CN103157842A - Five-shaft milling method for complex curved surface - Google Patents
Five-shaft milling method for complex curved surface Download PDFInfo
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- CN103157842A CN103157842A CN2011104224154A CN201110422415A CN103157842A CN 103157842 A CN103157842 A CN 103157842A CN 2011104224154 A CN2011104224154 A CN 2011104224154A CN 201110422415 A CN201110422415 A CN 201110422415A CN 103157842 A CN103157842 A CN 103157842A
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Abstract
The invention provides a five-shaft milling method for a complex curved surface. The method selects a hard uncoated milling-cutter with 0.2-0.8 [mu]m ultrafine or microfine particulars, wherein the milling-cutter uses a conical or tapered-conical structure with a cutter teeth Z of 3-5 blades, a helix angle beta of the blades is more than or equal to 45 DEG, a length to diameter ratio of the cutter D/L is less than or equal to 15, climb milling is used, cutting action of the cutter pulls the cutter to cut, a cutting-in point and a cutting out point of a cutter path are arranged outside the curved surface, the cutter path is along an arc tangent direction when workpieces are cut in or cut out, directions of the cutter path are changed outside the curved surface, a distance of the cutter path away from the curved surface is not less than 1 to 4 times of a tool diameter D; during processing, a tool feed amount Fz is less than or equal to 0.11-0.5 mm, a cutting speed V is 17-260 m/min; during a rough machining and a fine finishining, different cutting depths are selected, the fine finishining need a reserved amount of 2-0.7 mm; and oil gas spray of compressed air is used to cool and lubricate.
Description
Technical field
Present technique invention relates to complex-curved five axle milling methods, and the integral wheel that particularly relates to the high-tech area such as Aeronautics and Astronautics is the milling method of part and complex-curved class part.
Background technology
Along with the electronic equipment on present generation aircraft is increasing, environment is controlled to requirement more and more higher, its core component turbomachinery cooling assembly, the recirculation fan of parts, all applied the turbomachine of High Rotation Speed in electronic device cooling fan etc., impeller is as the critical component of these rotating machineries, its whole crudy not only affects component efficiencies, more be directly connected to the reliability of parts, the integral wheel of this class formation can meet big thrust loading, the requirement of high-performance gas compressor blade train product strength, but the wrap-around error of this class integral wheel is little, precision is high, certain type high accuracy impeller for example, its outlet diameter≤φ 500mm, inlet diameter≤φ 350mm, outlet blade height≤30mm, inlet vane height≤66mm, vane thickness thinnest part δ≤4mm, minimum range≤32mm between adjacent blades, its quantity of blade circle distribution >=11, to in semi-enclosed like this cavity and passage aisle, complete complex-curved processing, while particularly processing the impeller root due to dark and narrow space, the angle of two side has≤and 90 °, therefore, cutter very easily with adjacent blades, runner interferes product, root easily produces serious shake cutter simultaneously, cross and cut, owe to cut and even dig the phenomenons such as dark and cutter very easily damages, there is very large difficulty in processing, adopt traditional milling process method following unfavorable condition often to occur:
1: because the radius of center cutter levels off to zero, center cutter does not produce milling, easily produces the larger crowded phenomenon of cutting in milling process, so heat in metal cutting, cutting vibrations cause cutting tool very easily to damage;
2: be subject to the impact of larger cutting force, heat in metal cutting in milling process, can cause spoon of blade, sprue curved distortion, thereby affect the dynamic balance performance of one-piece parts, during processing impeller root, cutter very easily interferes with adjacent blades, runner, the part of damaging; .
3: the impeller root is crossed and is cut, owes to cut and even dig deeply, root curved surface profile degree error is larger, easily producing serious shake cutter causes cutting tool very easily to damage (blade collapse bear, cutter fractures), descended by larger Milling Force, cutting vibration influence milling efficiency, so the low long processing time of stock-removing efficiency.
Along with scientific and technological development, to product manufacture efficiency, workmanship stability, properties of product, require also more and more higher, therefore it is also more and more higher that integral wheel is that the spoon of blade of part, sprue curved shape, dimensional accuracy and surface quality require, tradition is complex-curved is that the part milling process can not meet the needs of production.
