CN103166337B - Double-speed winding switch reluctance motor - Google Patents
Double-speed winding switch reluctance motor Download PDFInfo
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- CN103166337B CN103166337B CN201310036804.2A CN201310036804A CN103166337B CN 103166337 B CN103166337 B CN 103166337B CN 201310036804 A CN201310036804 A CN 201310036804A CN 103166337 B CN103166337 B CN 103166337B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a double-speed winding switch reluctance motor. Stator teeth in even number are arranged on a stator, and concentrated windings are arranged on the stator teeth. The concentrated windings comprise low-speed concentrated windings and high-speed concentrated windings, and the number of turns of the low-speed concentrated windings is more than that of the high-speed concentrated windings. The wire diameter of each low-speed concentrated winding is smaller than that of one high-speed concentrated winding, and in two adjacent stator teeth, one stator tooth is coiled with a low-speed concentrated winding, and the other stator tooth is coiled with a high-speed concentrated winding. A low-speed concentrated winding is arranged on the opposite side of another low-speed concentrated winding in the radial direction of the stator, and moreover the two low-speed concentrated windings are connected in series or in parallel to form a one-phase low-speed winding. The opposite side of each high-speed concentrated winding is provided with another high-speed concentrated winding in the radial direction of the stator, and the two high-speed concentrated windings are connected in series or in parallel to form a one-phase high-speed winding. The double-speed winding switch reluctance motor can output large torque in low-speed operation, and has a wide speed regulation range in high-speed operation.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the technical field of motor manufacturing, specifically, relate to a kind of double speed winding switched reluctance machines.
Background technology
Along with the development of power electronic device technology, microelectric technique and automatic control technology, the rise in price especially caused by rare earth permanent-magnetic material export restrictions, the application of switched reluctance machines will be more and more extensive.Switched reluctance machines is double-salient-pole structure, and rotor folds into by ordinary silicon steel disc pressure, on rotor both without permanent magnet also without winding, stator only has centralized winding coil, it is according to " magnetic resistance is minimum " principle work.Switched reluctance machines possesses the advantages such as manufacturing process is simple, cost is low, firm in structure, fault freedom good, suitable high-speed cruising, in the fields such as industrial drives, electrical speed regulation, stirring system, electric automobile, household electrical appliance, textile machine, demonstrated powerful competitiveness and wide application prospect.
Be that the application scenario of representative requires that the wide range speed control of the electric system large torque output and invariable power district that can realize permanent torque district runs with drive system of electric automobile.But for the motor driven systems of routine, these two require to be difficult to meet simultaneously.Its reason is that the large torque output of low regime and the output-constant operation of high velocity are the contradiction being difficult to for a pair be in harmonious proportion, and usually can only take into account the performance requirement in two regions as far as possible, and cannot give full play to the optimum capacity in respective region when designing motor and controller.Specifically, in traditional Stators for Switched Reluctance Motors, several salient pole teeth are uniformly distributed, profile of tooth is identical, winding is uniformly distributed, namely on each stator tooth, cover has the number of turn identical and the identical centralized coil of wire diameter, by a stator slot dimidiation, belong to out of phase two coil turn limit laid out in parallel in same stator slot.Heterogeneous symmetric winding coil is uniformly distributed along stator circumference, and several coils form a phase winding according to performance requirement series, parallel or series-parallel connection, and when motor is conducted, all coils of this phase winding is all energized.Adopt the switched reluctance machines of above-mentioned conventional winding construction can only present good performance in the some operation areas in low regime or high velocity, be difficult to the high performance requirements that simultaneously meets within the scope of whole service, limit its electric automobile etc. not only required low speed high torque fan-out capability in short-term by force, but also require the further genralrlization of application scenario and the development of high speed speed-regulating range width.
Therefore, the present invention is from this contradiction of solution, on existing ordinary tap reluctance motor architecture basics, propose a kind of double-speed switch reluctance motor of novel winding construction, the low speed high torque can being taken into account motor by the switchover operation of double winding is exported and wide speed range constant power output, ensures the high performance operation of drive system in whole service operating mode.In addition, this novel winding construction can improve reliability and the fault freedom of switched reluctance machines further, and double winding possesses redundancy, is more conducive in the field application high to fail safe, reliability requirement.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem: technical problem to be solved by this invention is: a kind of double speed winding switched reluctance machines is provided, this switched reluctance machines can export large torque when low cruise, broad speed adjustable range can be had again when high-speed cruising, and be applicable to any number of phases, arbitrarily rotor tooth socket fit.
Technical scheme: for solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
A kind of double speed winding switched reluctance machines, comprise stators and rotators, described stator is provided with even number stator tooth, and stator tooth is provided with concentratred winding, this concentratred winding comprises the low speed concentratred winding of applicable low cruise and the high speed concentratred winding of applicable high-speed cruising, the number of turn of the turn ratio high speed concentratred winding of low speed concentratred winding is many, and the wire diameter of the line diameter ratio high speed concentratred winding of low speed concentratred winding is little; In adjacent two stator tooths, a stator tooth is wound with low speed concentratred winding, another stator tooth is wound with high speed concentratred winding, and each low speed concentratred winding is a low speed concentratred winding along stator opposite side diametrically, and this two low speed concentratred winding sequential series or compose in parallel a phase low speed winding; Each high speed concentratred winding is a high speed concentratred winding along stator opposite side diametrically, and this two high speed concentratred winding sequential series or compose in parallel a phase high speed winding.
