CN103172186B - Multifunctional positive permeable membrane water purification bag for providing emergency drinking water and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Multifunctional positive permeable membrane water purification bag for providing emergency drinking water and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103172186B CN103172186B CN201310077212.5A CN201310077212A CN103172186B CN 103172186 B CN103172186 B CN 103172186B CN 201310077212 A CN201310077212 A CN 201310077212A CN 103172186 B CN103172186 B CN 103172186B
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Abstract
The invention provides a multifunctional positive permeable membrane water purification bag for providing emergency drinking water and a manufacturing method thereof. The interior of the water bag is divided into three independent cavities, namely sequentially an original solution cavity, a drawing liquid cavity and a water purification cavity through a sealed positive permeable membrane interface and a sealed water blocking interface in a shell made of a waterproof material respectively. Water in the original solution is dispersed to the drawing liquid side through a positive permeable membrane by using the osmotic pressure difference between the original solution and the drawing liquid as a driving force to realize regeneration of fresh water resources, so that safe, healthy and reliable drinking water is provided for emergency such as earthquake, flood and sudden water pollution. The positive permeable membrane serving as a core assembly of the emergency water bag is independently prepared and has good and stable performance, the water flux of the positive permeable membrane can reach 6 to 15L/(m<2>.h), and the fresh water resources can be quickly produced. The emergency water bag can be used for simultaneously realizing the production and storage functions of the drinking water, is easy to operate and convenient to carry, and is a good tool for providing safe emergency drinking water.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of multi-functional forward osmosis membrane cleaning water bag that emergency drinking water is provided and preparation method thereof, described cleaning water bag supplies safety, healthy, reliable emergency drinking water can to the masses suffering from disaster's Quick in the time of natural disaster (earthquake, flood etc.) and water pollution burst.
Background technology
China is a country that natural disaster takes place frequently.In the last few years, day by day serious due to environmental pollution, the continuous growth of population, unreasonable being seriously discord of causing man and nature of people's socio-economic activity, human factor in addition weather or geographical movable factor sharply rises the incidence of natural disaster.The Yunnan rainstorm of recent years, southern ice and snow disaster, Wenchuan earthquake, Yushu earthquake, Wenzhou typhoon, Xinjiang snowstorm etc. have brought serious financial loss and loss of life and personal injury to country.
In China, wide geographic area, due to the not factor such as one-tenth system of economics of underdevelopment, equipment imperfection, system, can not be understood the information that Related Disasters occurs timely.Once generation disaster, again because having inconvenient traffic, incomplete, the professional emergency personnel of goods and materials can not rush towards on-the-spot or disaster-stricken crowd because the shortcoming of knowledge own is at a loss etc. and all can be aggravated the impact that disaster is brought at once.Water is Source of life, and in devastated, its effect holds the balance especially, initial stage of disasters, and normal waterworks, by havoc, has greatly affected local masses suffering from disaster and disaster relief personnel's Drinking water supply.According to statistics, after " 512 " Wenchuan earthquake, the affected total number of people of drinking water is 1,121 ten thousand, and after earthquake, the whole province has more than 420,000 to locate Rural water supply engineering impaired in various degree, damage water supply line 4 × 10
4km.Therefore the task of top priority is to be the disaster-stricken people and safe, the healthy tap water of disaster relief personnel Quick confession.
Disaster has not only been damaged daily way of supplying water, and has caused the severe contamination of tap water.When flood occurs, water conventionally can, by the contaminants in people and animals' movement, corpse and destroyed building, easily cause breaking out of waterborne disease; When earthquake, the destruction of buildings can cause chemical pollution source to enter water body, causes serious organism and chemical classes to pollute.Conventionally disaster relief personnel's counter-measure comprises the available water source that searching is new: i.e. unpolluted surface water, underground water and mountain spring water; Rush to repair destroyed waterworks, strengthen disinfectant measure; Adopt clean bottled water and bottled water emergent; Build emergent central water supply station etc.Even if but can not ensure that so every masses suffering from disaster can obtain safe Freshwater resources in time.
