Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is provides a kind of security reliability aluminum plastic film and preparation method thereof in lithium battery production and in using for the technological deficiency that exists in existing aluminum plastic film and preparation method thereof, and the aluminum plastic film of the inventive method preparation has high strength and air-tightness, barrier, resistance to acids and bases and electrolyte resistance performance, is convenient to identification simultaneously; And aluminum membranous layer and base layer have high peel strength, machining property, shield effectiveness and barrier property, can be used for lithium battery and heavy-duty battery external packing.Product cost is low, Environmental Safety, bending tensile property excellence, and processes is easy.
For realizing above-mentioned purpose of the present invention, one aspect of the present invention provides a kind of aluminum plastic film, comprises superimposed successively barrier layer, base layer, aluminum membranous layer, tack coat and layer of polypropylene foil, wherein, applies coating by the one side at base layer, forms described barrier layer; By the another side plated metal aluminium of sedimentation at base layer, form described aluminum membranous layer; Surperficial adhesive coating at aluminum membranous layer forms described tack coat; Surface recombination polypropylene film at tack coat forms described layer of polypropylene foil.
Wherein, the material of described barrier layer is one of modified epoxy, acrylic resin modified, organic siliconresin, polyimide resin or organic fluorine, is preferably organic siliconresin, more preferably epoxy modified silicone resin.
Particularly, the thickness of described barrier layer is 2~50um.
Especially, described barrier layer has the performance of withstand high temperatures, and more than 290 ℃, the coating of high temperature forms by tolerating.
Wherein, described modified epoxy is modifying epoxy resin by organosilicon; Described acrylic resin modified be organosilicon and epoxy modified resin; Described organic siliconresin is epoxy modified silicone resin; Described fluororesin is polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) (PTFE), polytrifluorochloroethylene (PCTFE), Kynoar (PVDF), ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer (ETFE), ethylene-chlorotrifluoro-ethylene copolymer (ECTFE) or polyvinyl fluoride (PVF).
Particularly, described barrier layer is coloured barrier layer, namely adds pigment in coating, is beneficial to identification.
Barrier layer of the present invention has extremely strong corrosion-resistant, acid-proof alkaline; can effectively intercept the generation when applying electrolyte of aluminium film and scrap, have the effect of protecting base layer, aluminium film, the corrosion that prevents corrosivity, Acidity of Aikalinity solution or other corrosive goods confrontation aluminum plastic film.
Wherein, the material of described base layer is one of polyimides (PI), polyester, polyesterimide, fluorine carbon ethene, inferior nylon paper or polybutene terephthalate; Be preferably polyimides.
Particularly, the thickness of described base layer is 3~30um, and width is 20~1200mm.
Matrix material of the present invention has adopted polyimides (PI) material as matrix, and its tensile strength is good; Simultaneously to having prevented that in the lithium battery use procedure, unexpected explosion has very great help.
Wherein, described aluminum membranous layer adopts physical vaporous deposition (PVD method) metallic aluminium to be deposited on the surface of a side of matrix.
Particularly, the thickness of described aluminum membranous layer is 1~40um.
Especially, the purity of described aluminum membranous layer material is greater than 99.99%.
Wherein, described tack coat is modified epoxy, acrylic resin modified, organic siliconresin, polyimide resin or organic fluorine, be preferably acrylic resin modified, more preferably epoxy modified acrylic resin or organosilicon modified crylic acid resin.
Particularly, the thickness of described tack coat is 2~10um.
Especially, performance high temperature resistant, anti-electrolysis that described tack coat has, more than 290 ℃, the material of high temperature forms by tolerating.
Wherein, described modified epoxy is modifying epoxy resin by organosilicon; Described acrylic resin modified be epoxy modified acrylic resin or organosilicon modified crylic acid resin; Described fluororesin is polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) (PTFE), polytrifluorochloroethylene (PCTFE), Kynoar (PVDF), ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer (ETFE), ethylene-chlorotrifluoro-ethylene copolymer (ECTFE) or polyvinyl fluoride (PVF).
Particularly, also contain pigment in described tack coat, namely add pigment in tack coat, be beneficial to identification.
Wherein, described layer of polypropylene foil is boiling level cast polypropylene film.
Particularly, the thickness of described layer of polypropylene foil is 25~80um.
In cell processing course, the identifiability of a lot of materials is relatively poor, is easy to cause obscuring of materiel machining; Process difficulty and very inconvenient, the aluminum plastic film of made of the present invention have handling ease, easily distinguish, color is adjustable, environmental friendliness.
