CN103166337A - Double-speed winding switch reluctance motor - Google Patents
Double-speed winding switch reluctance motor Download PDFInfo
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- CN103166337A CN103166337A CN2013100368042A CN201310036804A CN103166337A CN 103166337 A CN103166337 A CN 103166337A CN 2013100368042 A CN2013100368042 A CN 2013100368042A CN 201310036804 A CN201310036804 A CN 201310036804A CN 103166337 A CN103166337 A CN 103166337A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a double-speed winding switch reluctance motor. Stator teeth in even number are arranged on a stator, and concentrated windings are arranged on the stator teeth. The concentrated windings comprise low-speed concentrated windings and high-speed concentrated windings, and the number of turns of the low-speed concentrated windings is more than that of the high-speed concentrated windings. The wire diameter of each low-speed concentrated winding is smaller than that of one high-speed concentrated winding, and in two adjacent stator teeth, one stator tooth is coiled with a low-speed concentrated winding, and the other stator tooth is coiled with a high-speed concentrated winding. A low-speed concentrated winding is arranged on the opposite side of another low-speed concentrated winding in the radial direction of the stator, and moreover the two low-speed concentrated windings are connected in series or in parallel to form a one-phase low-speed winding. The opposite side of each high-speed concentrated winding is provided with another high-speed concentrated winding in the radial direction of the stator, and the two high-speed concentrated windings are connected in series or in parallel to form a one-phase high-speed winding. The double-speed winding switch reluctance motor can output large torque in low-speed operation, and has a wide speed regulation range in high-speed operation.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the technical field that motor is made, specifically, relate to a kind of double speed winding switched reluctance machines.
Background technology
Along with the development of power electronic device technology, microelectric technique and automatic control technology, the especially caused rise in price of rare earth permanent-magnetic material export restrictions, the application of switched reluctance machines will be more and more extensive.Switched reluctance machines is the double-salient-pole structure, and rotor is pressed by the ordinary silicon steel disc and folded into, on rotor both without permanent magnet also without winding, only have centralized winding coil on stator, it is according to " magnetic resistance is minimum " principle work.Switched reluctance machines possesses the advantages such as manufacturing process is simple, cost is low, firm in structure, fault freedom good, suitable high-speed cruising, has demonstrated powerful competitiveness and wide application prospect in the fields such as industrial drives, electrical speed regulation, stirring system, electric automobile, household electrical appliance, textile machine.
Application scenario take drive system of electric automobile as representative requires electric system can realize the large torque output of Heng Zhuanjuqu and the wide range speed control operation of Heng Gongshuaiqu.Yet for the motor driven systems of routine, these two require to be difficult to satisfy simultaneously.Its reason is that the large torque output of low regime and the output-constant operation of high velocity are the contradiction of a pair of very difficult mediation, usually can only take into account the performance requirement in two zones as far as possible when design motor and controller, and can't give full play to the optimum capacity in zone separately.Particularly, on traditional Stators for Switched Reluctance Motors, several salient pole teeth evenly distribute, profile of tooth is identical, winding evenly distributes, be that on each stator tooth, cover has the centralized coil that the number of turn is identical and wire diameter is identical, with a stator slot dimidiation, belong to out of phase two coil turn limits and be arranged in side by side in same stator slot.Heterogeneous symmetric winding coil evenly distributes along stator circumference, and several coils form a phase winding according to performance requirement series, parallel or series-parallel connection, and motor when being conducted all coils of this phase winding all switch on.Adopt the switched reluctance machines of above-mentioned traditional winding construction to present performance preferably in the some operation areas in low regime or high velocity, be difficult to satisfy simultaneously the high performance requirements in the whole service scope, limited its electric automobile etc. not only required low speed high torque fan-out capability in short-term by force, but also require further popularization and the development of the application scenario of high speed speed-regulating range width.
Therefore, the present invention is from solving this contradiction, on existing ordinary tap reluctance motor architecture basics, a kind of double-speed switch reluctance motor of novel winding construction has been proposed, can take into account low speed high torque output and the wide speed range constant power output of motor by the switchover operation of double winding, guarantee the high performance operation of drive system in the whole service operating mode.In addition, this novel winding construction can further improve reliability and the fault freedom of switched reluctance machines, and double winding possesses redundancy, more is conducive to fail safe, reliability requirement high field is being used.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem: technical problem to be solved by this invention is: a kind of double speed winding switched reluctance machines is provided, this switched reluctance machines can be exported large torque when low cruise, can have again broad speed adjustable range when high-speed cruising, and be applicable to any number of phases, rotor teeth groove cooperation arbitrarily.
Technical scheme: for solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
A kind of double speed winding switched reluctance machines, comprise stator and rotor, described stator is provided with the even number stator tooth, and stator tooth is provided with concentrated winding, should concentrate winding to comprise the concentrated winding of low speed of suitable low cruise and the concentrated winding of high speed of suitable high-speed cruising, low speed concentrates the turn ratio of winding to concentrate at a high speed the number of turn of winding many, and low speed concentrates the wire diameter of winding less than concentrating at a high speed the wire diameter of winding; In adjacent two stator tooths, be wound with low speed on a stator tooth and concentrate winding, be wound with on another stator tooth and concentrate at a high speed winding, and it is that a low speed is concentrated winding along the radially relative opposite side of stator that each low speed is concentrated winding, and these two low speed concentrate winding order serial or parallel connection to form a phase low speed winding; Each concentrates at a high speed winding is that a high speed is concentrated winding along the radially relative opposite side of stator, and these two high speeds concentrate winding order serial or parallel connection to form a phase high speed winding.
