CN101863220A - Energy distributing method of super-capacitor and storage battery hybrid power electric automobile - Google Patents
Energy distributing method of super-capacitor and storage battery hybrid power electric automobile Download PDFInfo
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- CN101863220A CN101863220A CN201010152338A CN201010152338A CN101863220A CN 101863220 A CN101863220 A CN 101863220A CN 201010152338 A CN201010152338 A CN 201010152338A CN 201010152338 A CN201010152338 A CN 201010152338A CN 101863220 A CN101863220 A CN 101863220A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles
Abstract
The invention relates to an energy distributing method of a super-capacitor and storage battery hybrid power electric automobile, comprising the following steps of: self-adaptively determining variation curves of working voltages and currents of a DC-DC converter and the super-capacitor according to an extending driving range previously selected by a driver and an initial value of the charge state of the storage battery; independently supplying electricity by the super-capacitor when driving at a short distance; supplying needed electric quantity by the storage battery and the super-capacitor together when a distance is longer, and preferentially using the electric quantity of the super-capacitor. The energy distributing method can not only meet the requirements for driving working conditions, but also furthest utilize the energy stored by the super-capacitor, thereby enabling the storage battery to prevent large current and deep discharge, optimizing the efficiency of the super-capacitor and storage battery hybrid power electric automobile and prolonging the service life of the storage battery and the super-capacitor.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of control method of electronlmobil, the design and the application process of particularly a kind of super capacitor and battery hybrid vapour energy distribution.
Background technology
Super capacitor has the specific power height and (is generally 2000～5000W/kg), but high current charge-discharge (generally can in tens seconds, be full of), and discharge and recharge rapidly (generally at Millisecond) and the advantage that has extended cycle life of reflection time, to be that specific energy is lower (be generally 3～5Wh/kg) to its shortcoming.Because above characteristics, the continual mileage of pure super capacitor electronlmobil is shorter, because the battery-charging station construction cost is bigger, can not build battery-charging station in very dense ground.In order to satisfy the needs of chaufeur expectation continual mileage, adopting the electricity-electric mixed system of super capacitor and storage battery is the inevitable choice that addresses this problem.Under the certain condition of chaufeur expectation continual mileage, battery pack state, the energy distribution strategy in the vehicle ' process between super capacitor and the battery pack, to the vehicle performance important influence, and current research to this energy distribution strategy is less.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the above problems, capacity and needs electric energy stored situation according to vehicle-mounted super capacitor group and battery pack, and the concrete driving cycle of vehicle (comprises the continual mileage that once charges, the road surface traffic state and the gradient, the use of air-conditioning and warm braw etc.), select suitable control policy (being the energy distribution ratio of super capacitor and battery pack), reach the demand that both can satisfy driving cycle, can utilize the energy of super capacitor storage again to greatest extent, make storage battery avoid big electric current and deep discharge, improve system effectiveness, guarantee the battery and the purpose in super capacitor life-span.
Based on the situation that is provided with along the road battery-charging station, chaufeur chosen in advance continual mileage, but the control module self adaptation is determined the change curve of DC-DC variator (DC/DC) and super capacitor operating voltage and electric current.When short range is travelled, power separately by super capacitor; When distance is longer, provides required electric weight jointly by storage battery and super capacitor, and preferentially use the electric weight of super capacitor; During regenerative braking, reclaim the energy of brake system separately by super capacitor.
The step of this method is:
1) test super capacitor and the continual mileage of battery hybrid automobile under different conditions writes down each continual mileage numerical value and is used to control the numerical value of the electric current of DC/DC, constitutes the numerical table of continual mileage and electric current;
2) according to the numerical table of continual mileage and electric current, the variation line segment of DC/DC output end voltage and electric current when interpolation is determined different continual mileage;
3) determine the expectation continual mileage of chaufeur and storage battery state-of-charge (State of Charge, SOC) initial value inputs to the concrete grammar of control system;
4), determine the line segment that DC/DC output end voltage and electric current change according to the expectation continual mileage of chaufeur and the initial value of storage battery SOC.
