smooth from cold state, by the case of the cooling system at the gas turbine of combined-cycle power plant (specifically in the case of OTC type cooling air cooler) used heat that formed for the preparation of combined cycle.Prepare waste heat steam generator, steam turbine, emptying system and other devices by (heating power mode) in this way, be applied to the load on parts due to thermal stress and can be minimized and correspondingly increase its service life.
Specifically, the transition period from simple cycle to combined cycle or before, from compressor removes cooling air is cooled time the used heat that occurs or steam be used in the following way good effect:
A) preheating waste heat steam generator, specifically preheats waste heat steam generator under cold start (after some skies of stopping work)；In this case, the scheduled time on superheater that steam is output in waste heat steam generator and vaporizer, so that described part warms；The coagulating liq concurrently formed is discharged so that waste heat steam generator can not be filled with coagulating liq within long period；Bearing in the case of strong heat-loaded component in waste heat steam generator, the load that the thermal exhaust of gas turbine causes is reduced significantly by this preheating.
B) Preheated steam turbine, the most in cold start conditions Preheated steam turbine, (after some skies of stopping work)；Can be so that gentle mode is heated and this intensification can realize at short notice by this preheating, housing and rotor；During this period and additionally, for the impact in parts service life inconspicuous.Simultaneously, it is necessary to ensure that the emptying of condenser and whole labyrinth seals of machine steam turbine are preferably sealed.
C) Preheated steam turbine and in addition preheat HRSG and DT working steam pipeline.
D) combination of the most aforementioned preheating sequence is guaranteed, it may be assumed that
A) and/or b)
A) and/or c)
B) and/or c)
A) and/or b) and/or c)
E) steam-energy from OTC cooler is enough in the emptying of (startup) condenser and/or for acting on steam turbine when starting with sealing damping 38 in some device part；When the transition from simple cycle to combined cycle (that is, when starting the coagulation devices of such as surface condenser or air-cooled condenser ACC), described measure makes the waiting time reaching enough vacuum in described device part shorten.
F) steam-energy is enough in the feedwater of preheating OTC cooler；Described feedwater can additionally be used for the fuel of preheated fuel gas turbine, to improve the overall efficiency that gas turbine processes.
G) after being transformed into simple cycle from combined cycle, steam turbine and steam turbine condenser can switch under vacuo.It reduce the degree corroded of stopping work caused owing to the entrained steam of cooling period condenses.
Fig. 2 shows a part for the installation diagram of the combined-cycle power plant of the first illustrative embodiments according to the present invention, wherein, provides the preheating to waste heat steam generator by the used heat formed in the cooling period of cooling air.With compressor 13 and the gas turbine of turbine 16 and the middle body being positioned in Fig. 2 diagram in downstream with the waste heat steam generator 24 of main exhaust 30.Compressed air (under different pressures level) is such as removed two positions at compressor 13, and cooled in cooler 18 or 19.Then, the pressurized air of cooling is fed into the turbine 16 purpose (dotted line see in Fig. 2) for cooling.Described device has auxiliary exhaust pipe 28 in addition, and auxiliary exhaust pipe 28 forms the essential condition that the device in Fig. 2 to 4 can be made to operate.Thus, described device can operate with open loop, does not i.e. have steam turbine, and the steam produced in GT cooler can condense in auxiliary exhaust pipe 28 or in special air-cooled condenser.
For making cooling air cool down, utilizing water operating cooler 18 and 19 according to OTC principle, described water after warming and was removed before entering into steam drum 29 at waste heat steam generator 24, and was directed into the entrance of cooler 18 and 19 via valve V6-V8.The steam occurred in the exit of cooler 18 and 19 can export the superheater 37 in waste heat steam generator 24 in the normal operating of combined cycle via valve V5.Additionally, there are the probability blowing in air via the auxiliary exhaust pipe 28 being arranged between gas turbine and waste heat steam generator and valve V1 by steam.