Further, described switched reluctance machines adopts threephase stator 12 groove rotor 8 pole switching reluctance electric machine structure, stator is provided with 12 stator tooths, low speed concentratred winding comprises the first low speed concentrating coil, the second low speed concentrating coil, the 3rd low speed concentrating coil, the 4th low speed concentrating coil, the 5th low speed concentrating coil and the 6th low speed concentrating coil, first low speed concentrating coil and the 4th low speed concentrating coil diametrically, sequential series or compose in parallel A phase low speed winding; Second low speed concentrating coil and the 5th low speed concentrating coil diametrically, sequential series or compose in parallel B phase low speed winding; 3rd low speed concentrating coil and the 6th low speed concentrating coil diametrically, sequential series or compose in parallel C phase low speed winding; High speed concentratred winding comprises the first high speed concentrating coil, the second high speed concentrating coil, third high speed concentrating coil, the 4th high speed concentrating coil, the 5th high speed concentrating coil and the 6th high speed concentrating coil, second high speed concentrating coil and the 5th high speed concentrating coil diametrically, sequential series or compose in parallel A phase high speed winding; Third high speed concentrating coil and the 6th high speed concentrating coil diametrically, sequential series or compose in parallel B phase high speed winding; First high speed concentrating coil and the 4th high speed concentrating coil diametrically, sequential series or compose in parallel C phase high speed winding.
Further, described switched reluctance machines adopts four phase stator 8 groove rotor 6 pole switching reluctance electric machine structures, stator is provided with 8 stator tooths, low speed concentratred winding comprises the first low speed concentrating coil, the second low speed concentrating coil, the 4th low speed concentrating coil and the 5th low speed concentrating coil, first low speed concentrating coil and the 4th low speed concentrating coil diametrically, sequential series or compose in parallel A phase low speed winding; Second low speed concentrating coil and the 5th low speed concentrating coil diametrically, sequential series or compose in parallel B phase low speed winding; High speed concentratred winding comprises the second high speed concentrating coil, third high speed concentrating coil, the 5th high speed concentrating coil and the 6th high speed concentrating coil, second high speed concentrating coil and the 5th high speed concentrating coil diametrically, sequential series or compose in parallel A phase high speed winding; Third high speed concentrating coil and the 6th high speed concentrating coil diametrically, sequential series or compose in parallel B phase high speed winding.
Further, described switched reluctance machines adopts two-phase stator 4 groove rotor 6 pole switching reluctance electric machine structure, stator is provided with 4 stator tooths, low speed concentratred winding comprises the first low speed concentrating coil and the 4th low speed concentrating coil, these two low speed concentrating coils diametrically, sequential series or compose in parallel A phase low speed winding; High speed concentratred winding comprises the second high speed concentrating coil and the 5th high speed concentrating coil, these two high speed concentrating coils diametrically, sequential series or compose in parallel A phase high speed winding.
Beneficial effect: compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
1. motor can export large torque when low cruise, can have again broad speed adjustable range when high-speed cruising.Compared with traditional switched reluctance machines, novel switched reluctance motor stator of the present invention and rotor core do not need to change, and laminated form by silicon steel punched chip, but winding winding has had larger change.In traditional structure, all stator tooths are averagely allocated to every phase winding, and distribute successively along stator circumference, and each stator slot is divided into two halves, belong to the identical coil turn limit laid out in parallel of out of phase two equal turn numbers, wire diameter in same stator slot.And the stator tooth of motor of the present invention is set to low speed tooth and high speed tooth, on low speed tooth, cover has the low speed concentratred winding of applicable low cruise, on high speed tooth, cover has the high speed concentratred winding of applicable high-speed cruising, the number of turn of the turn ratio high speed concentratred winding of low speed concentratred winding is many, and the wire diameter of the line diameter ratio high speed concentratred winding of low speed concentratred winding is little.Under the condition not increasing cost and manufacture difficulty, the electric current that can control low speed concentratred winding and high speed concentratred winding respectively with open the pass angle of rupture, to make motor can export large torque when low cruise, broad speed adjustable range can be had again when high-speed cruising.
2. suitable high-speed cruising.In motor of the present invention, winding is arranged on stator, and rotor does not both have winding, does not also have permanent magnet.Rotor moment of inertia is little, suitable high-speed cruising.
3. the high-performance realized within the scope of whole service exports.The present invention is by controlling the number of turn and the wire diameter of low speed concentratred winding and high speed concentratred winding, the mechanical characteristic seamless link under making motor individually work in low speed concentratred winding and high speed concentratred winding, and the high-performance realized within the scope of whole service exports.
4. structure is simply firm, reduces manufacturing cost.In motor of the present invention, stators and rotators forms by silicon steel sheet compacting.Processing is simple, and structure is firm, does not need to use permanent magnet, material and cost of manufacture lower.In addition, low speed concentratred winding and high speed concentratred winding are centralized coil, and coiling difficulty is low, and end is shorter, effectively decreases copper loss, and are beneficial to the heat radiation of motor.
5. machine operation safety and reliability is high.In motor of the present invention, there is low speed concentratred winding and high speed concentratred winding double winding, even if wherein a set of winding breaks down, remaining a set of winding still can be utilized to export certain power and torque, ensure the safe and reliable of motor driven systems.In addition, low speed concentratred winding and the separate work of high speed concentratred winding double winding, often each alternate mutual inductance of cover winding is all less, has stronger fault-tolerant operation ability, effectively improves the reliability of system.
6. the parameter of electric machine is versatile and flexible.Cover has the low speed tooth of low speed concentratred winding different with overlapping the magnetic circuit having the high speed tooth of high speed concentratred winding to bear, and can treat respectively.By optimizing the shape and size of low speed tooth and high speed tooth, improve motor performance further.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the horizontal sectional structure schematic diagram of the threephase stator 12 groove rotor 8 pole switching reluctance motor of conventional winding construction.