The present invention provides a kind of preparation method of aluminum plastic film on the other hand, comprises following step in sequence:
1) matrix material two-sided carried out pretreatment, improve the adhesion property on the surface of base material, wherein said pretreatment is processed and plasma cleaning for carry out successively surface corona on the upper and lower surface of matrix material;
2) apply coating at matrix material through pretreated one side, form barrier layer;
3) adopt physical vaporous deposition at the pretreated another side plated metal aluminium of matrix process, form aluminum membranous layer;
4) at the surperficial adhesive coating of aluminum membranous layer, form adhesive linkage;
5) adopt composite algorithm at adhesive linkage surface adhesion polypropylene film.
Wherein, step 1) in the sided corona treatment process voltage be 5000~20000V.
Particularly, it is ten thousand grades to 100,000 grades carrying out described sided corona treatment process Air cleanliness factor.
Especially, the surface of the base material after sided corona treatment can reach 50-55 dyne (dyne), strengthens the combined strength bination of base material and metal level, guarantees high reliability, the uniformity of substrate product.
Wherein, step 1) in the plasma cleaning process vacuum be 2.0 * 10
-1~2.0 * 10
-3MPa; Temperature is-100~-250 ℃; Working gas is argon gas or nitrogen; Cleaning rate is 5~6/min.
Wherein, matrix material is one of polyimides, polyester, polyesterimide, fluorine carbon ethene, inferior nylon paper or polybutene terephthalate; Be preferably polyimides.
Particularly, the thickness of described base layer is 3~30um, and width is 20~1200mm.
Wherein, step 2) coating described in is one of modified epoxy, acrylic resin modified, organic siliconresin, polyimide resin or organic fluorine, is preferably organic siliconresin, more preferably epoxy modified silicone resin.
Particularly, described barrier layer has the performance of withstand high temperatures, and more than 290 ℃, the coating of high temperature forms by tolerating.
Especially, described modified epoxy is modifying epoxy resin by organosilicon; Described acrylic resin modified be epoxy modified acrylic resin or organosilicon modified crylic acid resin; Described organic siliconresin is epoxy modified silicone resin; Described fluororesin is polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) (PTFE), polytrifluorochloroethylene (PCTFE), Kynoar (PVDF), ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer (ETFE), ethylene-chlorotrifluoro-ethylene copolymer (ECTFE) or polyvinyl fluoride (PVF).
Wherein, apply step 2) be spray painting with melting at matrix material through a pretreated side surface.
Surface at matrix material applies the technology that intercepts coatings, is well known to those skilled in the art.
Particularly, the thickness of the coating of spraying is 2~50um.
Particularly, described barrier layer is coloured barrier layer, namely adds pigment in coating, is beneficial to identification.Wherein, step 3) in carrying out described physical vaporous deposition process vacuum be 2.0 * 10
-1~2.0 * 10
-3MPa.
Particularly, temperature is-100~-250 ℃ in carrying out described physical vaporous deposition process.
Particularly, in the physical vaporous deposition process, the deposition velocity of metallic aluminium is 0.2~10M/min; The thickness of aluminum membranous layer is that the thickness of aluminum membranous layer is 1~40um.
Especially physical vaporous deposition, step 3) is to adopt magnetron sputtering method or vacuum vapour deposition under vacuum state, at the surface deposition metallic aluminum material film of the matrix material of processing through surface corona; Be preferably magnetron sputtering method.
Wherein, step 4) adhesive described in is modified epoxy, acrylic resin modified, organic siliconresin, polyimide resin or organic fluorine, be preferably acrylic resin modified, more preferably epoxy modified acrylic resin or organosilicon modified crylic acid resin.
Particularly, described tack coat has the performance of withstand high temperatures, anti-electrolysis, and more than 290 ℃, the material of high temperature forms by tolerating.
Especially, described modified epoxy is modifying epoxy resin by organosilicon; Described acrylic resin modified be epoxy modified acrylic resin or organosilicon modified crylic acid resin; Described fluororesin is polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) (PTFE), polytrifluorochloroethylene (PCTFE), Kynoar (PVDF), ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer (ETFE), ethylene-chlorotrifluoro-ethylene copolymer (ECTFE) or polyvinyl fluoride (PVF).
Wherein, applying step 4) is the adhesive of melting to be sprayed on the surface of aluminum membranous layer.
Technology at the surperficial adhesive coating of aluminium membrane material is well known to those skilled in the art.
Particularly, the thickness of the adhesive of spraying is 2~10um.
