CN103144526A - Hybrid power vehicle using composite power supply power system - Google Patents
Hybrid power vehicle using composite power supply power system Download PDFInfo
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- CN103144526A CN103144526A CN2013100647178A CN201310064717A CN103144526A CN 103144526 A CN103144526 A CN 103144526A CN 2013100647178 A CN2013100647178 A CN 2013100647178A CN 201310064717 A CN201310064717 A CN 201310064717A CN 103144526 A CN103144526 A CN 103144526A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/40—Application of hydrogen technology to transportation, e.g. using fuel cells
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of hybrid power vehicles, and in particular relates to a hybrid power vehicle using a power battery-ultracapacitor module composite power supply power system. The power system consists of a composite power supply system, an electric motor and an engine; the composite power supply system consists of an ultracapacitor module, a power battery, a power converter and a power supply control system; the power converter is connected with the ultracapacitor module and the power battery by adopting a direct current-direct current conversion principle to realize energy transfer between the ultracapacitor module and the power battery; the composite power supply system is connected with the electric motor through a direct current(DC)/alternating current (AC) module; the ultracapacitor module is formed by connecting 100 to 200 ultracapacitor single bodies in series; and the power supply control system adopts a sensor to acquire various state quantity at present through a controller area network (CAN) bus transmission signal and transmits the acquired values to a control unit to process, and the control unit provides a hybrid power solution for the vehicle according to different acquired values and the requirement of the whole vehicle.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the Development of HEV Technology field, be specifically related to a kind of hybrid vehicle that uses dynamics battery-super capacitance module composite power source power system.
Background technology
World today energy problem highlights day by day, and people seeking various solutions, tap a new source of energy, improve energy utilization rate.The hybrid electric vehicle industry is in the ascendant, and it has energy-saving and environmental protection and the characteristics such as efficient, is paid close attention to widely and pays much attention to.Power system wherein is the core of hybrid vehicle, improve power system capacity usage ratio, extend its service life, energy-conserving and environment-protective, our core focus of paying close attention to just.
The existing hybrid vehicle of China and corresponding scheme have generally been taked the method for pure battery or pure capacitance stores electric energy.When vehicle travels in the city, can start continually, accelerate and brake, when startup and acceleration, driving engine can require a lot of energy moment, and battery need to provide large electric current at this moment, can cause like this damage of battery, shortens its service life.When Jake brake, conventional batteries is recuperated energy effectively, and a large amount of braking energys is by the brake facing friction, produces heat and runs off.
Although super capacitor itself can receive and discharge large electric current moment, due to its lower energy density, can not satisfy large capacity power storage.
Also someone proposes to use simultaneously the energy storage mode of super capacitor and electrokinetic cell: short distance is used super capacitor, long-distance use electrokinetic cell.This method has larger shortcoming equally, and electric energy still can't take full advantage of, and electrokinetic cell also can produce when brake starts in long-distance use and damage.
Usually all use at present in addition the DC/DC energy conversion module, but this high power module price is very expensive, and the Control system resolution requirement is very high, easily causes the system failure.
Aspect existing theory and technology, application number is that 201210160441.9 patent of invention " auto idle speed start stop system and composite power source " has provided a kind of idling start-stop-hybrid power system, this system is when automotive operation and braking, and the mode that reclaims electric energy by electric power generation, super capacitor reclaims electric energy.This scheme actv. reclaims energy unnecessary in the vehicle operating process, plays the effect of energy-saving and emission-reduction.But its scheme is charged to super capacitor with electrokinetic cell when automobile stops, the over discharge that easily causes electrokinetic cell, shorten the service life of electrokinetic cell, and the energy output when automobile runs into climbing descending highway section does not consider there is no comprehensively to consider energy utilization and the recovering state of vehicle with input.
application number is that 200810057390.0 patent of invention " a kind of dynamics battery-super capacitance mixed dynamic system of used for electric vehicle " has provided a kind of dynamics battery-super capacitance mixed dynamic system that has, this system adopts and in parallelly with super capacitor after electrokinetic cell series boosting DC/DC changer provides power for motor, two-way DC/DC changer and 24V electrokinetic cell have been increased simultaneously, this method can absorb certain feedback braking energy, but the electric weight of super capacitor group is not specifically described, can not guarantee that can vehicle obtain enough energy under various road conditions from super capacitor, and the too much release electric energy scheme of electric weight in super capacitor do not proposed.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to propose a kind of application and formed the hybrid vehicle of composite power source power system by super capacitor module and electrokinetic cell, have energy-saving and environmental protection, the advantage such as durable.
