CN103148646B - A kind of cold power circulating refrigerating device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a cold cycle refrigeration device, which uses a low-temperature liquid refrigerant to supplement the cooling capacity through a liquid circulation pump pressurization method, and after the temperature is raised by a recooler, it enters a cooling unit to provide cooling capacity, and the refrigerant that comes out is passed through After the throttle valve lowers the pressure and temperature, it returns to the refrigerant storage tank. In order to reduce the irreversible loss in the cooling process, a necessary number of recoolers are installed to reduce the loss of cooling energy. The invention does not need the circulating cooling water system in the traditional vapor compression refrigeration device, the maintenance and operation costs are greatly reduced, the energy saving rate of the unit with the same cooling capacity is increased by more than 30% compared with the traditional one, and the economic, social and environmental benefits are remarkable.

Description

A cold cycle refrigeration device

technical field

The invention relates to a cold cycle refrigeration device, specifically belonging to the technical field of refrigeration.

Background technique

Modern refrigeration technology, as a science, was developed in the middle and late nineteenth century. Before that, back to the ancestors of mankind, people knew the use of cold and simple artificial refrigeration very early: using the cellar as a cold storage room , has used spring water to cool storerooms for 5,000 years.

After the twentieth century, refrigeration technology has made greater development: in 1910, the domestic refrigerator came out, and in 1917 it began to be put on the market as a commodity in the United States. In 1930, the emergence of freon refrigerants and the use of freon refrigerators brought new changes to refrigeration technology. In the 1970s, people conducted a lot of research on mixed working fluids, and began to use azeotropic mixed working fluids, which opened up a new path for the development of vapor compression refrigerators. With the development of refrigeration technology today, it has expanded and penetrated into various sectors of the national economy from preserving food and adjusting the temperature of a certain space, and has a closer relationship with people's daily life:

1. Business

The commercial application of refrigeration technology is mainly for cold processing, refrigeration and refrigerated transportation of perishable foods (such as fish, meat, eggs, fruits, vegetables, etc.) Reasonable sales. The modern food industry has formed a complete cold chain from food production, storage and transportation to sales. The refrigeration devices used include cold storage, refrigerated cars, refrigerated ships, and refrigerated trains. In addition, there are commodity refrigerators for food retail stores, canteens, restaurants, etc., various cold drink equipment and various commodity display cabinets with refrigeration equipment.

2. Cooling and air conditioning

Comfortable air conditioners for daily use, such as hotels, theaters, underground subways, large public buildings, automobiles, aircraft cockpits, and offices. Air-conditioning equipment in residential buildings provides people with a suitable living and working environment, which is not only beneficial to physical and mental health, but also improves production and work efficiency.

3. Industrial production

In mechanical manufacturing, low-temperature treatment of steel (-70℃～-90℃) can change its metallographic structure, make austenite into martensite, and improve the hardness and strength of steel; during the assembly process of the machine, Low temperature can be used to facilitate interference fit. In the chemical industry, with the help of refrigeration, the gas can be liquefied, the mixed gas can be separated, and the heat of reaction in the chemical reaction can be taken away. Refrigeration is required for salt crystallization and degreasing of lubricating oil; refrigeration is required for petroleum cracking, production of synthetic rubber, synthetic resin, fuel, and fertilizer, as well as natural gas liquefaction, storage and transportation. In the iron and steel industry, the blast furnace blast needs to be dehumidified by refrigeration first, and then sent to the blast furnace to reduce the coking ratio and ensure the quality of molten iron. Generally, a large blast furnace requires thousands of kilowatts of cooling capacity.

4. Agriculture and animal husbandry

Use refrigeration to treat crop seeds at low temperature, create artificial climate chambers to raise seedlings, preserve fine seed semen for artificial breeding, etc.

5. Construction

The use of refrigeration can realize the mining of earthwork by frozen soil method. When excavating mines, tunnels, building river embankments, or excavating in mud, sand and water, the frozen soil method can be used to prevent the working face from collapsing and ensure construction safety. When mixing concrete, use ice instead of water, and use the melting heat of ice to compensate the solidification reaction heat of cement, so that large-scale single-column concrete components can be produced, which can effectively avoid internal stress and cracks caused by large-scale components due to insufficient heat dissipation and other defects.