Along with developing rapidly of forward osmosis membrane correlation technique, especially U.S. Hydration Technology Innovations(HTI) appearance of the high-effect forward osmosis membrane of company, advance greatly the practical application of forward osmosis membrane, derived a series of water equipment.But because the price of business forward osmosis membrane is comparatively expensive, be not suitable for promoting the use of in a big way.The forward osmosis membrane material that utilization of the present invention is prepared voluntarily, has designed simple, portable, efficient, economic multi-functional forward osmosis membrane cleaning water bag, can bring into play to closing great effect in the supply of emergency drinking water.In disaster area, only need be circulated in original solution chamber polluted source as original solution, then the liquid that draws of high density is joined and drawn in sap cavity, shake up to keep flat and leave standstill after a few hours, can obtain the tap water of health.Believe along with forward osmosis membrane further develop and perfect, forward osmosis membrane cleaning water bag must become the indispensable equipment of emergency drinking water supplied with.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to provide a kind of easy portable, energy-efficient, economical and practical and the multi-functional forward osmosis membrane cleaning water bag of emergency drinking water can be provided, water bag inside is followed successively by original solution chamber, draws sap cavity, water-purifying cavity, the above two only just can obtain safe Freshwater resources by permeable pressure head, and the latter is water purification storage area.
The multi-functional forward osmosis membrane cleaning water bag of the supply emergency drinking water that the present invention proposes, described cleaning water bag forms by producing tap water and storing water purification two portions, produce tap water part comprise original solution, draw obtaining of liquid be filled with fresh water from two stages of main diffusion; Storage water purification part is by existing water purification or the tap water of water bag production is stored in water-purifying cavity, for drinking at any time.Described cleaning water bag by original solution entrance 1, filter filter screen 2, forward osmosis membrane 3, draw liquid entrance 4, water purification entrance 5, water proof interface 6 and housing 7 and form, forward osmosis membrane 3 and water proof interface 6 vertical distribution are in housing 7, to in housing 7, be separated into three independently spaces, be followed successively by original solution chamber 8, draw sap cavity 9 and water-purifying cavity 10; Housing 7 one sides are provided with original solution entrance 1, original solution entrance 1 connects original solution chamber 7 by filtering filter screen 2, and housing 7 opposite sides are provided with water purification entrance 5, and water purification entrance 5 connects water-purifying cavity 10, housing 7 one end are provided with draws liquid entrance 4, draws 4 connections of liquid entrance and draws sap cavity 9; Original solution is entered in original solution chamber 8 by original solution entrance 1, drawing liquid enters into and draws in sap cavity 9 by drawing liquid entrance 4, ensure that each entrance is closing condition, shake up water bag and make its horizontal positioned, by means of the solution permeable pressure head of forward osmosis membrane both sides, without additionaling power, the original solution that is positioned at original solution chamber 8 diffuses to and draws sap cavity 9 one sides, and the liquid that draws being diluted can be for directly drinking.
The making method of the multi-functional forward osmosis membrane cleaning water bag of the supply emergency drinking water that the present invention proposes, concrete steps are as follows:
(1) preparation of forward osmosis membrane
By volume per-cent meter, by 1 of 10 ~ 15% cellulosetri-acetate (CTA), 1 ~ 3% solution additive, 4 ~ 8% lactic acid and 80%, 4-dioxane mixes, and heated solution to 70 DEG C ~ 90 DEG C fully stirring makes cellulosetri-acetate dissolve completely, leave standstill and make it remove bubble in 12 ~ 24 hours for 22 ~ 26 hours.Be under 20 DEG C ~ 25 DEG C, the relative humidity condition that is 70% ~ 90% in room temperature, use knifing machine on polyester screen supporting layer, to scrape certain thickness forward osmosis membrane, put into deionized water gel after 1.8 ~ 2.2 hours, put into again hot water and heat-treat, be finally kept at stand-by in deionized water and periodic replacement water;
(2) just permeating the preparation of water bag
Forward osmosis membrane and water proof interface that step (1) is obtained are positioned in housing, its interior separation is become to three independently spaces, be followed successively by original solution chamber, draw sap cavity and water-purifying cavity, original solution entrance is set outside original solution chamber, and original solution ingress arranges filtration filter screen, draw outer setting of sap cavity and draw liquid entrance, water-purifying cavity arranges water purification entrance outward, obtains required cleaning water bag.