Summary of the invention:
The technical problem solved:
For the problem existed in above technique, the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of in semi-enclosed cavity and passage aisle, improve and complex-curvedly be piece surface machining quality, dimensional accuracy stability and improve stock-removing efficiency, reduce the milling method that cutter consumes.
Technical scheme:
Complex-curved five axle milling methods of the present invention, be complex-curved to each metalloid on five axle machining center equipment be part milling processing, the optimum organization by the selection to cutter direction of feed, cutting depth and cutter shaft vector parameters, Cutting trajectory, the setting of Roughing and fine machining machining residual amount, cutting parameter realizes.
Complex-curved five axle milling methods of the present invention are achieved in that the hard of selecting the ultra-fine or ultrafine particle of 0.2～0.8 μ m is without the coating milling cutter, milling cutter adopts taper or reducing pyramidal structure, the equal rounding R in reducing transition region and nose angle place, the angle of taper α of described taper mill
1between 0 °～10 °, described reducing taper mill is from large footpath D
1change to path D
2the transition cone angle
2between 3 °～6 °, the rounding R1 of reducing transition region is between 2～30mm, and the rounding R of nose angle place is between 1.5～5mm; The cutter tooth number Z is 3～5 blades, the helixangleβ of blade>=45 °, the draw ratio of cutter
adopt the climb cutting mode, the cutting movement of cutter to be to drag cutter cutting, the incision of cutter rail, cuts out and a little is arranged on beyond curved surface, cut and while cutting out workpiece the cutter rail along the circular arc tangential line direction, the bite track is changed direction outside curved surface, and its distance of leaving curved surface should be not less than the tool diameter D of 1～4 times; Add the tool feeding amount Fz in man-hour≤0.11～0.5mm, cutting speed V=17～260m/min; During roughing, the cutter shaft vector along tool feeding direction and Surface Method to angle γ between 10 °～40 °, cutting depth AP exists
between, the cutting step pitch
during fine finishining, the cutter shaft vector along tool feeding direction and Surface Method to angle γ between 5 °～10 °, cutting depth AP, between 0.03～0.8mm, processes pre-allowance 2～0.7mm; Select compressed air oil gas spraying cooling and lubricating in processing.
By above technical finesse, after complex-curved five axle high efficiency milling processing, shape is complete, curved surface is smooth, guarantees and improve size, the form accuracy requirement of its part, reduces cutting deformation, and the quality of production increases substantially.
Beneficial effect:
Advantage of the present invention is:
Adopt this process to complex-curved series parts Milling Process, realized that the technique of integral wheel series parts promotes, guaranteed good product quality, performance and designing requirement, simultaneously, improved the rate of coming into force, guaranteed the product one-time success rate.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that integral wheel is the part schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of taper mill;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of reducing taper mill;
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of milling cutter draw ratio;
Fig. 5 be the cutter shaft vector along tool feeding direction and Surface Method to the schematic diagram of angle.
In figure: 1-cutter, 2-workpiece, α
1the cone angle of-taper mill, α
2-reducing taper mill transition cone angle, β-blade helical angle, the length that overhangs of L-cutter, D-milling cutter tool diameter, D
1the large footpath of-reducing taper mill, D
2-reducing taper mill path, R-nose angle place rounding, the rounding of R1-reducing taper mill reducing transition region, knife,γ tool axial vector along tool feeding direction and Surface Method to angle.
The specific embodiment:
The present embodiment is certain high-performance integral wheel of processing, the material of this integral wheel is 3A21, structure as shown in Figure 1, the outlet diameter of integral wheel is φ 296mm, the inlet diameter of impeller is φ 195mm, outlet blade height 26mm, inlet vane height 40mm, the vane thickness thinnest part is 3mm only, minimum range 19mm between adjacent blades, its quantity of blade circle distribution is 17, because adding, this part material easily produces larger heat in metal cutting man-hour, the cutting vibrations cause cutting sticky cutter, cutter very easily fractures, cause spoon of blade, sprue curved distortion or damage, thereby affect dynamic balance performance and the quality of one-piece parts, adopt complex-curved five axle milling methods of the present invention to be processed, specifically be implemented as follows:
1: the five axle processing center machine tools with good dynamic and stability are selected in the selection of equipment;
2: the reducing slotting cutter of 0.4 μ m ultrafine dust without coated carbides diameter phi 10 selected in the selection of cutter, and milling cutter is from large footpath D
1change to path D
2the transition cone angle
2be 8 °, cutter number of teeth Z=3 blade, nose angle rounding R=5, blade helixangleβ>=45 °, cutter draw ratio
3: cutting parameter select cutting speed: V=190m/min (speed of mainshaft N=5800), Fz=0.11mm, cutting depth: AP=3mm.
