CN103128227B - Method for manufacturing shell surface layer formed by stainless steel precision casting - Google Patents
Method for manufacturing shell surface layer formed by stainless steel precision casting Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for manufacturing a shell surface layer formed by stainless steel precision casting, and belongs to the technical field of investment casting. The method comprises the following steps of: preparing shell surface layer slurry by mixing 5-10kg of deionized water, 100-150g of a sterilizing agent, 600-700kg of 200-325-meshed fused magnesite fine powder, 20-30kg of polyvinyl acetate emulsion, 100-150g of a wetting agent and 50-100g of a defoaming agent into every 100kg of silica sol; and immersing a wax die into the shell surface layer slurry, scattering sand on the surface of the wax die, and drying the slurry to obtain a ceramic shell surface layer. By using the method, the shortcomings that the price of the zircon sand type ceramic shell surface layer in the stainless steel casting industry is high and the surface quality of a casting is low because of quartz, aluminum oxide or mullite shell surface layers are overcome; the invention aims to provide the method for manufacturing the shell surface layer by taking the silica sol as an adhesive and fused magnesite as a fireproof raw material; the manufactured shell surface layer is low in cost; and furthermore, other performance indexes can meet the stainless steel precision casting requirements.
Description
Technical field
What the present invention relates to is a kind of method of Investment casting technology field, specifically a kind of take Ludox as binding agent, the shell surface layer manufacture method for precision stainless steel casting of carrying out alternative zircon sand with fused magnesite.
Background technology
Model casting, also known as " lost-wax casting ", is a kind of rapid metallic prototyping technique of near net-shape, and its application widely.This technology is not only applicable to the casting of all kinds, various alloy, and the casting dimension accuracy produced is high, and surface quality is good, is particularly useful for other casting method and is difficult to the complex structure prepared, the foundry goods not easily processed.Along with industrial circle improving constantly castings desire such as aviation, automobile, lathe, boats and ships, internal combustion engine, steam turbine, telecommunication equipment, weapon, medicine equipment and cutters, Investment casting technology is obtained for significant progress from material, equipment and process aspect.
In casting process, the preparation technology of ceramic shell and quality control thereof are one of key factors determining casting dimension accuracy, metallurgical quality.Wherein especially important with the shell surface layer in shell, this is because shell surface layer directly contacts with metal bath, subject the thermomechanical of high-temperature fusant, heat chemistry effect, the surface smoothness of foundry goods also directly depends on shell surface layer simultaneously.At present, the binding agent that domestic and international making shell surface layer adopts is waterglass or Ludox, with silica flour, α-high-temperature oxydation aluminium powder, zirconium English powder or mullite powder etc. for raw material preparation surface layer slurry, and with quartz sand, emergy, zircon sand or mullite sand for sanding material.Although wherein sodium silicate shell is cheap, its rate of drying is slow, intensity is low, and gradually replace by Ludox; And in above-mentioned various refractory materials, the shell surface layer foundry goods surface smoothness of pouring into a mould made with zirconium English powder (sand) although for raw material is best, its price is high, adds casting cost.In the precision-investment casting of various alloy, the pouring temperature of stainless cast steel part is often beyond 1600 DEG C, except zirconium English powder (sand), the cast(ing) surface that the shell surface layer made with quartz, aluminium oxide, mullite is poured into a mould is coarse, have impact on the quality of foundry goods, simultaneous oxidation aluminium surface layer also can cause the phenomenon of foundry goods scab.Therefore for model casting industry, especially stainless steel casting industry, selecting and have that cost is low, refractoriness is high and the refractory material of pyroreaction do not occur to make shell surface layer with stainless steel melt, is its urgent demand.