Being comprised of hybrid power system, motor and driving engine of hybrid power automobile power system of the present invention, described hybrid power system is comprised of super capacitor module, electrokinetic cell, power converter and power control system.Power converter uses the DC-to-DC transfer principle, connects super capacitor module and electrokinetic cell, realizes the transfer of energy between super capacitor module and electrokinetic cell; Hybrid power system is joined by DC/AC module and motor, the DC/AC module is converted to the alternating current that can make machine operation with the direct current (DC) that hybrid power system produces, this moment, motor was in electric model, the alternating current that perhaps motor is produced is converted to direct current (DC), be super capacitor module or power battery charging, this moment, motor was in power generation mode.
The super capacitor module is by 100～200 super capacitor monomer series-connected compositions.Super capacitor uses the physical method storage of electrical energy, stores often, and the life-span is long, also has outstanding physical property in the time of subzero 40 degrees centigrade, can work under cold snap.Described driving engine can be gasoline engine, can be also the multiple different driving engines such as diesel engine.Described motor can be switched reluctance machines, can be also permagnetic synchronous motor.
The topological structure of power control system such as accompanying drawing 6, by CAN bus transfer signal, use sensor to gather the current various quantity of states of automobile, and the collection value is sent to control unit process, control unit is according to different collection values and car load demand, the information about power of judgement super capacitor and electrokinetic cell sends instruction by relay, for vehicle provides the hybrid power solution.
The present invention proposes a kind of new scheme, uses super capacitor as the pulse current storage tool, uses the long-time storage of electrical energy of electrokinetic cell.Effectively utilize the energy of the frequent braking of vehicle in the city and idling loss, and the potential variation during ascents and descents, the oil consumption of vehicle reduced, energy-conserving and environment-protective.
The technical solution used in the present invention is: the motor of hybrid vehicle is connected with power-transfer clutch, change speed gear box by transmission shaft, with the main reduction gear of driving engine coaxial drive wheel, drives together Vehicle Driving Cycle.
When vehicle launch, power control system disconnection electrokinetic cell is connected with the DC/AC module, motor is electric motor mode, power control system is controlled the work of super capacitor module, from the electric current of super capacitor module after the DC/AC module converts is for alternating current for motor provides starting current, thereby start vehicle.When vehicle power was not enough, power control system was controlled motor and is provided power-assisted for automobile.Starting current can be provided to provide 3 times the capacity of super capacitor module of the present invention, has increased the startup stability of vehicle.
After vehicle launch, power control system makes electrokinetic cell be connected with the DC/AC module, passes through the DC/AC module to the motor continued power by electrokinetic cell, after reaching certain speed of a motor vehicle, accesses driving engine by power-transfer clutch, and start the engine.
Vehicle sends electric capacity and electrokinetic cell data to control unit by the various sensors in power control system when running state; Power control system is controlled the state of composite power source, through experiment test, need to remain the electric capacity electric weight in more than 1/3 of total volume, can guarantee that like this electric capacity has the energy of normal startup vehicle.When super capacitor module electric weight was not enough, under the effect of power control system, the engine drive motor produced electric energy and be stored in the super capacitor module after the DC/AC module converts, or is directly charged to the super capacitor module by electrokinetic cell, as accompanying drawing 4.When electric energy in the super capacitor module reaches 2/3 when above of total volume; sensor sends the data that gather to control unit; control unit is controlled the super capacitor module delivery of electrical energy of storing is bled off unnecessary electric weight to electrokinetic cell or by the discharge circuit in parallel with the super capacitor module; until in the super capacitor module, electric weight is 2/3 of total volume, with the protection hybrid power system.
When needs are braked, power-transfer clutch disconnects contacting of driving engine and transmission shaft, transmission shaft connects motor and main reduction gear, power control system is controlled the super capacitor module and is stopped power supply, and main reduction gear rotates by the transmission shaft drive motor, is connected because rotor and transmission shaft are coaxial, the transmission shaft rotor driven rotates, thereby generating generation current, electric current are transferred to the place's storage of super capacitor module through the DC/AC module converts.And wheel generates electricity due to drive motor, makes mechanical energy be converted into electric energy, and mechanical energy reduces, and rotating speed reduces, and realizes car brakeing.