Further, described switched reluctance machines adopts threephase stator 12 groove rotor 8 pole switching reluctance electric machine structures, stator is provided with 12 stator tooths, low speed concentrates winding to comprise the first low speed concentrating coil, the second low speed concentrating coil, the 3rd low speed concentrating coil, the 4th low speed concentrating coil, the 5th low speed concentrating coil and the 6th low speed concentrating coil, the first low speed concentrating coil is radially relative with the 4th low speed concentrating coil, and the order serial or parallel connection forms A phase low speed winding; The second low speed concentrating coil is radially relative with the 5th low speed concentrating coil, and the order serial or parallel connection forms B phase low speed winding; The 3rd low speed concentrating coil is radially relative with the 6th low speed concentrating coil, and the order serial or parallel connection forms C phase low speed winding; Concentrate at a high speed winding to comprise the first high speed concentrating coil, the second high speed concentrating coil, third high speed concentrating coil, the 4th high speed concentrating coil, the 5th high speed concentrating coil and the 6th high speed concentrating coil, the second high speed concentrating coil is radially relative with the 5th high speed concentrating coil, and the order serial or parallel connection forms A phase high speed winding; Third high speed concentrating coil is radially relative with the 6th high speed concentrating coil, and the order serial or parallel connection forms B phase high speed winding; The first high speed concentrating coil is radially relative with the 4th high speed concentrating coil, and the order serial or parallel connection forms C phase high speed winding.
Further, described switched reluctance machines adopts four phase stator 8 groove rotor 6 pole switching reluctance electric machine structures, stator is provided with 8 stator tooths, low speed concentrates winding to comprise the first low speed concentrating coil, the second low speed concentrating coil, the 4th low speed concentrating coil and the 5th low speed concentrating coil, the first low speed concentrating coil is radially relative with the 4th low speed concentrating coil, and the order serial or parallel connection forms A phase low speed winding; The second low speed concentrating coil is radially relative with the 5th low speed concentrating coil, and the order serial or parallel connection forms B phase low speed winding; Concentrate at a high speed winding to comprise the second high speed concentrating coil, third high speed concentrating coil, the 5th high speed concentrating coil and the 6th high speed concentrating coil, the second high speed concentrating coil is radially relative with the 5th high speed concentrating coil, and the order serial or parallel connection forms A phase high speed winding; Third high speed concentrating coil is radially relative with the 6th high speed concentrating coil, and the order serial or parallel connection forms B phase high speed winding.
Further, described switched reluctance machines adopts two-phase stator 4 groove rotor 6 pole switching reluctance electric machine structures, stator is provided with 4 stator tooths, low speed concentrates winding to comprise the first low speed concentrating coil and the 4th low speed concentrating coil, these two low speed concentrating coils are radially relative, and the order serial or parallel connection forms A phase low speed winding; Concentrate at a high speed winding to comprise the second high speed concentrating coil and the 5th high speed concentrating coil, these two high speed concentrating coils are radially relative, and the order serial or parallel connection forms A phase high speed winding.
Beneficial effect: compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
1. motor can be exported large torque when low cruise, can have again broad speed adjustable range when high-speed cruising.Compare with traditional switched reluctance machines, novel switched reluctance motor stator of the present invention and rotor core do not need to change, and laminated by silicon steel punched chip to consist of, but the winding winding have had larger change.In traditional structure, all stator tooths are averagely allocated to every phase winding, and distribute successively along stator circumference, and each stator slot is divided into two halves, belong to out of phase two equal turn numbers, wire diameter identical coil turn limits and are arranged in side by side in same stator slot.And the stator tooth of motor of the present invention is made as low speed tooth and high speed tooth, on the low speed tooth, cover has the low speed of suitable low cruise to concentrate winding, on the high speed tooth, cover has the high speed of suitable high-speed cruising to concentrate winding, low speed concentrates the turn ratio of winding to concentrate at a high speed the number of turn of winding many, and low speed concentrates the wire diameter of winding less than concentrating at a high speed the wire diameter of winding.Under the condition that does not increase cost and manufacture difficulty, can control respectively low speed and concentrate winding and concentrate at a high speed the electric current of winding and open the pass angle of rupture, so that motor can be exported large torque when low cruise, can have again broad speed adjustable range when high-speed cruising.
2. suitable high-speed cruising.In motor of the present invention, winding is arranged on stator, both there is no winding on rotor, also there is no permanent magnet.Rotor moment of inertia is little, suitable high-speed cruising.
3. realize the high-performance output in the whole service scope.The present invention passes through to control the number of turn and the wire diameter of the concentrated winding of low speed and at a high speed concentrated winding, makes motor work independently respectively and concentrates winding and the mechanical characteristic seamless link of concentrating at a high speed under winding in low speed, realizes the high-performance output that the whole service scope is interior.
4. simple in structure firm, reduce manufacturing cost.In motor of the present invention, stator and rotor form by the silicon steel sheet compacting.Processing is simple, and structure is firm, does not need to use permanent magnet, and material and cost of manufacture are lower.In addition, low speed is concentrated winding and is concentrated at a high speed winding to be centralized coil, and the coiling difficulty is low, and the end is shorter, has effectively reduced copper loss, and is beneficial to the heat radiation of motor.
5. the machine operation safety and reliability is high.In motor of the present invention, exist low speed concentrate winding and concentrate at a high speed the winding double winding, even wherein a cover winding breaks down, still can utilize remaining certain power and the torque of cover winding output, guarantee the safe and reliable of motor driven systems.In addition, low speed is concentrated winding and is concentrated at a high speed the separate work of winding double winding, and each the alternate mutual inductance of every cover winding is all less, has stronger fault-tolerant operation ability, has effectively improved the reliability of system.