Described test super capacitor and the continual mileage of battery hybrid automobile under different conditions write down each continual mileage numerical value and are used to control the numerical value of the electric current of DC/DC, constitute continual mileage and electric current numerical table design program as follows:
1) SC=1, Ix=0.4C, i=1 determines the size of Vmax, Vmin, IJ and Smin;
2) vehicle stops, and makes the initial value of battery pack state-of-charge value equal SC, and Ix equals given value, and super capacitor voltage equals Vmax, j=1;
3) in the control system DC/DC output end voltage-current control line be (0, Vmax) and (Ix, Vmin) line segment between 2;
4) vehicle operating is controlled DC/DC, and the voltage and current of DC/DC mouth is changed according to the voltage-to-current control line; Can realize that according to conventional approach DC/DC controls the follow-up control of curve, concrete this patent of control method does not relate to;
5)V≤Vmin？
, do not return the 4th) step;
6) be, vehicle stops to travel, record continual mileage L, S (i, j)=L, I (i, j)=Ix;
7)SZ≤Smin？
Not, Ix=Ix+IJ, j=j+1 returns the 2nd) step;
8) be SC=SC-0.1, i=i+1;
9)SC＜0.6？
, do not return the 2nd) step;
10) be to finish.
Parameter declaration:
The size of current when initial value of battery pack SOC when SC represents that vehicle brings into operation, Ix represent that vehicle is out of service, represent with the multiple of capacity of cell C.Vmax represents the maximum voltage of super capacitor, and Vmin represents the minimum voltage of super capacitor.Smin represents the minimum value that SOC allows in the battery discharging process.V represents the momentary voltage at super capacitor two ends.Numerical table S and I are used to write down continual mileage and the size of current under each operating mode, and the line number of S and I equals H=(1-SX)/SJ+1, and the data in the every row of S and I are one to one.The numerical value of storage battery SOC when SZ represents that each vehicle stops to travel.IJ represents the interval of electric current.≤ expression smaller or equal to,＜expression less than ,=expression equal ,-expression minus sign ,+expression plus sige ,/expression divided by.
When described numerical table according to continual mileage and electric current, interpolation are determined different continual mileage the variation line segment of DC/DC output end voltage and electric current design program as follows:
1) line number, the numerical value of calculating S are m, i=1;
2) the maxim n of every row among the calculating S, SM (i, 1)=n;
3) according to i line data among S and the I, interpolation is determined numerical value SC to SZ (i, 1), 1 serving as cooresponding size of current at interval the time, and record the i of numerical table SI capable in, the columns in the line number of SI and the every row is all identical with S; I=i+1; Interpolation method should if use MATLAB software, should adopt to issue orders according to using software to decide: SI (i :)=interp1 (I (i :), and S (i :), [SC:1:SZ (i, 1)]);
4)i≤m？
Be to return the 2nd) step;
5), do not finish.
Parameter declaration:
SM represents the numerical table of capable 1 row of m, the capable numerical value of SM (i, 1) expression numerical table i; SI (i :), I (i :) and S (i :) represent the i line data of numerical table SI, I and S respectively; Interp1 is the interpolating function in the MATLAB software; SC represents the numerical value, bigger than SC1 numerical value after pure super capacitor continual mileage SC1 rounds; Result of calculation after SZ (i, 1) expression SM (i, 1) rounds, littler than SM (i, 1) numerical value;
The expectation continual mileage of described definite chaufeur and storage battery SOC initial value input to control system concrete grammar design program as follows:
1) four shift knob A1 are set on the gauge panel, A2, A3, A4, whole-control system received when each button was pressed is one state, what receive when not pressing is " 0 " state.Four buttons are capable of being combined to go out 16 kinds of states, and every kind of state has been represented the expectation continual mileage of chaufeur.Table 1 is the corresponding relation that common chaufeur is expected continual mileage and each button state.In like manner, can increase or reduce number of buttons according to the method for table 1, to the suitable expectation continual mileage of control system input.
