Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to provide a kind of for the technological deficiency existed in existing aluminum plastic film and preparation method thereof to produce and security reliability aluminum plastic film and preparation method thereof in use at lithium battery, aluminum plastic film prepared by the inventive method has high strength and air-tightness, barrier, resistance to acids and bases and electrolyte resistance performance, is convenient to identify simultaneously; And aluminum membranous layer and base layer have high peel strength, machining property, shield effectiveness and barrier property, may be used for lithium battery and heavy-duty battery external packing.Product cost is low, and Environmental Safety, bending tensile property are excellent, and processes is easy.
For realizing above-mentioned purpose of the present invention, one aspect of the present invention provides a kind of aluminum plastic film, comprises barrier layer superimposed successively, base layer, aluminum membranous layer, tack coat and layer of polypropylene foil, wherein, by the one side coating coating at base layer, forms described barrier layer; By the another side plated metal aluminium of sedimentation at base layer, the aluminum membranous layer described in formation; At the surperficial adhesive coating of aluminum membranous layer, the tack coat described in formation; At the surface recombination polypropylene film of tack coat, the layer of polypropylene foil described in formation.
Wherein, the material of described barrier layer is modified epoxy, acrylic resin modified, organic siliconresin, one of polyimide resin or organic fluorine, is preferably organic siliconresin, more preferably epoxy modified silicone resin.
Particularly, the thickness of described barrier layer is 2 ~ 50um.
Especially, described barrier layer has the performance of withstand high temperatures, is made up of the coating of tolerance more than 290 DEG C high temperature.
Wherein, described modified epoxy is modifying epoxy resin by organosilicon; Described acrylic resin modified be organosilicon and epoxy modified resin; Described organic siliconresin is epoxy modified silicone resin; Described fluororesin is polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) (PTFE), polytrifluorochloroethylene (PCTFE), Kynoar (PVDF), ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer (ETFE), ethylene-chlorotrifluoro-ethylene copolymer (ECTFE) or polyvinyl fluoride (PVF).
Particularly, described barrier layer is coloured barrier layer, namely in coating, adds pigment, is beneficial to identification.
Barrier layer of the present invention has extremely strong corrosion-resistant, acid-proof alkaline; effectively can intercept the generation when applying electrolyte of aluminium film to scrap, there is the effect protecting base layer, aluminium film, the corrosion preventing corrosivity, Acidity of Aikalinity solution or other corrosive goods confrontation aluminum plastic film.
Wherein, the material of described base layer is polyimides (PI), polyester, polyesterimide, fluorine carbon ethene, one of sub-nylon paper or polybutylene terephthalate; Be preferably polyimides.
Particularly, the thickness of described base layer is 3 ~ 30um, and width is 20 ~ 1200mm.
Matrix material of the present invention have employed polyimides (PI) material as matrix, and its tensile strength is good; Simultaneously to preventing unexpected explosion in lithium battery use procedure to have very great help.
Wherein, described aluminum membranous layer adopts physical vaporous deposition (PVD method) metallic aluminium to be deposited on the surface of the side of matrix.
Particularly, the thickness of described aluminum membranous layer is 1 ~ 40um.
Especially, the purity of described aluminum membranous layer material is greater than 99.99%.
Wherein, described tack coat is modified epoxy, acrylic resin modified, organic siliconresin, polyimide resin or organic fluorine, preferably acrylic resin modified, more preferably epoxy modified acrylic resin or organosilicon modified crylic acid resin.
Particularly, the thickness of described tack coat is 2 ~ 10um.
Especially, described tack coat has the performance of high temperature resistant, resistance to electrolysis, is made up of the material of tolerance more than 290 DEG C high temperature.
Wherein, described modified epoxy is modifying epoxy resin by organosilicon; Described acrylic resin modified be epoxy modified acrylic resin or organosilicon modified crylic acid resin; Described fluororesin is polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) (PTFE), polytrifluorochloroethylene (PCTFE), Kynoar (PVDF), ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer (ETFE), ethylene-chlorotrifluoro-ethylene copolymer (ECTFE) or polyvinyl fluoride (PVF).
Particularly, also containing pigment in described tack coat, namely in tack coat, add pigment, be beneficial to identification.
Wherein, described layer of polypropylene foil is boiling level cast polypropylene film.
Particularly, the thickness of described layer of polypropylene foil is 25 ~ 80um.
In cell processing course, the identifiability of a lot of material is poor, is easy to cause obscuring of materiel machining; Process difficulty and very inconvenient, the aluminum plastic film made by the present invention has handling ease, easily distinguishes, color tunable, environmental friendliness.
