CN103160772A - 陶瓷层的封孔方法及经由该方法制得的制品 - Google Patents
陶瓷层的封孔方法及经由该方法制得的制品 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
一种陶瓷层的封孔方法,包括以下步骤:提供金属基体;采用火焰喷涂法,在所述金属基体表面形成陶瓷层,所述陶瓷层形成有若干陶瓷孔;采用静电粉体喷涂法,在所述陶瓷层表面喷涂一封孔层,该封孔层包括若干填充部,若干所述填充部分别形成于所述陶瓷孔内,用以对所述陶瓷孔进行封闭处理,进行该封闭处理的所述封孔粉体的主要成分为具有耐腐蚀性的热固性树脂粉末。本发明还提供一种经由该方法制得的制品。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种陶瓷层的封孔方法及经由该方法制得的制品。
背景技术
陶瓷材料因其具有良好的耐磨性、耐腐蚀性及如玉般的装饰性外观,被广泛应用于电子装置壳体件、汽车装饰件及建筑装饰件等领域。
现有技术,通常采用热喷涂法、珐琅制造工艺等方式于金属基体上形成陶瓷涂层。但通过上述方法制得的陶瓷涂层为多孔结构,且该多孔结构中10%以上的孔为通孔,腐蚀性介质可通过所述通孔与金属基体接触,进而降低金属基体的耐腐蚀性,同时还影响金属基体的外观。因此,在形成该陶瓷涂层后,通常采用石蜡或沥青等对陶瓷涂层进行封孔处理以期提高金属基体的使用寿命。石蜡封孔虽然可提高金属基体的耐盐雾性能,但对有机溶剂、酸类物质的耐腐蚀效果较差;沥青封孔可提高金属基体的耐腐蚀性,却严重影响陶瓷涂层的装饰性外观。
发明内容
有鉴于此,提供一种可解决上述问题的陶瓷层的封孔方法。
另外,还提供一种经由该方法制得的制品。
一种制品,包括金属基体、形成于金属基体上的陶瓷层及封孔层。所述陶瓷层形成有若干陶瓷孔,该封孔层包括若干填充部,若干所述填充部分别形成于所述陶瓷孔内。所述封孔层主要由具有耐腐蚀性的热固性树脂构成。
一种陶瓷层的封孔方法,包括以下步骤:
提供金属基体;
采用火焰喷涂法,在所述金属基体表面形成陶瓷层,所述陶瓷层形成有若干陶瓷孔;
采用静电粉体喷涂法,在所述陶瓷层表面喷涂一封孔层,该封孔层包括若干填充部,若干所述填充部分别形成于所述陶瓷孔内,用以对所述陶瓷孔进行封闭处理,进行该封闭处理的所述封孔粉体的主要成分为具有耐腐蚀性的热固性树脂粉末。
本发明所述陶瓷层的封孔方法,通过静电粉末喷涂的方式,将具有良好的耐腐蚀性的热固性树脂填充在所述陶瓷层的陶瓷孔内,如此,可避免在腐蚀性物质通过所述陶瓷孔的陶瓷孔道与金属基体接触而加速所述金属基体的腐蚀,进而延长所述制品的使用寿命。
附图说明
图1是本发明一较佳实施例制品的剖视图。
图2是本发明一较佳实施例的基体上形成有陶瓷层的示意图。
图3是本发明一较佳实施例的基体上形成有封孔层的示意图。
主要元件符号说明
制品 | 10 |
金属基体 | 11 |
陶瓷层 | 13 |
陶瓷孔 | 14 |
通孔 | 141 |
盲孔 | 143 |
封孔层 | 15 |
填充部 | 151 |
覆盖层 | 153 |
如下具体实施方式将结合上述附图进一步说明本发明。
具体实施方式
请参见图1所示,本发明一较佳实施例的陶瓷层的封孔处理方法,包括如下步骤:
提供一金属基体11,该金属基体11的材质为不锈钢、铝合金或镁合金等。