6. Defense industry

The performance of conventional weapons such as engines, automobiles, tanks, and cannons working under extreme cold conditions requires environmental simulation experiments; the control instruments in aviation instruments, rockets, and missiles also need to simulate high-altitude and low-temperature conditions on the ground for performance experiments, all of which require refrigeration. Provide the environmental conditions for the experiment. The control of atomic power reactors also requires refrigeration.

7. Medical and health care

Cryosurgery, such as heart, surgery, tumor, cataract, tonsillectomy, skin and eye transplantation and cryogenic anesthesia, all require refrigeration technology. In addition to low-temperature preservation of vaccines and medicines, blood and skin are also preserved by freeze-drying in medicine.

In addition, refrigeration technology also has important applications in cutting-edge scientific fields such as microelectronics technology, energy, new raw materials, space development, and biotechnology.

Various refrigeration methods can be summarized into two categories: cooling by inputting work and cooling by inputting heat. Vapor compression refrigeration and thermoelectric refrigeration belong to input work refrigeration, and absorption refrigeration, steam injection refrigeration, and adsorption refrigeration belong to input heat to achieve refrigeration.

The research content of traditional refrigeration technology can be summarized into the following three aspects:

1) Study the method of obtaining low temperature and the related mechanism and the corresponding refrigeration cycle, and conduct thermodynamic analysis and calculation of the refrigeration cycle.

2) Study the properties of the refrigerant, so as to provide a working fluid with satisfactory performance for the refrigerator. Mechanical refrigeration can only be realized through the change of the thermodynamic state of the refrigerant, so the thermophysical properties of the refrigerant are the basis for cycle analysis and calculation. In addition, in order for refrigerants to be used in practice, their general physical and chemical properties must also be mastered.

3) Study various mechanical and technical equipment necessary to realize the refrigeration cycle, their working principle, performance analysis, structural design calculation, process organization and system matching calculation of various refrigeration devices. In addition, there are thermal insulation issues, automation of refrigeration equipment, and so on.

The first two aspects above constitute the theoretical basis of refrigeration, that is, the research content of traditional refrigeration principles, and the third aspect involves specific machines, equipment and devices.

The main basis of the traditional refrigeration theory is thermodynamics, that is, the Carnot reverse cycle with the same temperature difference is used to analyze the refrigeration cycle process. The economic index of the refrigeration cycle is the refrigeration coefficient, which is the ratio of the income obtained to the cost of the consumption, and the ambient temperature T For all refrigeration cycles between ₀ and T _C low-temperature heat sources (such as cold storage), the refrigeration coefficient of the reverse Carnot cycle is the highest:

${\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&epsiv;</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; c</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>{<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; COP</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; R</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; C</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\frac{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; q</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}}{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; w</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 0</span>}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\frac{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; T</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; c</span>}}}{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; T</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 0</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; T</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; c</span>}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>$

In the above formula, ε _c is the refrigeration coefficient, q ₂ is the cooling capacity of the cycle, and w ₀ is the net work consumed by the cycle.

In fact, in Carnot's paper "Insights on Thermodynamics", he concluded that: "Of all heat engines working between two constant temperature heat sources at different temperatures, the efficiency of the reversible heat engine is the highest." That is to say, Later generations call it Carnot's theorem. According to the ideal gas state equation, the thermal efficiency of the Carnot cycle is:

${\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&eta;</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; c</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>\frac{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; T</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}}{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; T</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>$

The temperature T ₁ of the high-temperature heat source and the temperature T ₂ of the low-temperature heat source in formula (2) are both higher than the ambient temperature T ₀ of the atmosphere, and the following important conclusions can be drawn:

1) The thermal efficiency of the Carnot cycle is only determined by the temperature of the high-temperature heat source and the low-temperature heat source, that is, the temperature when the working medium absorbs heat and releases heat. Increasing T ₁ and T ₂ can improve thermal efficiency.

2) The thermal efficiency of the Carnot cycle can only be less than 1, and must not be equal to 1, because neither T ₁ =∞ nor T ₂ =0 can be realized. That is to say, in a cycle engine, even under ideal conditions, it is impossible to convert all heat energy into mechanical energy, and it is certainly impossible for the thermal efficiency to be greater than 1.

3) When T ₁ =T ₂ , the thermal efficiency of the cycle is equal to 0, which shows that in a temperature-balanced system, heat energy cannot be converted into mechanical energy, and the power generated by heat energy must have a temperature difference as a thermodynamic condition, thus verifying the use of a single heat source A machine that does work continuously cannot be manufactured, or the second type of perpetual motion machine does not exist.

