CN103170723A - Connection method of rapid in-situ forming same quantity and phase aluminum oxide ceramics in atmospheric environment - Google Patents
Connection method of rapid in-situ forming same quantity and phase aluminum oxide ceramics in atmospheric environment Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a connection method of rapid in-situ forming same quantity and phase aluminum oxide ceramics in an atmospheric environment, and belongs to the ceramics-ceramics or ceramics-metal connecting field. Rapid wetting of a joint can be achieved in the atmospheric environment, joint internal stress of a composite phase structure is greatly alleviated, and meanwhile the joint is strengthened and use temperature is improved. Compared with a connection method of other ceramics, the connection method of the rapid in-situ forming same quantity and phase aluminum oxide ceramics in the atmospheric environment can obtain excellent performances of high sealing performance (joint jointing rate is larger than or equal to 95%), high intensity (70-90 MPa) and wide service temperature range, and is especially suitable for rapid, efficient and high-strength connection of structures of aluminum oxide ceramics- aluminum oxide ceramics and aluminum oxide ceramics-metal(aluminum, copper, stainless steel, corresponding alloy and the like) which need long time vacuum pressure withstand, high service temperature, high intensity and high corrosion resistance performance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the method for attachment that quick in situ under a kind of atmospheric environment generates homogeneity or approximate homogeneity phase alumina pottery, be particularly useful for the long-time vacuum pressure-resistant seal of needs, than the aluminium oxide ceramics-aluminium oxide ceramics of elevated operating temperature, high strength and high-corrosion resistance and aluminium oxide ceramics-metal (aluminium, copper, stainless steel and alloy separately thereof) is interstructural fast, efficiently reaches high-strength connection.
Background technology
In recent years, pottery has high rigidity, high strength, low-density, low thermal coefficient of expansion and good thermal conductivity, resistance to chemical corrosion because of it, just is being widely used in the various aspects of productive life.For example, in the biologic medical field, based on its good high temperature resistant and resistance to chemical corrosion, pottery mainly is used in the aspects such as dentistry, biology sensor and Embedded micro-system; In the machining field, based on its high rigidity, pottery is widely used in the production of cutting tool; In the nuclear energy field, ceramic material is also used widely, extensively is used in international thermonuclear test reaction unit (ITER) engineering as silicon nitride ceramics; At new energy field, the pottery also by a large amount of application, uses as a large amount of in solid oxide fuel cell (SOFCs) zirconia ceramics; The also vital effect of performance in defence equipment and aerospace field of pottery simultaneously.Bring into play in above-mentioned field except pottery not replaceable effect, consumer electronic industry is also the main application fields of pottery, and it is used as the substrate of power device module, the tight demand that is brought to satisfy the high power device package cooling widely.
Although aluminium oxide ceramics uses ceramic material largest and widest in area to be used widely various aspects in social production as a kind of so far.But aluminium oxide ceramics process and forming ability poor, so alumina ceramic material must be processed into new structure satisfying above-mentioned special demand together with other materials, and these composite constructions are mainly the connections that ceramic to ceramic is connected with ceramic-metal.But the reliability of the switching performance of ceramic material or joint is affected by many factors: the chemical reactivity that 1. is connected storeroom; 2. the crystallography relation between the material atomic structure; 3. pottery and the mismatch of intermetallic thermal coefficient of expansion; 4. the mechanical adhesion ability between the interface; 5. the disposition at interface (roughness, surface contamination); 6. the Environmental compatibility of joint.As being connected of aluminium oxide ceramics and metallic aluminium, both fusing points differ greatly (more than 1000 ℃), thermal conductivity and linear expansion coefficient also differ greatly simultaneously, therefore along with the development of technology and the expansion of material application, performance to jointing has proposed more, higher requirement, and this just makes the process conditions of connection more harsh; Simultaneously along with the in short supply of global energy and to the raising of environmental protection attention rate, develop the new method of attachment that can effectively overcome harsh connection process conditions and the two contradiction of energy-conserving and environment-protective simultaneously and be inevitable development trend from now on.