The present invention provides a kind of preparation method of aluminum plastic film on the other hand, comprises the step that following order is carried out:
1) carry out pretreatment to the two-sided of matrix material, improve the adhesion property on the surface of base material, wherein said pretreatment is carry out surface corona process and plasma cleaning successively on the upper and lower surface of matrix material;
2) apply coating at matrix material through pretreated one side, form barrier layer;
3) physical vaporous deposition is adopted at matrix through pretreated another side plated metal aluminium, formation aluminum membranous layer;
4) at the surperficial adhesive coating of aluminum membranous layer, adhesive linkage is formed;
5) adopt composite algorithm at adhesive linkage surface adhesion polypropylene film.
Wherein, step 1) described in sided corona treatment process voltage be 5000 ~ 20000V.
Particularly, it is ten thousand grades to 100,000 grades carrying out air purity in described sided corona treatment process.
Especially, the surface energy of the base material after sided corona treatment reaches 50-55 dyne (dyne), strengthens the combined strength bination of base material and metal level, ensures high reliability, the uniformity of substrate product.
Wherein, step 1) described in plasma cleaning process vacuum be 2.0 × 10
-1~ 2.0 × 10
-3mPa; Temperature is-100 ~-250 DEG C; Working gas is argon gas or nitrogen; Cleaning rate is 5 ~ 6/min.
Wherein, matrix material is polyimides, polyester, polyesterimide, fluorine carbon ethene, one of sub-nylon paper or polybutylene terephthalate; Be preferably polyimides.
Particularly, the thickness of described base layer is 3 ~ 30um, and width is 20 ~ 1200mm.
Wherein, step 2) described in coating be modified epoxy, acrylic resin modified, organic siliconresin, one of polyimide resin or organic fluorine, be preferably organic siliconresin, more preferably epoxy modified silicone resin.
Particularly, described barrier layer has the performance of withstand high temperatures, is made up of the coating of tolerance more than 290 DEG C high temperature.
Especially, described modified epoxy is modifying epoxy resin by organosilicon; Described acrylic resin modified be epoxy modified acrylic resin or organosilicon modified crylic acid resin; Described organic siliconresin is epoxy modified silicone resin; Described fluororesin is polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) (PTFE), polytrifluorochloroethylene (PCTFE), Kynoar (PVDF), ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer (ETFE), ethylene-chlorotrifluoro-ethylene copolymer (ECTFE) or polyvinyl fluoride (PVF).
Wherein, step 2) described in coating be by the spray painting of melting at matrix material through a pretreated side surface.
Intercept the technology of coatings in the coating of the surface of matrix material, be well known to those skilled in the art.
Particularly, the thickness of the coating of spraying is 2 ~ 50um.
Particularly, described barrier layer is coloured barrier layer, namely in coating, adds pigment, is beneficial to identification.Wherein, step 3) in be 2.0 × 10 carrying out vacuum in described physical vaporous deposition process
-1~ 2.0 × 10
-3mPa.
Particularly, it is-100 ~-250 DEG C carrying out temperature in described physical vaporous deposition process.
Particularly, in physical vaporous deposition process, the deposition velocity of metallic aluminium is 0.2 ~ 10M/min; The thickness of aluminum membranous layer is the thickness of aluminum membranous layer is 1 ~ 40um.
Especially, step 3) described in physical vaporous deposition be adopt magnetron sputtering method or vacuum vapour deposition under vacuum conditions, at the surface deposition metallic aluminum material film of the matrix material through surface corona process; Be preferably magnetron sputtering method.
Wherein, step 4) described in adhesive be modified epoxy, acrylic resin modified, organic siliconresin, polyimide resin or organic fluorine, preferably acrylic resin modified, more preferably epoxy modified acrylic resin or organosilicon modified crylic acid resin.
Particularly, described tack coat has the performance of withstand high temperatures, resistance to electrolysis, is made up of the material of tolerance more than 290 DEG C high temperature.
Especially, described modified epoxy is modifying epoxy resin by organosilicon; Described acrylic resin modified be epoxy modified acrylic resin or organosilicon modified crylic acid resin; Described fluororesin is polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) (PTFE), polytrifluorochloroethylene (PCTFE), Kynoar (PVDF), ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer (ETFE), ethylene-chlorotrifluoro-ethylene copolymer (ECTFE) or polyvinyl fluoride (PVF).
Wherein, step 4) described in coating be the surface adhesive of melting being sprayed on aluminum membranous layer.
In the technology of the surperficial adhesive coating of aluminium membrane material, be well known to those skilled in the art.
Particularly, the thickness of the adhesive of spraying is 2 ~ 10um.