The expectation continual mileage of table 1 chaufeur and the corresponding relation of each button state
| ??A1A2A3A4 | ??0001 | ??0010 | ??0011 | ??0100 | ??0101 | ??0110 | ??0111 |
| Expectation continual mileage km | ??7 | ??8 | ??9 | ??10 | ??11 | ??12 | ??13 |
| ??A1A2A3A4 | ??1000 | ??1001 | ??1010 | ??1011 | ??1100 | ??1101 | ??1110 |
| Expectation continual mileage km | ??14 | ??15 | ??16 | ??17 | ??18 | ??19 | ??20 |
2) three shift knob B1 are set in addition on the gauge panel, B2, B3, whole-control system was received when each button was pressed is one state, what receive when not pressing is " 0 " state, three buttons are capable of being combined to go out 8 kinds of states, and every kind of state has been represented the storage battery SOC initial value that shows on the gauge panel.In like manner, can increase or reduce number of buttons according to the method for table 2, to the suitable storage battery SOC initial value of control system input.
The corresponding relation of table 2 storage battery SOC initial value and each button state
| ?B1B2B3 | ??001 | ??010 | ??011 | ??100 | ??101 |
| The initial value of storage battery SOC | ??1 | ??0.9 | ??0.8 | ??0.7 | ??0.6 |
Described according to the expectation continual mileage of chaufeur and the initial value of storage battery SOC, it is as follows to determine designing program of line segment that DC/DC output end voltage and electric current change:
1) chaufeur is determined expectation continual mileage, the initial value of the battery pack SOC that shows on the recording instrument dial plate; With the SOC initial value be accurate to behind the arithmetic point one, numerical value SE after making accurately is less than the SOC initial value, the numerical value SS with the round numbers of expectation continual mileage, after making accurately is greater than the expectation continual mileage;
2) according to the SM numerical table, interpolation goes out the cooresponding maximum continual mileage of SE, and whether the maximum continual mileage of judging this moment is greater than the expectation continual mileage of chaufeur;
Not, to battery pack fast charge or replacing battery pack;
3) be whether the expectation continual mileage is greater than pure super capacitor continual mileage SC;
Deny that pure super capacitor drives;
4) be,,, determine A1 according to expectation continual mileage SS and storage battery SOC initial value SE with reference to table 1 and table 2, A2, A3, A4 and B1, B2, B3 amounts to the state of 7 buttons, respective value during for " 1 ", presses this button, and button is down state not during for " 0 ";
5) control system reads A1, A2, A3, A4 and B1, B2, the state of B3, and with A1, A2, A3, A4 and B1, B2, two of B3 system state-transition is ten system numerical value A and B, according to numerical table SI, determine the capable A of B be listed as cooresponding data SI (B, A), this value is cooresponding current values Ix;
6) in the control system DC/DC output end voltage-current control line be (0, Vmax) and (Ix, Vmin) line segment between 2;
7) vehicle operating, control system is carried out follow-up control to DC/DC, and the voltage and current of DC/DC mouth is changed according to the voltage-to-current control line.
Superior effect of the present invention is: based on the initial value of chaufeur chosen in advance continual mileage and battery pack SOC, but the control module self adaptation is determined the change curve of DC/DC and super capacitor operating voltage and electric current.When short range is travelled, power separately by super capacitor; When distance is longer, provides required electric weight jointly by storage battery and super capacitor, and preferentially use the electric weight of super capacitor; During regenerative braking, reclaim the energy of brake system feedback separately by super capacitor.Both can satisfy the demand of driving cycle, can utilize the energy of super capacitor storage again to greatest extent, and make storage battery avoid big electric current and deep discharge, improve system effectiveness, guarantee the battery and the purpose in super capacitor life-span.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of super capacitor and storage battery hybrid power electric automobile structure, and super capacitor, storage battery, DC/DC, motor and hand switch connect in this way.Hand switch disconnects switch closure when super capacitor and storage battery combination drive when pure super capacitor driving and regenerative brake.
Fig. 2 is the control curve of DC/DC output end voltage and electric current, DC/DC output end voltage-current control line be (0, Vmax) and (Ix, Vmin) line segment between 2.
Fig. 3 is the control block diagram of test super capacitor and battery hybrid vehicle continual mileage under different conditions.
Fig. 4 is when determining different continual mileage numerical value, the control block diagram of the variation line segment of DC/DC output end voltage and electric current.