采用喷砂、蚀刻等方式对所述金属基体11进行粗化处理,使该金属基体11表面粗糙度(Ra)达到1.3~2.0μm,用以提高所述金属基体11与后续形成的陶瓷层13之间的结合力。
请一并参见图2,采用火焰喷涂法,在经上述粗化处理后的金属基体11表面形成陶瓷层13。用以进行喷涂的粉体中主要含有氧化物、碳化物或氮化物等陶瓷粉体,如:氧化钛、氧化铁、氧化铝、及氧化锆等。所述陶瓷层13形成有陶瓷孔14,所述陶瓷孔14包括若干通孔141及若干盲孔143。所述陶瓷孔14中,所述通孔141的个数占一半以上。所述陶瓷层13的孔隙率为15~30%。所述陶瓷孔14可通过肉眼观察到。该陶瓷层13的厚度为0.12~0.3mm。
对所述陶瓷层13进行粗磨处理,用以提高所述陶瓷层13的表面平整度。本实施例中,采用钻石砂带对所述陶瓷层13进行粗磨处理。
请一并参见图3,采用静电粉体喷涂法,在所述陶瓷层13表面喷涂一封孔层15,对所述陶瓷孔14进行封闭处理。形成该封孔层15的具体操作方法及工艺参数为:首先,提供一静电喷涂装置(未图示),该静电喷涂装置包括一静电喷枪;以静电喷涂的方式,将用以进行封闭处理的封孔粉体由所述静电喷枪喷射出来并在高压静电场的感应下带正电,所述金属基体11因接地而带负电,如此,使封孔粉体静电吸附在所述陶瓷层13上并填充所述陶瓷孔14;之后,将所述金属基体11放置在170~190℃下烘烤10~15min,使所述封孔粉体熔融并在陶瓷层13表面流平后固化形成封孔层15。所述封孔层15的厚度为0.02~0.04mm。所述封孔粉体的主要成分为环氧树脂、环氧树脂与聚酯的混合物、聚氨酯或饱和羟基聚酯树脂与聚氨酯的混合物等具有良好的耐腐蚀性的热固性树脂粉末,该封孔粉体的粒径为32~100μm。可以理解的,所述封孔粉体的粒径可根据所述陶瓷孔14的陶瓷孔径的大小进行调整。
所述封孔层15包括填充部151及与填充部151一体成型的覆盖层153。若干填充部151分别形成于所述陶瓷孔14内,所述覆盖层153覆盖于所述陶瓷层13及填充部151上。
在静电喷涂过程中,由于所述封孔粉体的粒径较小,部分封孔粉体进入并填充所述陶瓷孔14,经熔融及固化处理后的封孔粉体体积发生膨胀,形成所述填充部151与所述陶瓷层13紧密结合在一起。另外,由于通孔141与金属基体11相接触,使进入通孔141的带正电荷的封孔粉体紧密地吸附在通孔141内。如此,当陶瓷层13具有熔融后的封孔粉体经流平处理无法流入的通孔141时,仍可有效地对通孔141进行封孔处理,进而避免腐蚀性介质经通孔141与金属基体11接触导致金属基体11发生腐蚀现象。
采用抛光的方式,去除所述陶瓷层13表面的覆盖层153,使所述陶瓷层13裸露出来,且填充于所述填充部151的外表面于所述陶瓷层13的表面相齐平。
可以理解的,为了使经上述处理后的金属基体11表面呈现出陶瓷层13的颜色,可在封孔粉体中加入与陶瓷层13颜色一致的颜料。
可以理解的,根据实际生产情况,可不进行上述抛光处理,在所述陶瓷层13上保留所述封孔层15。
一种由经上述封孔方法制得的制品10包括一金属基体11及形成于该金属基体11上的陶瓷层13。所述陶瓷层13形成有陶瓷孔14,所述陶瓷孔14包括若干通孔141及若干盲孔143。所述陶瓷孔14中,所述通孔141的个数占一半以上。
所述陶瓷层13通过火焰喷涂法形成,形成所述陶瓷层13的材料主要含有氧化物、碳化物或氮化物等陶瓷材料,如氧化钛、氧化铁、氧化铝及氧化锆等。所述陶瓷层13的厚度为0.12~0.3mm。
