CN103148957B - Twin-core photonic crystal fiber-based interferometric temperature sensing method and device - Google Patents
Twin-core photonic crystal fiber-based interferometric temperature sensing method and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN103148957B CN103148957B CN201310067450.8A CN201310067450A CN103148957B CN 103148957 B CN103148957 B CN 103148957B CN 201310067450 A CN201310067450 A CN 201310067450A CN 103148957 B CN103148957 B CN 103148957B
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of optical fiber sensing, and relates to a twin-core photonic crystal fiber-based interferometric temperature sensing method and a twin-core photonic crystal fiber-based interferometric temperature sensing device. According to the method, stable interferometric fringes are formed by a twin-core photonic crystal fiber, a temperature sensitivity characteristic of the twin-core photonic crystal fiber is utilized, the interferometric fringes can translate when temperature is changed, and a linear relationship between the translation of the interferometric fringes and the temperature is calibrated so as to obtain temperature to be detected. The device comprises a laser, a precision optical fiber coupler, the twin-core photonic crystal fiber, a charge-coupled device (CCD), an image acquisition card and a computer. Light emitted by the laser is coupled by the precision optical fiber coupler, and enters the incident end of the twin-core photonic crystal fiber, and the stable interferometric fringes are formed after the light passes through the twin-core photonic crystal fiber, and are acquired by the CCD, the image acquisition card and the computer for digital image processing. The method and the device are high in interference resistance and sensitivity, and can be used for temperature measurement in the fields of machinery, petroleum, chemical industry, biology, medicine and the like.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to sensory field of optic fibre, be specifically related to the method and apparatus based on double-core photonic crystal fiber interfere type temperature sensing.
Background technology
The kind of fibre optic temperature sensor is a lot, mainly can be divided into light transmission type and sensing type.Light transmission type temperature sensor, optical fiber only plays leaded light, not as sensitive element.Sensing type temperature sensor, optical fiber is simultaneously as light-conductive media and sensitive element.In sensing type temperature sensor, based on the principle of phase place change and the optical fiber sensing of Fabry-Bo Luo principle of interference, there is stronger practicality.But the control difficulty of two Optical Fiber Transmission arms of Mach-Zehnder interference optical fiber temperature sensor is comparatively large, and very flexible, not easily microminiaturized; Fabry-Bo Luo Gan relates to fibre optic temperature sensor to be needed, at inside of optical fibre multiple reflections to produce multi interference, to require high, add the complicacy of making to end face.
In recent years, fiber grating makes sensing type fibre optic temperature sensor obtain significant progress, obtains temperature by the analysis reflection of fiber grating or the centre wavelength drift value of transmitted spectrum.But fiber-optic grating sensor is difficult to realize high temp sensitive, because fiber grating can be degenerated when high temperature.
The appearance of photonic crystal fiber brings huge change to sensory field of optic fibre, breaches the development bottleneck of sensing type fibre optic temperature sensor.Photonic crystal fiber is also called microstructured optical fibers, and in cross-sectional direction, periodically close-packed arrays the airport of wavelength magnitude.Compare traditional fiber, double-core photonic crystal fiber has many superior characteristics, birefringence, greatly mode field area etc. as humorous, high in permanent single mode transport, dispersion-tunable.Double-core photonic crystal fiber has two guide-lighting fibre cores, and it has unique superiority in Mode Coupling, polarization beam splitting, sensing etc.The interference effect of the two-beam of double-core photonic crystal fiber output terminal is adopted to produce interference fringe, when being subject to the effect of temperature, because air causes different transmission light path differences with the thermal expansivity bending difference of two fibre cores that causes different from thermo-optical coeffecient of quartz, there is different phase places at output terminal, thus cause the translation of interference fringe.Temperature sensing is realized by the translational movement analyzing interference fringe.The single core operation utilizing double-core photonic crystal fiber and the difficulty controlled can be reduced.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, be specifically related to the method and apparatus based on double-core photonic crystal fiber interfere type temperature sensing.
Method based on double-core photonic crystal fiber interfere type temperature sensing is that the intermediate stage of double-core photonic crystal fiber is bending or is coiled into fiber optic loop, and two ends are connected with accurate fiber coupler and CCD respectively.Its objective is the impact in order to eliminate cladding mode, laser is propagated in two fibre cores of double-core photonic crystal fiber, so that laser forming stable interference fringe at double-core photonic crystal fiber outgoing end face.When two fibre core bending radius are different, the phase differential between two fibre cores is non-vanishing, and therefore the subtle change of degree of crook all can cause the movement of interference fringe.An airport is there is between double-core photonic crystal fiber two fibre core, because the thermal expansivity of air is much larger than quartzy silicon, therefore when the temperature is changed, there is violent effect of expanding with heat and contract with cold in airport, cause the spacing of bending double-core photonic crystal fiber two fibre core to change, thus cause the phase differential between two fibre cores to change.When temperature rises, airport expands, and the phase difference variable between two fibre cores is large, and interference fringe can move to some directions.Otherwise in the case of a temperature drop, airport shrinks, and the phase differential between two fibre cores diminishes, and interference fringe can move in the opposite direction.Interference fringe is gathered by CCD, and is directed into computing machine through image pick-up card, and by digital image processing method, the interference fringe collected can extract the skeleton line of single pixel.Such as T
1during temperature, the pixel position of skeleton line is A
1; T
2during temperature, the pixel position of skeleton line is A
2.By calculating A
1with A
2the difference of skeleton line, can obtain the corresponding relation of temperature and skeleton line position.