Through finding the retrieval of prior art, Chinese patent literature CN101362184A, publication date: 20090211, describe a kind of stainless steel, the manufacture method of carbon steel precision casting surface shell, this technology adopts Ludox to be binding agent, 300 object zirconium English powder are that primary raw material has prepared surface layer slurry, then using 80-100 object mullite sand as molding sand raw material, make for stainless steel, the surface shell of cast carbon steel, because the price of mullite sand is lower than zircon sand, therefore with traditional with zircon sand, zirconium English powder is that surface shell prepared by raw material is compared, cost only reduces 10-20%, owing to have employed the primary raw material of zirconium English powder as surface shell coating, cost is still far above using quartz as the surface shell of primary raw material.
Fused magnesite is the high pure oxide that high-quality giobertite is formed in electric arc furnaces after high-temperature fusion, its main feature is: structural integrity, dense structure, fusing point high (reaching 2800 DEG C), stable chemical performance, compressive resistance is large, insulating properties are strong, and resistance to erosion is corrosion-resistant, being the important source material of metallurgy, building materials, light industry, furnace lining and loose shape material, is also the indispensable important refractory materials of industry such as iron and steel, cement, glass, non-ferrous metal metallurgy.Its main application is: in metallurgical refractory industry, make the special quality fire-bricks such as the auxiliary refractory material such as high-purity fused magnesite, gunning refractory, ramming mass and steel flow port brick, magnesia brick, magnesite-chrome brick, also can do refractory lining on vacuum and non-vacuum induction furnace, electric arc furnaces, be the desirable feedstock making magnesia crucible, flue and various high warm sleeve.
In price, fused magnesite is only about 5% of zircon sand, also lower than electrofused mullite, a little more than quartz sand, simultaneously because its chemical property is alkalescent, good with alkaline silica sol binding agent compatibility, therefore can as the refractory material manufacturing high performance-price ratio ceramic shell surface layer, for the casting of the alloy of pouring temperature more than 1600 DEG C, especially stainless casting.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to prior art above shortcomings, a kind of shell surface layer manufacture method for precision stainless steel casting is proposed, expensive for zircon sand class ceramic shell surface layer in stainless steel casting industry, and quartz, aluminium oxide or mullite class shell surface layer cause the deficiency of surface quality of continuous castings difference etc., it is binding agent with Ludox that object is to provide a kind of, take fused magnesite as the shell surface layer manufacture method of refractory raw material, not only cost is low for made shell surface layer, and all other performance indications all can reach precision stainless steel casting requirement.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions, the present invention is with in every 100kg Ludox, join 5-10kg deionized water, 100-150g bactericide, 200 order-325 object fused magnesite fine powders of 600-700kg, the polyvinyl acetate emulsion of 20-30kg, 100-150g wetting agent, 50-100g the proportioning preparation of defoamer obtain shell surface layer slurry, wax-pattern to be immersed after shell surface layer slurry in its surperficial stucco and dry after obtained ceramic shell surface layer.
Described preparation refers to: by Ludox, deionized water, bactericide, fused magnesite fine powder and polyvinyl acetate emulsion, wetting agent, defoamer being divided two groups to carry out mixing respectively then merging, make the shell surface layer slurry of viscosity between 32-36s.
Described preparation specifically comprises the following steps:
1) Ludox, deionized water, bactericide are mixed in slurry compounding machine, and slowly startup slurry compounding machine mixes; Then fused magnesite fine powder is added, and whirlpool is kept in process for preparation, while adding fused magnesite fine powder, adopt slurry compounding machine to carry out stirring or add human assistance to stir, fused magnesite fine powder is dispersed in Ludox completely, and the temperature that overall process controls slurry by frozen water machine is no more than 26.7 ° of C;
2) by polyvinyl acetate emulsion, wetting agent, defoamer additional mixing: first add polyvinyl acetate emulsion, slowly add wetting agent and defoamer again, stir and be advisable with 3-5 minute, then mixed liquor is joined in the slurry compounding machine in step 1 and also stir more than 2 hours further, move to again and be stained with in slurry bucket, keep slurry to stir constantly being stained with in slurry bucket, after 6h stirs, viscosity can reach 32-36s, i.e. obtained qualified shell surface layer coating.Because As time goes on the moisture in slurry can volatilize, therefore in slurry, the ratio of each component can change to some extent, slurry viscosity can increase gradually, therefore in follow-up slurry maintenance process, if viscosity is higher than 36s, can suitably add Ludox to dilute, make slurry viscosity be in 32-36s.