6. the parameter of electric machine is versatile and flexible.Cover has low speed to concentrate the low speed tooth of winding different with the magnetic circuit that cover has the high speed tooth of at a high speed concentrated winding to bear, and can treat respectively.By optimizing the shape and size of low speed tooth and high speed tooth, further improve motor performance.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the horizontal sectional structure schematic diagram of the threephase stator 12 groove rotor 8 pole switching reluctance motors of traditional winding construction.
Fig. 2 is the horizontal sectional structure schematic diagram that the embodiment of the present invention 1 adopts the double-speed switch reluctance motor of threephase stator 12 groove rotor 8 electrode structures.
Fig. 3 is that the embodiment of the present invention 1 adopts a cover three phase power circuit to coordinate the double speed winding switched reluctance machines asymmetrical half-bridge formula main circuit diagram of single-pole double throw diverter switch.
Fig. 4 is the double speed winding switched reluctance machines asymmetrical half-bridge formula main circuit diagram that the embodiment of the present invention 1 adopts two cover three phase power circuit.
Fig. 5 is the horizontal sectional structure schematic diagram that the embodiment of the present invention 2 adopts the double-speed switch reluctance motor of four phase stator 8 groove rotor 6 electrode structures.
Fig. 6 is that the embodiment of the present invention 2 adopts a cover two-phase power circuit to coordinate the double speed winding switched reluctance machines asymmetrical half-bridge formula main circuit diagram of single-pole double throw diverter switch.
Fig. 7 is the horizontal sectional structure schematic diagram that the embodiment of the present invention 3 adopts the double-speed switch reluctance motor of two-phase stator 4 groove rotor 6 electrode structures.
Fig. 8 is that the embodiment of the present invention 3 adopts a cover single-phase power circuit to coordinate the double speed winding switched reluctance machines asymmetrical half-bridge formula main circuit diagram of single-pole double throw diverter switch.
have in figure: stator 1, low speed is concentrated winding 2, the first low speed concentrating coil 2A1, the second low speed concentrating coil 2B1, the 3rd low speed concentrating coil 2C1, the 4th low speed concentrating coil 2A2, the 5th low speed concentrating coil 2B2, the 6th low speed concentrating coil 2C2, concentrate at a high speed winding 3, the first high speed concentrating coil 3C1, the second high speed concentrating coil 3A1, third high speed concentrating coil 3B1, the 4th high speed concentrating coil 3C2, the 5th high speed concentrating coil 3A2, the 6th high speed concentrating coil 3B2, rotor 4, diverter switch 5, three-phase power switch 6, three-phase fly-wheel diode 7, six road power switchs 8, six road fly-wheel diodes 9.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, technical scheme of the present invention is described in detail.
A kind of double speed winding switched reluctance machines of the present invention comprises stator 1 and rotor 4.Stator 1 is provided with the even number stator tooth.Form stator slot between the adjacent stators tooth.Each stator tooth radially has a stator tooth relative with it along stator.Stator tooth is provided with concentrated winding, and this concentrated winding comprises the concentrated winding 2 of low speed of suitable low cruise and the concentrated winding 3 of high speed of suitable high-speed cruising.Concentrated winding is placed in the stator slot of stator 1, and stator tooth is wound around.Low speed concentrates the turn ratio of winding 2 to concentrate at a high speed the number of turn of winding 3 many, and low speed concentrates the wire diameter of winding 2 less than concentrating at a high speed the wire diameter of winding 3.In adjacent two stator tooths, be wound with low speed on a stator tooth and concentrate winding 2, be wound with on another stator tooth and concentrate at a high speed winding 3.That is to say, low speed is concentrated winding 2 and is concentrated at a high speed winding 3 circumferentially alternately arranging along stator.It is that a low speed is concentrated winding 2 along the radially relative opposite side of stator 1 that each low speed is concentrated winding 2, and these two low speed concentrate winding 2 order serial or parallel connections to form a phase low speed winding.Each concentrates at a high speed winding 3 is that a high speed is concentrated winding 3 along the radially relative opposite side of stator 1, and these two high speeds concentrate winding 3 order serial or parallel connections to form a phase high speed winding.
Further, described stator 1 and rotor 4 are salient-pole structure, and rotor 4 is internal rotor, perhaps external rotor.According to the actual needs of motor, rotor 4 can be set to internal rotor, also can be set to external rotor.When rotor 4 was internal rotor, stator 1 was positioned at the outside of rotor 4.When rotor 4 was external rotor, stator 1 was positioned at the inboard of rotor 4.On rotor 4 without winding and permanent magnet.
The working mechanism of double speed winding switched reluctance machines of the present invention is: follow the magnetic resistance minimum principle, namely magnetic flux is always closed along the path of magnetic resistance minimum (magnetic conductance is maximum).When stator tooth and rotor tooth center line do not overlap, when namely magnetic conductance was not maximum, magnetic field will produce magnetic pull, formed reluctance torque, made rotor 4 forward the position of magnetic conductance maximum to.When passing into electric current successively in each phase winding of motor stator, rotor 4 will rotate to specific direction step by step.If change the energising order of each phase winding of motor stator, motor turns to change, but the change of phase current energising direction can't affect turning to of rotor 4.