Particularly, also containing pigment in described tack coat, namely in tack coat, add pigment, be beneficial to identification.
Wherein, step 5) described in composite algorithm adhere in the process of polypropylene film, treatment temperature is 60 ~ 120 DEG C; Adhesion speed is 10 ~ 80m/min.
Particularly, described layer of polypropylene foil is boiling level cast polypropylene film.
Especially, the thickness of described layer of polypropylene foil is 25-80um.
Tool of the present invention has the following advantages:
1, provide colored matrix rete to be convenient to identify; The obstruct barrier layer of coating is conducive to waterproof oxygen, corrosion-resistant and acid and alkali-resistance, electrolyte; The use of PI film significantly improves the package encapsulation of battery, tearing toughness, has explosion prevention function simultaneously.
Different pigments is with the addition of in the coating of aluminum plastic film of the present invention and adhesive, the aluminum plastic film of preparation can be classified according to different purposes and color, identifiability in the follow-up use of aluminum plastic film strengthens, and has handling ease, easily distinguishes, color tunable, environmental friendliness.
2, the thickness of insulated barriers barrier layer of the present invention and tack coat passes through repetition test, adapt with mechanical performances such as the percentage elongation of aluminium film, mechanical performance in barrier layer process and aluminum membranous layer are consistent, the preparation of aluminum plastic film and its machining property enhancing in its follow-up process, aluminum plastic film is avoided to ftracture in process, realize good mechanical performance, and enhance plastic-aluminum film strength, barrier and naphthoic acid caustic corrosion.
3, adopt PVD method at substrate material surface plated metal aluminium film, through repetition test under cryogenic conditions (temperature is-100 ~-250 DEG C), steam in cavity is condensed rapidly, and along with the high vacuum state kept, outside extraction cavity, avoid substrate surface adsorption moisture, make substrate surface dry, in metallic aluminium deposition process aluminum membranous layer and base material combined strength bination high, the aluminum membranous layer generated is even, thickness is adjustable, the aluminum plastic film dimension stability of preparation is high, high-peeling strength, high reliability, consistent uniformity, improve the mechanical strength of aluminum plastic film, bending, tensile property is excellent, processes is easy.
4, the present invention adopts PVD directly to aluminize, and the adhesion that can realize aluminium foil and base layer improves and percentage elongation reaches unanimity improves machining property greatly, avoids using a large amount of adhesive to make environmental protection become possibility simultaneously.
5, barrier layer of the present invention and tack coat have the performance of high temperature resistant and resistance to electrolysis, and aluminum plastic film prepared by the present invention, at 60 DEG C, soaks 14h, do not ftracture in aluminum cell electrolyte, without damaging.
6, the machining property of aluminum plastic film prepared of the present invention is good, and metal layer thickness is adjustable, can realize ultra-thin metal layer, and for lithium battery and heavy-duty battery external packing, and production cost is low, environmental protection, following process are easy.
7, easy and simple to handle, safe, convenient, the environmental friendliness of preparation method of the present invention, processes is convenient, has technique simple, the features such as production cost is low, and suitability for industrialized is promoted.
Detailed description of the invention
Further describe the present invention below in conjunction with specific embodiment, advantage and disadvantage of the present invention will be more clear along with description.But these embodiments are only exemplary, do not form any restriction to scope of the present invention.It will be understood by those skilled in the art that and can modify to the details of technical solution of the present invention and form or replace down without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, but these amendments and replacement all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.
In the present invention, base layer 1 selects PI material to form, and except PI material, other are all applicable to the present invention as polyester, polyesterimide, fluorine carbon ethene, sub-nylon paper or polybutylene terephthalate.
Epoxy modified silicone resin (Guangzhou Xing Shengjie Science and Technology Ltd. selected by the coating used in the embodiment of the present invention, solid content >=50%), except epoxy modified silicone resin, other are all applicable to the present invention as modified epoxy, acrylic resin modified, polyimide resin or the polyurethane-modified resin of organic fluorine.
Organosilicon modified crylic acid resin (Hai Neng Chemical Co., Ltd. of Shenzhen) selected by the adhesive used, except organosilicon modified crylic acid resin, other are all applicable to the present invention as modified epoxy, acrylic resin modified, polyimide resin or organic fluorine.
As Fig. 1, aluminum plastic film of the present invention for intercepting insulated barriers layer 2, is from the inside to the outside arranged in order aluminum membranous layer 3, tack coat 4 and cast polypropylene film (CPP thin layer) 5 at the opposite side of base layer 1 in the side of base layer 1.Barrier layer 2, base layer 1, aluminum membranous layer 3, tack coat 4 and CPP thin layer 5 superpose successively, combine closely.
