CN103128227A - Method for manufacturing shell surface layer formed by stainless steel precision casting - Google Patents
Method for manufacturing shell surface layer formed by stainless steel precision casting Download PDFInfo
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- CN103128227A CN103128227A CN201310072328XA CN201310072328A CN103128227A CN 103128227 A CN103128227 A CN 103128227A CN 201310072328X A CN201310072328X A CN 201310072328XA CN 201310072328 A CN201310072328 A CN 201310072328A CN 103128227 A CN103128227 A CN 103128227A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for manufacturing a shell surface layer formed by stainless steel precision casting, and belongs to the technical field of investment casting. The method comprises the following steps of: preparing shell surface layer slurry by mixing 5-10kg of deionized water, 100-150g of a sterilizing agent, 600-700kg of 200-325-meshed fused magnesite fine powder, 20-30kg of polyvinyl acetate emulsion, 100-150g of a wetting agent and 50-100g of a defoaming agent into every 100kg of silica sol; and immersing a wax die into the shell surface layer slurry, scattering sand on the surface of the wax die, and drying the slurry to obtain a ceramic shell surface layer. By using the method, the shortcomings that the price of the zircon sand type ceramic shell surface layer in the stainless steel casting industry is high and the surface quality of a casting is low because of quartz, aluminum oxide or mullite shell surface layers are overcome; the invention aims to provide the method for manufacturing the shell surface layer by taking the silica sol as an adhesive and fused magnesite as a fireproof raw material; the manufactured shell surface layer is low in cost; and furthermore, other performance indexes can meet the stainless steel precision casting requirements.
Description
Technical field
What the present invention relates to is a kind of method of model casting technical field, specifically a kind of take Ludox as binding agent, substitute the shell surface layer manufacture method that is used for the precision stainless steel casting of zircon sand with fused magnesite.
Background technology
Model casting claims again " lost-wax casting ", is a kind of rapid metallic prototyping technique of near net-shape, and its application is very extensive.This technology is not only applicable to the casting of all kinds, various alloys, and the casting dimension accuracy of producing is high, and surface quality is good, is particularly useful for complex structure, the difficult foundry goods of processing that other casting method is difficult to prepare.To improving constantly that foundry goods requires, the model casting technology has all obtained significant progress from material, equipment and process aspect along with industrial circles such as aviation, automobile, lathe, boats and ships, internal combustion engine, steam turbine, telecommunication equipment, weapon, medicine equipment and cutters.
In casting process, the preparation technology of ceramic shell and quality control thereof are to determine one of key factor of casting dimension accuracy, metallurgical quality.Wherein especially important with the shell surface layer in shell, this is because the shell surface layer directly contacts with metal bath, is bearing heat engine tool, the heat chemistry effect of high-temperature fusant, and the surface smoothness of foundry goods also directly depends on the shell surface layer simultaneously.At present, the binding agent that domestic and international making shell surface layer adopts is waterglass or Ludox, the preparation surface layer slurry take silica flour, α-high-temperature oxydation aluminium powder, zirconium English powder or mullite powder etc. as raw material, and take quartz sand, emergy, zircon sand or mullite sand as sanding material.Although wherein sodium silicate shell is cheap, its rate of drying is slow, intensity is low, and is replaced by Ludox gradually; And in above-mentioned various refractory materials, the foundry goods surface smoothness that the shell surface layer of making take zirconium English powder (sand) although as raw material is poured into a mould is best, and its price is high, has increased the casting cost.In the precision-investment casting of various alloys, the pouring temperature of stainless cast steel part is often over 1600 ℃, except zirconium English powder (sand), coarse with the cast(ing) surface that quartz, aluminium oxide, the shell surface layer of mullite making are poured into a mould, affected the quality of foundry goods, simultaneous oxidation aluminium surface layer also can cause the phenomenon of foundry goods scab.Therefore for the model casting industry, stainless steel casting industry is especially selected and is had that cost is low, refractoriness is high and make the shell surface layer with the refractory material that pyroreaction do not occur stainless steel melt, is its urgent demand.