The winding construction of double speed winding switched reluctance machines of the present invention is fully different from traditional structure.The present invention is equally divided into two groups with stator tooth, and one group is the low speed tooth, and one group is the high speed tooth, is wound with the coil of the different numbers of turn, different wire diameters on two groups of different stator tooths.Low speed tooth and high speed tooth both can be identical profile of tooth, the facewidth, also can be dissimilar tooth form, the facewidth.Wherein, the coil series, parallel on the low speed tooth or string and series-parallel connection form heterogeneous symmetrical low speed winding, and the coil series, parallel on the high speed tooth or string and series-parallel connection form heterogeneous symmetrical high speed winding.Therefore, will place the coil turn limit that two numbers of turn do not wait, wire diameter is different in each stator slot.Wherein: on the stator tooth of half, cover has the low speed winding coil (number of turn is mainly with producing larger torque) of suitable low cruise, and overlaps the high speed winding coil (number of turn is less to realize higher rotation speed) that suitable high-speed cruising is arranged on second half stator tooth.By this kind winding construction, making originally, indiscriminate stator tooth has had dividing of low speed tooth (cover has the winding of suitable low cruise) and high speed tooth (cover has the winding of suitable high-speed cruising).By the distribution of control signal, can realize that the winding between low cruise and high-speed cruising switches.Independent of one another when low speed winding and high speed winding normally move, in the permanent torque of low speed district, the low speed winding is switched on separately, and in high speed constant power district, the high speed winding is switched on separately.When the cover of one in low speed winding and high speed winding winding broke down, a remaining cover winding still can work, and guaranteed certain torque and the power of motor output under malfunction.Adopt the switched reluctance machines of winding construction of the present invention, can make motor can export large torque when low cruise, can have again broad speed adjustable range when high-speed cruising, satisfy the performance requirement of drive system.
Key of the present invention only by changing winding construction, both can make motor can export large torque when low cruise under the condition that does not change the electric machine rotor core dimensions, can have again broad speed adjustable range when high-speed cruising.
The present invention can be applied to the switched reluctance machines of any number of phases, any rotor teeth groove number of poles combination.The below exemplifies three embodiment and illustrates technical scheme of the present invention and operation principle thereof.
Embodiment 1: describe as an example of threephase stator 12 groove rotor 8 pole switching reluctance electric machine structures example.
As shown in Figure 2, the threephase stator 12 groove rotor 8 pole switching reluctance motors of the present embodiment, stator 1 is provided with 12 stator tooths.in adjacent two stator tooths, a cover has the low speed winding coil of suitable low cruise, another cover has the high speed winding coil of suitable high-speed cruising, be to still have 12 winding coils on stator, by counterclockwise being called successively: the first low speed concentrating coil 2A1, the first high speed concentrating coil 3C1, the second low speed concentrating coil 2B1, the second high speed concentrating coil 3A1, the 3rd low speed concentrating coil 2C1, third high speed concentrating coil 3B1, the 4th low speed concentrating coil 2A2, the 4th high speed concentrating coil 3C2, the 5th low speed concentrating coil 2B2, the 5th high speed concentrating coil 3A2, the 6th low speed concentrating coil 2C2 and the 6th high speed concentrating coil 3B2.
Low speed concentrates winding 2 to comprise the first low speed concentrating coil 2A1, the second low speed concentrating coil 2B1, the 3rd low speed concentrating coil 2C1, the 4th low speed concentrating coil 2A2, the 5th low speed concentrating coil 2B2 and the 6th low speed concentrating coil 2C2, the first low speed concentrating coil 2A1 is radially relative with the 4th low speed concentrating coil 2A2, the order serial or parallel connection forms A phase low speed winding, and the magnetic linkage after this two low speed concentrating coil energising flows to mutually suitable; The second low speed concentrating coil 2B1 is radially relative with the 5th low speed concentrating coil 2B2, and the order serial or parallel connection forms B phase low speed winding, and the magnetic linkage after this two low speed concentrating coil energising flows to mutually suitable; The 3rd low speed concentrating coil 2C1 is radially relative with the 6th low speed concentrating coil 2C2, and the order serial or parallel connection forms C phase low speed winding, and the magnetic linkage after this two low speed concentrating coil energising flows to mutually suitable; Concentrate at a high speed winding 3 to comprise the first high speed concentrating coil 3C1, the second high speed concentrating coil 3A1, third high speed concentrating coil 3B1, the 4th high speed concentrating coil 3C2, the 5th high speed concentrating coil 3A2 and the 6th high speed concentrating coil 3B2, the second high speed concentrating coil 3A1 is radially relative with the 5th high speed concentrating coil 3A2, the order serial or parallel connection forms A phase high speed winding, and the magnetic linkage after this two high speeds concentrating coil energising flows to mutually suitable; 3B1 is radially relative with the 6th high speed concentrating coil 3B2 for third high speed concentrating coil, and the order serial or parallel connection forms B phase high speed winding, and the magnetic linkage after this two high speeds concentrating coil energising flows to mutually suitable; The first high speed concentrating coil 3C1 is radially relative with the 4th high speed concentrating coil 3C2, and the order serial or parallel connection forms C phase high speed winding, and the magnetic linkage after this two high speeds concentrating coil energising flows to mutually suitable.
There is double winding in this switched reluctance machines, i.e. low speed ABC three phase windings and high speed ABC three phase windings.This double-speed switch reluctance motor control mode is various, can be according to operating mode difference flexible choices, make work independently respectively mechanical characteristic seamless link when low speed winding and the high speed winding of motor by the reasonable control to power switch, thereby further improve the performance of double-speed switch reluctance motor in the whole range of speeds that adopts new-type winding construction.The main circuit of this electric machine controller has different forms, can use two cover three phase power translation circuits, be connected to respectively three-phase low speed winding and three-phase high speed winding, work alone separately, thereby realize that double winding is fully independent, redundancy each other, improved reliability and the fault-tolerant operation ability of whole drive system; Another kind of mode is to use a cover three phase power translation circuit, send different control signals according to different operating mode needs, act on single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT) and switch action, the autonomous selection is connected to three-phase low speed winding or three-phase high speed winding, and this mode can reduce cost and the volume of controller.