Described wax-pattern is preferably first placed in wax-pattern cleaning fluid before immersion, soaks about 30s, then takes out, and adopts clear water flushing, natural drying.
Described immersion refers to: be slowly immersed in by wax-pattern in shell surface layer slurry, rotates 3-5s, then takes out and wax-pattern carried out control and starch, until unnecessary slurry diffluence.
Described stucco refers to: adopt 70-120 object fused magnesite to carry out surperficial stucco, stucco evenly, comprehensively, forms shell surface layer.
Described drying refers to: in the hothouse of humidity 60%-70%, temperature 22-25 DEG C, carry out drying, drying time is 6-8h.
The present invention relates to the shell surface layer that said method prepares, its mechanical property is as follows: under normal temperature, (25 DEG C) fracture resistance mean value is 3.0MPa(5 sample); Rupture strength mean value at 1200 DEG C is 7.4MPa(5 sample); The retained strength mean value being cooled to 25 DEG C after 1400 DEG C of insulation 0.25h is 2.4MPa(5 sample).
Technique effect
Compared with current Ludox surface shell manufacture method of casting for stainless steel, because refractory raw material is not the expensive import zircon sand (powder) of employing, but adopt cheap domestic fused magnesite, the cost of manufacture of shell surface layer significantly reduces; Simultaneously owing to adding polyvinyl acetate emulsion as auxiliary binding agent in shell surface layer slurry, shell surface layer is made to have higher dry tenacity; And compared with the waterglass-quartzy shell surface layer of low cost, the surface roughness of the stainless cast steel part adopting ceramic shell surface layer of the present invention to pour into a mould significantly reduces.The cast article that the surface shell produced by this method is obtained in precision stainless steel casting, after testing, property indices all reaches standard-required, not only dimensional accuracy is high, surface roughness value also reaches the foundry goods level that employing Ludox-zircon sand shell surface layer makes, and cost is then equivalent to the 25-30% of Ludox-zircon sand shell.
Detailed description of the invention
Elaborate to embodiments of the invention below, the present embodiment is implemented under premised on technical solution of the present invention, give detailed embodiment and concrete operating process, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following embodiment.
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment realizes the production of precision stainless steel casting shell surface layer by following steps:
1. the preparation of shell surface layer slurry: join in slurry compounding machine by 100kg Ludox, 5kg deionized water and 100g bactericide, slowly starts slurry compounding machine and mixes; Then 200 order-325 object fused magnesite fine powders of 600kg are joined in bucket with slurry gradually under the condition stirred, and be aided with artificial stirring, fused magnesite fine powder is dispersed in Ludox completely, and controls the temperature of slurry by frozen water machine, make temperature be no more than 26.7 ° of C; 20kg polyvinyl acetate emulsion, 100g wetting agent and 50g defoamer are mixed respectively in another one mixing tank; First add polyvinyl acetate emulsion, more slowly add wetting agent and defoamer, can not Jia get Tai fast, otherwise can make solution gel, stir and be advisable with 3-5 minute, added by above-mentioned solution in slurry bucket, so far surface layer slurry preparation is complete; Slurry after having prepared stirs to move to for more than 2 hours in slurry compounding machine to be again stained with in slurry bucket; Keep slurry to stir constantly being stained with in slurry bucket, and adopt No. 4 Zhan Shi flow velocity cups to measure slurry viscosities every 2h, the viscosity through 6h disposed slurry reaches 32s, can carry out being stained with slurry.