When vehicle driving up, power control system controls electrokinetic cell or the super capacitor module is the motor power supply, for driving engine provides power-assisted; When the vehicle descending, vehicle need the braking, motor as mentioned above method play brake action and the generating, with power storage to the super capacitor module.
Preceence of the present invention: in urban traffic situation, vehicle starts frequently and brakes, and because the super capacitor module has the very fast speed that discharges and recharges, can bear instantaneous peak value and discharge and recharge load.And the super capacitor module has outstanding physical property, and its charge discharge efficiency is in 99% left and right, and cycle number can reach several 100,000 times, thereby has improved energy utilization efficiency and the service life of whole power system.After having installed hybrid power system additional, vehicle can adopt more low power driving engine can obtain power before, and fuel saving ratio is about 25%.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1: Ni-MH battery is as the application schematic diagram of electrokinetic cell on mixed power car;
Fig. 2: lead-acid battery is as the application schematic diagram of electrokinetic cell on mixed power car;
Fig. 3: lithium ion battery is as the application schematic diagram of electrokinetic cell on mixed power car;
Fig. 4: the topology theory figure of composite power source charge-discharge circuit;
Fig. 5: composite power source and DC/AC module annexation circuit diagram;
Fig. 6: the topology theory figure of power control system.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, use the structure of the hybrid vehicle of hybrid power system to comprise Ni-MH battery 1, super capacitor module 2, driving engine 3, DC/AC module 4, change speed gear box 5, power-transfer clutch 6, motor 7, power converter 8.
Wherein super capacitor module 2 is composed in series by 150 super capacitor monomers (as 2.7V, the 3000F super capacitor monomer of U.S. Maxwell company production), and the module specification is 405V, 20F.Driving engine 3 adopts gasoline engine, also can use diesel engine.Motor 7 is switched reluctance machines or permagnetic synchronous motor.Ni-MH battery 1 used is the metal hydride nickel power battery, and its specification is 336V, 40Ah.
Specifically, when automobile starting, motor is electric motor mode, under the effect of power control system, disconnection electrokinetic cell 1 is connected with DC/AC's, and super capacitor module 2 connects motor 7 by the DC/AC module, and makes starting current of super capacitor module 2 outputs, electric current is that alternating current is motor 7 power supplies through the DC/AC module converts, makes motor 7 work.Motor 7 connection for transmission axles, the main reduction gear of transmission shaft connecting engine 3 and wheel, thus start vehicle.
After vehicle launch, under the effect of power control system, disconnect the connection that super capacitor module 2 is connected with motor, by Ni-MH battery 1 to motor 7 continued powers, the speed of a motor vehicle greater than 5km/h after, access driving engine 3 by power-transfer clutch, and start the engine 3, complete the startup of automobile, said process has realized that super capacitor module and electrokinetic cell are the motor power supply, and auxiliary engine promotes Vehicle Driving Cycle.
In the process of the normal operation of vehicle, Ni-MH battery 7 is directly motor 7 power supplies by the DC/AC module, for motor provides sufficient power, guarantees that automobile normally moves.
When causing under power in the situations such as automobile climbing or heavy duty, Ni-MH battery 1 is the motor power supply, this moment, the switching by power-transfer clutch was connected with driving engine motor by transmission shaft, motor provides enough high pulling torques for driving engine, thereby realizes that power control system control motor 7 provides power-assisted for automobile.
Vehicle is when normal operating condition, control the state of composite power source by control unit, electric weight in Real Time Monitoring Ni-MH battery 1 and super capacitor module 2, in both in the situation of electric weight deficiency, motor is become generator mode, by the driven by engine electric power generation, with electrical power storage in Ni-MH battery 1 and super capacitor module 2.
When vehicle need to be braked, motor is generator mode, vehicular transmission shaft connects motor 7 and main reduction gear, and power control system control super capacitor module 2 is stopped power supply when braking mode, and switch motor 7 circuit, wheel rotates by transmission shaft drive motor 7 like this, because motor 7 rotors are connected with transmission shaft is coaxial, the transmission shaft rotor driven rotates, thus the generating generation current, electric current is transferred to the 2 places storage of super capacitor module through the DC/AC module converts.And wheel generates electricity due to drive motor, makes mechanical energy be converted into electric energy, and mechanical energy reduces, and rotating speed reduces, and realizes car brakeing.