find through the retrieval to prior art, Chinese patent literature CN101362184A, open day: 20090211, put down in writing a kind of stainless steel, the manufacture method of carbon steel precision casting surface shell, it is binding agent that this technology adopts Ludox, 300 purpose zirconium English powder are that primary raw material has been prepared surface layer slurry, then with 80-100 purpose mullite sand as the molding sand raw material, made and be used for stainless steel, the surface shell of cast carbon steel, due to the price of mullite sand lower than zircon sand, therefore with traditional with zircon sand, zirconium English powder is that the surface shell of raw material preparation is compared, cost only reduces 10-20%, owing to having adopted the primary raw material of zirconium English powder as surface shell coating, cost is still far above with the surface shell of quartz as primary raw material.
Fused magnesite is the high pure oxide that the high-quality giobertite forms after high-temperature fusion in electric arc furnaces, its main feature is: structural integrity, dense structure, fusing point high (reaching 2800 ℃), stable chemical performance, compressive resistance is large, insulating properties are strong, and resistance to erosion is corrosion-resistant, being the important source material of metallurgy, building materials, light industry, furnace lining and loose shape material, is also the indispensable important refractory materials of industry such as iron and steel, cement, glass, non-ferrous metal metallurgy.Its main application is: make the special quality fire-bricks such as the auxiliary refractory material such as high-purity fused magnesite, gunning refractory, ramming mass and steel flow port brick, magnesia brick, magnesite-chrome brick in metallurgical refractory industry, also can do refractory lining on vacuum and non-vacuum induction furnace, electric arc furnaces, be the desirable feedstock of making magnesia crucible, flue and various high warm sleeves.
On price, fused magnesite is only 5% left and right of zircon sand, also lower than electrofused mullite, a little more than quartz sand, be alkalescent because of its chemical property simultaneously, good with alkaline silica sol binding agent compatibility, therefore can be used as the refractory material of making high performance-price ratio ceramic shell surface layer, be used for the casting of the alloy of pouring temperature more than 1600 ℃, especially stainless casting.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the prior art above shortcomings, a kind of shell surface layer manufacture method for the precision stainless steel casting is proposed, expensive for zircon sand class ceramic shell surface layer in the stainless steel casting industry, and quartzy, aluminium oxide or mullite class shell surface layer cause poor etc. the deficiency of surface quality of continuous castings, purpose is to provide a kind of take Ludox as binding agent, shell surface layer manufacture method take fused magnesite as refractory raw material, not only cost is low for the shell surface layer of made, and all other performance indications all can reach precision stainless steel casting requirement.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions, the present invention is with in every 100kg Ludox, the proportioning preparation of defoamer of joining polyvinyl acetate emulsion, 100-150g wetting agent, the 50-100g of 200 orders-325 purpose fused magnesite fine powder, the 20-30kg of 5-10kg deionized water, 100-150g bactericide, 600-700kg obtains the shell surface layer slurry, makes the ceramic shell surface layer after wax-pattern is immersed the shell surface layer slurry after its surperficial stucco and drying.
Described preparation refers to: mix respectively then merging by Ludox, deionized water, bactericide, fused magnesite fine powder and polyvinyl acetate emulsion, wetting agent, defoamer being divided two groups, make the shell surface layer slurry of viscosity between 32-36s.
Described preparation specifically comprises the following steps:
1) Ludox, deionized water, bactericide are mixed in slurry compounding machine, and slowly start slurry compounding machine and mix; Then add the fused magnesite fine powder, and keep whirlpool in process for preparation, when adding the fused magnesite fine powder, adopt slurry compounding machine to stir or add human assistance and stir, the fused magnesite fine powder is dispersed in Ludox fully, and the temperature that overall process is controlled slurry by the frozen water machine is no more than 26.7 ° of C;
2) with polyvinyl acetate emulsion, wetting agent, defoamer additional mixing: first add polyvinyl acetate emulsion, slowly add again wetting agent and defoamer, stirring was advisable with 3-5 minute, then mixed liquor is joined and stir more than 2 hours in the slurry compounding machine in step 1 and further, move to again and be stained with in the slurry bucket, keep slurry to stir constantly in being stained with the slurry bucket, viscosity can reach 32-36s after 6h stirs, and namely makes qualified shell investment precoat.Because As time goes on the moisture in slurry can volatilize, therefore in slurry, the ratio of each component can change to some extent, slurry viscosity can increase gradually, therefore in follow-up slurry maintenance process, if viscosity is higher than 36s, can suitably add Ludox and dilute, make slurry viscosity be in 32-36s and get final product.