Fig. 5 is according to the initial value of the expectation continual mileage of chaufeur and storage battery SOC, determines the control block diagram that DC/DC output end voltage and electric current change line segment.
Fig. 6 is four performance curves of example vehicle operating.
Fig. 7 is that the example vehicle is 0.74 at storage battery SOC initial value, the simulation result when the expectation continual mileage is 11.5km.
The specific embodiment
According to the control process of a certain super capacitor and storage battery hybrid power electric automobile, the embodiment of this control method is described.
Table 3, table 4 and table 5 are respectively the concrete parameter of example vehicle super capacitor group, LiMn2O4 power battery pack and vehicle.
The performance figure of table 3 super capacitor group
| Parameter | Unit | Numerical value |
| Maximum voltage Umax | ??V | ??600 |
| Minimum voltage Umin | ??V | ??320 |
| Monomer capacity/number | F/ | ??80000/400 |
| Can utilize electric energy | ??kWh | ??6.5 |
| The monomer internal resistance | ??mΩ | ??0.5 |
| Calculate and adopt internal resistance | ??mΩ | ??150 |
The performance figure of table 4 LiMn2O4 power battery pack
| Parameter | Unit | Numerical value |
| Monomer capacity C/number | Ah/ | ??50/100 |
| Battery voltage | ??V | ??360 |
| The battery pack gross energy | ??kWh | ??18 |
| The battery pack internal resistance | ??mΩ | ??300 |
Table 5 vehicle parameter
| Parameter | Numerical value |
| Car mass m (kg) | ??15680 |
| Main reduction gear speed ratio i 0/ retarder speed ratio i m | ??6.2/2.3732 |
| Vehicle wheel roll radius Rr (m) | ??0.465 |
| Wind area A (m 2) | ??6.68 |
| Aerodynamic drag factor C D | ??0.65 |
| Coefficient of rolling resistance f | ??0.015 |
| Driving system net effciency η T | ??0.94 |
| Parameter | Numerical value |
| Motor and controller efficiency eta mc thereof | ??0.85 |
Consult shown in the accompanying drawing, the invention will be further described.
Concrete steps are:
1, according to the electricity-continual mileage of electric hybrid vehicle under different conditions of Fig. 3, test super capacitor and storage battery, vehicle is in fully laden in the test process:
1) SC=1, Ix=0.4C, i=1, Vmax are that 600V, Vmin are that 320V, IJ are that 0.2C, Smin are 0.2;
2) vehicle stops, and makes the initial value of battery pack state-of-charge value equal SC, and Ix equals given value, and super capacitor voltage is Vmax, j=1;
3) in the control system DC/DC output end voltage-current control line be (0, Vmax) and (Ix, Vmin) line segment between 2;
4) vehicle operating is carried out follow-up control to DC/DC, and the voltage and current of DC/DC mouth is changed according to the voltage-to-current control line;
5)V≤Vmin？
, do not return the 4th) step;
6) be, vehicle stops to travel, record continual mileage L, S (i, j)=L, I (i, j)=Ix;
7)SZ≤Smin？
Not, Ix=Ix+IJ, j=j+1 returns the 2nd) step;
8) be SC=SC-0.1, i=i+1;
9)SC＜0.6？
, do not return the 2nd) step;
10) be to finish.
Can obtain the numerical table of S and I.Table 6 is the S numerical table, the continual mileage of vehicle when S represents that SC and Ix are different value.Table 7 is the I numerical table, has relation one to one with the S numerical table.The data of table 6 obtain by digital simulation, in order to simplify simulation process, what do not consider that temperature and electric current adopt the influence of super capacitor internal resistance and capacity parameter, internal resistance and capacity is definite value, therefore equates when the identical but continual mileage numerical value that SC does not obtain simultaneously of Ix.In the real vehicle measurement process, Ix is identical but continual mileage numerical value that SC does not obtain simultaneously difference to some extent, for example the data that the data of first row, first row of table 6 and second row first are listed as in real vehicle test process difference to some extent.But table 6 data do not influence the explanation of this method practical application.