Through experiment test, need to remain that the interior electric weight of super capacitor module 2 in more than 1/3 of total volume, can guarantee that like this super capacitor module 2 has the energy of normal startup vehicle.Super capacitor module 2 electric weight are when not enough, and the stored energy that is reclaimed by motor 7 places is at super capacitor module 2 places, or by Ni-MH battery 1 directly to 2 chargings of super capacitor module.When the electric weight in super capacitor module 2 reaches 2/3 when above of total volume; control super capacitor module 2 with the delivery of electrical energy of storage to Ni-MH battery 1; until the interior electric weight of super capacitor module 2 returns to 2/3 of total volume; after Ni-MH battery 1 storage reaches the upper limit; electric energy is supplied with the motor operation or is directly discharged, with the protection hybrid power system.In hybrid power system, it is high-power that the power division principle of super capacitor module and Ni-MH battery is that super capacitor module 2 absorbs or discharges, and Ni-MH battery 1 output or accept stable power.And when vehicle needed power-assisted, motor 7 was in electric model, and the electric current that Ni-MH battery 1 provides is that alternating current is motor 7 power supplies through the DC/AC module converts.Motor 7 connection for transmission axles, transmission shaft connecting engine 3 and wheel have increased the power of vehicle.
the charge and discharge process of whole composite power source as shown in Figure 4, in whole circuit, the super capacitor module is by impacting electric capacity 10, and discharging resistance protection 11, shield by impacting electric capacity 10 when feedback voltage is excessive, electric weight is too much in the super capacitor module, and in the situation that can not be utilized, power control system control the super capacitor module with the delivery of electrical energy of storage to electrokinetic cell or pass through discharging resistance 11, electric weight is discharged, not breakdown with protection super capacitor module, above two components and parts have guaranteed that the super capacitor module is in the process that discharges and recharges, not damaged.
Embodiment 2
As shown in Figure 2, the key distinction of Fig. 2 and Fig. 1 is electrokinetic cell by lead-acid battery 21 replacement Ni-MH batteries 1, and so far, China is the producing country of whole world plumbic acid electrokinetic cell maximum, China is in the application of battery of electric vehicle, adopt the quantity of lead-acid power accumulator maximum, cost is low than electrokinetic cell, the lead-acid battery memory-less effect, environmental pollution is little, its comparison of ingredients that contains pollution is few, and returnability is good, has at present more widely to use.Its control policy is identical with the control policy of embodiment 1.
As shown in Figure 3, electrokinetic cell adopts lithium ion battery 22, and the specific energy of lithium ion battery 22, life-span and high rate during charging-discharging are high than lead-acid power accumulator.Its control policy is identical with the control policy of embodiment 1 and embodiment 2, and due to the characteristic of lithium ion itself, effect is better than embodiment 2, but the lithium ion battery price is relatively expensive.
The method of use the present embodiment is applied on 306 road hybrid-power bus of Changchun tests, its normal fuel consumption of 100km is 21～28L diesel oil, after using hybrid power system of the present invention and solution, fuel consumption of 100km is reduced to 17～23L diesel oil after tested, and the energy recovery utilization rate can reach 23% left and right.
The above is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, can not limit scope of the invention process with this, and all simple conversion of doing according to claim of the present invention and description all should still belong to the protection domain that the present invention covers.
Claims (6)
1. hybrid vehicle that uses the composite power source power system, it is characterized in that: power system is comprised of hybrid power system, motor and driving engine, hybrid power system is comprised of super capacitor module, electrokinetic cell, power converter and power control system, power converter uses the DC-to-DC transfer principle, connect super capacitor module and electrokinetic cell, realize the transfer of energy between super capacitor module and electrokinetic cell; Hybrid power system is joined by DC/AC module and motor, the super capacitor module is by 100～200 super capacitor monomer series-connected compositions, power control system is by CAN bus transfer signal, use sensor to gather current various quantity of states, and the collection value is sent to the control unit processing, control unit is according to different collection values and car load demand, for vehicle provides the hybrid power solution.