Particularly, also contain pigment in described tack coat, namely add pigment in tack coat, be beneficial to identification.
Wherein, step 5) described in, composite algorithm adheres in the process of polypropylene film, and treatment temperature is 60~120 ℃; Adhesion speed is 10~80m/min.
Particularly, described layer of polypropylene foil is boiling level cast polypropylene film.
Especially, the thickness of described layer of polypropylene foil is 25-80um.
The present invention has following advantage:
1, provide colored matrix rete to be convenient to identification; The obstruct barrier layer that applies is conducive to the anti-oxygen of waterproof, corrosion-resistant and acid and alkali-resistance, electrolyte; The use of PI film significantly improves package encapsulation, the tearing toughness of battery, has simultaneously explosion prevention function.
Added different pigments in the coating of aluminum plastic film of the present invention and adhesive, the aluminum plastic film of preparation can be classified according to different purposes and color, identifiability in the follow-up use of aluminum plastic film strengthens, and has handling ease, easily distinguishes, color is adjustable, environmental friendliness.
2, the thickness of insulated barriers barrier layer of the present invention and tack coat passes through repetition test, adapt with the mechanical performances such as percentage elongation of aluminium film, mechanical performance and aluminum membranous layer in the barrier layer process are consistent, the preparation of aluminum plastic film and its machining property enhancing in its follow-up process, avoid aluminum plastic film to ftracture in process, realize good mechanical performance, and strengthened plastic-aluminum film strength, barrier and naphthoic acid caustic corrosion.
3, adopt the PVD method at substrate material surface plated metal aluminium film, the process repetition test is under cryogenic conditions (temperature is-100~-250 ℃), make the interior steam of cavity condense rapidly, and along with the high vacuum state that keeps, outside the extraction cavity, avoided the substrate surface adsorption moisture, make substrate surface dry, in the metallic aluminium deposition process, aluminum membranous layer and base material combined strength bination are high, the aluminum membranous layer that generates is even, thickness is adjustable, the aluminum plastic film dimension stability of preparation is high, high-peeling strength, high reliability, consistent uniformity, improved the mechanical strength of aluminum plastic film, bending, tensile property is excellent, processes is easy.
4, the present invention adopts PVD directly to aluminize, and the adhesion that can realize aluminium foil and base layer improves and percentage elongation reaches unanimity improves machining property greatly, avoids simultaneously using a large amount of adhesives to make environmental protection become possibility.
5, barrier layer of the present invention and tack coat have the performance of high temperature resistant and anti-electrolysis, and the aluminum plastic film of the present invention's preparation soaks 14h in aluminum cell electrolyte under 60 ℃, do not ftracture, without damaging.
6, the machining property of the aluminum plastic film of the present invention preparation is good, and metal layer thickness is adjustable, can realize the super thin metal layer, is used for lithium battery and heavy-duty battery external packing, and production cost is low, environmental protection, following process are easy.
7, easy and simple to handle, safe, convenient, the environmental friendliness of preparation method of the present invention, the characteristics such as processes is convenient, has technique simple, and production cost is low, suitability for industrialized is promoted.
The specific embodiment
Further describe the present invention below in conjunction with specific embodiment, advantage and disadvantage of the present invention will be more clear along with description.But these embodiment are only exemplary, scope of the present invention are not consisted of any restriction.It will be understood by those skilled in the art that lower without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention and can modify or replace details and the form of technical solution of the present invention, but these modifications and replacement all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.
In the present invention, base layer 1 selects the PI material to form, and except the PI material, other all are applicable to the present invention as polyester, polyesterimide, fluorine carbon ethene, inferior nylon paper or polybutene terephthalate.
Coating selection epoxy modified silicone resin (the Guangzhou outstanding Science and Technology Ltd. of emerging victory that uses in the embodiment of the present invention, solid content 〉=50%), except epoxy modified silicone resin, other all are applicable to the present invention as modified epoxy, acrylic resin modified, polyimide resin or the polyurethane-modified resin of organic fluorine.
The adhesive that uses is selected organosilicon modified crylic acid resin (sea, Shenzhen energy chemical industry Co., Ltd), except organosilicon modified crylic acid resin, other all are applicable to the present invention as modified epoxy, acrylic resin modified, polyimide resin or organic fluorine.
As Fig. 1, aluminum plastic film of the present invention for intercepting insulated barriers layer 2, from the inside to the outside is arranged in order aluminum membranous layer 3, tack coat 4 and cast polypropylene film (CPP thin layer) 5 at the opposite side of base layer 1 in a side of base layer 1.Barrier layer 2, base layer 1, aluminum membranous layer 3, tack coat 4 and CPP thin layer 5 superpose successively, combine closely.