The switched reluctance machines of the present embodiment, when double-speed switch reluctance motor low cruise, give A mutually when the first low speed concentrating coil 2A1 and the 4th low speed concentrating coil 2A2 energising, the magnetic pull of generation will try hard to make rotor to forward the position that the respective rotor tooth overlaps with stator tooth that winding coil 2A1,2A2 comprise to.Therefore, if switch on continuously for successively A-B-C three-phase low speed winding coil, rotor just can rotate counterclockwise, and this moment, motor can work in the low speed high torque output state.If change the energising phase sequence, rotor just can opposite spin.When double-speed switch reluctance motor high-speed cruising, when giving A phase the second high speed concentrating coil 3A1 and the 5th high speed concentrating coil 3A2 energising, rotor can rotate counterclockwise, and the magnetic pull of generation will try hard to make rotor to forward the position that the respective rotor tooth overlaps with stator tooth that winding coil 3A1,3A2 comprise to.Therefore, if switch on continuously for successively A-B-C three-phase high speed winding coil, rotor just can rotate counterclockwise, and this moment, motor can work in high speed constant power stage state.If change the energising phase sequence, rotor just can opposite spin.
Also comprise single-pole double throw diverter switch 5 in Fig. 3, A phase upper arm power switch 61, A phase underarm power switch 62, B phase upper arm power switch 63, B phase underarm power switch 64, C phase upper arm power switch 65, A phase underarm power switch 66, A phase upper arm fly-wheel diode 71, A phase underarm fly-wheel diode 72, B phase upper arm fly-wheel diode 73, B phase underarm fly-wheel diode 74, C phase upper arm fly-wheel diode 75, C phase underarm fly-wheel diode 76.In Fig. 3, the circuit three-phase structure is symmetrical, every mutually in, low speed is concentrated winding or is concentrated at a high speed windings in series between two power switchs of upper underarm, two fly-wheel diodes of upper underarm also are connected to winding two ends and windings in series, so that continuous current circuit to be provided.Two of single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT) not the moved end concentrate winding and be connected with low speed respectively and concentrate winding to be connected, select low speed to concentrate wherein overlapping in the winding place in circuit in winding and the concentrated winding of high speed by the single-pole double throw diverter switch.
Double-speed switch reluctance motor main circuit shown in Figure 3 and traditional threephase switch reluctance motor main circuit are very approaching, just complete the switching of three-phase high speed winding and three-phase low speed winding by single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT), realize two different power circulation paths.It is emphasized that the single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT) here can adopt mechanical switch, also can adopt the electronic power switch that to realize said function to substitute.
also comprise low speed winding A phase upper arm power switch 81 in Fig. 4, low speed winding A phase underarm power switch 82, low speed winding B phase upper arm power switch 83, low speed winding B phase underarm power switch 84, low speed winding C phase upper arm power switch 85, low speed winding C phase underarm power switch 86, high speed winding A phase upper arm power switch 87, high speed winding A phase underarm power switch 88, high speed winding B phase upper arm power switch 89, high speed winding B phase underarm power switch 810, high speed winding C phase upper arm power switch 811, high speed winding C phase underarm power switch 812, low speed winding A phase upper arm fly-wheel diode 91, low speed winding A phase underarm fly-wheel diode 92, low speed winding B phase upper arm fly-wheel diode 93, low speed winding B phase underarm fly-wheel diode 94, low speed winding C phase upper arm fly-wheel diode 95, low speed winding C phase underarm fly-wheel diode 96, high speed winding A phase upper arm fly-wheel diode 97, high speed winding A phase underarm fly-wheel diode 98, high speed winding B phase upper arm fly-wheel diode 99, high speed winding B phase underarm fly-wheel diode 910, high speed winding C phase upper arm fly-wheel diode 911, high speed winding C phase underarm fly-wheel diode 912.In Fig. 4, circuit six line structure full symmetrics, in every road, a windings in series is between two power switchs of upper underarm, and two fly-wheel diodes of upper underarm also are connected to winding two ends and windings in series, so that continuous current circuit to be provided.In six road power switchs, the three tunnel are used for connecting three-phase low speed concentrates winding, and three the tunnel are used for connecting three-phase concentrates at a high speed winding.
Power circuit is similar mutually with six for double-speed switch reluctance motor main circuit shown in Figure 4, and three-phase low speed winding and three-phase high speed winding take respectively three road power circuits, and they can independent operating, and redundancy is strong, zmodem.
As shown in Figure 1, in the motor of tradition winding construction, 12 winding coils that the number of turn is identical are arranged on stator, by counterclockwise being called successively the first concentrating coil to the 12 concentrating coils, wherein: the first concentrating coil is radially relative with the 7th concentrating coil, the 4th concentrating coil is radially relative with the tenth concentrating coil, above-mentioned four coils can the order series, parallel or string and series-parallel connection after form the A phase winding; The second concentrating coil is radially relative with the 8th concentrating coil, and the 5th concentrating coil is radially relative with the 11 concentrating coil, above-mentioned four coils can the order series, parallel or string and series-parallel connection after form the B phase winding; The 3rd concentrating coil is radially relative with the 9th concentrating coil, and the 6th concentrating coil is radially relative with the 12 concentrating coil, above-mentioned four coils can the order series, parallel or string and series-parallel connection after form the C phase winding.In the motor of tradition winding construction, all stator tooths are averagely allocated to every phase winding, and winding evenly distributes, and namely on each stator tooth, cover has the centralized coil that the number of turn is identical and wire diameter is identical, forms heterogeneous symmetric winding.Like this, motor can only present performance preferably in the some operation areas in low regime or high velocity, is difficult to satisfy simultaneously the high performance requirements in the whole service scope.