In the present invention, described solvent can be selected one or more in dimethylformamide, methyl-2-pyrrolidone, Isosorbide-5-Nitrae-dioxane or acetone.
In the present invention, described solution additive can be selected one or more in polyvinylpyrrolidone, triethyl phosphate, polyoxyethylene glycol, methyl alcohol or lactic acid.
In the present invention, described original solution is mainly that natural disaster and burst pollution event area retrievable slight pollution water resources, i.e. well water, rainwater, river or lake water etc. occur.
In the present invention, described in draw liquid by high-energy solid granulates, powder mass or solution composition soluble and that can produce high osmotic pressure.The solution configuring according to a certain percentage by one or more high energy capacity materials (routine glucose, protein, fructose, sucrose, lactose, starch etc.).
In the present invention, housing adopts water-proof material, and main component is nontoxic, tasteless, ageing-resistant, not polluted water, rubber, latex, polyethylene or the PVC trevira etc. that do not react with solution.
In the present invention, described filtration filter screen 2 adopts 16 orders detachably to filter filter screen, and its material can be selected copper, zinc, stainless steel or other metals, for the filtration of original solution, to alleviate the pollution to forward osmosis membrane.When water bag is no, ensure original solution entrance 1, draw liquid entrance 4, water purification entrance 5 is closing condition, keeps forward osmosis membrane in moistening environment, avoid its dehydration to become dry, holding chamber chamber interior is hedged off from the outer world simultaneously, avoids polluting and infringement, extends its work-ing life.
In the present invention, the useful area of forward osmosis membrane is that 0.16m × 0.24m(can adopt other different specification size), tap water turnout can reach 0.2 ~ 0.5L/h.
major advantage of the present invention:
(1) compared to traditional water bag, multi-functional forward osmosis membrane cleaning water bag not only has the function that stores water purification, also has the function of producing clean drinking water, and this is to providing in time emergency drinking water to have great meaning.
(2) this water bag portable simple in structure, light, economical and efficient and have wide range of applications not only has significant role in the supply of emergency drinking water, and is suitable for the fields such as way military, far away, exploration, and application prospect is boundless.
(3) original solution is easy to obtain, and running cost is low, and reaction is without any additionaling power, only by means of the permeable pressure head between two solution.The Freshwater resources of producing meet national drinking water standard completely, capable of direct drinking.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the multi-functional water bag front (original solution one side) of just permeating;
Fig. 2 is the multi-functional water bag reverse side (water purification one side) that just permeating;
Fig. 3 is the multi-functional water bag sectional drawing that just permeating.
Number in the figure: 1 is original solution entrance; 2 for filtering filter screen; 3 is forward osmosis membrane; 4 for drawing liquid entrance (tap water outlet); 5 is water purification entrance; 6 is water proof interface; 7 is housing; 8 is original solution chamber; 9 for drawing sap cavity; 10 is water-purifying cavity.
Embodiment
For further understanding content, feature and the performance of this water bag, further illustrate by reference to the accompanying drawings by the following examples.
Embodiment 1: shown in Fig. 1-Fig. 3, the present invention is a kind of provide the forward osmosis membrane cleaning water bag of emergency drinking water by original solution entrance 1, filter filter screen 2, forward osmosis membrane 3, draw liquid entrance (tap water outlet) 4, water purification entrance 5, water proof interface 6 and housing 7 and form, forward osmosis membrane 3 and water proof interface 6 are built-in sealed, be positioned at housing 7 inside, to in water bag housing, be separated into three independently spaces, be followed successively by original solution chamber 8, draw sap cavity 9, water-purifying cavity 10.