2. a kind of hybrid vehicle that uses the composite power source power system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: when vehicle launch, power control system disconnection electrokinetic cell is connected with the DC/AC module, motor is electric motor mode, power control system is controlled the work of super capacitor module, from the electric current of super capacitor module after the DC/AC module converts is for alternating current for motor provides starting current, thereby start vehicle; After vehicle launch, power control system is controlled electrokinetic cell work, passes through the DC/AC module to the motor continued power by electrokinetic cell, after reaching certain speed of a motor vehicle, accesses driving engine by power-transfer clutch, and start the engine; When vehicle power was not enough, power control system was controlled motor and is provided power-assisted for automobile.
3. a kind of hybrid vehicle that uses the composite power source power system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: vehicle is when running state, when the not enough total volume of super capacitor electric weight 1/3 the time, under the effect of power control system, the engine drive motor produces electric energy and is stored in the super capacitor module after the DC/AC module converts, or is directly charged to the super capacitor module by electrokinetic cell; When electric energy in the super capacitor module reaches 2/3 when above of total volume; under the control of power control system; the super capacitor module bleeds off to electrokinetic cell or by the discharge circuit in parallel with the super capacitor module delivery of electrical energy of storage with unnecessary electric weight; until in the super capacitor module, electric weight is 2/3 of total volume, with the protection hybrid power system.
4. a kind of hybrid vehicle that uses the composite power source power system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: when car brakeing, power-transfer clutch disconnects contacting of driving engine and transmission shaft, transmission shaft connects motor and main reduction gear, power control system is controlled the super capacitor module and is stopped power supply, main reduction gear rotates the generating generation current by the transmission shaft drive motor, and electric current is transferred to super capacitor place's storage after the DC/AC module converts; Electric power generation makes mechanical energy be converted into electric energy, and mechanical energy reduces, and rotating speed reduces, thereby realizes car brakeing.
5. a kind of hybrid vehicle that uses the composite power source power system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described motor is switched reluctance machines or permagnetic synchronous motor, driving engine is gasoline engine or diesel engine.
6. a kind of hybrid vehicle that uses the composite power source power system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described electrokinetic cell is Ni-MH battery, lead-acid battery or lithium ion battery.
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| CN103475055A (en) * | 2013-09-09 | 2013-12-25 | 武汉威科奇新动力能源科技有限公司 | Composite start power supply and circuit control method thereof |
| CN103660905A (en) * | 2013-12-09 | 2014-03-26 | 华南理工大学 | Oil-electric hybrid electric vehicle multi-mode drive system |
| CN103660910A (en) * | 2013-12-06 | 2014-03-26 | 合肥工业大学 | Gasoline and electricity hydrostatic composite hybrid power transmission system |
| CN103770623A (en) * | 2014-02-20 | 2014-05-07 | 合肥工业大学 | Gasoline-electric and hydraulic compound hybrid power transmission system |
| CN104578248A (en) * | 2014-11-21 | 2015-04-29 | 重庆洋迪机电有限公司 | Quick charging and power storage control method |
| CN106864242A (en) * | 2017-01-17 | 2017-06-20 | 航天重型工程装备有限公司 | The workflow of hybrid electric drive system, vehicle and super capacitor |
| CN107914585A (en) * | 2017-11-22 | 2018-04-17 | 江西爱驰亿维实业有限公司 | Power system of electric automobile and control method, system, controller based on super capacitor |
| CN109050518A (en) * | 2018-06-28 | 2018-12-21 | 联合汽车电子有限公司 | A kind of hybrid power system and its cold start-up method |
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| CN103660910B (en) * | 2013-12-06 | 2016-01-06 | 合肥工业大学 | The hybrid power transmission system of the electric quiet liquid compound of a kind of oil |
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| CN109649371A (en) * | 2019-01-09 | 2019-04-19 | 兰州工业学院 | A kind of hybrid power heavy motor truck power control system with super capacitor |
| CN111439107A (en) * | 2020-04-26 | 2020-07-24 | 南京电瓶居汽配有限公司 | Lead-acid battery with start and stop functions |
| CN112769211A (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2021-05-07 | 国网北京市电力公司 | Power supply device for starting engine |
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| CN114475352A (en) * | 2022-03-18 | 2022-05-13 | 珠海极海半导体有限公司 | Battery supply circuit, battery management system, MPU and automobile power system |
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Application publication date: 20130612 |