Embodiment 2: describe as an example of four phase stator 8 groove rotor 6 pole switching reluctance electric machine structures example.
Show as Fig. 5, the four phase stator 8 groove rotor 6 pole switching reluctance motors of the present embodiment, stator 1 is provided with 8 stator tooths.in adjacent two stator tooths, a cover has the low speed winding coil of suitable low cruise, another cover has the high speed winding coil of suitable high-speed cruising, the number of turn of low speed winding coil and high speed winding coil is different from wire diameter, be to still have 8 winding coils on stator, by counterclockwise being called successively: the first low speed concentrating coil 2A1, the second high speed concentrating coil 3A1, the second low speed concentrating coil 2B1, third high speed concentrating coil 3B1, the 4th low speed concentrating coil 2A2, the 5th high speed concentrating coil 3A2, the 5th low speed concentrating coil 2B2, the 6th high speed concentrating coil 3B2.
Low speed concentrates winding 2 to comprise the first low speed concentrating coil 2A1, the second low speed concentrating coil 2B1, the 4th low speed concentrating coil 2A2 and the 5th low speed concentrating coil 2B2, the first low speed concentrating coil 2A1 is radially relative with the 4th low speed concentrating coil 2A2, the order serial or parallel connection forms A phase low speed winding, and the magnetic linkage after this two low speed concentrating coil energising flows to mutually suitable; The second low speed concentrating coil 2B1 is radially relative with the 5th low speed concentrating coil 2B2, and the order serial or parallel connection forms B phase low speed winding, and the magnetic linkage after this two low speed concentrating coil energising flows to mutually suitable; Concentrate at a high speed winding 3 to comprise the second high speed concentrating coil 3A1, third high speed concentrating coil 3B1, the 5th high speed concentrating coil 3A2 and the 6th high speed concentrating coil 3B2, the second high speed concentrating coil 3A1 is radially relative with the 5th high speed concentrating coil 3A2, the order serial or parallel connection forms A phase high speed winding, and the magnetic linkage after this two high speeds concentrating coil energising flows to mutually suitable; 3B1 is radially relative with the 6th high speed concentrating coil 3B2 for third high speed concentrating coil, and the order serial or parallel connection forms B phase high speed winding, and the magnetic linkage after this two high speeds concentrating coil energising flows to mutually suitable.
Also comprise single-pole double throw diverter switch 5 in Fig. 6, A phase upper arm power switch 61, A phase underarm power switch 62, B phase upper arm power switch 63, B phase underarm power switch 64, A phase upper arm fly-wheel diode 71, A phase underarm fly-wheel diode 72, B phase upper arm fly-wheel diode 73, B phase underarm fly-wheel diode 74.In Fig. 6, the circuit two phase structure is symmetrical.Every mutually in, low speed is concentrated winding or is concentrated at a high speed windings in series between two power switchs of upper underarm, two fly-wheel diodes of upper underarm also are connected to winding two ends and windings in series, so that continuous current circuit to be provided.Two of single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT) not the moved end concentrate winding and be connected with low speed respectively and concentrate winding to be connected, select low speed to concentrate wherein overlapping in the winding place in circuit in winding and the concentrated winding of high speed by the single-pole double throw diverter switch.
Double-speed switch reluctance motor main circuit shown in Figure 6 and traditional two-phase switched reluctance machines main circuit are very approaching, just complete the switching of two-phase high speed winding and two-phase low speed winding by single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT), realize two different power circulation paths.It is emphasized that the single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT) here can adopt mechanical switch, also can adopt the electronic power switch that to realize said function to substitute.
Four traditional phase stator 8 groove rotor 6 pole switching reluctance motors, rotor is salient-pole structure, stator has 8 salient pole teeth, evenly be wound with respectively all identical concentrated winding coils of 8 numbers of turn, wire diameter, by counterclockwise being called successively the first concentrating coil, the second concentrating coil, the 3rd concentrating coil, the 4th concentrating coil, the 5th concentrating coil, the 6th concentrating coil, the 7th concentrating coil, the 8th concentrating coil.Wherein: the first concentrating coil is radially relative with the 5th concentrating coil, concentrates mutually winding with forming A after their order serial or parallel connections; The second concentrating coil is radially relative with the 6th concentrating coil, concentrates mutually winding with forming B after their order serial or parallel connections; The 3rd concentrating coil is radially relative with the 7th concentrating coil, concentrates mutually winding with forming C after their order serial or parallel connections; The 4th concentrating coil is radially relative with the 8th concentrating coil, concentrates phase winding with forming D after their order series and parallel connections.In the tradition winding construction, all stator tooths of motor are averagely allocated to every phase winding, form four symmetrical windings.
In the present embodiment 2, adopt the winding construction of double speed winding switched reluctance machines fully different from the conventional motors structure.There is double winding in the switched reluctance machines of embodiment 2, i.e. low speed AB two phase windings and high speed AB two phase windings, the just coil turn of double winding, wire diameter difference.Low speed winding and high speed winding can independent operatings, can make motor can export large torque when low cruise, and broad speed adjustable range can be arranged when high-speed cruising again, satisfy the drive system performance requirement.