4: in programming process, reasonably optimizing Cutting trajectory bite rail adopts the climb cutting mode, and the bite track is changed direction outside curved surface, its distance of leaving curved surface is tool diameter 2.5 times, while cutting out workpiece the cutter rail with the incision of circular arc tangential line direction, cut out;
5: the cooling and lubricating method is cooling with the spraying of compressed air oil gas, removes in time cutting and ensures cutting force directive property, guarantees good cutting effect and cutter life.
By above technical finesse, after part milling processing, shape is complete, curved surface is smooth, guarantees and improved size, the form accuracy requirement of part, has reduced cutting deformation, has increased substantially the quality of production.
The present embodiment is certain high-performance integral wheel of processing, the outlet diameter φ 233mm of integral wheel, the inlet diameter φ 160mm of impeller, outlet blade height 29mm, inlet vane height 70mm, vane thickness thinnest part 0.9mm, minimum range≤6mm between adjacent blades, its several 13 of blade circle distribution, impeller total height 96mm, impeller blade becomes circular arc with impeller channel with R3.5-R2mm and connects, and it is difficult especially that the clear angle of the sidewall of this integral wheel adds man-hour, adopt complex-curved five axle milling methods of the present invention to be processed, specifically be implemented as follows:
1: the five axle processing center machine tools with good dynamic and stability are selected in the selection of equipment;
2: the selection of cutter selects 0.4 μ m ultrafine dust without cutting tool coated with hard alloy, the taper slotting cutter of tool diameter D=φ 3.5, the tapering α of milling cutter=5 °, cutter draw ratio
cutter number of teeth Z=3 blade, nose angle rounding R=1.75, blade helixangleβ=45 °, the fit dynamic balancing≤6.3G of set of knives;
3, reasonably optimizing Cutting trajectory bite rail climb cutting, bite rail individual event cutting direction is prolonged on sidewall root curved surface and is carried, incision and while cutting out workpiece the cutter rail with the incision of circular arc tangential line direction, cut out, the incision of step pitch direction is with the 1.5 places incision of the outer cutting tool radius of machining element;
4, semifinishing, the remaining amount of finishing tool axial vector parameter arrange the process tool axial vector along tool feeding direction and Surface Method to 3 °≤γ of angle≤25 °, cutting depth 0.05≤AP≤0.3mm, carry more than the cutting movement of cutter and drag the cutter cutting, processing cutting step pitch is by required precision≤0.08, machining residual amount 0.05mm, the fine finishining of cutter track repeats 2 times;
5, the selection principle of cutting parameter at utmost reduces cutting vibrations footpath, reduce cutting deformation, while selecting machining center to carry out machining, control well cutting speed, general cutting speed: V=15m/min, in addition, add the feed amount of feeding in man-hour: Fz≤0.05mm, cutting depth: 0.05≤AP≤0.1mm.Step pitch 0.07mm.
6, cooling and lubricating method
Cooling with the spraying of compressed air oil gas, remove in time cutting and ensure cutting force directive property, guarantee good cutting effect and cutter life.