New probability according to Fig. 2 is, while gas-turbine installation operates with simple cycle, it now is possible to use the steam produced in cooler 18 and 19 via shown in broken lines in jet chimney 36a(figure) and valve V2 and V3 preheat superheater 37 or steam drum 29 or more accurately moisture eliminator and the jet chimney of vaporizer that is attached thereto.So, for the preparation when combined cycle starts, the essential part of waste heat steam generator 24 can be preheated and correspondingly can substantially reduce the thermal stress in waste heat steam generator 24.
Show in figure 3 a and use the steam 36 formed in cooler 18 and 19 to realize other probability of good action.First, the part of steam 36 produced in cooler 18 and 19 is used to via jet chimney 36a(shown in broken lines) and valve V2 and V3 to that preheat superheater 37 or steam drum 29 or more accurately moisture eliminator and the jet chimney of vaporizer that is attached thereto.In this case, the additionally part of steam 36 is the most shown in broken lines via jet chimney 36b() and valve V10 Preheated steam turbine 23(housing and rotor), to reduce thermal stress in an efficient way when beginning water steam.
But, replacement or in addition as this, can also conceive via jet chimney 36c(shown in broken lines) and valve V9 operation in steam jet ejector the emptying equipment of 31 forms, with via intake line 32 by empty for the condensing means pump of water steam equipment or emptying.It addition, steam turbine can be made do not have air to be sucked in steam turbine 23 by sealing.In this case, until realizing can being significantly reduced for the time of vacuum necessary to combined cycle operation.It addition, the sealing steam for acting on DT gland retainer plate can be prepared via jet chimney 38, branch before the jet chimney 38 valve V10 in jet chimney 36b, through another valve Vxy.Show that another pipeline 36x, pipeline 36x send into the steam for Preheated steam turbine 23.Shown here only understands in mode qualitatively for the position feeding described steam；It is generally thought that such feeding performs in the appropriate position of steam turbine 23.It is apparent that in this case, it is possible to substitute or to use the measure shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 A selectively in the way of accumulation.
Fig. 3 B shows and uses the steam 36 formed in cooler 18 and 19 to realize the further possibility of good action.First, the steam produced in cooler 18 and 19 is shown in broken lines via jet chimney 36a() and valve V2 and V3 be used to preheat the jet chimney of superheater 37, or replace according to the steam drum of Fig. 3 A, in order to preheat moisture eliminator 39 and the jet chimney of vaporizer being attached thereto.In this case, the additionally part of steam 36 is the most shown in broken lines via jet chimney 36b() and valve V10 Preheated steam turbine 23(housing and rotor), to reduce thermal stress in an efficient way when beginning water steam.
But, replacement or in addition as this, can also conceive via jet chimney 36c(shown in broken lines) and valve V9 operate the emptying equipment of 31 forms in steam jet ejector, with via intake line 32 by empty for the condensing means pump of water steam equipment or emptying.It addition, steam turbine can be made do not have air to be sucked in steam turbine 23 by sealing.In this case, until realizing can being significantly reduced for the time of vacuum necessary to combined cycle operation.It addition, the sealing steam for acting on DT gland retainer plate can be prepared via jet chimney 38, branch before the jet chimney 38 valve V10 in jet chimney 36b, through another valve Vxy.Continue and extend to moisture eliminator 39 after branch here by jet chimney 36a, can form another loop, described successive loops the amount of the steam transmitted is supplied to waste heat steam generator 24 via valve Vxx.With reference to the design in Fig. 3 A, another pipeline 36x is operatively coupled to steam turbine.It is apparent that in this case, it is possible to substitute or to use the measure shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 A and Fig. 3 B selectively in the way of accumulation.
In principle, the steam 36 produced in cooler 18 and 19 can be in order to realize good effect in loop, and described loop is simplified as desired relative to previous accompanying drawing.By using Fig. 3 A and 3B, the steam 36 produced in cooler will be shown in broken lines via the first jet chimney 36b() and valve V10 Preheated steam turbine 23(housing and rotor), to reduce thermal stress with beginning with effect in water steam.