Fig. 2 is the horizontal sectional structure schematic diagram that the embodiment of the present invention 1 adopts the double-speed switch reluctance motor of threephase stator 12 groove rotor 8 electrode structure.
Fig. 3 is that the embodiment of the present invention 1 adopts a set of three phase power circuit to coordinate the double speed winding switched reluctance machines asymmetrical half-bridge formula main circuit diagram of single-pole double throw diverter switch.
Fig. 4 is the double speed winding switched reluctance machines asymmetrical half-bridge formula main circuit diagram that the embodiment of the present invention 1 adopts two cover three phase power circuit.
Fig. 5 is the horizontal sectional structure schematic diagram that the embodiment of the present invention 2 adopts the double-speed switch reluctance motor of four phase stator 8 groove rotor 6 electrode structures.
Fig. 6 is that the embodiment of the present invention 2 adopts a set of two-phase power circuit to coordinate the double speed winding switched reluctance machines asymmetrical half-bridge formula main circuit diagram of single-pole double throw diverter switch.
Fig. 7 is the horizontal sectional structure schematic diagram that the embodiment of the present invention 3 adopts the double-speed switch reluctance motor of two-phase stator 4 groove rotor 6 electrode structure.
Fig. 8 is that the embodiment of the present invention 3 adopts a set of single-phase power circuit to coordinate the double speed winding switched reluctance machines asymmetrical half-bridge formula main circuit diagram of single-pole double throw diverter switch.
Have in figure: stator 1, low speed concentratred winding 2, first low speed concentrating coil 2A1, second low speed concentrating coil 2B1, 3rd low speed concentrating coil 2C1, 4th low speed concentrating coil 2A2, 5th low speed concentrating coil 2B2, 6th low speed concentrating coil 2C2, high speed concentratred winding 3, first high speed concentrating coil 3C1, second high speed concentrating coil 3A1, third high speed concentrating coil 3B1, 4th high speed concentrating coil 3C2, 5th high speed concentrating coil 3A2, 6th high speed concentrating coil 3B2, rotor 4, diverter switch 5, three-phase power switch 6, three-phase fly-wheel diode 7, six road power switchs 8, six road fly-wheel diodes 9.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, technical scheme of the present invention is described in detail.
A kind of double speed winding switched reluctance machines of the present invention, comprises stator 1 and rotor 4.Stator 1 is provided with even number stator tooth.Stator slot is formed between adjacent stators tooth.Each stator tooth has a stator tooth corresponding thereto along the radial direction of stator.Stator tooth is provided with concentratred winding, and this concentratred winding comprises the low speed concentratred winding 2 of applicable low cruise and the high speed concentratred winding 3 of applicable high-speed cruising.Concentratred winding is placed in the stator slot of stator 1, is wound around by stator tooth.The number of turn of the turn ratio high speed concentratred winding 3 of low speed concentratred winding 2 is many, and the wire diameter of the line diameter ratio high speed concentratred winding 3 of low speed concentratred winding 2 is little.In adjacent two stator tooths, a stator tooth is wound with low speed concentratred winding 2, another stator tooth is wound with high speed concentratred winding 3.That is, low speed concentratred winding 2 and high speed concentratred winding 3 are alternately arranged along the circumference of stator.Each low speed concentratred winding 2 is a low speed concentratred winding 2 along stator 1 opposite side diametrically, and this two low speed concentratred winding 2 sequential series or compose in parallel a phase low speed winding.Each high speed concentratred winding 3 is a high speed concentratred winding 3 along stator 1 opposite side diametrically, and this two high speed concentratred winding 3 sequential series or compose in parallel a phase high speed winding.
Further, described stator 1 and rotor 4 are salient-pole structure, and rotor 4 is internal rotor, or external rotor.According to the actual needs of motor, rotor 4 can be set to internal rotor, also can be set to external rotor.When rotor 4 is internal rotor, stator 1 is positioned at the outside of rotor 4.When rotor 4 is external rotor, stator 1 is positioned at the inner side of rotor 4.Without winding and permanent magnet on rotor 4.
The working mechanism of double speed winding switched reluctance machines of the present invention is: follow magnetic resistance minimum principle, and namely magnetic flux always closes along the path of magnetic resistance minimum (magnetic conductance is maximum).When stator tooth and rotor tooth center line do not overlap, when namely magnetic conductance is not maximum, magnetic field will produce magnetic pull, forms reluctance torque, makes rotor 4 forward the maximum position of magnetic conductance to.When passing into electric current successively in each phase winding of motor stator, rotor 4 will rotate to specific direction step by step.If change the energising order of each phase winding of motor stator, change turns to by motor, but the change in phase current energising direction can't affect turning to of rotor 4.
