CN103134664B - A kind of camera of optical satellite in-orbit MTF measuring method based on convex reflecting mirror - Google Patents
A kind of camera of optical satellite in-orbit MTF measuring method based on convex reflecting mirror Download PDFInfo
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- CN103134664B CN103134664B CN201310060845.5A CN201310060845A CN103134664B CN 103134664 B CN103134664 B CN 103134664B CN 201310060845 A CN201310060845 A CN 201310060845A CN 103134664 B CN103134664 B CN 103134664B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of detection method of MTF in-orbit realized based on convex reflecting mirror, this device is primarily of convex refractive lens array, supporting tripod, be built-in with the electronic transit composition of GPS and software for calculation, electronic transit is calibrated the position angle of the sun and satellite and zenith angle, electronic transit drives the time that convex reflecting mirror is being subscribed automatically to move to assigned address, the sunshine in regulation moment is reflexed to satellite institute through position, convex reflecting mirror is under the control of automatic tracking system, this moment sunshine is reflexed on optical satellite camera and makes its imaging, image synchronization is passed ground back and is carried out process calculating, so far the detection of optical satellite camera MTF is completed, structure of the present invention is simple, miniaturization, lightweight, easy and simple to handle, be suitable for field work, can be used for optical satellite camera In-flight measurement MTF and detect, without the need to the parameter such as gain, radiometric response degree of optical satellite camera, there is practicality widely.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of on-orbit detection of an optical satellite camera, in particular to a comprehensive evaluation method for the quality of an imaging system of the optical satellite camera.
Background
The Modulation Transfer Function (MTF) of the optical satellite camera is an important index for evaluating the quality of an optical imaging system, the function reflects two important characteristics of the optical satellite camera, namely the resolution and the contrast of a formed image, and is a parameter for evaluating the space characteristic of the optical satellite camera at present, the MTF of the imaging system of the optical satellite camera is a comprehensive index of the modulation transfer functions of each process of the optical system, an electronic system, a CCD device, satellite motion, a ground scenery target and the like, the imaging quality of the optical satellite camera can be evaluated by detecting the MTF on orbit of the optical satellite camera, the MTF can be used for image recovery, ground resolution determination and high-resolution image information acquisition by an effective value of the MTF, at present, the MTF detection of the optical satellite camera on orbit mainly adopts a plurality of methods such as an edge method, a pulse method, a point source method and the like, wherein the point source method can acquire a two-dimensional point spread function representing the space characteristic, the method becomes one of the main methods for detecting the on-orbit MTF of the optical satellite camera, and compared with a pulse method and a knife edge method, the point source method does not need parameters such as gain, radiation responsivity and the like of the optical satellite camera, and is simpler.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to make up for the defects of the prior art and provides an in-orbit optical satellite camera MTF measuring method based on a convex reflector.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
an in-orbit optical satellite camera MTF measuring method based on a convex reflector comprises a sunlight reflecting system arranged on the ground, wherein the sunlight reflecting system comprises a convex reflector array arranged at intervals, a tripod is arranged in a matched mode, an electric theodolite internally provided with a GPS and calculation software is fixedly arranged on the tripod, the convex reflector is fixedly arranged above the electric theodolite, the electric theodolite is connected with an electronic handbook in a matched mode, a sun observer is arranged on one side of the edge of the convex reflector, and the specific implementation steps are as follows:
(1) calibration of the sun: adjusting the positions of the convex lenses through the observation holes of the solar observers on the convex reflectors to make the central normal lines of the mirror surfaces of the convex reflectors consistent with the sun rays, and taking down the solar observers after the adjustment is finished; the tracking setting of the sun is keyed in by operating the handbook with the electric theodolite;
(2) satellite calibration: inputting satellite parameters (the time, the zenith angle and the azimuth angle of the satellite passing through the sky above the city) of the satellite camera to be detected in the operation handbook;
(3) the GPS and the calculation software arranged in each electric theodolite automatically measure the position of the sun, calculate the azimuth angle and the pitch angle of the convex reflector at the moment when the satellite passes through the sky in the city, and drive the convex reflector to automatically rotate to a proper angle at the preset moment, so that the sunlight incident to the convex reflector array is reflected to an optical satellite camera on the satellite to finish imaging.
(4) And sending the imaged image back to the ground for detection and analysis to finish the detection of MTF of the optical satellite camera.
The built-in GPS and calculation software of the electric theodolite can be used for automatically measuring the time and the place of the sun and calculating and controlling the azimuth and the pitching rotation angle of the convex reflector.
According to the requirement that the optical satellite camera receives proper luminous flux, the energy reflected by the convex reflector to the entrance pupil of the satellite camera is matched with the energy reflected by the ideal lambertian ground surface of the solar illumination to the entrance pupil of the satellite camera in the ground sampling interval, and the luminous flux received by the optical satellite camera is close to the high end of the dynamic range of the camera and has the maximum signal-to-noise ratio. In order to meet the requirement of on-track two-dimensional PSF/MTF detection, the convex mirror device is miniaturized and lightened as much as possible and is suitable for field operation. Considering the influence of factors such as orbit prediction precision and light beam pointing error, ground sampling interval (GSD) of an optical satellite camera, a ground object target, a convex reflector of a point light source and the like, the convex reflector is reasonably designed, processed and installed on the device.
The detection principle is as follows:
according to the optical principle and the fourier optics, the imaging relationship of the optical satellite camera for the linear displacement invariant system can be expressed as follows:
（1）
wherein,is the output of the image or images,is an observation target ""is the sign of the convolution operation,is the point spread function of the imaging system.
