A kind of elevator car safety launching appliance based on air energy-eliminating
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of elevator lifesaving appliance, be specifically related to a kind of elevator car safety launching appliance based on air energy-eliminating.
Background technology
With quantity and the high growth of high-rise, its safety problem has become global point hot in nature, when especially meeting with the sudden disaster such as fire, earthquake, and the escape problem of internal staff.As the indispensable transportation means of modern high-rise building thing, the escape technology of elevator (espespecially vertical Lift type elevator) is the bottleneck of high-rise safety problem and the place of breach.
Vertical Lift type elevator normally utilizes motor directly to control drive wheel, drives lift car wire halyard and reaches the object of cage lifter.During high-rise presence of fire, fetter by elevator safety restriction and traditional concept, worry elevator motor power-off, make car stuck in elevator, cannot self-escape, people initiatively abandon efficiently, lift escape efficiently, select escape stair escape, affect by toxic fume and flame, escape efficiency is very limited, and easily cause swarm and jostlement event, finally miss " the gold escape period " of Initial Stage of Fire, cause great personal casualty and property damage.For this reason, people work out multiple escape equipment or method, are broadly divided into individual escape and colony and escape two classes:
1, individual escape, namely utilizes the midget plant such as safety line, casing distress personnel to be delayed the method dropping to ground from high-rise scene of fire, is suitable for indivedual or fraction personnel escape." Household high-rise lifesaving device " (patent No.: ZL200820226809.6) is invented for Cao Shouhe etc., require that long-term preparations are specifically escaped equipment, popularity rate requires too high, and this type of escape equipment control step is various, even need specific training, out of reach, for the safe and efficient escape object of popular (comprising old man and child), causes escape efficiency low.
2, colony's escape, namely based on existing elevator device, utilizes manually or reserve power start, and the brake of releasing elevator is got rid of poverty and controlled elevator descending speed and lands, and reaches escape object.Control elevator descending speed and have friction and hydraulic pressure two kinds of methods, friction speed-limit device can because frictional heat is excessive or the factor such as serious wear and destroying, speed limit was lost efficacy and causes danger, as " safety precaution of elevator lifting rope and escape actuating device " (patent No.: ZL200510085073.6) etc. of Wang Qiunan invention; Limit by hydraulic cylinder travel, hydraulic speed limiting device can only realize that short-range elevator is slow falls target, as " auxiliary folding escape device of elevator " (patent No.: ZL01227361.9) of Chen Yongxin invention.This type of mean of escape (or device) to elevator motor, drive wheel, elevator and power supply etc. because have very strong dependence.
In addition, now generally be placed in the safety brake between lift car and lifting sliding rail, only for preventing elevator lifting stall or overloading instantaneously and the situation that occurs falling, this brake is once start, can stuck for lift car in elevator, interior passenger cannot be escaped, and stands the injuries such as high temperature, dense smoke, dust and psychology fear for a long time.Existing elevator operational system there is no effective failure-free and provides escape device for oneself, when there is the emergency case such as fire, earthquake, can only quit work, and wound loses escape opportunity.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: in order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention proposes a kind of elevator car safety launching appliance based on air energy-eliminating, the method consumption lift car potential energy utilizing pressurized air and vacuumize, elevator car safety is forced reliably to be down to ground floor, guarantee the life security of occupant in car, and require simple, convenient, reliable.
Technical scheme: for solving the problems of the technologies described above, a kind of elevator car safety launching appliance based on air energy-eliminating of the present invention, comprise elevator, be arranged on the motor on elevator, be positioned at the trailing cable on motor, connecting strand railway carriage or compartment, described trailing cable one end connection bracket, the other end connects counterweight, described rope railway carriage or compartment connection bracket is provided with car free fall motion changing mechanism, described car free fall motion changing mechanism is connected with air energy-eliminating mechanism, lift car is provided with below the connection bracket of rope railway carriage or compartment, car trailing cable releasing mechanism is provided with between rope railway carriage or compartment connection bracket and car, described rope railway carriage or compartment connection bracket is provided with projection, lift car is provided with the groove with male cooperation.
As preferably, described car trailing cable releasing mechanism comprises and departs from pin, disengaging hauling rope, dead axle pulley and depart from rotating disk, described disengaging rotating disk is positioned in lift car, described dead axle pulley is positioned at elevator car roof, elevator car roof is provided with hole, depart from hauling rope one end dockingundocking hauling rope, the other end is connected with departing to sell by dead axle pulley.When lift car trailing cable is stuck, pull disengaging spanner, make car depart from trailing cable in time, fall by free gravity.
As preferably, described disengaging pin has four, and four to depart from pin symmetrical between two, departs from pin and run through the projection of rope railway carriage or compartment connection bracket and the groove of elevator car roof.Disengaging pin is fixed on after being tightened by hauling rope inside the elevator car roof groove on opposite.
