CN1031349C - Multi-effective heavy oil additive - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a heavy oil additive which is prepared from ditert-butyl peroxide as an initiator and naphthenate as a catalyst through compounding. The additive contains 10 to 30g of the ditert-butyl peroxide and 100g of the naphthenate including calcium, cobalt, iron, manganese and zinc. The additive of the present invention can obviously increase fuel saving ratio and the production capacity of equipment. The fuel saving ratio can reach more than 20%, and the production capacity of heating furnaces can reach more than 20%. The present invention has significant economical and social benefits.

Description

Multi-effective heavy oil additive

The present invention relates to make an addition to additive agent field, particularly additive for heavy oil in the fuel for reducing smog.

The power-saving technology of heavy oil is to mix a certain amount of water, emulsifying agent, energy saving element etc. in heavy oil at present, carry out using after the emulsification with mechanical means or ultrasonic technology, but exist many problems in practice: as because immiscible the separating of water oil, though there is the formed emulsification attitude of emulsifying agent still unstable, therefore burning is also unstable, even fire extinguishing, seep water in the oil simultaneously, it is many that vaporization institute's heat requirement and waste gas are taken away heat, thereby reduce thermo-efficiency, and water vapor has corrosive nature to hardware.Therefore, urgently there is novel fuel-saving technique to substitute at present.

CN1033393A, application number is: 881,6101.8, denomination of invention is: high-efficiency diesel fuel oil additive and manufacture method thereof and CN1032185A, application number is 87106426.X, denomination of invention is diesel-dope and production method thereof, and these two patents are that adding metallic naphthenate catalyzed oxidation is combustion-supporting in diesel oil.As everyone knows, diesel oil (200～360 ℃ of boiling points) is by in the DCI direct cylinder injection, compressed spontaneous combustion (misfiring) and expansion working, in the cylinder of finite volume, carry out discontinuously, in diesel oil, add the metal oxide that produces behind the additive and can pollute cylinder, cause disadvantageous effect to heat transfer, and when piston is up and down, piston is worn and torn, thus the life-span of shortening engine.Therefore, the ash oontent one that is allowed in the diesel oil is strict, therefore, uses the additive of above two patent applications can produce adverse consequences to diesel motor in diesel oil, simultaneously, uses the combustion-supporting additive effect of catalyzed oxidation also limited separately.Though the additive rate of economizing gasoline with these two patent applications is better, diesel oil do not reach national standard and for the diesel engine life-span be disadvantageous.

Japanese Patent Application Publication specification sheets spy opens clear 58-53985, and denomination of invention is the manufacture method of the combustion improver of fuel, and this application is used complexed surfactant and based on the composite catalyst of copper naphthenate, be can be used among heavy oil, light oil and the gasoline.But so-called composite catalyst be copper naphthenate in action, other content does not have the composite catalyzing effect very little, simultaneously, independent this additive is used among the heavy oil, and is also still not enough to energy-saving effect.And in this Japanese publication file and unlisted rate of economizing gasoline and improve the concrete data of equipment capacity.

The objective of the invention is to: additive for heavy oil a kind of not only energy-conservation but also volume increase is provided.

The present invention seeks to reach like this: the additive for heavy oil that provides is compound by initiator and catalyzer, and used initiator is a ditertiary butyl peroxide, and catalyst system therefor is: the naphthenic ring hydrochlorate of calcium, cobalt, iron, manganese and zinc, and its content is as follows:

Ditertiary butyl peroxide 10～30 grams

Naphthenate 100 grams

Wherein calcium 1.25～2.50 restrains

Cobalt 0.40～2.00 gram

Iron 0.60～3.60 gram

Manganese 0.20～0.50 gram

Zinc 0.002～0.10 gram

Surplus is the cycloalkanes acid group.

Below the present invention is described in detail in conjunction with the embodiments:

Metallic naphthenate has backbone, has the combustion-supporting effect of superior catalyzed oxidation.

Additive for heavy oil provided by the present invention is compound by initiator and catalyzer, and used initiator is ditertiary butyl peroxide (ditertiary butyl peroxide), and catalyst system therefor is the naphthenate of calcium, cobalt, iron, manganese and zinc, and its content is as follows:

Ditertiary butyl peroxide 10～30 grams

Naphthenate 100 grams

Wherein calcium 1.25～2.50 restrains

Cobalt 0.40～2.00 gram

Iron 0.60～3.60 gram

Manganese 0.20～0.50 gram

Zinc 0.002～0.10 gram

Surplus is the cycloalkanes acid group.

Catalysis profit of the present invention is the compound of five kinds of metal ring alkyl salts, consider the compound of alkaline earth metals calcium and heavy metal cobalt, iron, manganese emphatically, heavy metal plays main catalysed oxidn, though the calcium catalysed oxidn a little less than, but work as the catalyzed oxidation ability that then can strengthen heavy metal with the heavy metal compound tense, secondly also can reduce the cost of additive.Mn ion also has polymerization except that the oxidation katalysis is arranged, this effect impels heavy oil oxypolymerization to form the throw out that is insoluble to oil, so the ratio of manganese significantly reduces in the present invention.The 3rd: the zinc catalytic capability is very lower than its effect with iron, so consumption of the present invention also seldom, but plays rust inhibition.

This patent adopts the initiator ditertiary butyl peroxide, is to generate free radical because it is easy to decompose, and this free radical can cause heavy oil molecules and generate free radical, thus the delay period of heavy oil molecules is shortened, and the accelerate combustion process is carried out.