Table 6S numerical table (unit is km)
| ??6.716 | ??7.409 | ??8.128 | ??8.873 | ??10.27 | ??11.73 | ??14.56 | ??20.24 | ??20.81 |
| ??6.716 | ??7.409 | ??8.128 | ??8.873 | ??10.27 | ??11.73 | ??14.56 | ??18.75 | |
| ??6.716 | ??7.409 | ??8.128 | ??8.873 | ??10.27 | ??11.73 | ??14.56 | ??16.69 |
| ??6.716 | ??7.409 | ??8.128 | ??8.873 | ??10.27 | ??11.73 | ??14.56 | ??20.24 | ??20.81 |
| ??6.716 | ??7.409 | ??8.128 | ??8.873 | ??10.27 | ??11.73 | ??14.56 | ??15.18 | |
| ??6.716 | ??7.409 | ??8.128 | ??8.873 | ??10.27 | ??11.73 | ??13.12 |
Table 7I numerical table (unit is A)
| ??20 | ??30 | ??40 | ??50 | ??60 | ??70 | ??80 | ??90 | ??100 |
| ??20 | ??30 | ??40 | ??50 | ??60 | ??70 | ??80 | ??90 | |
| ??20 | ??30 | ??40 | ??50 | ??60 | ??70 | ??80 | ??90 | |
| ??20 | ??30 | ??40 | ??50 | ??60 | ??70 | ??80 | ??90 | |
| ??20 | ??30 | ??40 | ??50 | ??60 | ??70 | ??80 |
2, according to Fig. 4, interpolation is determined the variation line segment of cooresponding DC/DC output end voltage of different continual mileage numerical value and electric current:
1) line number m, the m of calculating S equal 5, i=1;
2) the maxim n of every row among the calculating S, the maxim SM (1 of first row, 1) the maxim SM (2,1) that equal 20.81, cooresponding SOC initial value is 1, the second row equals 18.75, cooresponding SOC initial value is 0.9, the maxim SM (3 of the third line, 1) equal 16.69, cooresponding SOC initial value is 0.8, the maxim SM of fourth line (4,1) equals 15.18, cooresponding SOC initial value is 0.7, the maxim SM of fifth line (5,1) equals 13.12, cooresponding SOC initial value is 0.6;
3) SC1 equals 6.67, SC equals 7, and according to the 1st line data among S and the I, interpolation determines numerical value 7 to 20,1 serving as cooresponding size of current at interval the time, and records in the 1st row of numerical table SI; According to the 2nd line data among S and the I, interpolation determines numerical value 7 to 18,1 serving as cooresponding size of current at interval the time, and records in the 2nd row of numerical table SI; According to the 3rd line data among S and the I, interpolation determines numerical value 7 to 16,1 serving as cooresponding size of current at interval the time, and records in the 3rd row of numerical table SI; According to the 4th line data among S and the I, interpolation determines numerical value 7 to 15,1 serving as cooresponding size of current at interval the time, and records in the 4th row of numerical table SI; According to the 5th line data among S and the I, interpolation determines numerical value 7 to 13,1 serving as cooresponding size of current at interval the time, and records in the 5th row of numerical table SI.Table 8 is the SI numerical table.
Table 8SI numerical table (unit is A)
| ??24.10 | ??38.22 | ??50.91 | ??58.07 | ??65 | ??70.95 | ??74.49 | ??78.02 | ??80.78 | ??82.54 | ??84.30 | ??86.06 | ??87.82 | ??89.58 |
| ??24.10 | ??38.22 | ??50.91 | ??58.07 | ??65 | ??70.95 | ??74.49 | ??78.02 | ??81.05 | ??83.44 | ??85.82 | ??88.21 | ||
| ??24.10 | ??38.22 | ??50.91 | ??58.07 | ??65 | ??70.95 | ??74.49 | ??78.02 | ??82.07 | ??86.76 | ||||
| ??24.10 | ??38.22 | ??50.91 | ??58.07 | ??65 | ??70.95 | ??74.49 | ??78.02 | ??87.10 | |||||
| ??24.10 | ??38.22 | ??50.91 | ??58.07 | ??65 | ??71.94 | ??79.14 |
3, the initial value of the expectation continual mileage of chaufeur and battery pack SOC input to control system concrete grammar design program as follows:
1) four shift knob A1 are set on the gauge panel, A2, A3, A4, whole-control system received when each button was pressed is one state, what receive when not pressing is " 0 " state.Four buttons are capable of being combined to go out 16 kinds of states, and every kind of state has been represented the expectation continual mileage of chaufeur.Table 9 is the corresponding relation that common chaufeur is expected continual mileage and each button state.