4) The Carnot cycle and its thermal efficiency formula are of great significance in the development of thermodynamics. First of all, it laid the theoretical foundation for the second law of thermodynamics; secondly, the study of the Carnot cycle pointed out the direction for improving the thermal efficiency of various thermodynamic engines, and it is possible to increase the endothermic temperature of the working medium and reduce the exothermic temperature of the working medium as much as possible , so that the exotherm takes place near the lowest naturally obtainable temperature, that is, atmospheric temperature. The method proposed in the Carnot cycle to use adiabatic compression to increase the gas absorption temperature is still commonly used in thermodynamic engines using gas as the working medium.

5) The limit point of the Carnot cycle is the atmospheric ambient temperature, and the Carnot cycle does not give a clear answer to the refrigeration process cycle below the ambient temperature.

Due to the imperfection of the refrigeration coefficient, many scholars at home and abroad have studied it and put forward suggestions for improvement. In "Research on Energy Efficiency Standards of Refrigeration and Heat Pump Products and Analysis of Cycle Thermodynamics Perfection", Ma Yitai combined Curzon and Ahlborn to introduce the irreversible process of heat transfer with temperature difference into the analysis of thermodynamic cycles, and the finite time thermodynamics created thereby. Inspired by the CA cycle efficiency, the thermodynamic perfection of the CA positive cycle was proposed, which made a certain degree of progress in the energy efficiency research of refrigeration and heat pump products.

However, using the basic theory of thermodynamics cannot give a concise, clear and intuitive explanation to the refrigeration cycle. Einstein once commented on classical thermodynamics: "The simpler the premise of a theory, the more things it involves, and the wider its scope of application, the more impressive it will be to people." Theoretical explanations in the field of refrigeration , should also inherit and carry forward this advantage.

Therefore, how to study the refrigeration cycle, truly find the theoretical basis of the refrigeration cycle, and propose a new refrigeration cycle device based on this theory to be applied in practice and effectively reduce energy consumption has become a difficult point in the field of refrigeration technology research.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to solve the incompleteness of Carnot's theorem applied to refrigeration equipment and refrigeration cycle theory analysis, to propose a new refrigeration theory corresponding to thermodynamic theory, that is, cold dynamics theory, which is called cold dynamics theory for the environment lower than the ambient temperature of the atmosphere. The cold source is relative to the heat source higher than the ambient temperature; corresponding to heat energy and heat, the corresponding concepts of cold energy and cold quantity are proposed. The refrigeration device refers to the consumption of mechanical work to realize the transfer of cold energy from the atmospheric environment to a low-temperature cold source or from a low-temperature cold source to a lower-temperature cold source. When realizing the conversion of cold energy, certain substances are required as the working substance of the refrigeration device, which is called the refrigerant. The refrigerant refers to a single-component low-boiling refrigerant with a boiling point of less than -10°C under standard conditions, or a mixture of low-boiling refrigerants with a boiling point of less than -10°C under standard conditions as the main refrigerant. Refrigeration medium.

The transfer of cold energy in the refrigeration process follows the law of energy conversion and conservation.

In order to describe the direction, conditions and limits of cold energy transfer in the refrigeration process, the second law of cold dynamics is proposed: the essence of the second law of cold dynamics is the same as that of the second law of thermodynamics, and it also follows the "principle of energy and mass decay". That is to say, different forms of cold energy have "qualitative" differences in their ability to convert into energy; even the same form of cold energy has different conversion capabilities when they exist in different states. The actual process of all cold energy transfer is always in the direction of energy quality decline, and all cold energy will always be spontaneously converted to the atmospheric environment. The process of improving the energy quality of cold energy cannot be carried out automatically and independently. One process of energy quality improvement must be accompanied by another process of energy quality decline. This process of energy quality decline is the process of realizing energy quality improvement The necessary compensation condition is to promote the realization of the process of energy quality improvement at the cost of energy quality decline and as compensation. In the actual process, the process of decreasing energy quality as a price must be sufficient to compensate for the process of increasing energy quality, so as to satisfy the general law that the total energy quality must decrease. Therefore, under certain compensation conditions for energy quality decline, the process of energy quality improvement must have a maximum theoretical limit. This theoretical limit can only be reached under perfectly reversible ideal conditions. At this time, the increase in energy quality is exactly equal to the compensation value for the decrease in energy quality, so that the total energy quality remains unchanged. It can be seen that the reversible process is a purely idealized energy-mass conservation process; the total energy-mass must decrease in the irreversible process; in any case, it is impossible to realize the process of increasing the total energy-mass of an isolated system. This is the physical connotation of the principle of energy-mass decay, the essence of the second law of cold dynamics, and the essence of the second law of thermodynamics. It reveals the objective laws of the direction, conditions and limits of the process that all macroscopic processes must follow.