2. the preparation of shell surface layer:
Wax-pattern is placed in wax-pattern cleaning fluid, soaks about 30s, then take out, and adopt clear water flushing, natural drying.Cleaned wax-pattern is slowly immersed in shell surface layer slurry, rotates 3-5s, then take out and wax-pattern carried out control slurry, after treating that unnecessary slurry pours off, adopt 70-120 object fused magnesite to carry out surperficial stucco, stucco evenly, comprehensive, then form shell surface layer.
3. the drying of shell surface layer:
The shell hanging up properly fused magnesite is placed in humidity is 65%, temperature is carry out drying in the hothouse of 24 DEG C, drying time is 7h, obtains ceramic shell surface layer.
Adopt this shell surface layer, the stainless cast steel part produced, after testing, surface gray, through x-ray examination, flat smooth, does not find that the shell exceeded standard is mingled with, metallurgical quality reaches standard-required, and production cost is compared Ludox-zirconium English powder (sand) shell surface layer and about reduced 75%.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment realizes the production of precision stainless steel casting shell surface layer by following steps:
1. the preparation of shell surface layer slurry: join in slurry compounding machine by 100kg Ludox, 7.5kg deionized water and 125g bactericide, slowly starts slurry compounding machine and mixes; Then 200 order-325 object fused magnesite fine powders of 650kg are joined in bucket with slurry gradually under the condition stirred, and be aided with artificial stirring, fused magnesite fine powder is dispersed in Ludox completely, and controls the temperature of slurry by frozen water machine, make temperature be no more than 26.7 ° of C; 25kg polyvinyl acetate emulsion, 125g wetting agent and 75g defoamer are mixed respectively in another one mixing tank; First add polyvinyl acetate emulsion, more slowly add wetting agent and defoamer, can not Jia get Tai fast, otherwise can make solution gel, stir and be advisable with 3-5 minute, added by above-mentioned solution in slurry bucket, so far surface layer slurry preparation is complete; Slurry after having prepared stirs to move to for more than 2 hours in slurry compounding machine to be again stained with in slurry bucket; Keep slurry to stir constantly being stained with in slurry bucket, and adopt No. 4 Zhan Shi flow velocity cups to measure slurry viscosities every 2h, the viscosity through 6h disposed slurry reaches 34s, can carry out being stained with slurry.
2. the preparation of shell surface layer:
Wax-pattern is placed in wax-pattern cleaning fluid, soaks about 30s, then take out, and adopt clear water flushing, natural drying.Cleaned wax-pattern is slowly immersed in shell surface layer slurry, rotates 3-5s, then take out and wax-pattern carried out control slurry, after treating that unnecessary slurry pours off, adopt 70-120 object fused magnesite to carry out surperficial stucco, stucco evenly, comprehensive, then form shell surface layer.
3. the drying of shell surface layer:
The shell hanging up properly fused magnesite is placed in humidity is 65%, temperature is carry out drying in the hothouse of 24 DEG C, drying time is 7h, obtains ceramic shell surface layer.
Adopt this shell surface layer, the stainless cast steel part produced, after testing, surface gray, through x-ray examination, flat smooth, does not find that the shell exceeded standard is mingled with, metallurgical quality reaches standard-required, and production cost is compared Ludox-zirconium English powder (sand) shell surface layer and about reduced 72%.
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment realizes the production of precision stainless steel casting shell surface layer by following steps:
1. the preparation of shell surface layer slurry: join in slurry compounding machine by 100kg Ludox, 10kg deionized water and 150g bactericide, slowly starts slurry compounding machine and mixes; Then 200 order-325 object fused magnesite fine powders of 700kg are joined in bucket with slurry gradually under the condition stirred, and be aided with artificial stirring, fused magnesite fine powder is dispersed in Ludox completely, and controls the temperature of slurry by frozen water machine, make temperature be no more than 26.7 ° of C; 30kg polyvinyl acetate emulsion, 150g wetting agent and 100g defoamer are mixed respectively in another one mixing tank; First add polyvinyl acetate emulsion, more slowly add wetting agent and defoamer, can not Jia get Tai fast, otherwise can make solution gel, stir and be advisable with 3-5 minute, added by above-mentioned solution in slurry bucket, so far surface layer slurry preparation is complete; Slurry after having prepared stirs to move to for more than 2 hours in slurry compounding machine to be again stained with in slurry bucket; Keep slurry to stir constantly being stained with in slurry bucket, and adopt No. 4 Zhan Shi flow velocity cups to measure slurry viscosities every 2h, the viscosity through 6h disposed slurry reaches 36s, can carry out being stained with slurry.