Embodiment 3: describe as an example of two-phase stator 4 groove rotor 6 pole switching reluctance electric machine structures example.
As shown in Figure 7, the two-phase stator 4 groove rotor 6 pole switching reluctance motors of the present embodiment, stator 1 is provided with 4 stator tooths.In adjacent two stator tooths, a cover has the low speed winding coil of suitable low cruise, another cover has the high speed winding coil of suitable high-speed cruising, the number of turn of low speed winding coil and high speed winding coil is different from wire diameter, be to still have 4 winding coils on stator, by counterclockwise being called successively: the first low speed concentrating coil 2A1, the second high speed concentrating coil 3A1, the 4th low speed concentrating coil 2A2, the 5th high speed concentrating coil 3A2.
Low speed concentrates winding 2 to comprise the first low speed concentrating coil 2A1 and the 4th low speed concentrating coil 2A2, and this two low speed concentrating coil is radially relative, and the order serial or parallel connection forms A phase low speed winding, and the magnetic linkage after this two low speed concentrating coil energising flows to mutually suitable; Concentrate at a high speed winding 3 to comprise the second high speed concentrating coil 3A1 and the 5th high speed concentrating coil 3A2, this two high speeds concentrating coil is radially relative, and the order serial or parallel connection forms A phase high speed winding, and the magnetic linkage after this two high speeds concentrating coil energising flows to mutually suitable.
Also comprise single-pole double throw diverter switch 5 in Fig. 8, A phase upper arm power switch 61, A phase underarm power switch 62, A phase upper arm fly-wheel diode 71, A phase underarm fly-wheel diode 72.In Fig. 8, low speed is concentrated winding or is concentrated at a high speed windings in series between two power switchs of upper underarm, and two fly-wheel diodes of upper underarm also are connected to winding two ends and windings in series, so that continuous current circuit to be provided.Two of single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT) not the moved end concentrate winding and be connected with low speed respectively and concentrate winding to be connected, select low speed to concentrate wherein overlapping in the winding place in circuit in winding and the concentrated winding of high speed by the single-pole double throw diverter switch.
Double-speed switch reluctance motor main circuit shown in Figure 8 and traditional single phase switched reluctance machines main circuit are very approaching, just complete the switching of two-phase high speed winding and two-phase low speed winding by single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT), realize two different power circulation paths.It is emphasized that the single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT) here can adopt mechanical switch, also can adopt the electronic power switch that to realize said function to substitute.
Traditional two-phase stator 4 groove rotor 6 pole switching reluctance motors, rotor is salient-pole structure, stator has 4 salient pole teeth, evenly be wound with respectively all identical concentrated winding coils of 4 numbers of turn, wire diameter, by counterclockwise being called successively the first concentrating coil, the second concentrating coil, the 3rd concentrating coil, the 4th concentrating coil.Wherein: the first concentrating coil is radially relative with the 3rd concentrating coil, concentrates mutually winding with forming A after their order serial or parallel connections; The second concentrating coil is radially relative with the 4th concentrating coil, concentrates mutually winding with forming B after their order serial or parallel connections.In the tradition winding construction, all stator tooths of motor are averagely allocated to every phase winding, form the two-phase symmetric winding.
In the present embodiment 3, adopt the winding construction of double speed winding switched reluctance machines fully different from the conventional motors structure.There is double winding in the switched reluctance machines of embodiment 3, i.e. the single-phase winding of low speed and the single-phase winding of high speed, the just coil turn of double winding, wire diameter difference.Low speed winding and high speed winding can independent operatings, can make motor can export large torque when low cruise, and broad speed adjustable range can be arranged when high-speed cruising again, satisfy the drive system performance requirement.
In the double-speed switch reluctance motor that adopts winding construction of the present invention, half stator tooth cover has the low speed winding coil, second half stator tooth cover has the high speed winding coil, can optimize by Finite Element profile of tooth and the facewidth of stator low speed tooth and high speed tooth, design respectively optimum coil turn and the wire diameter of low speed winding and high speed winding, make work independently respectively mechanical characteristic seamless link under low speed winding and high speed winding of motor, further improve the performance of the double-speed switch reluctance motor full rotary speed area in the whole service scope that adopts new-type winding construction.
Above-mentioned three embodiment are the detailed introductions to double-speed switch reluctance motor of the present invention, used specific case herein principle of the present invention and execution mode are set forth, the explanation of above embodiment just is used for helping to understand method of the present invention and core concept thereof; Simultaneously, for one of ordinary skill in the art, according to thought of the present invention, all will change in specific embodiments and applications, should not be construed as limitation of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. double speed winding switched reluctance machines, comprise stator (1) and rotor (4), it is characterized in that, described stator (1) is provided with the even number stator tooth, and stator tooth is provided with concentrated winding, should concentrate winding to comprise the concentrated winding (2) of low speed of suitable low cruise and the concentrated winding (3) of high speed of suitable high-speed cruising, low speed concentrates the turn ratio of winding (2) to concentrate at a high speed the number of turn of winding (3) many, and low speed concentrates the wire diameter of winding (2) less than concentrating at a high speed the wire diameter of winding (3); In adjacent two stator tooths, be wound with low speed on a stator tooth and concentrate winding (2), be wound with on another stator tooth and concentrate at a high speed winding (3), and it is that a low speed is concentrated winding (2) along the radially relative opposite side of stator (1) that each low speed is concentrated winding (2), and these two low speed concentrate winding (2) order serial or parallel connection to form a phase low speed winding; Each concentrates at a high speed winding (3) is that a high speed is concentrated winding (3) along the radially relative opposite side of stator (1), and these two high speeds concentrate winding (3) order serial or parallel connection to form a phase high speed winding.