Described wax-pattern preferably first is placed in the wax-pattern cleaning fluid before immersion, soak approximately 30s, then takes out, and adopts clear water flushing, natural drying.
Described immersion refers to: wax-pattern slowly is immersed in the shell surface layer slurry, rotates 3-5s, then take out wax-pattern is controlled slurry, until unnecessary slurry diffluence.
Described stucco refers to: adopt 70-120 purpose fused magnesite to carry out surperficial stucco, stucco forms the shell surface layer evenly, comprehensively.
Described drying refers to: carry out drying in the hothouse of humidity 60%-70%, temperature 22-25 ℃, be 6-8h drying time.
The present invention relates to the shell surface layer that said method prepares, its mechanical property is as follows: under normal temperature, (25 ℃) fracture resistance mean value is 3.0MPa(5 sample); Rupture strength mean value under 1200 ℃ is 7.4MPa(5 sample); The retained strength mean value that is cooled to 25 ℃ after 1400 ℃ of insulation 0.25h is 2.4MPa(5 sample).
Technique effect
Compare with the Ludox surface shell manufacture method that is used at present the stainless steel casting, because refractory raw material is not adopting expensive import zircon sand (powder), but adopt cheap domestic fused magnesite, the cost of manufacture decrease of shell surface layer; Owing to having added polyvinyl acetate emulsion as auxiliary binding agent in the shell surface layer slurry, make the shell surface layer have higher dry tenacity simultaneously; And compare with waterglass-quartzy shell surface layer cheaply, adopt the surface roughness decrease of the stainless cast steel part of ceramic shell surface layer cast of the present invention.The cast article that the surface shell of producing by this method makes in the precision stainless steel casting, after testing, property indices all reaches standard-required, not only dimensional accuracy is high, surface roughness value has also reached the foundry goods level that employing Ludox-zircon sand shell surface layer is made, and cost is equivalent to the 25-30% of Ludox-zircon sand shell.
The specific embodiment
The below elaborates to embodiments of the invention, and the present embodiment is implemented under take technical solution of the present invention as prerequisite, provided detailed embodiment and concrete operating process, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following embodiment.
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment is realized the production of precision stainless steel casting shell surface layer by following steps:
1. the preparation of shell surface layer slurry: 100kg Ludox, 5kg deionized water and 100g bactericide are joined in slurry compounding machine, slowly start slurry compounding machine and mix; Then in the 200 orders-325 purpose fused magnesite fine powder of 600kg being joined the with slurry bucket gradually under the condition that stirs, and be aided with artificial stirring, the fused magnesite fine powder is dispersed in Ludox fully, and controls the temperature of slurry by the frozen water machine, make temperature be no more than 26.7 ° of C; 20kg polyvinyl acetate emulsion, 100g wetting agent and 50g defoamer are mixed in the another one mixing tank respectively; First add polyvinyl acetate emulsion, more slowly add wetting agent and defoamer, can not Jia Detai fast, otherwise can make solution gel, stir and be advisable with 3-5 minute, mentioned solution is added in the slurry bucket, so far surface layer slurry preparation is complete; Slurry after preparation is completed stirs to move to more than 2 hours in slurry compounding machine again to be stained with in the slurry bucket; Keep slurry to stir constantly in being stained with the slurry bucket, and adopt No. 4 Zhan Shi flow velocity cups to measure slurry viscosities every 2h, reached 32s through the viscosity of 6h disposed slurry, can be stained with slurry.
2. the preparation of shell surface layer:
Wax-pattern is placed in the wax-pattern cleaning fluid, soaks approximately 30s, then take out, and adopt clear water flushing, natural drying.Cleaned wax-pattern slowly is immersed in the shell surface layer slurry, rotates 3-5s, then take out wax-pattern is controlled slurry, after treating that unnecessary slurry pours off, adopt 70-120 purpose fused magnesite to carry out surperficial stucco, stucco forms the shell surface layer evenly, comprehensively.