2. the preparation of shell surface layer:
Wax-pattern is placed in wax-pattern cleaning fluid, soaks about 30s, then take out, and adopt clear water flushing, natural drying.Cleaned wax-pattern is slowly immersed in shell surface layer slurry, rotates 3-5s, then take out and wax-pattern carried out control slurry, after treating that unnecessary slurry pours off, adopt 70-120 object fused magnesite to carry out surperficial stucco, stucco evenly, comprehensive, then form shell surface layer.
3. the drying of shell surface layer:
The shell hanging up properly fused magnesite is placed in humidity is 65%, temperature is carry out drying in the hothouse of 24 DEG C, drying time is 7h, obtains ceramic shell surface layer.
Adopt this shell surface layer, the stainless cast steel part produced, after testing, surface gray, through x-ray examination, flat smooth, does not find that the shell exceeded standard is mingled with, metallurgical quality reaches standard-required, and production cost is compared Ludox-zirconium English powder (sand) shell surface layer and about reduced 70%.
The raw material sources related in above-described embodiment are: described Ludox is the alkaline silica sol that nail (unit of length) section (China) Environtech Services Ltd. provides, and the trade mark is 1130C; The Kathon CG that described bactericide provides for the Changjiang river, Heze Chemical Co., Ltd., the trade mark is 1127; The purity of described fused magnesite is greater than 99%; Described polyvinyl acetate emulsion is provided by Feng Shi adhesive Co., Ltd of Hengyang City, and solid content is 42 ± 2%, and pH value is 3-4; Described wetting agent is provided by nail (unit of length) section (China) Environtech Services Ltd., and the trade mark is 7856; Described defoamer is chemical pure n-butanol, is provided by Solution on Chemical Reagents in Shanghai company of traditional Chinese medicines group.
Claims (5)
1. the shell surface layer manufacture method for precision stainless steel casting, it is characterized in that, its raw material is with in every 100kg Ludox, join 5-10kg deionized water, 100-150g bactericide, 200 order-325 object fused magnesite fine powders of 600-700kg, the polyvinyl acetate emulsion of 20-30kg, 100-150g wetting agent, the proportioning preparation of the defoamer of 50-100g obtains shell surface layer slurry, wax-pattern is slowly immersed in shell surface layer slurry, rotate 3-5s, take out again and wax-pattern is carried out control slurry, until unnecessary slurry diffluence, finally obtained ceramic shell surface layer after its surperficial stucco is also dry,
Described preparation refers to: by Ludox, deionized water, bactericide, fused magnesite fine powder and polyvinyl acetate emulsion, wetting agent, defoamer being divided two groups to carry out mixing respectively then merging, make the shell surface layer slurry of viscosity between 32-36s;
Described preparation specifically comprises the following steps:
1) Ludox, deionized water, bactericide are mixed in slurry compounding machine, and slowly startup slurry compounding machine mixes; Then fused magnesite fine powder is added, and whirlpool is kept in process for preparation, while adding fused magnesite fine powder, adopt slurry compounding machine to carry out stirring or add human assistance to stir, fused magnesite fine powder is dispersed in Ludox completely, and the temperature that overall process controls slurry by frozen water machine is no more than 26.7 DEG C;
2) by polyvinyl acetate emulsion, wetting agent, defoamer additional mixing: first add polyvinyl acetate emulsion, slowly add wetting agent and defoamer again, stir and be advisable with 3-5 minute, then mixed liquor is joined in the slurry compounding machine in step 1 and also stir more than 2 hours further, move to again and be stained with in slurry bucket, keep slurry to stir constantly being stained with in slurry bucket, after 6h stirs, viscosity reaches 32-36s, i.e. obtained qualified shell surface layer coating; Because As time goes on the moisture in slurry can volatilize, therefore in slurry, the ratio of each component can change to some extent, slurry viscosity can increase gradually, therefore in follow-up slurry maintenance process, if viscosity is higher than 36s, can suitably add Ludox to dilute, make slurry viscosity be in 32-36s.