Connect development course from pottery, the method that aluminium oxide ceramics connects is broadly divided into three classes: mechanical connection, solid phase connect and soldering.Mechanical connection mainly comprises two kinds of hinged and bolts, but strength of joint and sealing that the method obtains are relatively poor, and processed complex, therefore do not used widely simultaneously; Solid phase connects and comprises friction welding (FW), explosive welding (EW), ultrasonic bond and diffusion welding (DW).Friction welding (FW), explosive welding (EW), diffusion welding (DW) can not well be satisfied the modern production demand for development of environmental protection and energy-saving and emission-reduction because of shortcomings such as its complex process equipment and production cycle length.Ultrasonic wave connects the connection that can enough simple equipment realizes at short notice material because of it, does not need in addition the remarkable advantage such as brazing flux or binding agent and is subject to paying close attention to more and more widely.But there is open defect in traditional ultra-sonic welded, i.e. mechanical shock damage is large, and being connected simultaneously metal material is relatively soft material (Al, Cu, Mg etc.) mostly.
Soldering mainly can be divided into two classes in the aluminium oxide ceramics connection area: the one, and direct soldering (Mo-Mn method), the operating procedure of the method is complicated, need the pre-metallization through the aluminium oxide ceramics surface, and its joint performance affected by the control accuracy of technological parameter very large, this process implementation cost is very high simultaneously.The 2nd, active soldering namely adopts the solder that adds active element (Zr, Ti, Cr etc.) directly to realize the formation of joint.Connect technique although the method can significantly reduce the joint formation temperature and simplify, the weak point of the method is the physical property difference that is connected storeroom in order effectively to overcome, and the acquisition of most of joint must be completed under long-time vacuum environment.Therefore how overcoming these connection drawbacks is the difficult points in ceramic applications field, the more important thing is that the joint that obtains homogeneity or approximate homogeneity phase structure is the key issue that solution is needed in present large-scale production and application badly.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve problem in prior art, the invention provides the method for attachment that quick in situ under a kind of atmospheric environment generates homogeneity or approximate homogeneity phase alumina pottery, method of attachment of the present invention is particularly useful for the long-time vacuum pressure-resistant seal of needs, high strength and the aluminium oxide ceramics-aluminium oxide ceramics of high-corrosion resistance or the connection of aluminium oxide ceramics-metal, described connecting material comprises material identical or different mother metal 1 and mother metal 22, and this method of attachment comprises the following steps:
I, be connected the surface treatment that material carries out: mother metal 1, mother metal 22 are polished (mechanical system), and to guarantee surface cleanliness (wipe oil, attachment etc.) and roughness, ultrasonic cleaning 1～5 minute is adopted in intermediate layer 3;
II, mother metal one (1) are placed in lower floor, mother metal two (2) is placed in the upper strata and intermediate layer (3) dress up " sandwich " laminated construction in middle groups, consist of to be connected sample structure;
III, apply the precompression with respect to described linkage interface on mother metal 22;
IV, with heater, the connecting portion of mother metal 1 and mother metal 22 is carried out local fast heating to 700～900 ℃ of design temperatures;
V, with Vltrasonic device, mother metal 22 is applied with respect to the vibration of the high frequency ultrasound of described joint face, the frequency of ultrasonic vibration is that 15kHz～50kHz, amplitude are 5 μ m～40 μ m, and the ultrasonic vibration time is 0～1000 second;
After VI, ultrasonic vibration were completed, stopped heating also continued pressurize to described connecting portion and is cooled to 200+/-20 ℃, accelerates cooling.Accelerate cooling provision and not only can enhance productivity, can also reduce the harmful effect of the residual stress that causes because of coefficient of thermal expansion mismatch.
As a further improvement on the present invention, above-mentioned aluminium oxide ceramics can be the polycrystalline alumina ceramic that uses in industrial production, also can be high-purity monocrystalline sapphire, even other ceramic materials; The purity of above-mentioned aluminium oxide ceramics is preferred 75～99%, the preferred α of above-mentioned high-purity monocrystalline sapphire, the crystal orientation such as β, γ.