As preferably, described car free fall motion changing mechanism comprises life line, cylinder and axis of revolution, and described cylinder is positioned on axis of revolution, and life line is wrapped on cylinder, and life line one end is connected with lift car by bolt.After lift car is separated with trailing cable, rope railway carriage or compartment connection bracket keeps motionless, and car pulls the free fall of safe escape rope, storage cable pulley is driven to rotate, become System of Rotating about Fixed Axis to move car free fall conversion of motion, car gravitional force is converted to kinetic energy, input air energy dissipation mechanisms.
As preferably, described cylinder is two, and two cylinders lay respectively at air energy-eliminating mechanism both sides, and each cylinder is wound with life line respectively.
As preferably, the connecting rod that described air energy-eliminating mechanism comprises energy dissipating cylinder, is positioned at the piston of energy dissipating cylinder, is connected with piston, described energy dissipating cylinder is provided with bent axle, be connected with connecting rod in the middle part of bent axle, bent axle both sides are provided with blow off valve and control cam and air inlet valve control cam, described blow off valve controls cam and is connected with blow off valve guide rod, described air inlet valve controls cam and is connected with air inlet valve guide rod, energy dissipating cylinder is provided with the cylinder-bore and energy dissipating cylinder intake and exhaust channel that supply reciprocating motion of the pistons, and blow off valve guide rod and air inlet valve guide rod are all provided with air extractor vent.Piston is fixed on connecting rod by piston pin.On cam, guide rod and cylinder, intake and exhaust channel forms the intake and exhaust control cock that normality is closed.When the crankshaft revolution of strap cam moves, reciprocating in cylinder by connecting rod driven plunger on the one hand, produce pressurized air and vacuumize two operations, making crankshaft revolution kinetic transformation be air internal energy; On the other hand by actuated by cams guide rod crank motion in the pilot hole of intake and exhaust channel, piston movement is made to open intake and exhaust control cock to when cylinder innermost end and outermost end, vacuum is extracted by pressurized air or supplementary cylinder in release cylinder, can in consumed cabin air, indirect consumption lift car gravitional force, and then control lift car free fall speed, to realize safe falling.
Beneficial effect: a kind of elevator car safety launching appliance based on air energy-eliminating of the present invention, utilize storage rope drum-type car free fall motion changing mechanism, by the motion that lift car free fall conversion of motion is cylinder block inner carrier reciprocating air, realize the conversion of gravitional force to air internal energy, and release consumes, and then realize the landing of skyscraper vertical Lift type elevator car safety.The present invention compared with prior art, has remarkable advantage:
(1) Purely mechanical structure & working mechanism is adopted, apparatus structure is simple and reliable, only rely on the free fall campaign that the gravitional force of lift car causes, without any need for extra power, be a kind of passive security device, be particularly useful for elevator towing motor power-off that the sudden disaster such as earthquake, fire causes or stuck situation;
(2) under skyscraper agent structure not destruction situation, all the time vertical Lift type lift car and interior passenger can be kept to be down to ground floor safely, the existing escape idea of people can be changed, catch the initial escape opportunity of the sudden disaster such as earthquake, fire, significantly improve elevator efficiency in the escape and effect;
(3) take normal air as working medium, elevator car safety landing reliability is high, and not by limiting in region, season, environmental protection, later maintenance cost is cheap.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is general arrangement of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is elevator cage trailing cable releasing mechanism structure enlarged diagram in Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the A-A close-up schematic view of elevator cage trailing cable releasing mechanism in Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 is the structure enlarged diagram of air energy dissipation mechanisms in Fig. 1.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is further described.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of lift car 9 safe falling device based on air energy-eliminating of the present invention, comprise elevator 1, be arranged on the motor 2 on elevator 1, be positioned at the trailing cable 3 on motor 2, connecting strand railway carriage or compartment, described trailing cable 3 one end connection bracket 5, the other end connects counterweight 4, described rope railway carriage or compartment connection bracket 5 is provided with car free fall motion changing mechanism 6, described car free fall motion changing mechanism 6 is connected with air energy-eliminating mechanism 8, lift car 9 is provided with below rope railway carriage or compartment connection bracket 5, car trailing cable releasing mechanism 7 is provided with between rope railway carriage or compartment connection bracket 5 and lift car 9, described rope railway carriage or compartment connection bracket 5 is provided with protruding 51, lift car 9 is provided with and protruding 51 grooves 92 coordinated.
In the present embodiment, rope railway carriage or compartment connection bracket 5 and car trailing cable releasing mechanism 7 ensure that lift car 9 and trailing cable 3 keep normality to be connected, under elevator traction motor 2 drives, do dipping and heaving; When elevator power failure or traction electric machine 2 stuck time, lift car 9 is suspended in high-altitude elevator 1, and the disengaging rotating disk 74 by lift car 9 inside realizes lift car 9 and is automatically separated with trailing cable 3, makes lift car 9 free fall.