Device based on double-core photonic crystal fiber interfere type temperature sensing comprises laser instrument, accurate fiber coupler, double-core photonic crystal fiber, CCD, image pick-up card, computing machine.The light that laser instrument sends is coupled into the incidence end of double-core photonic crystal fiber by accurate fiber coupler, is formed and stablizes interference fringe, carry out Digital Image Processing by CCD, image pick-up card and computer acquisition after double-core photonic crystal fiber.Laser instrument requires to export single-mode laser, and object is get rid of multi-mode laser to the impact of interference fringe, reduces the difficulty that interference fringe is differentiated.In straight short double-core photonic crystal fiber situation, a large amount of cladding modes is present in inside of optical fibre, be difficult to form interference fringe, therefore need the fibre-optical bending before being popped one's head in by optical fiber sensing or be coiled into annular, and make fiber lengths slightly long, reduce the coupling of inside of optical fibre, make laser be gathered in the fibre core inside of double-core photonic crystal fiber.And the number of turns that double-core photonic crystal fiber coils and bending radius all can adjust on demand.
The present invention adopts interference fringe skeleton line extraction method, significantly improves accuracy and the precision of measurement.Strong interference immunity of the present invention, and there is larger dirigibility, can be used for the temperature survey of machinery, oil, chemical industry, biology, medicine and other fields.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram based on double-core photonic crystal fiber interfere type temperature sensing method and device;
Fig. 2 is the cross sectional representation of double-core photonic crystal fiber;
The bending schematic diagram of the double-core photonic crystal fiber that Fig. 3 is;
Fig. 4 is the change curve that in case study on implementation, interference fringe Skeleton pixel raises with temperature;
Fig. 5 is the change curve that in case study on implementation, interference fringe Skeleton pixel reduces with temperature.
Embodiment
Be illustrated below in conjunction with the embodiment of accompanying drawing to the method and apparatus based on double-core photonic crystal fiber interfere type temperature sensing of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, the device based on double-core photonic crystal fiber interfere type temperature sensing is made up of laser instrument 1, accurate fiber coupler 2, double-core photonic crystal fiber 3, CCD4, image pick-up card 5 and computing machine 6.The laser that laser instrument 1 sends is coupled into the front end of double-core photonic crystal fiber 3 by accurate fiber coupler 2, after bending double-core photonic crystal fiber 3 conducts, interference fringe is formed in certain space after output end face, interference fringe is gathered by CCD4, and import computing machine 6 through image pick-up card 5, adopt digital image processing method to extract the skeleton line of interference fringe.By calculating the change in location of skeleton line, and then try to achieve the variable quantity of temperature in temperature field.
As shown in Figure 2, double-core photonic crystal fiber 3 is photonic crystal fibers of the two-dimensional periodic structure with two fibre cores, and host material is silicon dioxide, and its xsect is made up of, in regular hexagon four layer of air holes.The airport of fiber optic hub to be a diameter be 2.7um, two fibre cores are symmetrically located at the both sides in center air hole, and fibre core spacing is 7.35um.
After double-core photonic crystal fiber is subject to the effect of environment temperature, causes the phase differential formed between two bundle laser of interference fringe to change, thus cause the movement of interference fringe.
As shown in Figure 3, double-core photonic crystal fiber has two kinds of different bend mode.Wherein, in situation (a), two fibre core bending radius are different, and the phase differential between two fibre cores is non-vanishing, and the subtle change of degree of crook all can cause the movement of interference fringe.And in situation (b), two fibre core bending radius are identical, the phase differential between two fibre cores is zero, and the subtle change of degree of crook can not cause the movement of interference fringe.An airport is there is between two fibre cores of double-core photonic crystal fiber 3, because the thermal expansivity of air is much larger than quartzy silicon, therefore when the temperature is changed, there is violent effect of expanding with heat and contract with cold in airport, cause the spacing of two fibre cores of bending double-core photonic crystal fiber 3 to change, thus cause the phase differential between two fibre cores to change.When temperature rises, airport expands, and the phase difference variable between two fibre cores is large, and interference fringe can move to some directions.Otherwise in the case of a temperature drop, airport shrinks, and the phase differential between two fibre cores diminishes, and interference fringe can move in the opposite direction.The temperature probe of double-core photonic crystal fiber 3 is positioned in environment temperature to be measured.Start laser instrument and image acquisition and processing software, when the temperature in temperature field raises, the interference fringe collected moves towards some directions.