Above-mentioned connecting material is specifically as follows: described mother metal 1 is aluminium oxide ceramics for aluminium oxide ceramics, mother metal 22; What perhaps described mother metal 1 was aluminium oxide ceramics, mother metal 22 in metal material is a kind of; Perhaps described mother metal 1 is that a kind of, mother metal 22 in metal material are aluminium oxide ceramics; The alloy of the preferred aluminium of described metal material, copper, stainless steel or its any two or more metal.
Polishing preferred mechanical mode described in above-mentioned steps I, to guarantee surface cleanliness (wipe oil, attachment etc.) and roughness, the described ultrasonic cleaning time is 1～5 minute by polishing;
The described mother metal 1 of above-mentioned steps II or mother metal 22 all can be installed on bottom fixed dimension jig 4, the present invention is defaulted as mother metal one 1 clampings on bottom fixed dimension jig 4, mother metal 22 is realized coordinating with mother metal 1 by adjustable dimension jig 5, make both joint face relatively and intermediate layer 3 is placed in required being connected between the interface, consist of " sandwich " structure of aluminium oxide ceramics-intermediate layer-aluminium oxide ceramics or aluminium oxide ceramics-intermediate layer-metal.
Above-mentioned intermediate layer 3 materials and size preferred version are:
1. for obtaining maximum homogeneity joint, preferred fine aluminium; As only needing performance to a certain extent to improve, and reduce and connect temperature, one or more in preferred aluminium-zinc, Solder for Al-Cu Joint Welding, aluminium-silicon, aluminium-magnesium alloy.
2. for obtaining best connection effect, the size in described intermediate layer 3 should be than the cross sectional dimensions that is connected mother metal 1, mother metal 22 joint interface large 0.5～2mm in one direction, and symmetrically stretches out to two ends.
3. connect effect for shortening the connect hours and strengthening greatly, the thickness in selected intermediate layer 3 is 0.1～0.5mm.
4. the size in intermediate layer 3, shape and physical state can optimize according to practical application definite, described intermediate layer 3 be shaped as sheet, paper tinsel shape, strip or bulk.
The purpose of precompression described in the above-mentioned steps III is the compactness that increases joint, reduces when connecting temperature and shortens the connect hours; Described precompression size is 0.5～3MPa, and uniformity is answered in applying of precompression, avoids concentration of local
The purpose of local fast heating described in above-mentioned steps IV is in order to reduce heat input, energy savings and to reduce the damage that the thermal stress expansion mismatch is brought, and is incubated to Preset Time after reaching design temperature.Described design temperature should be higher than 40 ℃～300 ℃ of intermediate layer 3 fusing points; The heating rate of described heater is 300～500 ℃/min.
As a further improvement on the present invention, at above-mentioned steps IV, the linkage interface temperature was risen to design temperature after 0～5 second, and the high frequency ultrasound that applies of beginning step V is vibrated under this steady temperature.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the above-mentioned mother metal that is connected is block, bar-shaped, sheet or tabular.Wherein the welding point mode can be docking or overlap joint; Docking or when overlapping above-mentioned connecting material, in above-mentioned steps I～VI, mother metal 1 is placed with mother metal 22 transverse horizontal.
Above-mentioned heater can be electromagnetic induction, microwave or resistance heated mode.
Above-mentioned Vltrasonic device can be excess sound pressure bar or other ultrasonic powers.
As a further improvement on the present invention, be accurately to control heating-up temperature in practical operation, heater in above-mentioned steps IV can also be equipped with real time temperature watch-dog (infrared measurement of temperature or thermocouple temperature measurement), by described attemperating unit, real time temperature control is carried out at the position that is connected of heating.
Above-mentioned ultrasonic pressure head can directly apply precompression and welding pressure to syndeton, thereby reduces attachment device, simplified apparatus and operating procedure, but must prevent from causing the overheated damage of ultrasonic pressure head because of heat.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1, the method for attachment between aluminium oxide ceramics-aluminium oxide ceramics of the present invention and aluminium oxide ceramics-metal material adopts fast eddy-current heating to be combined with the power ultrasonic auxiliary phase, can be when effectively improving joint efficiency, dither can effectively overcome the limitation in ceramic connection procedure.Dither can effectively reduce because Fast Heating and the cooling problem of bringing residual stress concentrations on the one hand; The ultrasonic wetability that can significantly effectively strengthen in process in the aluminium oxide ceramics connection procedure that applies on the other hand.Meanwhile, hyperacoustic acoustic streaming and cavitation effect can also effectively be removed other the defective such as the oxide-film of material surface and impurity, minimizing pore, thereby can form fast high-quality and reliable joint.