The basic formula describing the second law of cold dynamics is:

${\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&eta;</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; c</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>\frac{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; T</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; c</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}}{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; T</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; c</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>$

In the formula (3), Tc2<Tc1<To, and To is the ambient temperature, both in Kelvin scale.

Relative to the ambient temperature To, the maximum cooling efficiency of the cold source under Tc1 and Tc2 is:

${\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&eta;</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; c</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>\frac{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; T</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; c</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}}{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; T</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 0</span>}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 4</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>$

${\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&eta;</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; c</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>\frac{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; T</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; c</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}}{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; T</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 0</span>}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 5</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>$

Assuming that q ₂ is the cooling capacity of the cycle, and w ₀ is the net work consumed by the cycle, then when the temperature of the cold source is Tc1:

${\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; w</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 0</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>\frac{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; T</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; c</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}}{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; T</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 0</span>}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; q</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 6</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>$

Similarly, when the cold source temperature is Tc2:

${\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; w</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 0</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>\frac{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; T</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; c</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}}{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; T</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 0</span>}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; q</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 7</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>$

From the formulas (4) to (7), it is not difficult to see that the efficiency of cold mechanics is between 0 and 1. Due to the inevitable irreversibility in the actual process, the efficiency of the refrigeration cycle is less than 1; when the ambient temperature To is determined, the cooling source The lower the temperature, the more cooling capacity can be obtained with the same work input, which points out the direction for the construction of a new refrigeration cycle.

It should be noted:

(1) The cooling capacity is spontaneously transferred from the low-temperature cold source to the ambient temperature;

(2) It is impossible to transfer cold energy from a low-temperature cold source to a lower cold source without causing other changes;

(3) When the cold energy is transferred from the low-temperature cold source to the environment, the amount of work exchanged with the outside world is w ₀ , which includes the useless work done to the environment p ₀ (V ₀ -V _c ), p ₀ is the atmospheric pressure, and Vo is The volume at ambient temperature, Vc is the volume at the temperature of the cold source, and the maximum reversible useful work that can be done is:

${<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; W</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; u</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; max</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; W</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 0</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; p</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 0</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; V</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 0</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; V</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; c</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Tc</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; To</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Q</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 0</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; p</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 0</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; V</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 0</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; V</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; c</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>$

(4) When the cold energy is transferred from the low-temperature cold source to the environment, the useless energy transferred to the environment is:

The useless work transferred to the environment is: p ₀ (V ₀ -V _c )

Useful energy corresponding to heat" ", the useless energy "Jin", understands heat and cold, water and fire, and the useful energy of cold is named "cold ripple", and the useless energy transferred from cold to the environment is called "cold 浕", ""浕" is pronounced as "Jian".

(5) When the cold energy is transferred to the ambient temperature, the best type of external work is a thermoelectric generator using the Seebeck effect, that is, a cold generator;

(6) Energy in cold mechanics must and must conform to the law of energy transformation and conservation;

(7) By referring to the idea of finite-time thermodynamics, the basic theory of finite-time cold mechanics can be developed;

(8) The grade of cold capacity cannot be evaluated in isolation from the environment.

From the above theoretical basis, it can be seen that the hypothetical cold mechanics has a theoretical framework system that is symmetrical to thermodynamics, which is in line with the basic principles of scientific aesthetics, that is, opposites complement each other and the principle of symmetry.

Based on the above basic principles, the present invention proposes a refrigeration method and device different from the traditional refrigeration cycle.

The object of the present invention is achieved by the following measures:

A cold cycle refrigeration device, characterized in that:

The liquid refrigerant 2 from the refrigerant storage tank 1 is pressurized by the liquid circulation pump 3, and the refrigerant 5 from the cooling unit 4 enters the refrigerant storage tank 1 after being throttled by the throttle valve 6, thereby forming Refrigerant refrigerant circulation circuit.

The refrigerant is the refrigerant, which refers to a single-component low-boiling refrigerant with a boiling point of less than -10°C under standard conditions, or a low-boiling refrigerant with a boiling point of less than -10°C under standard conditions. mixed refrigerant.