The winding construction of double speed winding switched reluctance machines of the present invention is completely different from traditional structure.Stator tooth is equally divided into two groups by the present invention, and one group is low speed tooth, and one group is high speed tooth, and two groups of different stator tooths are wound with the coil of the different number of turn, different wire diameter.Low speed tooth and high speed tooth both can be identical profile of tooth, the facewidth, also can be dissimilar tooth form, the facewidth.Wherein, the coils connected in series on low speed tooth, parallel connection or string be the heterogeneous symmetrical low speed winding of series-parallel connection composition also, and the coils connected in series on high speed tooth, parallel connection or string be the heterogeneous symmetrical high speed winding of series-parallel connection composition also.Therefore, in each stator slot, placement two numbers of turn are not waited, coil turn limit that wire diameter is different.Wherein: on the stator tooth of half, cover has the low speed winding coil (number of turn is comparatively mainly with the larger torque of generation) of applicable low cruise, and on second half stator tooth, cover has the high speed winding coil of applicable high-speed cruising (number of turn is less to realize higher rotation speed).By this kind of winding construction, make originally indiscriminate stator tooth had low speed tooth (cover has the winding of applicable low cruise) and high speed tooth (cover has the winding of applicable high-speed cruising) point.By the distribution of control signal, the winding that can be implemented between low cruise and high-speed cruising switches.Independent of one another when low speed winding and high speed winding normally run, in low speed permanent torque district, low speed winding is energized separately, and in high speed constant power district, high speed winding is energized separately.When a set of winding in low speed winding and high speed winding breaks down, remaining a set of winding still can normally work, and under ensureing malfunction, motor exports certain torque and power.Adopt the switched reluctance machines of winding construction of the present invention, motor can be made can to export large torque when low cruise, broad speed adjustable range can be had again when high-speed cruising, meet the performance requirement of drive system.
Key of the present invention is under the condition not changing electric machine rotor core dimensions, by means of only change winding construction, motor both can have been made can to export large torque when low cruise, and can have again broad speed adjustable range when high-speed cruising.
The present invention can be applied to the switched reluctance machines of any number of phases, rotor teeth groove number of poles combination arbitrarily.Exemplify three embodiments below to illustrate technical scheme of the present invention and operation principle thereof.
Embodiment 1: be described for threephase stator 12 groove rotor 8 pole switching reluctance electric machine structure.
As shown in Figure 2, the threephase stator 12 groove rotor 8 pole switching reluctance motor of the present embodiment, stator 1 is provided with 12 stator tooths.In adjacent two stator tooths, a cover has the low speed winding coil of applicable low cruise, another cover has the high speed winding coil of applicable high-speed cruising, namely stator still has 12 winding coils, by being counterclockwise called successively: the first low speed concentrating coil 2A1, first high speed concentrating coil 3C1, second low speed concentrating coil 2B1, second high speed concentrating coil 3A1, 3rd low speed concentrating coil 2C1, third high speed concentrating coil 3B1, 4th low speed concentrating coil 2A2, 4th high speed concentrating coil 3C2, 5th low speed concentrating coil 2B2, 5th high speed concentrating coil 3A2, 6th low speed concentrating coil 2C2 and the 6th high speed concentrating coil 3B2.
Low speed concentratred winding 2 comprises the first low speed concentrating coil 2A1, the second low speed concentrating coil 2B1, the 3rd low speed concentrating coil 2C1, the 4th low speed concentrating coil 2A2, the 5th low speed concentrating coil 2B2 and the 6th low speed concentrating coil 2C2, first low speed concentrating coil 2A1 and the 4th low speed concentrating coil 2A2 diametrically, sequential series or compose in parallel A phase low speed winding, and the magnetic linkage after the energising of this two low speed concentrating coil flows to mutually suitable; Second low speed concentrating coil 2B1 and the 5th low speed concentrating coil 2B2 diametrically, sequential series or compose in parallel B phase low speed winding, and the magnetic linkage after the energising of this two low speed concentrating coil flows to mutually suitable; 3rd low speed concentrating coil 2C1 and the 6th low speed concentrating coil 2C2 diametrically, sequential series or compose in parallel C phase low speed winding, and the magnetic linkage after the energising of this two low speed concentrating coil flows to mutually suitable; High speed concentratred winding 3 comprises the first high speed concentrating coil 3C1, the second high speed concentrating coil 3A1, third high speed concentrating coil 3B1, the 4th high speed concentrating coil 3C2, the 5th high speed concentrating coil 3A2 and the 6th high speed concentrating coil 3B2, second high speed concentrating coil 3A1 and the 5th high speed concentrating coil 3A2 diametrically, sequential series or compose in parallel A phase high speed winding, and the magnetic linkage after the energising of this two high speeds concentrating coil flows to mutually suitable; Third high speed concentrating coil 3B1 and the 6th high speed concentrating coil 3B2 diametrically, sequential series or compose in parallel B phase high speed winding, and the magnetic linkage flow direction after the energising of this two high speeds concentrating coil is mutually suitable; First high speed concentrating coil 3C1 and the 4th high speed concentrating coil 3C2 diametrically, sequential series or compose in parallel C phase high speed winding, and the magnetic linkage after the energising of this two high speeds concentrating coil flows to mutually suitable.
Double winding is there is, i.e. low speed ABC three-phase windings and high speed ABC three-phase windings in this switched reluctance machines.This double-speed switch reluctance motor control mode is various, can select flexibly according to operating mode is different, mechanical characteristic seamless link when individually working in low speed winding and high speed winding by making motor to the conservative control of power switch, thus improve the performance of double-speed switch reluctance motor in the whole range of speeds adopting new-type winding construction further.The main circuit of this electric machine controller has different forms, two cover three phase power translation circuits can be used, be connected to three-phase low speed winding and three-phase high speed winding respectively, work alone separately, thus realize double winding independence, each other redundancy completely, improve reliability and the fault-tolerant operation ability of whole drive system; Another kind of mode uses a set of three phase power translation circuit, need to send different control signal according to different operating mode, act on single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT) switching action, be connected to three-phase low speed winding or three-phase high speed winding from main separation, which can reduce cost and the volume of controller.