2, this method connects under atmospheric environment, and having overcome in traditional aluminium oxide ceramics joint formation method needs high vacuum, high pressure, high temperature and long difficult point.Less demanding to connected piece surface roughness and cleannes simultaneously, simplified technique; Shorten the connection cycle, reduced production cost; And because heat time heating time is short, heated perimeter is little, required Bonding pressure and ultrasonic vibration power low, thereby it is less to consume the energy, makes that to connect productivity effect better.
3, this method of attachment need not to use any interpolation reagent or other auxiliary or safeguard measure, has also avoided adding reagent when having reduced production cost to the pollution of environment and the harm that operator ' s health is caused; In addition, the potential danger of generation pore when also having avoided using the electrochemical corrosion of the joint that forms when adding reagent and reaction, thus increased the reliability of jointing.
4, little due to Bonding pressure, temperature is low and weld interval is short, so this method is specially adapted to the connection of large tracts of land or large-scale sheet aluminium oxide ceramics-aluminium oxide ceramics or aluminium oxide ceramics-metal.
5, this method can be under the effect of power ultrasonic field, in aluminium oxide ceramics-fine aluminium-aluminium oxide ceramics or aluminium oxide ceramics-fine aluminium-metal joint structure, make the aluminum interlayer material autoxidation that is in liquid phase by ultrasonic cavitation, thereby formation alumina ceramic grain, by ultrasonic vibration make its particle diameter close and equably disperse be distributed in joint, consist of the effect that aluminium oxide ceramics phase self transition connects, and consist of and the joint design that is connected aluminium oxide ceramics homogeneity or approximate homogeneity together with ceramic phase that aluminium oxide ceramics surface in situ extension generates, in joint, the ceramic phase accounting reaches more than 90%, filling aluminum in the middle of ceramic phase.The joint design that obtains have high leakproofness (joint closes rate 〉=95%), high strength (common aluminium oxide ceramics jointing shearing strength reaches 70～90MPa), the excellent properties of wide in range service temperature scope, thus the particular application of satisfy the demand long-time vacuum pressure-resistant seal, high service temperature, high strength and high-corrosion resistance.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that the present invention is connected material assembling schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is syndeton clamping schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is induction heat of the present invention-ultrasonic jockey schematic diagram;
In figure, each component names is as follows: mother metal 1, mother metal 22, intermediate layer 3, bottom fixed dimension jig 4, adjustable dimension jig 5, electromagnetic induction heating coil 6, ultrasonic depression bar 7.
The specific embodiment
The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Embodiment one: shown in accompanying drawing 1,2,3, under a kind of atmospheric environment, quick in situ generates the method for attachment of homogeneity or approximate homogeneity phase alumina pottery, and this method of attachment comprises the following steps:
I, be connected the surface treatment that material carries out: the interface to mother metal 1, mother metal 22 carries out mechanical grinding, and to guarantee surface cleanliness and roughness, ultrasonic cleaning 1～5 minute is adopted in intermediate layer 3;
II, mother metal 1, mother metal 22 and intermediate layer 3 are with the assembling of " sandwich " laminated construction, and formation is connected sample structure;
III, apply the precompression with respect to described linkage interface on mother metal 22, the precompression size is 0.5～3MPa, precompression apply uniformity, avoid concentration of local;
IV, carry out local fast heating to 700～900 ℃ of design temperatures with the connecting portion of 6 pairs of mother metals of high-frequency electromagnetic induction heater coil 1 and mother metal 22;
V, apply with respect to the vibration of the high frequency ultrasound of described joint face with 7 pairs of mother metals 22 of ultrasonic depression bar, the frequency of ultrasonic vibration is that 15kHz～50kHz, amplitude are 5 μ m～40 μ m, and the ultrasonic vibration time is 0～1000 second;
After VI, ultrasonic vibration are completed, stopped heating also continues pressurize to described connecting portion and is cooled to uniform temperature 200+/-20 ℃, then take quick cooling provision with speed production efficient, thereby reduce the harmful effect of the residual stress that causes because of coefficient of thermal expansion mismatch.