The thickness of base layer 2 is 3 ~ 30um, and width is 20 ~ 1200mm; The thickness of barrier layer 1 is 2 ~ 50um; The thickness of aluminum membranous layer 3 is 1 ~ 40um; The thickness of tack coat 4 is 2 ~ 10um; The thickness of CPP thin layer is 25 ~ 80um.
The preparation method of aluminum plastic film is as follows:
1, pretreatment
1) according to PI characteristic, be under the condition of ten thousand grades at air purity, and send in corona machine at polyimides (PI) film that to eliminate thickness in electrostatic environment be 3 ~ 30um, width is 20 ~ 1200mm, surface corona process is carried out to the surface of PI film, improve the adhesion property on the surface of base material PI film, wherein, in sided corona treatment process, control voltage is 5000 ~ 20000V, adjustment corona voltage and electric current, the surface energy processed to PI film reaches 50 ~ 55 dyne (dyne).
Wherein, the sided corona treatment described in the present invention is conventional surface corona process.
2) sent in plasma cleaner by the PI film through sided corona treatment, carry out plasma cleaning, wherein, the working gas of plasma cleaning is argon gas, and vacuum is 2.0 × 10
-1~ 2.0 × 10
-3mPa, temperature is-100 ~-250 DEG C; Cleaning rate is 5-6m/min.
2, barrier layer is sprayed
Epoxide modified organic siliconresin 2 ~ 50um is being sprayed on pretreated PI film, then send in baking oven and dry, first under temperature is 100 ~ 170 DEG C of conditions, dry 0.5 ~ 2min, treat that coating reduces temperature after reaching surface drying, at 50 ~ 100 DEG C, dry 8 ~ 24h.
Wherein, pigment can also be added in coating, form the barrier layer of different colours, for the identification in cell processing course, place and cause obscuring of Physical Processing.
Except spraying, the method that other those skilled in the art know all is applicable to the coating of insulated barriers coating of the present invention.
3, physical vapour deposition (PVD) process
Matrix material PI film through spraying barrier layer is sent in magnetron sputtering apparatus, magnetron sputtering deposition of aluminum film is carried out at the opposite side through pretreated PI film, control under high-purity argon gas environment, adopt fine aluminium (purity is greater than 99.99%) target, the temperature controlling target controls below 100 DEG C, sputtering sedimentation aluminium film on matrix material PI film, until the thickness of metallic aluminium rete reaches 1 ~ 40um; Wherein, physical vapour deposition (PVD) process condition of work is as follows:
Working gas is: high-purity argon gas (99.999%);
Operating air pressure is: 2.0 × 10
-1~ 2.0 × 10
-3mPa;
Sputter temperature is :-100 ~-250 DEG C;
Sputtering current is: 4 ~ 10A;
Power is: 380 ~ 600KW;
Sputtering time is: 1 ~ 10min;
Metal deposition rates is: 02 ~ 10M/min.
Wherein, working gas is except argon gas, and other gases such as helium, nitrogen etc. are all applicable to the present invention.
4, adhesive coating
Adhesive for spraying organosilicon modified crylic acid resin 2 ~ 10um on the PI film through PVD method deposition of aluminum film, then send in baking oven and dry, first under temperature is 100 ~ 150 DEG C of conditions, dry 0.5 ~ 2min, treat that adhesive reduces temperature after reaching surface drying, at 50 ~ 80 DEG C, dry 2 ~ 24h.
Wherein, pigment can also be added in adhesive, form the tack coat of different colours, for the identification in cell processing course, place and cause obscuring of Physical Processing.
Except spraying except, the method that other those skilled in the art know all be applicable to of the present invention on aluminium film adhesive coating.
5, composite polypropylene film
Sent into by the PI film of adhesive coating in compounding machine, adopt composite algorithm to adhere to boiling level cast polypropylene film in the PI film surface compound of adhesive coating, wherein in composite algorithm processing procedure, temperature is 60 ~ 100 DEG C; It is 10 ~ 80m/min that compound adheres to speed, and the thickness of layer of polypropylene foil is 25 ~ 80um.
Except above-mentioned low temperature composite algorithm compound cast polypropylene film, the method that other those skilled in the art know all be applicable to of the present invention on adhesive composite polypropylene film.
The embodiment of the present invention is a kind of function aluminum plastic film adopting surface coating and PVD method to realize, there is extremely strong machining property and realize the easy identification of color, safety, low cost, convenient, the function such as quality consistency, environmental friendliness simultaneously, there is technique simple, cost is low, the features such as resistance to bending, high reliability.