The switched reluctance machines of the present embodiment, when double-speed switch reluctance motor low cruise, when being energized to A phase first low speed concentrating coil 2A1 and the 4th low speed concentrating coil 2A2, the position that the magnetic pull of generation will be tried hard to make rotor forward respective rotor tooth to and overlaps with the stator tooth that winding coil 2A1,2A2 comprise.Therefore, if be energized to successively A-B-C three-phase low speed winding coil continuously, rotor just can rotate counterclockwise, and now motor can work in low speed high torque output state.If change energising phase sequence, then rotor just can opposite spin.When double-speed switch reluctance motor high-speed cruising, when being energized to A phase second high speed concentrating coil 3A1 and the 5th high speed concentrating coil 3A2, rotor can rotate counterclockwise, the position that the magnetic pull of generation will be tried hard to make rotor forward respective rotor tooth to and overlaps with the stator tooth that winding coil 3A1,3A2 comprise.Therefore, if be energized to successively A-B-C three-phase high speed winding coil continuously, then rotor just can rotate counterclockwise, and now motor can work in high speed constant power stage state.If change energising phase sequence, then rotor just can opposite spin.
Embodiment 1 power of motor circuit as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4.A phase low speed concentratred winding 2A(i.e. the first low speed concentrating coil 2A1 and the 4th low speed concentrating coil 2A2 of motor is included) in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, B phase low speed concentratred winding 2B(i.e. the second low speed concentrating coil 2B1 and the 5th low speed concentrating coil 2B2), C phase low speed concentratred winding 2C(i.e. the 3rd low speed concentrating coil 2C1 and the 6th low speed concentrating coil 2C2), A phase high speed concentratred winding 3A(i.e. the second high speed concentrating coil 3A1 and the 5th high speed concentrating coil 3A2), B phase high speed concentratred winding 3B(and third high speed concentrating coil 3B1 and the 6th high speed concentrating coil 3B2), C phase high speed concentratred winding 3C(i.e. the first high speed concentrating coil 3C1 and the 4th high speed concentrating coil 3C2).
Single-pole double throw diverter switch 5, A phase upper arm power switch 61, A phase underarm power switch 62 is also comprised in Fig. 3, B phase upper arm power switch 63, B phase underarm power switch 64, C phase upper arm power switch 65, A phase underarm power switch 66, A phase upper arm fly-wheel diode 71, A phase underarm fly-wheel diode 72, B phase upper arm fly-wheel diode 73, B phase underarm fly-wheel diode 74, C phase upper arm fly-wheel diode 75, C phase underarm fly-wheel diode 76.In Fig. 3, circuit three-phase structure is symmetrical, often mutually in, low speed concentratred winding or high speed concentratred winding are connected between underarm two power switchs, and upper underarm two fly-wheel diodes are also connected to winding two ends and windings in series, to provide continuous current circuit.Two of single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT) not moved end be connected with low speed concentratred winding and high speed concentratred winding respectively, selected in the wherein a set of winding place in circuit in low speed concentratred winding and high speed concentratred winding by single-pole double throw diverter switch.
Double-speed switch reluctance motor main circuit shown in Fig. 3 and traditional three-phase switch reluctance machine main circuit very close, just completed the switching of three-phase high speed winding and three-phase low speed winding by single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT), realize two different poower flow paths.It is emphasized that single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT) here can adopt mechanical switch, the electronic power switch that can realize said function also can be adopted to substitute.
Low speed winding A phase upper arm power switch 81 is also comprised in Fig. 4, low speed winding A phase underarm power switch 82, low speed winding B phase upper arm power switch 83, low speed winding B phase underarm power switch 84, low speed winding C phase upper arm power switch 85, low speed winding C phase underarm power switch 86, high speed winding A phase upper arm power switch 87, high speed winding A phase underarm power switch 88, high speed winding B phase upper arm power switch 89, high speed winding B phase underarm power switch 810, high speed winding C phase upper arm power switch 811, high speed winding C phase underarm power switch 812, low speed winding A phase upper arm fly-wheel diode 91, low speed winding A phase underarm fly-wheel diode 92, low speed winding B phase upper arm fly-wheel diode 93, low speed winding B phase underarm fly-wheel diode 94, low speed winding C phase upper arm fly-wheel diode 95, low speed winding C phase underarm fly-wheel diode 96, high speed winding A phase upper arm fly-wheel diode 97, high speed winding A phase underarm fly-wheel diode 98, high speed winding B phase upper arm fly-wheel diode 99, high speed winding B phase underarm fly-wheel diode 910, high speed winding C phase upper arm fly-wheel diode 911, high speed winding C phase underarm fly-wheel diode 912.In Fig. 4, circuit six line structure full symmetric, in every road, a windings in series is between upper underarm two power switchs, and upper underarm two fly-wheel diodes are also connected to winding two ends and windings in series, to provide continuous current circuit.In six road power switchs, three tunnels are for connecting three-phase low speed concentratred winding, and three tunnels are for connecting three-phase high speed concentratred winding.
Double-speed switch reluctance motor main circuit shown in Fig. 4 and six phase power circuits similar, three-phase low speed winding and three-phase high speed winding take three road power circuits respectively, and they can independent operating, and redundancy is strong, zmodem.
As shown in Figure 1, in the motor of conventional winding construction, stator there is the winding coil that 12 numbers of turn are identical, by being counterclockwise called that the first concentrating coil is to the 12 concentrating coil successively, wherein: the first concentrating coil and the 7th concentrating coil are diametrically, 4th concentrating coil and the tenth concentrating coil diametrically, above-mentioned four coils can sequential series, parallel connection or string and series-parallel connection after form A phase winding; Second concentrating coil and the 8th concentrating coil diametrically, the 5th concentrating coil and the 11 concentrating coil diametrically, above-mentioned four coils can sequential series, parallel connection or string and series-parallel connection after form B phase winding; 3rd concentrating coil and the 9th concentrating coil diametrically, the 6th concentrating coil and the 12 concentrating coil diametrically, above-mentioned four coils can sequential series, parallel connection or string and series-parallel connection after form C phase winding.In the motor of conventional winding construction, all stator tooths are averagely allocated to every phase winding, and winding is uniformly distributed, and namely on each stator tooth, cover has the number of turn identical and the identical centralized coil of wire diameter, forms heterogeneous symmetric winding.Like this, motor can only present good performance in the some operation areas in low regime or high velocity, is difficult to the high performance requirements simultaneously met within the scope of whole service.