When the input is a point-laser light source (such as a convex mirror), the imaging relationship of the system can be abbreviated as follows according to the convolution theorem:
（2）
at this time, the output of the system shows the point spread characteristic of the system, and the two-dimensional modulation transfer function representing the space characteristic of the optical satellite camera can be obtained by taking the Fourier transform and the modulus of the system point spread function obtained by detection.
With the continuous improvement of the spatial resolution of an optical satellite camera, a GPS (RTK) measuring system can be used for laying an ideal point target on the ground and directly detecting the two-dimensional spatial characteristic of an imaging system of the optical satellite camera. According to the reflection law of light, the convex reflector can disperse approximately parallel incident sunlight by a certain angle, so that the optical satellite camera can image the sunlight in a large range. The convex reflector is used as a point light source, and the parameters such as PSF/MTF and the like can be directly detected in an on-track way.
The invention has the advantages that:
the method does not need parameters such as gain, radiation responsivity and the like of an optical satellite camera, and has wide practicability. The detection method for the on-track detection MTF of the convex reflector has the advantages of simple structure, miniaturization, light weight and simple and convenient operation, and is suitable for field work.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the device of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the detection of the present invention.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, the method for measuring the MTF of the in-orbit optical satellite camera based on the convex reflector comprises a sunlight reflecting system arranged on the ground, the sunlight reflecting system comprises 5 x 5 convex reflector arrays arranged at intervals, a tripod 1 is arranged in a matched manner, an electric theodolite 2 internally provided with a GPS and calculation software is fixedly arranged on the tripod, a convex reflector 3 is fixedly arranged above the electric theodolite 2, an electronic handbook is connected with the electric theodolite 2 in a matched manner, a sun observer is arranged on one side of the edge of the convex reflector, and the method comprises the following concrete implementation steps:
(1) calibration of the sun: adjusting the positions of the convex lenses through the observation holes of the solar observers on the convex reflectors to make the central normal lines of the mirror surfaces of the convex reflectors consistent with the sun rays, and taking down the solar observers after the adjustment is finished; the tracking setting of the sun is keyed in by operating the handbook with the electric theodolite;
(2) satellite calibration: inputting satellite parameters (the time, the zenith angle and the azimuth angle of the satellite passing through the sky above the city) of the satellite camera to be detected in the operation handbook;
(3) the GPS and the calculation software arranged in each electric theodolite automatically measure the position of the sun, calculate the azimuth angle and the pitch angle of the convex reflector at the moment when the satellite passes through the sky in the city, and drive the convex reflector to automatically rotate to a proper angle at the preset moment, so that the sunlight incident to the convex reflector array is reflected to an optical satellite camera on the satellite to finish imaging.
(4) And sending the imaged image back to the ground for detection and analysis to finish the detection of MTF of the optical satellite camera.
Claims (1)
1. The method for measuring the MTF of the in-orbit optical satellite camera based on the convex reflector is characterized by comprising the following steps of: including setting up in subaerial sunlight reflecting system, sunlight reflecting system include the convex surface speculum array that the interval was arranged, the supporting tripod that is provided with, fixed mounting has the built-in electronic theodolite that has GPS and calculation software on the tripod, convex surface speculum fixed mounting is in electronic theodolite top, the supporting electron handbook that is connected with of electronic theodolite, convex surface speculum edge one side install the sun viewer, concrete implementation steps are as follows:
(1) calibration of the sun: adjusting the positions of the convex reflectors through the observation holes of the solar observers on the convex reflectors to make the central normal lines of the mirror surfaces of the convex reflectors consistent with the sun rays, and taking down the solar observers after the adjustment is finished; the tracking setting of the sun is keyed in by operating the handbook with the electric theodolite;
(2) satellite calibration: inputting satellite parameters of a satellite camera to be detected in the operation handbook, wherein the satellite parameters are the time, the zenith angle and the azimuth angle of the satellite passing through the sky above the city;
(3) the GPS and the calculation software which are arranged in each electric theodolite automatically measure the position of the sun, the azimuth angle and the pitch angle of the convex reflector at the moment when the satellite passes through the city sky are calculated, each electric theodolite drives the convex reflector to automatically rotate to a proper angle at the moment when the satellite passes through the city sky, and then sunlight which is incident on the convex reflector array is reflected to an optical satellite camera on the satellite to finish imaging;
(4) and sending the imaged image back to the ground for detection and analysis to finish the detection of MTF of the optical satellite camera.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103970993B (en) * | 2014-04-30 | 2017-07-25 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | A kind of modulation transfer function measuring method for star loaded camera |
| CN104298844B (en) * | 2014-05-23 | 2017-04-12 | 中国科学院光电研究院 | Method for obtaining measurement precision of optical remote sensing load on-orbit modulation transfer function (MTF) measured through dot matrix method |
| CN106500590A (en) * | 2016-12-15 | 2017-03-15 | 宁夏共享模具有限公司 | A kind of laser interferometer interferoscope adjusts platform |
| CN107782279B (en) * | 2017-09-14 | 2019-09-10 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | A kind of method of the modulation transfer function of testing photoelectronic theodolite at outfield |
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| EP0524043A1 (en) * | 1991-06-27 | 1993-01-20 | Centre National D'etudes Spatiales | Image processing and recording method and pick-up device for carrying out this method |
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| JP2002122774A (en) * | 2000-10-16 | 2002-04-26 | Nec Corp | System and method for determing focal position |
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