3. the drying of shell surface layer:
With the shell that hangs up properly fused magnesite be placed in that humidity is 65%, temperature is to carry out drying in the hothouse of 24 ℃, be 7h drying time, obtains the ceramic shell surface layer.
Adopt this shell surface layer, the stainless cast steel part of producing, after testing, the surface gray, smooth smooth, do not find that through x-ray examination the shell that exceeds standard is mingled with, metallurgical quality reaches standard-required, and production cost is compared Ludox-zirconium English powder (sand) shell surface layer and approximately reduced by 75%.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment is realized the production of precision stainless steel casting shell surface layer by following steps:
1. the preparation of shell surface layer slurry: 100kg Ludox, 7.5kg deionized water and 125g bactericide are joined in slurry compounding machine, slowly start slurry compounding machine and mix; Then in the 200 orders-325 purpose fused magnesite fine powder of 650kg being joined the with slurry bucket gradually under the condition that stirs, and be aided with artificial stirring, the fused magnesite fine powder is dispersed in Ludox fully, and controls the temperature of slurry by the frozen water machine, make temperature be no more than 26.7 ° of C; 25kg polyvinyl acetate emulsion, 125g wetting agent and 75g defoamer are mixed in the another one mixing tank respectively; First add polyvinyl acetate emulsion, more slowly add wetting agent and defoamer, can not Jia Detai fast, otherwise can make solution gel, stir and be advisable with 3-5 minute, mentioned solution is added in the slurry bucket, so far surface layer slurry preparation is complete; Slurry after preparation is completed stirs to move to more than 2 hours in slurry compounding machine again to be stained with in the slurry bucket; Keep slurry to stir constantly in being stained with the slurry bucket, and adopt No. 4 Zhan Shi flow velocity cups to measure slurry viscosities every 2h, reached 34s through the viscosity of 6h disposed slurry, can be stained with slurry.
2. the preparation of shell surface layer:
Wax-pattern is placed in the wax-pattern cleaning fluid, soaks approximately 30s, then take out, and adopt clear water flushing, natural drying.Cleaned wax-pattern slowly is immersed in the shell surface layer slurry, rotates 3-5s, then take out wax-pattern is controlled slurry, after treating that unnecessary slurry pours off, adopt 70-120 purpose fused magnesite to carry out surperficial stucco, stucco forms the shell surface layer evenly, comprehensively.
3. the drying of shell surface layer:
With the shell that hangs up properly fused magnesite be placed in that humidity is 65%, temperature is to carry out drying in the hothouse of 24 ℃, be 7h drying time, obtains the ceramic shell surface layer.
Adopt this shell surface layer, the stainless cast steel part of producing, after testing, the surface gray, smooth smooth, do not find that through x-ray examination the shell that exceeds standard is mingled with, metallurgical quality reaches standard-required, and production cost is compared Ludox-zirconium English powder (sand) shell surface layer and approximately reduced by 72%.
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment is realized the production of precision stainless steel casting shell surface layer by following steps:
1. the preparation of shell surface layer slurry: 100kg Ludox, 10kg deionized water and 150g bactericide are joined in slurry compounding machine, slowly start slurry compounding machine and mix; Then in the 200 orders-325 purpose fused magnesite fine powder of 700kg being joined the with slurry bucket gradually under the condition that stirs, and be aided with artificial stirring, the fused magnesite fine powder is dispersed in Ludox fully, and controls the temperature of slurry by the frozen water machine, make temperature be no more than 26.7 ° of C; 30kg polyvinyl acetate emulsion, 150g wetting agent and 100g defoamer are mixed in the another one mixing tank respectively; First add polyvinyl acetate emulsion, more slowly add wetting agent and defoamer, can not Jia Detai fast, otherwise can make solution gel, stir and be advisable with 3-5 minute, mentioned solution is added in the slurry bucket, so far surface layer slurry preparation is complete; Slurry after preparation is completed stirs to move to more than 2 hours in slurry compounding machine again to be stained with in the slurry bucket; Keep slurry to stir constantly in being stained with the slurry bucket, and adopt No. 4 Zhan Shi flow velocity cups to measure slurry viscosities every 2h, reached 36s through the viscosity of 6h disposed slurry, can be stained with slurry.