Embodiment 2: be described for four phase stator 8 groove rotor 6 pole switching reluctance electric machine structures.
As Fig. 5 shows, the four phase stator 8 groove rotor 6 pole switching reluctance motors of the present embodiment, stator 1 is provided with 8 stator tooths.In adjacent two stator tooths, a cover has the low speed winding coil of applicable low cruise, another cover has the high speed winding coil of applicable high-speed cruising, low speed winding coil is different from wire diameter with the number of turn of high speed winding coil, namely stator still has 8 winding coils, by being counterclockwise called successively: the first low speed concentrating coil 2A1, second high speed concentrating coil 3A1, second low speed concentrating coil 2B1, third high speed concentrating coil 3B1, 4th low speed concentrating coil 2A2, 5th high speed concentrating coil 3A2, 5th low speed concentrating coil 2B2, 6th high speed concentrating coil 3B2.
Low speed concentratred winding 2 comprises the first low speed concentrating coil 2A1, the second low speed concentrating coil 2B1, the 4th low speed concentrating coil 2A2 and the 5th low speed concentrating coil 2B2, first low speed concentrating coil 2A1 and the 4th low speed concentrating coil 2A2 diametrically, sequential series or compose in parallel A phase low speed winding, and the magnetic linkage after the energising of this two low speed concentrating coil flows to mutually suitable; Second low speed concentrating coil 2B1 and the 5th low speed concentrating coil 2B2 diametrically, sequential series or compose in parallel B phase low speed winding, and the magnetic linkage after the energising of this two low speed concentrating coil flows to mutually suitable; High speed concentratred winding 3 comprises the second high speed concentrating coil 3A1, third high speed concentrating coil 3B1, the 5th high speed concentrating coil 3A2 and the 6th high speed concentrating coil 3B2, second high speed concentrating coil 3A1 and the 5th high speed concentrating coil 3A2 diametrically, sequential series or compose in parallel A phase high speed winding, and the magnetic linkage after the energising of this two high speeds concentrating coil flows to mutually suitable; Third high speed concentrating coil 3B1 and the 6th high speed concentrating coil 3B2 diametrically, sequential series or compose in parallel B phase high speed winding, and the magnetic linkage flow direction after the energising of this two high speeds concentrating coil is mutually suitable.
Embodiment 2 power of motor circuit as shown in Figure 6.Fig. 6 comprises A phase low speed concentratred winding 2A(i.e. the first low speed concentrating coil 2A1 and the 4th low speed concentrating coil 2A2 of motor), B phase low speed concentratred winding 2B(i.e. the second low speed concentrating coil 2B1 and the 5th low speed concentrating coil 2B2), A phase high speed concentratred winding 3A(i.e. the second high speed concentrating coil 3A1 and the 5th high speed concentrating coil 3A2), B phase high speed concentratred winding 3B(and third high speed concentrating coil 3B1 and the 6th high speed concentrating coil 3B2).
Single-pole double throw diverter switch 5 is also comprised in Fig. 6, A phase upper arm power switch 61, A phase underarm power switch 62, B phase upper arm power switch 63, B phase underarm power switch 64, A phase upper arm fly-wheel diode 71, A phase underarm fly-wheel diode 72, B phase upper arm fly-wheel diode 73, B phase underarm fly-wheel diode 74.In Fig. 6, circuit two phase structure is symmetrical.Every mutually in, low speed concentratred winding or high speed concentratred winding are connected between underarm two power switchs, and upper underarm two fly-wheel diodes are also connected to winding two ends and windings in series, to provide continuous current circuit.Two of single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT) not moved end be connected with low speed concentratred winding and high speed concentratred winding respectively, selected in the wherein a set of winding place in circuit in low speed concentratred winding and high speed concentratred winding by single-pole double throw diverter switch.
Double-speed switch reluctance motor main circuit shown in Fig. 6 and traditional two-phase switched reluctance machines main circuit very close, just completed the switching of two-phase high speed winding and two-phase low speed winding by single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT), realize two different poower flow paths.It is emphasized that single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT) here can adopt mechanical switch, the electronic power switch that can realize said function also can be adopted to substitute.
Four traditional phase stator 8 groove rotor 6 pole switching reluctance motors, rotor is salient-pole structure, stator has 8 salient pole teeth, evenly be wound with 8 numbers of turn, concentratred winding coil that wire diameter is all identical respectively, by being counterclockwise called the first concentrating coil, the second concentrating coil, the 3rd concentrating coil, the 4th concentrating coil, the 5th concentrating coil, the 6th concentrating coil, the 7th concentrating coil, the 8th concentrating coil successively.Wherein: the first concentrating coil and the 5th concentrating coil diametrically, form A phase concentratred winding by after their sequential series or parallel connection; Second concentrating coil and the 6th concentrating coil diametrically, form B phase concentratred winding by after their sequential series or parallel connection; 3rd concentrating coil and the 7th concentrating coil diametrically, form C phase concentratred winding by after their sequential series or parallel connection; 4th concentrating coil and the 8th concentrating coil diametrically, concentrate phase winding by forming D after their sequential series and parallel connection.In conventional winding construction, all stator tooths of motor are averagely allocated to every phase winding, composition four symmetrical windings.