所述制品10还包括一封孔层15。所述封孔层15包括若干填充部151及与填充部151一体成型的覆盖层153。若干填充部151分别形成于所述陶瓷孔14内,所述覆盖层153覆盖于所述陶瓷层13及填充部151上。所述封孔层15的主要成分为环氧树脂、环氧树脂与聚酯的混合物、聚氨酯或饱或羟基聚酯树脂与聚氨酯的混合物等具有良好的耐腐蚀性的热固性树脂。
本发明所述陶瓷层13的封孔方法,通过静电粉末喷涂的方式,将具有良好的耐腐蚀性的热固性树脂填充在所述陶瓷层13的陶瓷孔14内,如此,可避免在腐蚀性物质通过所述陶瓷孔14的孔道与金属基体11接触而加速所述金属基体11的腐蚀,进而延长所述制品10的使用寿命。另外,由于所述覆盖层153易于通过抛光的方式从所述陶瓷层13表面去除,且可通过于封孔粉末中添加颜料使封孔后的制品10仍呈现出陶瓷层13的颜色,使所述制品10呈现出具有如玉般的陶瓷外观。
实施例1
提供一金属基体11,该金属基体11的材质为不锈钢。
形成陶瓷层13:用以进行喷涂的粉体中含有质量分数为13%的氧化钛粉末。该陶瓷层13的厚度为0.12mm。
采用钻石砂带对所述陶瓷层13进行粗磨。
形成封孔层15:首先,以静电喷涂的方式,将用以喷涂的粉体喷涂在所述陶瓷层13的表面;之后,将所述金属基体11放置在200℃下烘烤8min,使所述封孔粉体熔融并在陶瓷层13表面流平后固化形成封孔层15。所述封孔粉体为环氧树脂粉末,该封孔粉体的粒径为32~100μm。该封孔层15的厚度为0.04mm。
去除覆盖层153:采用500#的氧化铝砂带对金属基体11进行精抛处理,以去除陶瓷层13表面的覆盖层153。
实施例2
提供一金属基体11,该金属基体11的材质为铝合金。
形成陶瓷层13:用以进行喷涂的粉体中含有质量分数为40%的氧化钛粉末。该陶瓷层13的厚度为0.18mm。
采用钻石砂带对所述陶瓷层13进行粗磨。
形成封孔层15:首先,以静电喷涂的方式,将用以喷涂的粉体喷涂在所述陶瓷层13的表面;之后,将所述金属基体11放置在180℃下烘烤15min,使所述封孔粉体熔融并在陶瓷层13表面流平后固化形成封孔层15。所述封孔粉体为环氧树脂-聚酯的混合粉末,该封孔粉末中环氧树脂的质量百分含量为60%,该封孔粉体的粒径为32~100μm。该封孔层15的厚度为0.04mm。
去除覆盖层153:采用500#的氧化铝砂带对金属基体11进行精抛处理,以去除陶瓷层13表面的覆盖层153。
实施例3
提供一金属基体11,该金属基体11的材质为不锈钢。
形成陶瓷层13:用以进行喷涂的粉体中含有质量分数为80%的氧化铝粉末。该陶瓷层13的厚度为0.14mm。
采用钻石砂带对所述陶瓷层13进行粗磨。
形成封孔层15:首先,以静电喷涂的方式,将用以喷涂的粉体喷涂在所述陶瓷层13的表面;之后,将所述金属基体11放置在200℃下烘烤10min,使所述封孔粉体熔融并在陶瓷层13表面流平后固化形成封孔层15。所述封孔粉体为饱和羟基聚酯树脂和聚氨酯的混合粉末,该封孔粉末中聚氨酯的质量百分含量为60%,该封孔粉体的粒径为32~100μm。该封孔层15的厚度为0.04mm。其中,饱和羟基聚酯树脂和聚氨酯的混合粉末的比重为1.4~1.8g/cm2。
去除覆盖层153:采用500#的氧化铝砂带对金属基体11进行精抛处理,以去除陶瓷层13表面的覆盖层153。