There is a recooler 7: the liquid refrigerant 2 from the refrigerant storage tank 1 is pressurized by the liquid circulation pump 3, and then the refrigerant 5 from the recooler 7, the cooling unit 4, and the recooler 7, After throttling by the throttle valve 6, it enters the refrigerant storage tank 1, thereby forming a cold cycle circuit of the refrigerant.

Throttle valve 8, recooler 9, recooler 10, recooler 11, throttle valve 12: the liquid refrigerant 2 from the refrigerant storage tank 1 passes through the liquid circulation pump 3, and the recooler After 11, the flow is divided, and the refrigerant flowing out of one path returns to the refrigerant storage tank 1 through the throttle valve 8, the recooler 9, the recooler 10, the recooler 11, and the throttle valve 12, and the other refrigerant flows through the return The cooler 10, the cooling unit 4, the recooler 9, and the throttle valve 6 return to the refrigerant storage tank 1, thereby forming a refrigerant cycle loop.

Throttle valve 8, recooler 9, recooler 10, recooler 11, throttle valve 12: the liquid refrigerant 2 from the refrigerant storage tank 1 passes through the liquid circulation pump 3, and the recooler After 11, the flow is divided, and the refrigerant flowing out of one path returns to the refrigerant storage tank 1 through the throttle valve 8, the recooler 9, the recooler 10, the recooler 11, and the throttle valve 12, and the other refrigerant flows through the return The cooler 10, the recooler 7, the cooling unit 4, the recooler 7, the recooler 9, and the throttling valve 6 return to the refrigerant storage tank 1, thereby forming a refrigerant cycle loop.

The cooling unit 4 includes but not limited to air conditioners, refrigerators and other cooling equipment.

The recooler 7, recooler 9, recooler 10, and recooler 11 are the so-called regenerators and heat exchangers in the traditional refrigeration cycle. Its structure is the same or similar to that of shell-and-tube heat exchangers, plate-fin heat exchangers, and micro-channel heat exchangers in traditional refrigeration cycles.

The refrigerant storage tank 1 adopts heat insulation and cold insulation measures, such as heat insulation and cold insulation materials such as vacuum containers and pearl sand.

Equipment not described in the present invention and its backup system, pipelines, instruments, valves, cold insulation, bypass facilities with regulating functions, etc. are matched with well-known mature technologies in traditional refrigeration cycles.

The device of the present invention is also applicable to open-type cold refrigeration systems: that is, the refrigerant depressurized and cooled by the throttle valve 6 or the throttle valve 12 is externally supplied to other cooling units, and the same quality and quantity are added to the refrigerant storage tank. The refrigerant, thus forming the energy-mass balance of the refrigerant.

Equipped with safety and control facilities matched with the refrigeration cycle device of the present invention, the device can operate economically, safely and with high thermal efficiency, and achieve the goals of energy saving, consumption reduction and environmental protection.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

1. Significant energy-saving effect: replace the vapor compression refrigeration unit in the traditional refrigeration cycle, use the liquid’s close to incompressible fluid properties, use a low-temperature liquid circulation pump for pressurization instead, and combine the second law of cold mechanics to effectively improve the refrigeration cycle. Compared with traditional refrigeration equipment, the energy saving rate of the same cooling capacity can reach more than 30%.

2. There is no need for the condenser and its supporting cooling water system in the traditional vapor compression refrigeration cycle, the process setting is more concise, and it is more in line with the principle of energy saving and environmental protection.

3. The recooler can be sealed in a device, reducing the cooling loss.

4. The maintenance workload of the equipment is greatly reduced compared with the traditional refrigeration cycle, and the oil-free lubrication technology can be easily adopted to eliminate the deterioration of the lubricating oil of the traditional steam compressor and the impact on the refrigeration cycle, and the maintenance and operation costs are reduced. many.

5. Heat transfer enhancement: Compared with the traditional refrigeration cycle technology, it is more convenient to use enhanced cold transfer elements, and the refrigeration equipment and its refrigeration efficiency are more compact and efficient. .

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of a cold cycle refrigeration device of the present invention.