In the present embodiment 2, adopt the winding construction of double speed winding switched reluctance machines completely different from conventional motors structure.There is double winding in the switched reluctance machines of embodiment 2, i.e. low speed AB two phase winding and high speed AB two phase winding, coil turn, the wire diameter of height double winding are different.Low speed winding and high speed winding can independent operatings, motor can be made can to export large torque when low cruise, can have again broad speed adjustable range, meet drive system performance requirement when high-speed cruising.
Embodiment 3: be described for two-phase stator 4 groove rotor 6 pole switching reluctance electric machine structure.
As shown in Figure 7, the two-phase stator 4 groove rotor 6 pole switching reluctance motor of the present embodiment, stator 1 is provided with 4 stator tooths.In adjacent two stator tooths, a cover has the low speed winding coil of applicable low cruise, another cover has the high speed winding coil of applicable high-speed cruising, low speed winding coil is different from wire diameter with the number of turn of high speed winding coil, namely stator still has 4 winding coils, by being counterclockwise called successively: the first low speed concentrating coil 2A1, the second high speed concentrating coil 3A1, the 4th low speed concentrating coil 2A2, the 5th high speed concentrating coil 3A2.
Low speed concentratred winding 2 comprises the first low speed concentrating coil 2A1 and the 4th low speed concentrating coil 2A2, this two low speed concentrating coil diametrically, sequential series or compose in parallel A phase low speed winding, and the magnetic linkage after the energising of this two low speed concentrating coil flows to mutually suitable; High speed concentratred winding 3 comprises the second high speed concentrating coil 3A1 and the 5th high speed concentrating coil 3A2, this two high speeds concentrating coil diametrically, sequential series or compose in parallel A phase high speed winding, and the magnetic linkage after the energising of this two high speeds concentrating coil flows to mutually suitable.
Embodiment 3 power of motor circuit as shown in Figure 8.Fig. 8 comprises A phase low speed concentratred winding 2A(i.e. the first low speed concentrating coil 2A1 and the 4th low speed concentrating coil 2A2 of motor), A phase high speed concentratred winding 3A(i.e. the second high speed concentrating coil 3A1 and the 5th high speed concentrating coil 3A2).
Single-pole double throw diverter switch 5, A phase upper arm power switch 61, A phase underarm power switch 62, A phase upper arm fly-wheel diode 71, A phase underarm fly-wheel diode 72 is also comprised in Fig. 8.In Fig. 8, low speed concentratred winding or high speed concentratred winding are connected between underarm two power switchs, and upper underarm two fly-wheel diodes are also connected to winding two ends and windings in series, to provide continuous current circuit.Two of single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT) not moved end be connected with low speed concentratred winding and high speed concentratred winding respectively, selected in the wherein a set of winding place in circuit in low speed concentratred winding and high speed concentratred winding by single-pole double throw diverter switch.
Double-speed switch reluctance motor main circuit shown in Fig. 8 and traditional single phase switched reluctance machines main circuit very close, just completed the switching of two-phase high speed winding and two-phase low speed winding by single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT), realize two different poower flow paths.It is emphasized that single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT) here can adopt mechanical switch, the electronic power switch that can realize said function also can be adopted to substitute.
Traditional two-phase stator 4 groove rotor 6 pole switching reluctance motor, rotor is salient-pole structure, stator has 4 salient pole teeth, evenly be wound with 4 numbers of turn, concentratred winding coil that wire diameter is all identical respectively, by being counterclockwise called the first concentrating coil, the second concentrating coil, the 3rd concentrating coil, the 4th concentrating coil successively.Wherein: the first concentrating coil and the 3rd concentrating coil diametrically, form A phase concentratred winding by after their sequential series or parallel connection; Second concentrating coil and the 4th concentrating coil diametrically, form B phase concentratred winding by after their sequential series or parallel connection.In conventional winding construction, all stator tooths of motor are averagely allocated to every phase winding, composition two-phase symmetric winding.
In the present embodiment 3, adopt the winding construction of double speed winding switched reluctance machines completely different from conventional motors structure.There is double winding in the switched reluctance machines of embodiment 3, i.e. the single-phase winding of low speed and the single-phase winding of high speed, coil turn, the wire diameter of height double winding are different.Low speed winding and high speed winding can independent operatings, motor can be made can to export large torque when low cruise, can have again broad speed adjustable range, meet drive system performance requirement when high-speed cruising.
Owing to adopting in the double-speed switch reluctance motor of winding construction of the present invention, half stator tooth cover has low speed winding coil, second half stator tooth cover has high speed winding coil, profile of tooth and the facewidth of stator low speed tooth and high speed tooth is optimized by Finite Element, design optimum coil turn and the wire diameter of low speed winding and high speed winding respectively, mechanical characteristic seamless link under making motor individually work in low speed winding and high speed winding, improves the performance of the double-speed switch reluctance motor full rotary speed area within the scope of whole service adopting new-type winding construction further.