性能测试
将上述制得的制品10进行盐雾测试、耐溶剂测试及人工汗液测试,具体测试方法及结果如下:
(1) 盐雾测试
采用KTHB-615TBS型KSON高温高湿试验箱,测试参数如下:先在温度为35℃的中性盐水(NaCl浓度为5%)溶液下喷淋2h;然后在温度为40℃、相对湿度为93%RH的条件下放置168h,如此170h为一个循环。
测试表明,由本发明实施例1、2及3的方法所制得的制品10均可通过2个循环的测试。循环测试完成2h后检测制品10,制品10表面均未出现变色、陶瓷层13及填充部151均未发生剥落,且陶瓷层13及陶瓷层13与填充部151之间未发生开裂。
(2) 耐溶剂测试
分别采用60-90石油醚、异丙醇(纯度为99.7%)为溶剂,将被所述溶剂浸湿的棉布,以6N~12N的力于2分钟内在制品10表面擦拭200次。
结果表明,由本发明实施例1、2及3的方法所制得的制品10分别经60-90石油醚、异丙醇擦拭2h后表面未发生异色。
(3) 耐人工汗液测试
测试方法与耐溶剂测试的方法基体相同,不同的是采用pH为6.5的人工汗液代替60-90石油醚或异丙醇浸湿棉布。
结果表明,由本发明实施例1、2及3的方法所制得的制品10经上述擦拭2h后表面未发生异色。
可见,经上述封孔方法制得的制品10具有良好的耐盐雾性、耐溶剂性及耐汗液性。
Claims (10)
1.一种制品,包括金属基体及形成于金属基体上的陶瓷层,其特征在于:所述陶瓷层形成有若干陶瓷孔,所述制品还包括一封孔层,该封孔层包括若干填充部,若干所述填充部分别形成于所述陶瓷孔内,所述封孔层主要由具有耐腐蚀性的热固性树脂构成。
2.如权利要求1所述的制品,其特征在于:所述陶瓷层的孔隙率为15~30%。
3.如权利要求1所述的制品,其特征在于:所述陶瓷层的厚度为0.12~0.3mm。
4.如权利要求1所述的制品,其特征在于:形成所述陶瓷层的材料主要含有氧化物、碳化物或氮化物。
5.如权利要求1-4中任一项所述的制品,其特征在于:所述封孔层的主要成分为环氧树脂、环氧树脂与聚酯的混合物、聚氨酯或饱或羟基聚酯树脂与聚氨酯的混合物。
6.如权利要求1所述的制品,其特征在于:所述封孔层还包括覆盖于所述陶瓷层及填充部上的覆盖层。
7.一种陶瓷层的封孔方法,包括以下步骤:
提供金属基体;
采用火焰喷涂法,在所述金属基体表面形成陶瓷层,所述陶瓷层形成有若干陶瓷孔;
采用静电粉体喷涂法,在所述陶瓷层表面喷涂一封孔层,该封孔层包括若干填充部,若干所述填充部分别形成于所述陶瓷孔内,用以对所述陶瓷孔进行封闭处理,进行该封闭处理的所述封孔粉体的主要成分为具有耐腐蚀性的热固性树脂粉末。
8.如权利要求7所述的陶瓷层的封孔方法,其特征在于:所述静电粉体喷涂形成封孔层,通过如下方式实现:以静电喷涂的方式,将封孔粉体喷涂在所述陶瓷层表面及陶瓷孔内;再将所述金属基体放置在170~190℃下烘烤10~15min,使所述封孔粉体熔融进入陶瓷孔并在陶瓷层表面流平后固化。
9.如权利要求7或8所述的陶瓷层的封孔方法,其特征在于:所述封孔粉体的粒径为32~100μm。
10.如权利要求7或8所述的陶瓷层的封孔方法,其特征在于:所述封孔粉体的主要成分为环氧树脂、环氧树脂与聚酯的混合物、聚氨酯或饱或羟基聚酯树脂与聚氨酯的混合物。
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