In Figure 1: 1-refrigerant storage tank, 2-liquid refrigerant, 3-liquid circulation pump, 4-cooling unit, 5-refrigerant, 6-throttle valve, 7-refrigerator, 8-throttling Valve, 9-regenerator, 10-regenerator, 11-regenerator, 12-throttle valve.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Example 1:

As shown in Figure 1, a cold cycle refrigeration device, the refrigerant adopts liquid nitrogen, the specific examples are as follows:

The liquid refrigerant 2 coming out of the refrigerant storage tank 1 is divided after passing through the liquid circulation pump 3 and the sub-refrigerator 11, and the refrigerant flowing out of it passes through the throttling valve 8, the sub-cooler 9 and the sub-refrigerator 10 , recooler 11, throttling valve 12 return to the refrigerant storage tank 1, and another way of refrigerant passes through recooler 10, recooler 7, cooling unit 4, recooler 7, recooler 9, throttle valve 6 to return to the refrigerant storage tank 1, thereby forming a refrigeration cycle of the refrigerant.

The recooler 7, recooler 9, recooler 10, and recooler 11 adopt traditional plate-fin heat exchangers or micro-channel heat exchangers; the refrigerant storage tank 1 adopts an insulated vacuum container , Pearlescent sand is used as heat insulation and cold insulation material.

Equipment not described in the present invention and its backup system, pipelines, instruments, valves, cold insulation, bypass facilities with regulating functions, etc. are matched with well-known mature technologies in traditional refrigeration cycles.

Equipped with safety and control facilities matched with the refrigeration cycle device of the present invention, the device can operate economically, safely and with high thermal efficiency, and achieve the goals of energy saving, consumption reduction and environmental protection.

Although the present invention has been disclosed above with preferred embodiments, they are not intended to limit the present invention, and any skilled person can make various changes or modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be defined by the claims of the present application.

Claims (6)

1. A cold cycle refrigeration device, characterized in that: The cold cycle refers to the liquid refrigerant (2) coming out of the refrigerant storage tank (1), after being pressurized by the liquid circulation pump (3), the refrigerant (5) coming out of the cooling unit (4) ), enters the refrigerant storage tank (1) after throttling by the first throttle valve (6), thereby forming a cold cycle circuit of the refrigerant; The above-mentioned refrigerant (2) is a refrigerant, which refers to a single-component low-boiling refrigerant with a boiling point of less than -10°C under standard conditions, or a low-boiling refrigerant with a boiling point of less than -10°C under standard conditions. Quality-based mixed refrigerant. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that: There is a first recooler (7): the liquid refrigerant (2) coming out of the refrigerant storage tank (1) is pressurized by the liquid circulation pump (3), then passes through the first recooler (7), The refrigerant (5) from the cold unit (4) and the first recooler (7) enters the refrigerant storage tank (1) after being throttled by the first throttle valve (6), thereby forming a cooling power cycle. 3. The device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: There are a second throttle valve (8), a second recooler (9), a third recooler (10), a fourth recooler (11), and a third throttle valve (12): from the refrigerant The liquid refrigerant (2) from the storage tank (1) is divided after passing through the liquid circulation pump (3) and the fourth recooler (11), and one of the refrigerants passes through the second throttle valve (8), the second The recooler (9), the third recooler (10), the fourth recooler (11), and the third throttle valve (12) return to the refrigerant storage tank (1), and the other refrigerant goes through the third circuit The cooler (10), the cooling unit (4), the second recooler (9), and the first throttle valve (6) return to the refrigerant storage tank (1), thereby forming a refrigerant cycle circuit. 4. The device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The liquid refrigerant (2) from the refrigerant storage tank (1) is divided after passing through the liquid circulation pump (3) and the fourth recooler (11), and one of the refrigerants passes through the second throttling valve (8) , the second recooler (9), the third recooler (10), the fourth recooler (11), and the third throttling valve (12) return to the refrigerant storage tank (1), and the other refrigerant passes through The third recooler (10), the first recooler (7), the cooling unit (4), the first recooler (7), the second recooler (9), the first throttle valve (6 ) to return to the refrigerant storage tank (1), thereby forming a cold cycle circuit of the refrigerant. 5. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The device described above is also applicable to open refrigeration systems: that is, the refrigerant depressurized and cooled by the first throttle valve (6) or the third throttle valve (12) is externally used for other cooling units, and is supplied to the refrigerant storage unit. The tank (1) supplements the refrigerant with the same composition and quality, so as to form the energy-mass balance of the refrigerant. 6. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The device described above is also applicable to open refrigeration systems: that is, the refrigerant depressurized and cooled by the first throttling valve (6) is externally used for other cooling units, and the refrigerant storage tank (1) is replenished with the same composition and quality The refrigerant, thus forming the energy-mass balance of the refrigerant.