Claims (6)
1. complex-curved five axle high efficiency milling methods, on five axle machining center equipment, by to the cutter direction of feed, the selection of cutting depth and cutter shaft vector parameters, Cutting trajectory, slightly, fine finishining machining residual amount arranges, the optimum organization of cutting parameter and the reasonable selection type of cooling realize, it is characterized in that: select the hard of the ultra-fine or ultrafine particle of 0.2～0.8 μ m without the coating milling cutter, milling cutter adopts taper or reducing pyramidal structure, the equal rounding R in reducing transition region and nose angle place, the cutter tooth number Z is 3～5 blades, the helixangleβ of blade>=45 °, draw ratio
adopt the climb cutting mode, the cutting movement of cutter to be to drag the cutter cutting, the incision of cutter rail, cuts out and a little is arranged on beyond curved surface, cut and while cutting out workpiece the cutter rail along the circular arc tangential line direction, add the tool feeding amount Fz in man-hour≤0.11～0.5mm, cutting speed V=17～260m/min, during roughing, the cutter shaft vector along tool feeding direction and Surface Method to angle γ between 10 °～40 °, cutting depth AP exists
between, the cutting step pitch
during fine finishining, the cutter shaft vector along tool feeding direction and Surface Method to 5 °≤γ of angle≤15 °, cutting depth AP, between 0.03～0.8mm, processes pre-allowance 2～0.7mm.
2. complex-curved five axle high efficiency milling methods according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the angle of taper α of described taper mill
1between 5 °～10 °.
3. complex-curved five axle high efficiency milling methods according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described reducing taper mill is from large footpath D
1change to path D
2the transition cone angle
2between 3 °～6 °, the rounding R1 of reducing transition region is between 2～30mm.
4. complex-curved five axle high efficiency milling methods according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the rounding R of nose angle place of taper or reducing taper mill is between 1.5～5mm;
5. complex-curved five axle high efficiency milling methods according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the bite track should be changed direction outside curved surface, and its distance of leaving curved surface should be not less than 1～4D.
6. complex-curved five axle high efficiency milling methods according to claim 1, is characterized in that: select compressed air oil gas spraying cooling and lubricating in processing.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201110422415.4A CN103157842B (en) | 2011-12-16 | 2011-12-16 | Complex-curved five axle milling methods |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201110422415.4A CN103157842B (en) | 2011-12-16 | 2011-12-16 | Complex-curved five axle milling methods |
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| CN103157842B CN103157842B (en) | 2016-05-11 |
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Cited By (17)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103537743A (en) * | 2013-10-05 | 2014-01-29 | 成都泛华航空仪表电器有限公司 | Multi-axis curved surface type numerically-controlled method for machining complicated curved surface part |
| CN104439468A (en) * | 2014-11-24 | 2015-03-25 | 四川成发航空科技股份有限公司 | Milling cutter suitable for layered milling forming process of integral leaf disk structural profile |
| CN104475842A (en) * | 2014-11-24 | 2015-04-01 | 四川成发航空科技股份有限公司 | Milling method for structural molded surface of integrated blade disc |
| CN104588750A (en) * | 2015-01-05 | 2015-05-06 | 上海应用技术学院 | Process method for reducing corner-cleaning milling vibration of root part of integral closed impeller |
| CN104625238A (en) * | 2015-01-14 | 2015-05-20 | 楚天科技股份有限公司 | Panel grain machining method for bottle organizing tray |
| CN104741670A (en) * | 2013-12-30 | 2015-07-01 | 沈阳透平机械股份有限公司 | Plunge milling machining method for semi-open impeller fixed space vector cutter shaft |
| CN104816028A (en) * | 2015-03-19 | 2015-08-05 | 上海应用技术学院 | Process for strengthening milling rigidity of aluminum-alloy ultrathin-blade integral impeller |
| CN105397162A (en) * | 2015-12-08 | 2016-03-16 | 西安航空动力控制科技有限公司 | High-precision complex curved surface processing method for titanium alloy material |