In implementation process, by 1 of 12% cellulosetri-acetate (CTA), 2% PVP K30 (PVP), 6% lactic acid and 80%, 4-dioxane altogether 200ml solution mixes, and heat stirs and within 24 hours, makes solute dissolve completely, leave standstill and make it remove bubble in 12 hours.Under suitable temperature and humidity, use the forward osmosis membrane of knifing machine striking 150um on 180 object polyester screen supporting layers, put into deionized water gel after approximately 2 hours, then put into 70 DEG C of hot water and heat-treat, be finally kept at stand-by in deionized water and periodic replacement water.
Select deionized water as the sodium chloride solution of original solution and different concns (1mol/L, 2 mol/L, 3mol/L, 4mol/L) as drawing liquid, room temperature T=20 DEG C of condition Imitating test water bag performance.In 3 ~ 5h of initial reaction stage, corresponding average water flux value is respectively 5.71L/ (m
2h), 8.87 L/ (m
2h), 11.35 L/ (m
2h), 13.26 L/ (m
2h).Because forward osmosis membrane is selectively permeable membrane, can not hold back solute completely, the sodium-chlor solute that therefore has a little is penetrated into original solution one side from drawing liquid one side, and its corresponding solute back mixing flux is respectively 4.2mol/ (m
2h), 5.1mol/ (m
2h), 5.7mol/ (m
2h), 7.2 mol/ (m
2h), data show that the forward osmosis membrane of preparation is functional, and not only water flux is higher, and solute rejection is also higher.The volume that water bag draws sap cavity is about 1.5L, and for the liquid that draws of lower concentration, solution filling time is about 7 hours, draws liquid concentration and increases, and filling time can correspondingly be reduced to 3 ~ 6h.
Experiment proved invent multi-functional forward osmosis membrane cleaning water bag simple, conveniently carry owing to possessing, economical and practical, without additionaling power, stock liquid and draw liquid wide material sources and can High-efficient Production safety, the feature of healthy drinking water, be the good equipment that emergency drinking water is supplied with.
Claims (7)
1. one kind provides the making method of the multi-functional forward osmosis membrane cleaning water bag of emergency drinking water, described cleaning water bag forms by producing tap water and storing water purification two portions, produce tap water part comprise original solution, draw obtaining of liquid be filled with fresh water from two stages of main diffusion; Storage water purification part is by existing water purification or the tap water of water bag production is stored in water-purifying cavity, for drinking at any time; Cleaning water bag by original solution entrance (1), filter filter screen (2), forward osmosis membrane (3), draw liquid entrance (4), water purification entrance (5), water proof interface (6) and housing (7) and form, forward osmosis membrane (3) and water proof interface (6) vertical distribution are in housing (7), to in housing (7), be separated into three independently spaces, be followed successively by original solution chamber (8), draw sap cavity (9) and water-purifying cavity (10); Housing (7) one sides are provided with original solution entrance (1), original solution entrance (1) connects original solution chamber (8) by filtering filter screen (2), housing (7) opposite side is provided with water purification entrance (5), water purification entrance (5) connects water-purifying cavity (10), housing (7) one end is provided with draws liquid entrance (4), draws liquid entrance (4) connection and draws sap cavity (9); Original solution is entered in original solution chamber (8) by original solution entrance (1), drawing liquid enters into and draws in sap cavity (9) by drawing liquid entrance (4), ensure that each entrance is closing condition, shake up water bag and make its horizontal positioned, by means of the solution permeable pressure head of forward osmosis membrane both sides, without additionaling power, the original solution that is positioned at original solution chamber (8) diffuses to and draws sap cavity (9) one sides, and the liquid that draws being diluted can be for directly drinking; Concrete steps are as follows:
(1) preparation of forward osmosis membrane
By 1 of 10 ~ 15% cellulosetri-acetate, 1 ~ 3% solution additive, 4 ~ 8% lactic acid and 80%, 4-dioxane mixes, and heated solution to 70 DEG C ~ 90 DEG C fully stirring makes cellulosetri-acetate dissolve completely, leave standstill and make it remove bubble in 12 ~ 24 hours for 22 ~ 26 hours; Be under 20 DEG C ~ 25 DEG C, the relative humidity condition that is 70% ~ 90% in room temperature, use knifing machine on polyester screen supporting layer, to scrape certain thickness forward osmosis membrane, put into deionized water gel after 1.8 ~ 2.2 hours, put into again hot water and heat-treat, be finally kept at stand-by in deionized water and periodic replacement water;
(2) just permeating the preparation of water bag
Forward osmosis membrane and water proof interface that step (1) is obtained are positioned in housing, be divided into three independently spaces, be followed successively by original solution chamber, draw sap cavity and water-purifying cavity, original solution entrance is set outside original solution chamber, and original solution ingress arranges filtration filter screen, draw outer setting of sap cavity and draw liquid entrance, water-purifying cavity arranges water purification entrance outward, obtains required cleaning water bag.