Shown in broken lines via other jet chimney 36c() and valve V9, the emptying equipment operating of 31 forms in steam jet ejector, or to empty the condensing means pump sky of water steam equipment 21 via intake line 32.It addition, steam turbine 23 the most sealed can make do not have air can be inhaled in steam turbine.In this case, until the time realizing vacuum necessary to combined cycle operation can be significantly reduced.It is apparent that in this case, it is possible to substitute or to use the measure shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 A and Fig. 3 B selectively in the way of accumulation.
Finally, Fig. 4 shows and uses the steam formed from cooler 18 and 19 or used heat to realize another probability of good action.In this case, shown in broken lines via jet chimney 36e() and valve V13, steam is introduced in feed-tank 35, and feedwater 35a is sent to cooler 18 and 19 from feed-tank 35 via feed pump 34 and valve V11.Water from water processing establishment 33 can be simultaneously supplied to feed-tank 35 via valve V12.In this case, described loop can be in an advantageous manner by guiding pipeline 35 to extend in the feedwater of feed pump 34 downstream branch, the described feedwater 35b heat exchanger medium of the preheater 40 acting on fuel gas 41a/41b.The coagulating liq 35c flowing out fuel gas preheater 40 returns in feed-tank 35 via valve V14.
Reference numerals list
10 combined-cycle power plants
11 gas-turbine installations
12 air inlets
13 compressors
14 combustor
15 fuel
16 turbines
17,22 electromotors
18,19 coolers (through type cooler (Once Through Cooler OTC))
20 aerofluxuss
21 water steam equipment
23 steam turbines
24 waste heat steam generators
25 condensers
26,35 feed-tanks
27,34 feed pumps
28 auxiliary exhaust pipes
29 steam drums
30 main exhausts
31 steam jet ejectors
32 intake lines
33 water treatment plants
34 feed pumps
35 feed-tanks
35a-b feeds water
36a-e is for preheating the jet chimney of facility
36x is for feeding the pipeline of Preheated steam
37 superheaters
38 act on the sealing steam pressure on DT gland retainer plate
39 moisture eliminators
40 fuel gas preheaters
V1-V14, Vxy, Vxx valve

Claims (21)

  1. null1. the method being used for operating combined-cycle power plant's unit (10)，Described combined-cycle power plant unit (10) has gas-turbine installation (11) and water steam equipment (21)，Described water steam equipment (21) is connected to the gas-turbine installation (11) of described unit by waste heat steam generator (24) and is had at least one steam turbine (23)，Wherein said gas-turbine installation (11) includes compressor (13)、Combustor (14) and turbine (16)，And wherein for cooling down described turbine (16)，At described compressor (13) place, compressed air is removed、At at least one cooler (18、19) it is cooled in and is introduced into described turbine (16)，Wherein water flows through at least one cooler (18 described、19) steam is thus produced，It is characterized in that，Gas-turbine installation (11) at least as described unit operates，Described unit water steam equipment (21) start before or period，At at least one cooler (18 described、19) in the steam produced in, the used heat that comprises is used in the internal appropriate position of described combined-cycle power plant unit (10) preheating described gas-turbine installation (11) or described water steam equipment (21) plays good effect；
    Described water steam equipment (21) includes for making the device (25) of steam condensation produced from described steam turbine (23), condensing means (25) operates under vacuo, and the steam produced at least one cooler described (18,19) is used for emptying described condensing means (25).
  2. Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described combined-cycle power plant has the device for discharging or condense in the steam produced in described cooler (18,19).
  3. Method the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the steam produced in described cooler (18,19) is discharged via auxiliary exhaust pipe (28).
  4. Method the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that described auxiliary exhaust pipe (28) operates between described gas-turbine installation (11) and described waste heat steam generator (24).
  5. Method the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the steam produced in described cooler (18,19) condenses within the condenser.
  6. 6. according in claim 1 to 5 described method, it is characterised in that the used heat from the compressor of described gas-turbine installation (11) is used for preheating the feedwater used at least one cooler described (18,19).