This patent adopts initiator and catalyst combination, works and can be multiplied with catalyzer with initiator or list than single.The existence of heavy metal ion can impel initiator molecule to generate free radical faster, initiator also can be strengthened the catalytic oxidation process of heavy metal ion to heavy oil molecules, thereby impel combustionvelocity and flame propagation velocity to accelerate, temperature of combustion improves, so can reach the double effects of fuel-economizing and volume increase.Initiator is as 10 (weight) % less than catalyzer, and then effect does not show, and as greater than 30 (weight) %, then cost is too high again, thus be that 10～30 (weight) % of catalyzer is advisable with content, 15 (weight) % preferably.

The ratio of additive of the present invention and heavy oil is 2/1000.

The existing rate of economizing gasoline that improves more significantly of the present invention, the throughput of the equipment that is significantly increased again, this is because prescription of the present invention is the combination of initiator and catalyzer, the two combination can be learnt from other's strong points to offset one's weaknesses and be brought into play both synergies.The free radical that therefore can quicken heavy oil molecules exponentially generates and shortens the process of chain reaction.Promptly at unit volume with can significantly improve the hot strength of process furnace in the unit time.Therefore the present invention can reach more than 20% except that rate of economizing gasoline, can also improve the outstanding effect of furnace apparatus throughput more than 20% significantly.Current country breach on the heavy oil energy is very big, about 30,000,000 tons of the whole nation year expendable weight oil, if can generally adopt the present invention, then year can save heavy oil and reach five, 6,000,000 tons, button goes the additive expense, whole nation user amounts to can save fund more than 10 times, so its social benefit and economic benefit all are very remarkable.

Embodiment 1:

Experimentize on the 4 tons of heating boilers in boiler house, plastics machinery head factory four workshop, northeast, Anshan, used additive component and content are as follows:

Ditertiary butyl peroxide 15 grams

Naphthenate 100 grams

Wherein calcium 2.3 restrains

Cobalt 1.2 grams

Iron 1.2 grams

Manganese 0.2 gram

Zinc 0.002 gram

Surplus is the cycloalkanes acid group.

Test objective is that check additive of the present invention is to the adaptability of heavy oil and oil-saving effect in actual use.

In 1.25 tons of heavy oil, add the edged stirring of additive 3.5Kg limit and reach even program.Control boiler oil pressure is 1.2, and control blast valve is a maximum value, and immobilizes, and boiler pressure is raised to 4.5 normal atmosphere after 16 minutes, shuts down fire extinguishing, and heavy oil metering buoy indicator value is 20 millimeters, and promptly oil consumption is 26.9 kilograms, and required time is 16 minutes.

Done blank test in addition; promptly do not add additive of the present invention; start back control boiler oil pressure 1.2; blast switch transfers at utmost and immobilizes, and boiler pressure reaches 4.5 normal atmosphere after 17 minutes, shuts down fire extinguishing; the oil consumption indicator value is 26 millimeters; being that oil consumption is 35 kilograms, need be 17 minutes with the time, and boiler pressure increases to 4.5 normal atmosphere from 0.

Calculate rate of economizing gasoline by following formula: $=\frac{\mathrm{\π}{r}^2\×0.026-\mathrm{\π}{r}^2\×0.02}{\mathrm{\π}{r}^2\×0.026}\×100$

＝23.08％

Therefore, in the boiler torch firing boosted by 0 to 4.5 normal atmosphere process, using the rate of economizing gasoline of the heavy oil of mixing additive of the present invention was 23.08%, and the time can save 1 minute.

Embodiment 2:

In Anshan Precision Seamless Steel Tubes factory hot-rolled tube workshop, carry out the test second time.Used heater for rolling steel length * wide * height is 7.78 * 1.8 * 1～1.5 meters, and used residual oil proportion is 0.972.In test, oil pressure is 0.4 kg/cm, 1320～1400 ℃ of furnace temperature, 4.12 tons of No. 20 first steel of feeding, first steel dimensions is: 60 * 1000 * 1000 millimeters of φ, in residual oil, add additive component of the present invention and content as follows:

Ditertiary butyl peroxide 15 grams

Naphthenate 100 grams

Wherein calcium 2.0 restrains

Cobalt 1.5 grams

Iron 1.0 grams

Manganese 0.2 gram

Zinc 0.002 gram

Surplus is the cycloalkanes acid group.

The torch firing time: 15 minutes, add this additive 2.3/1000.

Oil consumption: 64.3 liters

Discharging: 26

Every oil consumption is 2.47 a liters/root.

In addition, done blank test again, charging is the same, oil pressure 0.39 kg/cm, 3120 ℃ of furnace temperature, 15 minutes combustion times, 21 of dischargings, 3.19 liters/root of every oil consumption.

Rate of economizing gasoline=22.57% (method of calculation are the same)

Secondly also improve equipment capacity.

$=\frac{26-21}{21}\×100=23.8\%$

Claims (1)

1, a kind of additive for heavy oil is characterized in that: by as the ditertiary butyl peroxide of initiator and compound as the naphthenate of catalyzer, its composition and content are as follows:

Ditertiary butyl peroxide 10～30 grams

Naphthenate 100 grams

Wherein calcium 1.25～2.50 restrains

Cobalt 0.40～2.00 gram

Iron 0.60～3.60 gram

Manganese 0.20～0.50 gram

Zinc 0.002～0.10 gram

Surplus is the cycloalkanes acid group.