| CN105414576A (en) * | 2015-12-31 | 2016-03-23 | 无锡透平叶片有限公司 | Cutter for cutting machining of blade lug boss characteristics |
| CN105965077A (en) * | 2016-06-29 | 2016-09-28 | 北京动力机械研究所 | Tangential conical drum milling cutter |
| CN106216748A (en) * | 2016-08-04 | 2016-12-14 | 苏州千机智能技术有限公司 | Open type integrated impeller blade milling method |
| CN106270692A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-01-04 | 贵州永红航空机械有限责任公司 | A kind of multi-stage reducing milling cutter |
| CN108829030A (en) * | 2018-05-30 | 2018-11-16 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of feature knife rail optimization method of integral wheel blade root |
| CN109158618A (en) * | 2018-09-26 | 2019-01-08 | 贵州永红航空机械有限责任公司 | Reduce the method for overall titanium alloy impeller system part cutting surface hardening |
| CN109877396A (en) * | 2019-02-26 | 2019-06-14 | 第一拖拉机股份有限公司 | A kind of spiral bevel gear tooth top tip relief method |
| CN112658346A (en) * | 2020-12-22 | 2021-04-16 | 河北金环模具有限公司 | Operation method for machining right angle on molded surface of 3D curved surface part |
| CN114161080A (en) * | 2021-06-11 | 2022-03-11 | 贵州永红航空机械有限责任公司 | Machining method for thin-wall special-shaped pipe body parts |
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Cited By (21)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103537743B (en) * | 2013-10-05 | 2017-01-04 | 四川泛华航空仪表电器有限公司 | The method of multiaxis Surface NC Machining complex curved surface parts |
| CN103537743A (en) * | 2013-10-05 | 2014-01-29 | 成都泛华航空仪表电器有限公司 | Multi-axis curved surface type numerically-controlled method for machining complicated curved surface part |
| CN104741670A (en) * | 2013-12-30 | 2015-07-01 | 沈阳透平机械股份有限公司 | Plunge milling machining method for semi-open impeller fixed space vector cutter shaft |
| CN104439468A (en) * | 2014-11-24 | 2015-03-25 | 四川成发航空科技股份有限公司 | Milling cutter suitable for layered milling forming process of integral leaf disk structural profile |
| CN104475842A (en) * | 2014-11-24 | 2015-04-01 | 四川成发航空科技股份有限公司 | Milling method for structural molded surface of integrated blade disc |
| CN104475842B (en) * | 2014-11-24 | 2016-08-24 | 四川成发航空科技股份有限公司 | A kind of Blisk profile milling technological method for processing |
| CN104588750A (en) * | 2015-01-05 | 2015-05-06 | 上海应用技术学院 | Process method for reducing corner-cleaning milling vibration of root part of integral closed impeller |
| CN104625238A (en) * | 2015-01-14 | 2015-05-20 | 楚天科技股份有限公司 | Panel grain machining method for bottle organizing tray |
| CN104816028A (en) * | 2015-03-19 | 2015-08-05 | 上海应用技术学院 | Process for strengthening milling rigidity of aluminum-alloy ultrathin-blade integral impeller |
| CN105397162A (en) * | 2015-12-08 | 2016-03-16 | 西安航空动力控制科技有限公司 | High-precision complex curved surface processing method for titanium alloy material |
| CN105397162B (en) * | 2015-12-08 | 2017-09-22 | 西安航空动力控制科技有限公司 | Titanium alloy material high accuracy complex surface machining method |
| CN105414576A (en) * | 2015-12-31 | 2016-03-23 | 无锡透平叶片有限公司 | Cutter for cutting machining of blade lug boss characteristics |
| CN105965077A (en) * | 2016-06-29 | 2016-09-28 | 北京动力机械研究所 | Tangential conical drum milling cutter |
| CN106216748A (en) * | 2016-08-04 | 2016-12-14 | 苏州千机智能技术有限公司 | Open type integrated impeller blade milling method |
| CN106216748B (en) * | 2016-08-04 | 2018-02-09 | 苏州千机智能技术有限公司 | Open type integrated impeller blade milling method |
| CN106270692A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-01-04 | 贵州永红航空机械有限责任公司 | A kind of multi-stage reducing milling cutter |
| CN108829030A (en) * | 2018-05-30 | 2018-11-16 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of feature knife rail optimization method of integral wheel blade root |
| CN109158618A (en) * | 2018-09-26 | 2019-01-08 | 贵州永红航空机械有限责任公司 | Reduce the method for overall titanium alloy impeller system part cutting surface hardening |
| CN109877396A (en) * | 2019-02-26 | 2019-06-14 | 第一拖拉机股份有限公司 | A kind of spiral bevel gear tooth top tip relief method |
| CN112658346A (en) * | 2020-12-22 | 2021-04-16 | 河北金环模具有限公司 | Operation method for machining right angle on molded surface of 3D curved surface part |
| CN114161080A (en) * | 2021-06-11 | 2022-03-11 | 贵州永红航空机械有限责任公司 | Machining method for thin-wall special-shaped pipe body parts |
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