2. the preparation of shell surface layer:
Wax-pattern is placed in the wax-pattern cleaning fluid, soaks approximately 30s, then take out, and adopt clear water flushing, natural drying.Cleaned wax-pattern slowly is immersed in the shell surface layer slurry, rotates 3-5s, then take out wax-pattern is controlled slurry, after treating that unnecessary slurry pours off, adopt 70-120 purpose fused magnesite to carry out surperficial stucco, stucco forms the shell surface layer evenly, comprehensively.
3. the drying of shell surface layer:
With the shell that hangs up properly fused magnesite be placed in that humidity is 65%, temperature is to carry out drying in the hothouse of 24 ℃, be 7h drying time, obtains the ceramic shell surface layer.
Adopt this shell surface layer, the stainless cast steel part of producing, after testing, the surface gray, smooth smooth, do not find that through x-ray examination the shell that exceeds standard is mingled with, metallurgical quality reaches standard-required, and production cost is compared Ludox-zirconium English powder (sand) shell surface layer and approximately reduced by 70%.
The raw material sources that relate in above-described embodiment are: described Ludox is the alkaline silica sol that green technology Services Co., Ltd of nail (unit of length) section (China) provides, and the trade mark is 1130C; The Kathon CG that described bactericide provides for the Changjiang river, Heze chemical industry Co., Ltd, the trade mark are 1127; The purity of described fused magnesite is greater than 99%; Described polyvinyl acetate emulsion is provided by Hengyang City Feng Shi adhesive Co., Ltd, and solid content is that 42 ± 2%, pH value is 3-4; Described wetting agent is provided by green technology Services Co., Ltd of nail (unit of length) section (China), and the trade mark is 7856; Described defoamer is chemical pure n-butanol, is provided by Solution on Chemical Reagents in Shanghai company of traditional Chinese medicines groups.
Claims (8)
1. one kind is used for the shell surface layer manufacture method that precision stainless steel is cast, it is characterized in that, its raw material is with in every 100kg Ludox, the proportioning preparation of defoamer of joining polyvinyl acetate emulsion, 100-150g wetting agent, the 50-100g of 200 orders-325 purpose fused magnesite fine powder, the 20-30kg of 5-10kg deionized water, 100-150g bactericide, 600-700kg obtains the shell surface layer slurry, makes the ceramic shell surface layer after wax-pattern is immersed the shell surface layer slurry after its surperficial stucco and drying.
2. method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described preparation refers to: mix respectively then merging by Ludox, deionized water, bactericide, fused magnesite fine powder and polyvinyl acetate emulsion, wetting agent, defoamer being divided two groups, make the shell surface layer slurry of viscosity between 32-36s.
3. method according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, described preparation specifically comprises the following steps:
1) Ludox, deionized water, bactericide are mixed in slurry compounding machine, and slowly start slurry compounding machine and mix; Then add the fused magnesite fine powder, and keep whirlpool in process for preparation, when adding the fused magnesite fine powder, adopt slurry compounding machine to stir or add human assistance and stir, the fused magnesite fine powder is dispersed in Ludox fully, and the temperature that overall process is controlled slurry by the frozen water machine is no more than 26.7 ° of C;
2) with polyvinyl acetate emulsion, wetting agent, defoamer additional mixing: first add polyvinyl acetate emulsion, slowly add again wetting agent and defoamer, stirring was advisable with 3-5 minute, then mixed liquor is joined and stir more than 2 hours in the slurry compounding machine in step 1 and further, move to again and be stained with in the slurry bucket, keep slurry to stir constantly in being stained with the slurry bucket, viscosity can reach 32-36s after 6h stirs, and namely makes qualified shell investment precoat.Because As time goes on the moisture in slurry can volatilize, therefore in slurry, the ratio of each component can change to some extent, slurry viscosity can increase gradually, therefore in follow-up slurry maintenance process, if viscosity is higher than 36s, can suitably add Ludox and dilute, make slurry viscosity be in 32-36s and get final product.
4. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described wax-pattern first is placed in the wax-pattern cleaning fluid before immersion, soak approximately 30s, then takes out, and adopt clear water flushing, natural drying.
5. according to claim 1 or 4 described methods, is characterized in that, described immersion refers to: wax-pattern slowly is immersed in the shell surface layer slurry, rotates 3-5s, then take out wax-pattern is controlled slurry, until unnecessary slurry diffluence.
6. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described stucco refers to: adopt 70-120 purpose fused magnesite to carry out surperficial stucco, stucco forms the shell surface layer evenly, comprehensively.
7. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described drying refers to: carry out drying in the hothouse of humidity 60%-70%, temperature 22-25 ℃, be 6-8h drying time.
8. a shell surface layer for preparing according to the described method of above-mentioned arbitrary claim, is characterized in that, 25 ℃ of fracture resistance mean values are 3.0MPa; Rupture strength mean value under 1200 ℃ is 7.4MPa; The retained strength mean value that is cooled to 25 ℃ after 1400 ℃ of insulation 0.25h is 2.4MPa.
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Cited By (7)
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| CN104399874A (en) * | 2014-12-01 | 2015-03-11 | 上海交通大学 | Hexagonal boron nitride type mold shell investment precoat for precision casting of magnesium alloy investment |
| CN105522112A (en) * | 2016-01-07 | 2016-04-27 | 上海交通大学 | High-collapsibility ceramic shell for manufacturing magnesium alloy fusible pattern and preparation method for high-collapsibility ceramic shell |
| CN109909445A (en) * | 2019-01-25 | 2019-06-21 | 上海交通大学 | Inhibit the ceramic shell and preparation method of the scab of high-temperature alloy turbine blade surface |
| CN112570643A (en) * | 2020-11-12 | 2021-03-30 | 中国航发沈阳黎明航空发动机有限责任公司 | Surface layer slurry for ceramic shell of directional and single crystal blade and preparation method |
| CN112589052A (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2021-04-02 | 杨开发 | Process for manufacturing precision casting silica sol shell |
| CN114279802A (en) * | 2021-12-27 | 2022-04-05 | 西北工业大学 | High-temperature alloy fluidity test die and preparation method of test sample |
| CN114833300A (en) * | 2022-05-18 | 2022-08-02 | 上海交通大学 | Sialon ceramic shell surface layer slurry and preparation method and application thereof |
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Cited By (9)
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| CN104399874A (en) * | 2014-12-01 | 2015-03-11 | 上海交通大学 | Hexagonal boron nitride type mold shell investment precoat for precision casting of magnesium alloy investment |
| CN105522112A (en) * | 2016-01-07 | 2016-04-27 | 上海交通大学 | High-collapsibility ceramic shell for manufacturing magnesium alloy fusible pattern and preparation method for high-collapsibility ceramic shell |
| CN109909445A (en) * | 2019-01-25 | 2019-06-21 | 上海交通大学 | Inhibit the ceramic shell and preparation method of the scab of high-temperature alloy turbine blade surface |
| CN112570643A (en) * | 2020-11-12 | 2021-03-30 | 中国航发沈阳黎明航空发动机有限责任公司 | Surface layer slurry for ceramic shell of directional and single crystal blade and preparation method |
| CN112570643B (en) * | 2020-11-12 | 2022-04-05 | 中国航发沈阳黎明航空发动机有限责任公司 | Surface layer slurry for ceramic shell of directional and single crystal blade and preparation method |
| CN112589052A (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2021-04-02 | 杨开发 | Process for manufacturing precision casting silica sol shell |
| CN114279802A (en) * | 2021-12-27 | 2022-04-05 | 西北工业大学 | High-temperature alloy fluidity test die and preparation method of test sample |
| CN114279802B (en) * | 2021-12-27 | 2024-04-12 | 西北工业大学 | High-temperature alloy fluidity test die and preparation method of test sample |
| CN114833300A (en) * | 2022-05-18 | 2022-08-02 | 上海交通大学 | Sialon ceramic shell surface layer slurry and preparation method and application thereof |
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