As shown in Figure 4, with 1 DEG C for spacing, record the translational movement of interference fringe when also accounting temperature field is from 30 DEG C to 60 DEG C.As can be seen from Figure 4, temperature is linearly relevant to the translational movement of interference fringe skeleton line, and matching show that the linearity is 98.8%, sensitivity be about-9.8 pixels/DEG C.
Change test condition and environment, when the temperature decreases, the interference fringe collected moves in the opposite direction.As shown in Figure 5, with 1 DEG C for spacing, record the translational movement of interference fringe when also accounting temperature field is from 60 DEG C to 30 DEG C.As seen from the figure, temperature is linearly relevant to the translational movement of interference fringe skeleton line, and matching show that the linearity is 99.9%, sensitivity be about 11.0 pixels/DEG C.
Below by reference to the accompanying drawings the specific embodiment of the present invention is described; but these explanations can not be understood to limit scope of the present invention; protection scope of the present invention is defined by the claims, and any change on the claims in the present invention basis is all protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. based on the method for double-core photonic crystal fiber interfere type temperature sensing, it is characterized in that: two fibre cores of double-core photonic crystal fiber can be coupled by generating period, form stable interference fringe at the exit end of photonic crystal fiber; When environment temperature changes and acts on double-core photonic crystal fiber, due to the thermal expansivity of airport with quartz and the difference of thermo-optical coeffecient, the change of double-core photonic crystal fiber structure and transport property can be caused, change the fiber core distance of double-core photonic crystal fiber, make to there is transmission light path difference between two fibre cores, change in the phase place of fiber exit end, thus cause the translation of interference fringe;
Wherein two fiber core distances of double-core photonic crystal fiber meet periodically coupling condition; Double-core photonic crystal fiber needs to carry out bending winding simultaneously, and the radius-of-curvature of two fibre cores should be different; Temperature raises, and the optical path difference of two fibre core light beams becomes large, and interference fringe can move to a certain set direction; Otherwise temperature reduces, interference fringe can translation in the opposite direction, can judge that temperature raises or reduces according to the direction of interference fringe translation.
2. the method based on double-core photonic crystal fiber interfere type temperature sensing according to claim 1, is characterized in that: obtain after interference fringe image, must through Digital Image Processing, the pixel position of interference fringe skeleton line when extracting different temperatures.
3. the method based on double-core photonic crystal fiber interfere type temperature sensing according to claim 2, is characterized in that: the linear representation being obtained temperature and interference fringe skeleton line pixel position by linear fit method.
4. based on the device of double-core photonic crystal fiber interfere type temperature sensing, comprise laser instrument, accurate fiber coupler, double-core photonic crystal fiber, CCD, image pick-up card and computing machine, the laser that laser instrument sends is coupled into the input end of double-core photonic crystal fiber by accurate fiber coupler, after double-core photonic crystal fiber transmission, CCD is inputed to by double-core photonic crystal fiber output terminal, CCD is connected to the input end of image pick-up card, the output terminal of image pick-up card is connected to computing machine, it is characterized in that:
Described laser wavelength is any wavelength within the scope of near infrared and visible light wave range;
An airport is only had between described double-core photonic crystal fiber two fibre core, two fiber core distances meet periodically coupling condition, double-core photonic crystal fiber is adopt the bending fiber optic loop be wound around, the length of double-core photonic crystal fiber can be random length, but its bending number of turns being wound around radius and coiling can adjust by demand.
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| KR102036835B1 (en) * | 2018-08-14 | 2019-10-25 | 이금석 | Temperature measurement apparatus using fiber bragg grating sensor |
| CN110927201B (en) * | 2019-12-11 | 2020-10-16 | 北京理工大学 | DIC-based thermal expansion phase change measurement method |
| CN115032737B (en) * | 2022-06-06 | 2023-04-28 | 北京航空航天大学 | Photonic crystal fiber associated imaging system and method based on wavelength modulation |
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| US7190869B2 (en) * | 2004-10-29 | 2007-03-13 | The Hong Kong Polytechnic University | Two-mode photonic crystal fiber and applications thereof |
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| CN102364313A (en) * | 2011-10-15 | 2012-02-29 | 浙江师范大学 | High-temperature sensing method based on optical fiber micro Michelson interference on spherical end face |
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Effective date of registration: 20211104 Address after: Room 1904 and 1909, No. 80, Lane 1288, Wangyuan South Road, Fengxian District, Shanghai 201499 Patentee after: Shanghai Boming Scientific Instrument Co.,Ltd. Address before: 310018 No. 2 street, Xiasha Higher Education Zone, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Patentee before: HANGZHOU DIANZI University |