Above-mentioned three embodiments are the detailed introductions to double-speed switch reluctance motor of the present invention, apply specific case herein to set forth principle of the present invention and execution mode, the explanation of above embodiment just understands method of the present invention and core concept thereof for helping; Meanwhile, for one of ordinary skill in the art, according to thought of the present invention, all will change in specific embodiments and applications, should not be construed as limitation of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a double speed winding switched reluctance machines, comprise stator (1) and rotor (4), it is characterized in that, described stator (1) is provided with even number stator tooth, and stator tooth is provided with concentratred winding, this concentratred winding comprises the low speed concentratred winding (2) of applicable low cruise and the high speed concentratred winding (3) of applicable high-speed cruising, the number of turn of the turn ratio high speed concentratred winding (3) of low speed concentratred winding (2) is many, and the wire diameter of the line diameter ratio high speed concentratred winding (3) of low speed concentratred winding (2) is little; In adjacent two stator tooths, a stator tooth is wound with low speed concentratred winding (2), another stator tooth is wound with high speed concentratred winding (3), and each low speed concentratred winding (2) is a low speed concentratred winding (2) along stator (1) opposite side diametrically, and this two low speed concentratred winding (2) sequential series or compose in parallel a phase low speed winding; Each high speed concentratred winding (3) is a high speed concentratred winding (3) along stator (1) opposite side diametrically, and this two high speed concentratred winding (3) sequential series or compose in parallel a phase high speed winding.
2. according to double speed winding switched reluctance machines according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described switched reluctance machines adopts threephase stator 12 groove rotor 8 pole switching reluctance electric machine structure, stator (1) is provided with 12 stator tooths, low speed concentratred winding (2) comprises the first low speed concentrating coil (2A1), second low speed concentrating coil (2B1), 3rd low speed concentrating coil (2C1), 4th low speed concentrating coil (2A2), 5th low speed concentrating coil (2B2) and the 6th low speed concentrating coil (2C2), first low speed concentrating coil (2A1) and the 4th low speed concentrating coil (2A2) are diametrically, sequential series or compose in parallel A phase low speed winding, second low speed concentrating coil (2B1) and the 5th low speed concentrating coil (2B2) diametrically, sequential series or compose in parallel B phase low speed winding, 3rd low speed concentrating coil (2C1) and the 6th low speed concentrating coil (2C2) diametrically, sequential series or compose in parallel C phase low speed winding, high speed concentratred winding (3) comprises the first high speed concentrating coil (3C1), the second high speed concentrating coil (3A1), third high speed concentrating coil (3B1), the 4th high speed concentrating coil (3C2), the 5th high speed concentrating coil (3A2) and the 6th high speed concentrating coil (3B2), second high speed concentrating coil (3A1) and the 5th high speed concentrating coil (3A2) diametrically, sequential series or compose in parallel A phase high speed winding, third high speed concentrating coil (3B1) and the 6th high speed concentrating coil (3B2) diametrically, sequential series or compose in parallel B phase high speed winding, first high speed concentrating coil (3C1) and the 4th high speed concentrating coil (3C2) diametrically, sequential series or compose in parallel C phase high speed winding.
3. according to double speed winding switched reluctance machines according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described switched reluctance machines adopts four phase stator 8 groove rotor 6 pole switching reluctance electric machine structures, stator (1) is provided with 8 stator tooths, low speed concentratred winding (2) comprises the first low speed concentrating coil (2A1), the second low speed concentrating coil (2B1), the 4th low speed concentrating coil (2A2) and the 5th low speed concentrating coil (2B2), first low speed concentrating coil (2A1) and the 4th low speed concentrating coil (2A2) diametrically, sequential series or compose in parallel A phase low speed winding; Second low speed concentrating coil (2B1) and the 5th low speed concentrating coil (2B2) diametrically, sequential series or compose in parallel B phase low speed winding; High speed concentratred winding (3) comprises the second high speed concentrating coil (3A1), third high speed concentrating coil (3B1), the 5th high speed concentrating coil (3A2) and the 6th high speed concentrating coil (3B2), second high speed concentrating coil (3A1) and the 5th high speed concentrating coil (3A2) diametrically, sequential series or compose in parallel A phase high speed winding; Third high speed concentrating coil (3B1) and the 6th high speed concentrating coil (3B2) diametrically, sequential series or compose in parallel B phase high speed winding.
4. according to double speed winding switched reluctance machines according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described switched reluctance machines adopts two-phase stator 4 groove rotor 6 pole switching reluctance electric machine structure, stator (1) is provided with 4 stator tooths, low speed concentratred winding (2) comprises the first low speed concentrating coil (2A1) and the 4th low speed concentrating coil (2A2), these two low speed concentrating coils diametrically, sequential series or compose in parallel A phase low speed winding; High speed concentratred winding (3) comprises the second high speed concentrating coil (3A1) and the 5th high speed concentrating coil (3A2), these two high speed concentrating coils diametrically, sequential series or compose in parallel A phase high speed winding.
5. the double speed winding switched reluctance machines according to claim 1,2,3 or 4, is characterized in that, described stator (1) and rotor (4) are salient-pole structure, and rotor (4) is internal rotor, or external rotor.
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| JP6225975B2 (en) * | 2014-11-10 | 2017-11-08 | デンソートリム株式会社 | Rotating electric machine for internal combustion engine |
| CN104578606A (en) * | 2015-01-26 | 2015-04-29 | 聊城职业技术学院 | Switch reluctance motor capable of adjusting rated speed |
| CN104795950A (en) * | 2015-04-23 | 2015-07-22 | 中国电子科技集团公司第二十一研究所 | Double-magnetic-circuit permanent magnet type limited angle motor |
| CN108880047B (en) * | 2017-05-15 | 2020-08-14 | 湖南中车时代电动汽车股份有限公司 | Permanent magnet motor and control method and system for same |
| CN108258871B (en) * | 2018-02-12 | 2020-07-10 | 王京华 | Switched reluctance motor module and motor |
| CN110971171A (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2020-04-07 | 华中科技大学 | Multi-winding parallel switch reluctance motor driving system |
| CN111342736B (en) * | 2020-04-14 | 2021-11-02 | 华中科技大学 | Variable winding driving system of switched reluctance motor and online soft switching method |
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