The expectation continual mileage of table 9 chaufeur and the corresponding relation of each button state
| ??A1A2A3A4 | ??0001 | ??0010 | ??0011 | ??0100 | ??0101 | ??0110 | ??0111 |
| Expectation continual mileage km | ??7 | ??8 | ??9 | ??10 | ??11 | ??12 | ??13 |
| ??A1A2A3A4 | ??1000 | ??1001 | ??1010 | ??1011 | ??1100 | ??1101 | ??1110 |
| Expectation continual mileage km | ??14 | ??15 | ??16 | ??17 | ??18 | ??19 | ??20 |
2) three shift knob B1 are set in addition on the gauge panel, B2, B3, whole-control system was received when each button was pressed is one state, what receive when not pressing is " 0 " state, three buttons are capable of being combined to go out 8 kinds of states, and every kind of state has been represented the storage battery SOC initial value that shows on the gauge panel.Table 10 is the corresponding relation of storage battery SOC initial value and each button state.
The corresponding relation of table 10 storage battery SOC initial value and each button state
| ??B1B2B3 | ??001 | ??010 | ??011 | ??100 | ??101 |
| The initial value of storage battery SOC | ??1 | ??0.9 | ??0.8 | ??0.7 | ??0.6 |
4,, determine the line segment that DC/DC output voltage and electric current change according to the expectation continual mileage of chaufeur and the initial value of storage battery SOC:
1) chaufeur expectation continual mileage is 11.5km, and the initial value of the battery pack SOC that shows on the recording instrument dial plate is 0.74; With the SOC initial value be accurate to behind the arithmetic point one, numerical value SE after making accurately is less than the SOC initial value, SE equals 0.7; Greater than the expectation continual mileage, SS equals 12 with the numerical value SS after expecting the continual mileage round numbers, making accurately;
2) according to the SM numerical table, the cooresponding maximum continual mileage of SE is 15.18km, judges that whether SE is greater than SS;
3) be whether the expectation continual mileage equals 7 greater than pure super capacitor continual mileage SC, SC;
4) be, with reference to table 9 and table 10, according to expectation continual mileage SS and storage battery SOC initial value SE, A1, A2, A3, the state of A4 is 0,1,1,0, B1, B2, the state of B3 is 1,0,0, respective value when " 1 ", press this button, button is down state not during for " 0 ";
5) control system reads A1, A2, and A3, A4 and B 1, B2, the state of B3, and with A1, A2, A3, A4 and B1, B2, two systems of B3 change ten system numerical value 6 and 4 into, according to numerical table 8, determine the cooresponding data 70.95A of 4 row, 6 row;
6) DC/DC output end voltage-current control line is a line segment between (0,600) and (70.95,320) 2 in the control system;
7) vehicle operating, control system is carried out follow-up control to DC/DC, and the voltage and current of DC/DC mouth is changed according to the voltage-to-current control line.
Chaufeur expectation continual mileage is 11.5km, the initial value of battery pack SOC be 0.74 o'clock the control effect as shown in Figure 7.From top to bottom first figure is four operating mode cyclic curves among Fig. 7, and second figure is the operating voltage at super capacitor two ends, and the 3rd figure is storage battery SOC change curve, and the 4th figure is the continual mileage curve, and the abscissa of each figure is all represented the time.By the 4th figure as can be known, the driving of vehicle equals 11.74km, and is more close with the expectation continual mileage of 11.5km, proved the reasonableness of summary of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. the energy distributing method of super capacitor and storage battery hybrid power electric automobile is characterized in that:
The step of this method is:
1) test super capacitor and the continual mileage of battery hybrid automobile under different conditions writes down each continual mileage numerical value and is used to control the numerical value of the electric current of DC to DC converter (DC/DC), constitutes the numerical table of continual mileage and electric current;
2) according to the numerical table of continual mileage and electric current, the variation line segment of DC/DC output end voltage and electric current when interpolation is determined different continual mileage;
3) determine the expectation continual mileage of chaufeur and storage battery state-of-charge (State of Charge, SOC) initial value inputs to the concrete grammar of control system;
4), determine the line segment that DC/DC output end voltage and electric current change according to the expectation continual mileage of chaufeur and the initial value of storage battery SOC.