It is 75～99% polycrystalline alumina ceramic that above-mentioned aluminium oxide ceramics can be the purity of using in industrial production.
The above-mentioned material that is connected is specially: described mother metal 1 is aluminium oxide ceramics for aluminium oxide ceramics, mother metal 22.
One 1 clampings of mother metal described in the above-mentioned steps II are on bottom fixed dimension jig 4, mother metal 22 is realized coordinating with mother metal 1 by adjustable dimension jig 5, make both joint face relatively and intermediate layer 3 is placed in required being connected between the interface, consist of " sandwich " structure of aluminium oxide ceramics-intermediate layer-aluminium oxide ceramics or aluminium oxide ceramics-intermediate layer-metal.
The above-mentioned intermediate layer 3 preferred fine aluminiums of material; For obtaining best connection effect, the size in selected intermediate layer 3 should be than the cross sectional dimensions that is connected mother metal 1, mother metal 22 joint interface large 0.5～2mm in one direction, and symmetrically stretches out to two ends.Be to shorten the connect hours and strengthen greatly and connect effect, the thickness in selected intermediate layer 3 is 0.1～0.5mm, described intermediate layer 3 be shaped as sheet.
The purpose of precompression described in the above-mentioned steps III is the compactness that increases joint, reduces when connecting temperature and shortens the connect hours.
The purpose of local fast heating described in above-mentioned steps IV is in order to reduce heat input, energy savings and to reduce the damage that the thermal stress expansion mismatch is brought, and is incubated to Preset Time after reaching design temperature.Described electromagnetic induction heating heating rate is 300～500 ℃/min.
At above-mentioned steps IV, the linkage interface temperature was risen to design temperature after 0～5 second, and the power ultrasonic that applies of beginning step V vibrates under this steady temperature.
The above-mentioned mother metal that is connected is bulk, and wherein the welding point mode can be docking, and during the above-mentioned connecting material of docking, in above-mentioned steps I～VI, mother metal 1 is placed with mother metal 22 transverse horizontal.
This method connects under atmospheric environment, and having overcome in traditional aluminium oxide ceramics joint formation method needs high vacuum, high pressure, high temperature and long difficult point.
this method can be under the effect of power ultrasonic field, in aluminium oxide ceramics-fine aluminium-aluminium oxide ceramics or aluminium oxide ceramics-fine aluminium-metal joint structure, make the aluminum interlayer material autoxidation that is in liquid phase by ultrasonic cavitation, thereby formation alumina ceramic grain, by ultrasonic vibration make its particle diameter close and equably disperse be distributed in joint, consist of the effect that aluminium oxide ceramics phase self transition connects, and consist of and the joint design that is connected aluminium oxide ceramics homogeneity or approximate homogeneity together with ceramic phase that aluminium oxide ceramics surface in situ extension generates, in joint, the ceramic phase accounting reaches more than 90%, filling aluminum in the middle of ceramic phase.The joint design that obtains have high leakproofness (joint closes rate 〉=95%), high strength (common aluminium oxide ceramics jointing shearing strength reaches 70～90MPa), the excellent properties of wide in range service temperature scope, thus the particular application of satisfy the demand long-time vacuum pressure-resistant seal, high service temperature, high strength and high-corrosion resistance.
Little due to Bonding pressure, temperature is low and weld interval is short, so this method is specially adapted to the connection of large tracts of land or large-scale sheet aluminium oxide ceramics-aluminium oxide ceramics or aluminium oxide ceramics-metal.