2. making method according to claim 1, is characterized in that described solution additive selects one or more in polyvinylpyrrolidone, triethyl phosphate, polyoxyethylene glycol or methyl alcohol.
3. making method according to claim 1, is characterized in that described original solution is mainly that the retrievable slight pollution water resources of natural disaster and burst pollution event area occurs, and described slight pollution water resources is well water, rainwater, river or lake water.
4. making method according to claim 1, described in it is characterized in that, draw liquid by high-energy solid granulates, powder mass or solution composition soluble and that can produce high osmotic pressure, described in draw the solution that liquid specifically configures the glucose of one or more high energy capacity materials, protein, fructose, sucrose, lactose and powder according to a certain percentage.
5. making method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that housing adopt water-proof material be in rubber, latex, polyethylene or PVC trevira any.
6. making method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described filtration filter screen (2) adopts 16 orders detachably to filter filter screen, its material can be selected copper, zinc, stainless steel or other metals, for the filtration of original solution, to alleviate the pollution to forward osmosis membrane.
7. making method according to claim 1, the useful area that it is characterized in that described forward osmosis membrane is 0.16m × 0.24m, tap water turnout reaches 0.2 ~ 0.5L/h.
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| CN103172186B true CN103172186B (en) | 2014-12-10 |
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| CN103385514B (en) * | 2013-07-03 | 2015-09-23 | 佛山中润水处理科技有限公司 | As the nutritive medium preparation method of positive osmotic drive liquid |
| CN103395862B (en) * | 2013-07-15 | 2015-04-22 | 王曙光 | Foldable purified water bag |
| CN104554656A (en) * | 2013-10-15 | 2015-04-29 | 宁波莲华环保科技股份有限公司 | Maritime emergency lifesaving system |
| CN105077474B (en) * | 2015-07-27 | 2017-12-22 | 青岛沃赛海水淡化科技有限公司 | A kind of desalinization first-aid dressing |
| CN106582320B (en) * | 2016-12-11 | 2019-04-30 | 浙江伊美薄膜工业集团有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of high-strength anti-pollution type forward osmosis membrane |
| CN107441960A (en) * | 2017-08-02 | 2017-12-08 | 同济大学 | The preparation method of high-performance Triafol T forward osmosis membrane |
| CN109319886A (en) * | 2018-11-15 | 2019-02-12 | 中国人民解放军陆军工程大学 | Bear Portable positive penetrating water purifier |
| CN109305719A (en) * | 2018-11-19 | 2019-02-05 | 中国人民解放军陆军工程大学 | A kind of positive infiltration water bag |
| CN110407297A (en) * | 2019-07-03 | 2019-11-05 | 上海仪耐新材料科技有限公司 | A kind of portable high-efficiency emergency water bag and preparation method thereof |
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