  7. Method the most according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the described feedwater being preheated is used for preheating the fuel (15) used in described gas-turbine installation (11).
  8. 8. according in claim 1 to 5 described method, it is characterised in that the used heat from the compressor of described gas-turbine installation (11) is used for preheating described waste heat steam generator (24).
  9. Method the most according to claim 8, it is characterized in that, described waste heat steam generator (24) includes superheater (37) and vaporizer (29), and is used for preheating described vaporizer (29) and the working steam pipeline of superheater (37) from the used heat of the compressor of described gas-turbine installation (11).
  10. Method the most according to claim 8, it is characterised in that the coagulating liq produced during the preheating of described waste heat steam generator (24) is discharged from described waste heat steam generator (24).
  11. 11. according in claim 1 to 5 described method, it is characterised in that the used heat from the compressor of described gas-turbine installation (11) is used for preheating described steam turbine (23).
  12. 12. methods according to claim 11, it is characterised in that rotor and/or the housing of described steam turbine (23) are both preheated.
  13. 13. according in claim 1 to 5 described method, it is characterised in that described steam turbine is preheated and/or keeps warm and/or at least sealed and empty.
  14. 14. according in claim 1 to 5 described method, it is characterised in that in the case of described steam turbine is sealed, gland retainer plate is acted on by sealing steam.
  15. null15. 1 kinds for performing the combined-cycle power plant (10) according in claim 1 to 14 described method，Described combined-cycle power plant includes gas-turbine installation (11) and water steam equipment (21)，It is connected with described gas-turbine installation (11) by waste heat steam generator (24) and is had at least one steam turbine (23)，Wherein said gas-turbine installation (11) includes compressor (13)、Combustor (14) and turbine (16)，And wherein in order to cool down described turbine (16)，At described compressor (13) place, compressed air is removed、At at least one cooler (18、19) it is cooled in and is introduced into described turbine (16)，Wherein water flows through at least one cooler (18 described、19) steam is thus produced，It is characterized in that，Described water steam equipment (21) is by least one additional jet chimney (36a-e) and at least one cooler (18 described、19) operably associated.
  16. 16. combined-cycle power plants according to claim 15, it is characterised in that the first jet chimney (36a) is directed into described waste heat steam generator (24) from least one cooler described (18,19).
  17. 17. combined-cycle power plants according to claim 16, it is characterized in that, described waste heat steam generator (24) includes steam drum (29) or moisture eliminator and superheater (37), and described first jet chimney (36a) is directed into described steam drum (29) via valve (V2, V3) in each situation and is directed into superheater (37).
  18. 18. according in claim 15 to 17 described combined-cycle power plant, it is characterized in that, second jet chimney (36b) is directed into described steam turbine (23) from least one cooler described (18,19) via valve (V10), and/or for emptying and/or being used for providing sealing steam.
  19. 19. according in claim 15 to 17 described combined-cycle power plant, it is characterized in that, described water steam equipment (21) includes the device (25) for condensing the steam produced from described steam turbine (23), condensing means (25) operates under vacuo, and the 3rd jet chimney (36c) is directed into the emptying equipment (31) being connected with described condensing means (25) from least one cooler described (18,19) via valve (V9).
  20. 20. combined-cycle power plants according to claim 19, it is characterized in that, there is another jet chimney (38) with at least one control valve (Vxy), be used for making sealing vapor action in described steam turbine (23).
  21. 21. according in claim 15 to 17 described combined-cycle power plant, it is characterized in that, at least one cooler described (18,19) be connected to for provide feedwater to homogeneous solution-type reactor (35), and can return to described to homogeneous solution-type reactor (35) via valve (V13) from the 4th jet chimney (36e) of described cooler (18,19).
CN201210557151.8A 2011-12-22 2012-12-20 For the method operating combined-cycle power plant Expired - Fee Related CN103174519B (en)

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EP2607634A1 (en) 2013-06-26
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CA2798681C (en) 2016-08-02
US9046037B2 (en) 2015-06-02

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