Embodiment two: shown in accompanying drawing 2, under a kind of atmospheric environment, quick in situ generates the method for attachment of homogeneity or approximate homogeneity phase alumina pottery, and this method of attachment comprises the following steps:
I, be connected the surface treatment that material carries out: mother metal 1, mother metal 22 interfaces are polished, and to guarantee certain surface cleanliness and roughness, ultrasonic cleaning 1～5 minute is adopted in intermediate layer 3;
II, mother metal 1, mother metal 22 and intermediate layer 3 are with the assembling of " sandwich " laminated construction, and formation is connected sample structure;
III, apply the precompression with respect to described linkage interface on mother metal 22, the precompression size is 0.5～3MPa, precompression apply uniformity, avoid concentration of local;
IV, carry out local fast heating to 700～900 ℃ of design temperatures with the connecting portion of 6 pairs of mother metals of high-frequency electromagnetic induction heater coil 1 and mother metal 22;
V, apply with respect to the vibration of the high frequency ultrasound of described joint face with 7 pairs of mother metals 22 of ultrasonic depression bar, the frequency of ultrasonic vibration is that 15kHz～50kHz, amplitude are 5 μ m～40 μ m, and the ultrasonic vibration time is 0～1000 second;
After VI, ultrasonic vibration are completed, stopped heating also continues pressurize to described connecting portion and is cooled to uniform temperature 200+/-20 ℃, then take quick cooling provision with speed production efficient, thereby reduce the harmful effect of the residual stress that causes because of coefficient of thermal expansion mismatch.
Above-mentioned aluminium oxide ceramics is high-purity monocrystalline sapphire (crystal orientation such as α, β, γ) material.
The above-mentioned material that is connected is specially: described mother metal 1 is a kind of in metal material for aluminium oxide ceramics, mother metal 22.
Above-mentioned mother metal one 1 clampings are on bottom fixed dimension jig 4, mother metal 22 is realized coordinating with mother metal 1 by adjustable dimension jig 5, make both joint face relatively and intermediate layer 3 is placed in required being connected between the interface, consist of " sandwich " structure of aluminium oxide ceramics-intermediate layer-aluminium oxide ceramics or aluminium oxide ceramics-intermediate layer-metal.
Preferred aluminium-the zinc of the material in above-mentioned intermediate layer 3, for obtaining best connection effect, the size in described intermediate layer 3 should be than the cross sectional dimensions that is connected mother metal 1, mother metal 22 joint interface large 0.5～2mm in one direction, and symmetrically stretches out to two ends.Be to shorten the connect hours and strengthen greatly and connect effect, described intermediate layer 3 thickness are 0.1～0.5mm, described intermediate layer 3 be shaped as the paper tinsel shape.
The purpose of precompression described in the above-mentioned steps III is the compactness that increases joint, reduces when connecting temperature and shortens the connect hours.
The purpose of local fast heating described in above-mentioned steps IV is in order to reduce heat input, energy savings and to reduce the damage that the thermal stress expansion mismatch is brought, and is incubated to Preset Time after reaching design temperature.Described electromagnetic induction heating heating rate is 300～500 ℃/min.
At above-mentioned steps IV, the linkage interface temperature was risen to design temperature after 0～5 second, and the high frequency ultrasound that applies of beginning step V is vibrated under this steady temperature.
The above-mentioned mother metal that is connected is tabular.Wherein the welding point mode can be overlap joint, and during the above-mentioned connecting material of overlap joint, in above-mentioned steps I～VI, mother metal 1 is placed with mother metal 22 transverse horizontal.
Be accurately to control heating-up temperature in practical operation, electromagnetic induction heater in above-mentioned steps IV can also be equipped with real time temperature watch-dog (infrared measurement of temperature or thermocouple temperature measurement), by described attemperating unit, real time temperature control is carried out at the position that is connected of heating.
Above-mentioned ultrasonic pressure head can directly apply precompression and welding pressure to syndeton, thereby reduces attachment device, simplified apparatus and operating procedure, but must prevent from causing the overheated damage of ultrasonic pressure head because of heat.