2. according to double speed winding switched reluctance machines claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described switched reluctance machines adopts threephase stator 12 groove rotor 8 pole switching reluctance electric machine structures, stator (1) is provided with 12 stator tooths, low speed concentrates winding (2) to comprise the first low speed concentrating coil (2A1), the second low speed concentrating coil (2B1), the 3rd low speed concentrating coil (2C1), the 4th low speed concentrating coil (2A2), the 5th low speed concentrating coil (2B2) and the 6th low speed concentrating coil (2C2), the first low speed concentrating coil (2A1) is radially relative with the 4th low speed concentrating coil (2A2), the order serial or parallel connection forms A phase low speed winding, the second low speed concentrating coil (2B1) is radially relative with the 5th low speed concentrating coil (2B2), and the order serial or parallel connection forms B phase low speed winding, the 3rd low speed concentrating coil (2C1) is radially relative with the 6th low speed concentrating coil (2C2), and the order serial or parallel connection forms C phase low speed winding, concentrate at a high speed winding (3) to comprise the first high speed concentrating coil (3C1), the second high speed concentrating coil (3A1), third high speed concentrating coil (3B1), the 4th high speed concentrating coil (3C2), the 5th high speed concentrating coil (3A2) and the 6th high speed concentrating coil (3B2), the second high speed concentrating coil (3A1) is radially relative with the 5th high speed concentrating coil (3A2), and the order serial or parallel connection forms A phase high speed winding, third high speed concentrating coil (3B1) is radially relative with the 6th high speed concentrating coil (3B2), and the order serial or parallel connection forms B phase high speed winding, the first high speed concentrating coil (3C1) is radially relative with the 4th high speed concentrating coil (3C2), and the order serial or parallel connection forms C phase high speed winding.
3. according to double speed winding switched reluctance machines claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described switched reluctance machines adopts four phase stator 8 groove rotor 6 pole switching reluctance electric machine structures, stator (1) is provided with 8 stator tooths, low speed concentrates winding (2) to comprise the first low speed concentrating coil (2A1), the second low speed concentrating coil (2B1), the 4th low speed concentrating coil (2A2) and the 5th low speed concentrating coil (2B2), the first low speed concentrating coil (2A1) is radially relative with the 4th low speed concentrating coil (2A2), and the order serial or parallel connection forms A phase low speed winding; The second low speed concentrating coil (2B1) is radially relative with the 5th low speed concentrating coil (2B2), and the order serial or parallel connection forms B phase low speed winding; Concentrate at a high speed winding (3) to comprise the second high speed concentrating coil (3A1), third high speed concentrating coil (3B1), the 5th high speed concentrating coil (3A2) and the 6th high speed concentrating coil (3B2), the second high speed concentrating coil (3A1) is radially relative with the 5th high speed concentrating coil (3A2), and the order serial or parallel connection forms A phase high speed winding; Third high speed concentrating coil (3B1) is radially relative with the 6th high speed concentrating coil (3B2), and the order serial or parallel connection forms B phase high speed winding.
4. according to double speed winding switched reluctance machines claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described switched reluctance machines adopts two-phase stator 4 groove rotor 6 pole switching reluctance electric machine structures, stator (1) is provided with 4 stator tooths, low speed concentrates winding (2) to comprise the first low speed concentrating coil (2A1) and the 4th low speed concentrating coil (2A2), these two low speed concentrating coils are radially relative, and the order serial or parallel connection forms A phase low speed winding; Concentrate at a high speed winding (3) to comprise the second high speed concentrating coil (3A1) and the 5th high speed concentrating coil (3A2), these two high speed concentrating coils are radially relative, and the order serial or parallel connection forms A phase high speed winding.
5. according to claim 1,2,3 or 4 described double speed winding switched reluctance machines, it is characterized in that, described stator (1) and rotor (4) are salient-pole structure, and rotor (4) is internal rotor, perhaps external rotor.
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| CN104578606A (en) * | 2015-01-26 | 2015-04-29 | 聊城职业技术学院 | Switch reluctance motor capable of adjusting rated speed |
| CN104795950A (en) * | 2015-04-23 | 2015-07-22 | 中国电子科技集团公司第二十一研究所 | Double-magnetic-circuit permanent magnet type limited angle motor |
| CN107078619A (en) * | 2014-11-10 | 2017-08-18 | 电装多利牡株式会社 | Internal combustion engine electric rotating machine |
| CN108258871A (en) * | 2018-02-12 | 2018-07-06 | 王京华 | A kind of switched reluctance machines module and motor |
| CN108880047A (en) * | 2017-05-15 | 2018-11-23 | 湖南中车时代电动汽车股份有限公司 | A kind of magneto and control method and system for the motor |
| CN110971171A (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2020-04-07 | 华中科技大学 | Multi-winding parallel switch reluctance motor driving system |
| CN111342736A (en) * | 2020-04-14 | 2020-06-26 | 华中科技大学 | Variable winding driving system of switched reluctance motor and online soft switching method |
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| CN110971171A (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2020-04-07 | 华中科技大学 | Multi-winding parallel switch reluctance motor driving system |
| CN111342736A (en) * | 2020-04-14 | 2020-06-26 | 华中科技大学 | Variable winding driving system of switched reluctance motor and online soft switching method |
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