2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described wax-pattern is first placed in wax-pattern cleaning fluid before immersion, soaks 30s, then takes out, and adopts clear water flushing, natural drying.
3. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described stucco refers to: adopt 70-120 object fused magnesite to carry out surperficial stucco, stucco evenly, comprehensively, forms shell surface layer.
4. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described drying refers to: in the hothouse of humidity 60%-70%, temperature 22-25 DEG C, carry out drying, drying time is 6-8h.
5. the shell surface layer that method prepares according to above-mentioned arbitrary claim, is characterized in that, 25 DEG C of fracture resistance mean values are 3.0MPa; Rupture strength mean value at 1200 DEG C is 7.4 MPa; The retained strength mean value being cooled to 25 DEG C after 1400 DEG C of insulation 0.25h is 2.4MPa.
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| CN104399874B (en) * | 2014-12-01 | 2016-08-24 | 上海交通大学 | Hexagonal boron nitride shell surface layer coating for magnesium alloy precision-investment casting |
| CN105522112B (en) * | 2016-01-07 | 2017-12-19 | 上海交通大学 | Magnesium alloy investment casting high collapsibility ceramic shell and preparation method thereof |
| CN109909445B (en) * | 2019-01-25 | 2021-01-12 | 上海交通大学 | Ceramic shell for inhibiting sand sticking on surface of high-temperature alloy turbine blade and preparation method thereof |
| CN112570643B (en) * | 2020-11-12 | 2022-04-05 | 中国航发沈阳黎明航空发动机有限责任公司 | Surface layer slurry for ceramic shell of directional and single crystal blade and preparation method |
| CN112589052A (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2021-04-02 | 杨开发 | Process for manufacturing precision casting silica sol shell |
| CN114279802B (en) * | 2021-12-27 | 2024-04-12 | 西北工业大学 | High-temperature alloy fluidity test die and preparation method of test sample |
| CN114833300B (en) * | 2022-05-18 | 2023-06-06 | 上海交通大学 | Sialon ceramic shell surface layer slurry and preparation method and application thereof |
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Effective date of registration: 20200527 Address after: Room 105G, 199 GuoShoujing Road (Biological and Medical Innovation Building), Pudong New Area Free Trade Pilot Area, Shanghai, 200120 Co-patentee after: Wang Jun Patentee after: Shanghai Jiaotong University Intellectual Property Management Co.,Ltd. Address before: 200240 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, No. 800, No. Patentee before: SHANGHAI JIAO TONG University |
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Effective date of registration: 20200715 Address after: 214241 Jiangsu city of Wuxi province Xu Yixing City Industrial Zone Patentee after: ZHONGCHAO HANGYU INVESTMENT CASTING S&T Co. Address before: Room 111, NO.201 Qinzhou Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200235 Patentee before: SHANGHAI ZHONGCHAO HANGYU PRECISION CASTING TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. Effective date of registration: 20200715 Address after: Room 111, NO.201 Qinzhou Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200235 Patentee after: SHANGHAI ZHONGCHAO HANGYU PRECISION CASTING TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. Address before: Room 105G, 199 GuoShoujing Road (Biological and Medical Innovation Building), Pudong New Area Free Trade Pilot Area, Shanghai, 200120 Co-patentee before: Wang Jun Patentee before: Shanghai Jiaotong University Intellectual Property Management Co.,Ltd. |