This method provides quick in situ under a kind of atmospheric environment to generate the method for attachment of homogeneity or approximate homogeneity phase alumina pottery, the joint design that obtains have high leakproofness (joint closes rate 〉=95%), high strength (common aluminium oxide ceramics jointing shearing strength reaches 70～90MPa), the excellent properties of wide in range service temperature scope, thus the particular application of satisfy the demand long-time vacuum pressure-resistant seal, high service temperature, high strength and high-corrosion resistance.
Embodiment three: shown in accompanying drawing 3, under a kind of atmospheric environment, quick in situ generates the method for attachment of homogeneity or approximate homogeneity phase alumina pottery, and this method of attachment comprises the following steps:
I, be connected material and carry out necessary surface treatment: mother metal 1, mother metal 22 are polished, and to guarantee surface cleanliness and roughness, ultrasonic cleaning 1～5 minute is adopted in intermediate layer 3;
II, mother metal 1, mother metal 22 and intermediate layer 3 are with the assembling of " sandwich " laminated construction, and formation is connected sample structure;
III, apply the precompression with respect to described linkage interface on mother metal 22, the precompression size is 0.5～3MPa, precompression apply uniformity, avoid concentration of local;
IV, carry out local fast heating to 700～900 ℃ of design temperatures with the connecting portion of 6 pairs of mother metals of high-frequency electromagnetic induction heater coil 1 and mother metal 22;
V, apply with respect to the vibration of the high frequency ultrasound of described joint face with 7 pairs of mother metals 22 of ultrasonic depression bar, the frequency of ultrasonic vibration is that 15kHz～50kHz, amplitude are 5 μ m～40 μ m, and the ultrasonic vibration time is 0～1000 second;
After VI, ultrasonic vibration are completed, stopped heating also continues pressurize to described connecting portion and is cooled to uniform temperature 200+/-20 ℃, then take quick cooling provision with speed production efficient, thereby reduce the harmful effect of the residual stress that causes because of coefficient of thermal expansion mismatch.
Above-mentioned aluminium oxide ceramics can be the polycrystalline alumina ceramic of the different purity (75～99%) of using in industrial production.
The above-mentioned material that is connected is specially: described mother metal 1 is aluminium oxide ceramics for a kind of, the mother metal 22 in metal material.
22 clampings of mother metal described in the above-mentioned steps II are on the fixed dimension jig of bottom, mother metal 1 is realized coordinating with mother metal 22 by the adjustable dimension jig, make both joint face relatively and intermediate layer 3 is placed in required being connected between the interface, consist of " sandwich " structure of aluminium oxide ceramics-intermediate layer-aluminium oxide ceramics or aluminium oxide ceramics-intermediate layer-metal.
One or more in the preferred Solder for Al-Cu Joint Welding in above-mentioned intermediate layer 3, aluminium-silicon, aluminium-magnesium alloy, for obtaining best connection effect, the size in described intermediate layer 3 should be than the cross sectional dimensions that is connected mother metal 1, mother metal 22 joint interface large 0.5～2mm in one direction, and symmetrically stretches out to two ends.Be to shorten the connect hours and strengthen greatly and connect effect, the thickness in selected intermediate layer 3 is 0.1～0.5mm, described intermediate layer 3 be shaped as bulk.
The purpose of precompression described in the above-mentioned steps III is the compactness that increases joint, reduces when connecting temperature and shortens the connect hours.
The purpose of local fast heating described in above-mentioned steps IV is in order to reduce heat input, energy savings and to reduce the damage that the thermal stress expansion mismatch is brought, and is incubated to Preset Time after reaching design temperature.Described electromagnetic induction heating heating rate is 300～500 ℃/min.
At above-mentioned steps IV, the linkage interface temperature was risen to design temperature after 0～5 second, and the high frequency ultrasound that applies of beginning step V is vibrated under this steady temperature.
The above-mentioned mother metal that is connected is for block.Wherein the welding point mode can be docking, and during the above-mentioned connecting material of docking, in above-mentioned steps I～VI, mother metal 1 is placed with mother metal 22 transverse horizontal.
Be accurately to control heating-up temperature in practical operation, electromagnetic induction heater in above-mentioned steps IV can also be equipped with real time temperature watch-dog (infrared measurement of temperature or thermocouple temperature measurement), by described attemperating unit, real time temperature control is carried out at the position that is connected of heating.