The thickness of base layer 2 is 3~30um, and width is 20~1200mm; The thickness of barrier layer 1 is 2~50um; The thickness of aluminum membranous layer 3 is 1~40um; The thickness of tack coat 4 is 2~10um; The thickness of CPP thin layer is 25~80um.
The preparation method of aluminum plastic film is as follows:
1, pretreatment
1) according to the PI characteristic, be under the condition of ten thousand grades at air purity, and be that 3~30um, width are during polyimides (PI) film of 20~1200mm is sent into corona machine with thickness in eliminating the static environment, surface corona is carried out on the surface of PI film to be processed, improve the adhesion property on the surface of base material PI film, wherein, controlling voltage in the sided corona treatment process is 5000~20000V, adjust corona voltage and electric current, process to the surface of PI film and can reach 50~55 dyne (dyne).
Wherein, the sided corona treatment described in the present invention is that conventional surface corona is processed.
2) will send in plasma cleaner through the PI film of sided corona treatment, and carry out plasma cleaning, wherein, the working gas of plasma cleaning is argon gas, and vacuum is 2.0 * 10
-1~2.0 * 10
-3MPa, temperature is-100~-250 ℃; Cleaning rate is 5-6m/min.
2, spraying barrier layer
The epoxide modified organic siliconresin 2~50um of spraying on the pretreated PI film of process, then sending in baking oven and dry, is at first under 100~170 ℃ of conditions in temperature, oven dry 0.5~2min, treat that coating reduces temperature after reaching surface drying, dries 8~24h under 50~100 ℃.
Wherein, can also add pigment in coating, form the barrier layer of different colours, be used for the identification at cell processing course, place and cause obscuring of Physical Processing.
Except spraying, the method that other those skilled in the art know all is applicable to the coating of insulated barriers coating of the present invention.
3, physical vapour deposition (PVD) process
To send in magnetron sputtering apparatus through the matrix material PI film of spraying barrier layer, carry out magnetron sputtering deposition of aluminum film at the opposite side through pretreated PI film, be controlled at and adopt fine aluminium (purity is greater than 99.99%) target under the high-purity argon gas environment, the temperature of controlling target is controlled at below 100 ℃, sputtering sedimentation aluminium film on matrix material PI film is until the thickness of metallic aluminium rete reaches 1~40um; Wherein, the physical vapour deposition (PVD) process condition of work is as follows:
Working gas is: high-purity argon gas (99.999%);
Operating air pressure is: 2.0 * 10
-1~2.0 * 10
-3MPa;
Sputter temperature is :-100~-250 ℃;
Sputtering current is: 4~10A;
Power is: 380~600KW;
Sputtering time is: 1~10min;
Metal deposition rates is: 02~10M/min.
Wherein, working gas is except argon gas, and other gases such as helium, nitrogen etc. all are applicable to the present invention.
4, adhesive coating
Adhesive for spraying organosilicon modified crylic acid resin 2~10um on the PI film of process PVD method deposition of aluminum film, then send in baking oven and dry, at first be under 100~150 ℃ of conditions in temperature, oven dry 0.5~2min, treat that adhesive reduces temperature after reaching surface drying, dries 2~24h under 50~80 ℃.
Wherein, can also add pigment in adhesive, form the tack coat of different colours, be used for the identification at cell processing course, place and cause obscuring of Physical Processing.
Except the spraying, the method that other those skilled in the art know all be applicable to of the present invention on the aluminium film adhesive coating.
5, composite polypropylene film
The PI film of adhesive coating is sent in compounding machine, adopted composite algorithm at the compound adhesion boiling of the PI of adhesive coating film surface level cast polypropylene film, wherein in the composite algorithm processing procedure, temperature is 60~100 ℃; Compound adhesion speed is 10~80m/min, and the thickness of layer of polypropylene foil is 25~80um.
Except the compound cast polypropylene film of above-mentioned low temperature composite algorithm, the method that other those skilled in the art know all be applicable to of the present invention on adhesive the composite polypropylene film.
The embodiment of the present invention is to adopt a kind of function aluminum plastic film that the surface applies and the PVD method realizes, have extremely strong machining property and realize simultaneously the functions such as the easy identification of color, safety, low cost, convenient, quality consistency, environmental friendliness, has technique simple, cost is low, the characteristics such as anti-bending, high reliability.