As shown in Figure 2, described car free fall motion changing mechanism 6 comprises life line 62, cylinder 63 and axis of revolution 61, described cylinder 63 is positioned on axis of revolution 61, life line 62 one ends wound is on cylinder 63, life line 62 other end is connected with lift car 9 by bolt, described cylinder 63 is two, and two cylinders 63 lay respectively at air energy-eliminating mechanism both sides, and each cylinder 63 is wound with life line 62 respectively.After lift car 9 is separated with trailing cable 3, rope railway carriage or compartment connection bracket 5 hangs in elevator 1, car 9 free fall, cylinder 63 and axis of revolution 61 is pulled to rotate by life line 62, it is the dead axle gyroscopic movement of cylinder 63 and axis of revolution 61 by lift car 9 free fall motion transform, and import air energy-eliminating mechanism 8 into, achieve gravitional force to dynamic transformation of energy.Described air energy-eliminating mechanism 8 is fixed on rope railway carriage or compartment connection bracket 5, take air as working medium, be that after air internal energy, release consumes by the kinetic transformation that car free fall motion changing mechanism 6 is imported into, thus reduce lift car 9 free fall speed, realize droping to ground floor safely and reliably.
As shown in Figure 3, car trailing cable releasing mechanism 7 comprises and departs from pin 71, disengaging hauling rope 72, dead axle pulley 73 and depart from rotating disk 74, described disengaging rotating disk 74 is positioned at lift car 9 li, described dead axle pulley 73 is positioned at lift car 9 top, lift car 9 top is provided with hole, depart from hauling rope 72 one end dockingundocking hauling rope 72, the other end is connected with disengaging pin 71 by dead axle pulley 73, described disengaging pin 71 has four, four disengaging pins 71 are symmetrical between two, depart from pin 71 and run through the projection 51 of rope railway carriage or compartment connection bracket 5 and the groove 92 at lift car 9 top.Depart from the groove 92 of pin 71 through elevator car roof 91 and the projection 51 of rope railway carriage or compartment connection bracket 5, inside the elevator car roof groove 92 being fixed on opposite after tightening respectively by hauling rope 72, during the disengaging rotating disk 74 of rotating elevator car 9 inside, depart from the hauling rope 72 of pin 71 by the very large pulling force of generation and displacement, pull and depart from pin 71, rope railway carriage or compartment connection bracket 5 is separated automatically with lift car 9.Depart from pin 71 and should have appropriate length and enough bending strengths, to guarantee that lift car 9 and trailing cable 3 can reliably depart from, prevent departing from pin 71 simultaneously and bend and cannot pull.
As shown in Figure 4, described air energy-eliminating mechanism 8 comprises energy dissipating cylinder 81, be positioned at the piston 85 of energy dissipating cylinder 81, the connecting rod 83 be connected with piston 85, described energy dissipating cylinder 81 is provided with bent axle 82, be connected with connecting rod 83 in the middle part of bent axle 82, bent axle 82 both sides are provided with blow off valve and control cam 88 and air inlet valve control cam 89, described blow off valve controls cam 88 and is connected with blow off valve guide rod 87, described air inlet valve controls cam 89 and is connected with air inlet valve guide rod 86, energy dissipating cylinder 81 piston 85 is provided with the reciprocating cylinder-bore of piston 85 and intake and exhaust channel thereof, blow off valve guide rod 87 and air inlet valve guide rod 86 are all provided with air extractor vent, piston 85 is fixed on connecting rod 83 by piston 85 pin 84.
In the present invention, when elevator power failure or motor 2 stuck time, rotate the disengaging rotating disk 74 of lift car 9 li, owing to departing from hauling rope 72 one ends wound on disengaging rotating disk 74, departing from rotating disk 74 rotation drives disengaging hauling rope 72 to rotate, departing from hauling rope 72 drives disengaging pin 71 to move around dead axle pulley 73, depart from hauling rope 72 by the very large pulling force of generation and displacement, depart from pin 71 to be pulled out from groove 92 by disengaging hauling rope 72, rope railway carriage or compartment connection bracket 5 is separated with lift car 9, lift car 9 falls, lift car 9 falls to driving life line 62 to move, life line 62 is wrapped on cylinder 63, cylinder 63 is driven to rotate, cylinder 63 rotates and drives axis of revolution 61 to rotate, because axis of revolution 61 is connected with bent axle 82, rotating band dynamic crankshaft 82 synchronous axial system of axis of revolution 61, bent axle 82 rotates the motion of drivening rod 83, thus drive piston 85 up-and-down movement, described piston 85 is reciprocating between P1 to P2 in airtight cylinder, when piston 85 moves to P2 by P1, consume bent axle 82 kinetic energy pressurized air, otherwise, when piston 85 moves to P1 by P2, consume bent axle 82 kinetic energy and cylinder vacuumized, make bent axle 82 rotary kinetic energy be converted into air internal energy.When piston 85 moves to P1 position, air inlet valve guide rod 86 controls at air inlet valve the free air diffuser opening cylinder-bore under cam 89 drives, and supplements cylinder vacuum; When piston 85 moves to P2 position, blow off valve guide rod 87 controls the exhaust passage of opening cylinder-bore under cam 88 drives at blow off valve, release cylinder inner high voltage gas, thus the air internal energy consumption that the transform gravitational energy of lift car 9 free fall is come, reach the object controlling lift car 9 free fall speed.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention; be noted that for those skilled in the art; under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.