2. by the energy distributing method of described a kind of super capacitor of claim 1 and storage battery hybrid power electric automobile, it is characterized in that:
Described test super capacitor and the continual mileage of battery hybrid automobile under different conditions write down each continual mileage numerical value and are used to control the numerical value of the electric current of DC/DC, constitute continual mileage and electric current numerical table design program as follows:
1) SC=1, Ix=0.4C, i=1 determines the size of Vmax, Vmin, IJ and Smin;
2) vehicle stops, and makes the initial value of battery pack state-of-charge value equal SC, and Ix equals given value, and super capacitor voltage equals Vmax, j=1;
3) in the control system DC/DC output end voltage-current control line be (0, Vmax) and (Ix, Vmin) line segment between 2;
4) vehicle operating is controlled DC/DC, and the voltage and current of DC/DC mouth is changed according to the voltage-to-current control line; Can realize that according to conventional approach DC/DC controls the follow-up control of curve, concrete this patent of control method does not relate to;
5)V≤Vmin？
, do not return the 4th) step;
6) be, vehicle stops to travel, record continual mileage L, S (i, j)=L, I (i, j)=Ix;
7)SZ≤Smin？
Not, Ix=Ix+IJ, j=j+1 returns the 2nd) step;
8) be SC=SC-0.1, i=i+1;
9)SC＜0.6？
, do not return the 2nd) step;
10) be to finish.
The size of current when initial value of battery pack SOC when SC represents that vehicle brings into operation, Ix represent that vehicle is out of service, represent with the multiple of capacity of cell C.Vmax represents the maximum voltage of super capacitor, and Vmin represents the minimum voltage of super capacitor.Smin represents the minimum value that SOC allows in the battery discharging process.V represents the momentary voltage at super capacitor two ends.Numerical table S and I are used to write down continual mileage and the size of current under each operating mode, and the line number of S and I equals H=(1-SX)/SJ+1, and the data in the every row of S and I are one to one.The numerical value of storage battery SOC when SZ represents that each vehicle stops to travel.IJ represents the interval of electric current.≤ expression smaller or equal to,＜expression less than ,=expression equal ,-expression minus sign ,+expression plus sige ,/expression divided by.
3. by the energy distributing method of described a kind of super capacitor of claim 1 and storage battery hybrid power electric automobile, it is characterized in that:
When described numerical table according to continual mileage and electric current, interpolation are determined different continual mileage the variation line segment of DC/DC output end voltage and electric current design program as follows:
1) line number, the numerical value of calculating S are m, i=1;
2) the maxim n of every row among the calculating S, SM (i, 1)=n;
3) according to i line data among S and the I, interpolation is determined numerical value SC to SZ (i, 1), 1 serving as cooresponding size of current at interval the time, and record the i of numerical table SI capable in, the columns in the line number of SI and the every row is all identical with S; I=i+1; Interpolation method should if use MATLAB software, should adopt to issue orders according to using software to decide: SI (i :)=interp1 (I (i :), and S (i :), [SC:1:SZ (i, 1)]);
4)i≤m？
Be to return the 2nd) step;
5), do not finish.