Above-mentioned ultrasonic pressure head can directly apply precompression and welding pressure to syndeton, thereby reduces attachment device, simplified apparatus and operating procedure, but must prevent from causing the overheated damage of ultrasonic pressure head because of heat.
This method provides quick in situ under a kind of atmospheric environment to generate the method for attachment of homogeneity or approximate homogeneity phase alumina pottery, the joint design that obtains have high leakproofness (joint closes rate 〉=95%), high strength (common aluminium oxide ceramics jointing shearing strength reaches 70～90MPa), the excellent properties of wide in range service temperature scope, thus the particular application of satisfy the demand long-time vacuum pressure-resistant seal, high service temperature, high strength and high-corrosion resistance.
Above content is in conjunction with concrete preferred embodiment further description made for the present invention, can not assert that concrete enforcement of the present invention is confined to these explanations.For the general technical staff of the technical field of the invention, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, can also make some simple deduction or replace, all should be considered as belonging to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. under an atmospheric environment, original position generates the method for attachment of aluminium oxide ceramics, and described connecting material comprises the identical or different mother metal of material one (1) and mother metal two (2), it is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
I, be connected the surface treatment that material carries out: mother metal one (1), mother metal two (2) are polished, and intermediate layer (3) adopt ultrasonic cleaning;
II, mother metal one (1) are placed in lower floor, mother metal two (2) is placed in the upper strata and intermediate layer (3) dress up " sandwich " laminated construction in middle groups;
III, apply the precompression with respect to described linkage interface on mother metal two (2);
IV, with heater, the connecting portion of mother metal one (1) and mother metal two (2) is carried out local fast heating to 700～900 ℃ of design temperatures;
V, with Vltrasonic device, mother metal two (2) is applied with respect to the vibration of the high frequency ultrasound of described joint face, the frequency of ultrasonic vibration is that 15kHz～50kHz, amplitude are 5 μ m～40 μ m, and the ultrasonic vibration time is 0～1000 second;
After VI, ultrasonic vibration were completed, stopped heating also continued pressurize to described connecting portion and is cooled to temperature 200+/-20 ℃, accelerates cooling.
2. method of attachment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described aluminium oxide ceramics is the polycrystalline alumina ceramic that uses in industrial production or high-purity monocrystalline sapphire.
3. method of attachment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described mother metal one (1) is aluminium oxide ceramics for aluminium oxide ceramics, mother metal two (2); What perhaps described mother metal one (1) was aluminium oxide ceramics, mother metal two (2) in metal material is a kind of; Perhaps described mother metal one (1) is that a kind of, mother metal two (2) in metal material are aluminium oxide ceramics.
4. method of attachment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described intermediate layer (3) are one or more in fine aluminium, aluminium-zinc, Solder for Al-Cu Joint Welding, aluminium-silicon or aluminium-magnesium alloy.
5. method of attachment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: being shaped as of described mother metal one (1) is block, bar-shaped, sheet or tabular; Being shaped as of described mother metal two (2) is block, bar-shaped, sheet or tabular; Described intermediate layer (3) be shaped as sheet, paper tinsel shape, strip or bulk.
6. method of attachment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the size of described intermediate layer (3) should be than the cross sectional dimensions that is connected mother metal one (1), mother metal two (2) joint interface large 0.5～2mm in one direction, and symmetrically stretches out to two ends; The thickness in described intermediate layer (3) is 0.1～0.5mm.
7. method of attachment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described design temperature should be higher than 40 ℃～300 ℃ of intermediate layer (3) fusing points; Described heater heating rate is 300～500 ℃/min.
8. method of attachment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the linkage interface temperature was risen to described design temperature after 0～5 second, and the high frequency ultrasound that applies of the described step V of beginning is vibrated under this steady temperature.
9. method of attachment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: wherein the welding point mode can be docking or overlap joint; Docking or when overlapping above-mentioned connecting material, in above-mentioned steps I～VI, mother metal one (1) is placed with mother metal two (2) transverse horizontal.
10. method of attachment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the heater in described step IV also comprises the real time temperature watch-dog.
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