SM represents the numerical table of capable 1 row of m, the capable numerical value of SM (i, 1) expression numerical table i; SI (i :), I (i :) and S (i :) represent the i line data of numerical table SI, I and S respectively; Interp1 is the interpolating function in the MATLAB software; SC represents the numerical value, bigger than SC1 numerical value after pure super capacitor continual mileage SC1 rounds; Result of calculation after SZ (i, 1) expression SM (i, 1) rounds, littler than SM (i, 1) numerical value;
4. by the energy distributing method of described a kind of super capacitor of claim 1 and storage battery hybrid power electric automobile, it is characterized in that:
The expectation continual mileage of described definite chaufeur and storage battery SOC initial value input to control system concrete grammar design program as follows:
1) four shift knob A1 are set on the gauge panel, A2, A3, A4, whole-control system received when each button was pressed is one state, what receive when not pressing is " 0 " state.Four buttons are capable of being combined to go out 16 kinds of states, and every kind of state has been represented the expectation continual mileage of chaufeur.Table 1 is the corresponding relation that common chaufeur is expected continual mileage and each button state.In like manner, can increase or reduce number of buttons according to the method for table 1, to the suitable expectation continual mileage of control system input.
The expectation continual mileage of table 1 chaufeur and the corresponding relation of each button state
2) three shift knob B1 are set in addition on the gauge panel, B2, B3, whole-control system was received when each button was pressed is one state, what receive when not pressing is " 0 " state, three buttons are capable of being combined to go out 8 kinds of states, and every kind of state has been represented the storage battery SOC initial value that shows on the gauge panel.In like manner, can increase or reduce number of buttons according to the method for table 2, to the suitable storage battery SOC initial value of control system input.
The corresponding relation of table 2 storage battery SOC initial value and each button state
5. by the energy distributing method of described a kind of super capacitor of claim 1 and storage battery hybrid power electric automobile, it is characterized in that:
Described according to the expectation continual mileage of chaufeur and the initial value of storage battery SOC, it is as follows to determine designing program of line segment that DC/DC output end voltage and electric current change:
1) chaufeur is determined expectation continual mileage, the initial value of the battery pack SOC that shows on the recording instrument dial plate; With the SOC initial value be accurate to behind the arithmetic point one, numerical value SE after making accurately is less than the SOC initial value, the numerical value SS with the round numbers of expectation continual mileage, after making accurately is greater than the expectation continual mileage;
2) according to the SM numerical table, interpolation goes out the cooresponding maximum continual mileage of SE, and whether the maximum continual mileage of judging this moment is greater than the expectation continual mileage of chaufeur; Not, to battery pack fast charge or replacing battery pack;
3) be whether the expectation continual mileage is greater than pure super capacitor continual mileage SC;
Deny that pure super capacitor drives;
4) be,,, determine A1 according to expectation continual mileage SS and storage battery SOC initial value SE with reference to table 1 and table 2, A2, A3, A4 and B1, B2, B3 amounts to the state of 7 buttons, respective value during for " 1 ", presses this button, and button is down state not during for " 0 ";
5) control system reads A1, A2, A3, A4 and B1, B2, the state of B3, and with A1, A2, A3, A4 and B1, B2, two of B3 system state-transition is ten system numerical value A and B, according to numerical table SI, determine the capable A of B be listed as cooresponding data SI (B, A), this value is cooresponding current values Ix;
6) in the control system DC/DC output end voltage-current control line be (0, Vmax) and (Ix, Vmin) line segment between 2;
7) vehicle operating, control system is carried out follow-up control to DC/DC, and the voltage and current of DC/DC mouth is changed according to the voltage-to-current control line.
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| CN102152733A (en) * | 2011-04-08 | 2011-08-17 | 湖南南车时代电动汽车股份有限公司 | Double-voltage composite energy storage method and device for electric or hybrid power vehicle |
| CN102152733B (en) * | 2011-04-08 | 2014-02-12 | 湖南南车时代电动汽车股份有限公司 | Double-voltage composite energy storage method and device for electric or hybrid power vehicle |
| CN102170155A (en) * | 2011-04-22 | 2011-08-31 | 清华大学 | Power battery-super capacitor hybrid power control method and system |
| CN103144526A (en) * | 2013-03-01 | 2013-06-12 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | Hybrid power vehicle using composite power supply power system |
| CN109878507A (en) * | 2019-01-14 | 2019-06-14 | 江苏理工学院 | Vehicle-mounted AC-battery power source energy management control method based on lambda factor |
| CN110375766A (en) * | 2019-08-05 | 2019-10-25 | 清华大学 | Vehicle electric drive Method for Calculate Mileage and vehicle electric drive mileage ratio evaluation method |
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Application publication date: 20101020 |