A kind of lift car safe falling device based on air energy-eliminating
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of elevator lifesaving appliance, be specifically related to a kind of lift car safe falling device based on air energy-eliminating.
Background technology
With quantity and the high growth of high-rise, its safety problem has become global point hot in nature, when especially meeting with the sudden disasters such as fire, earthquake, and internal staff's escape problem.As the indispensable transportation means of modern high-rise building thing, the escape technology of elevator (espespecially vertical Lift type elevator) is the bottleneck of high-rise safety problem and the place of breach.
The vertical Lift type elevator normally utilizes motor directly to control drive wheel, drives the lift car wire halyard and reaches the purpose of cage lifter.During the high-rise presence of fire, fettered by elevator safety restriction and traditional concept, worry the elevator motor outage, make car stuck in elevator, can't self-escape, people initiatively abandon efficiently, lift escape efficiently, select the escape stair escape, affected by toxic fume and flame, escape efficient is very limited, and easily cause crowded tread event, finally miss " the gold escape period " of during Initial Stage of Fire, cause great personal casualty and property damage.For this reason, people work out multiple escape equipment or method, are broadly divided into individual escape and colony's escape two classes:
1, individual escape, namely utilize the midget plants such as safety line, casing with distress personnel from the slow method that drops to ground in high-rise scene of fire, be suitable for indivedual or fraction personnel escape.Take invention " Household high-rise lifesaving device " (patent No.s: ZL200820226809.6) as example such as Cao Shouhe, require the long-term preparations equipment of specifically escaping, popularity rate requires too high, and this type of escape equipment control step is various, even need specific training, out of reach causes escape efficient low for the safe and efficient escape purpose of popular (comprising old man and child).
2, colony's escape namely take existing elevator device as the basis, utilizes manually or the reserve power start, removes the elevator brake and gets rid of poverty and control the elevator descending speed and land, and reaches the escape purpose.Control the elevator descending speed friction and two kinds of methods of hydraulic pressure are arranged, the friction speed-limit device can be because of frictional heat the factor such as excessive or serious wear destroy, make speed limit inefficacy cause danger, as " safety precaution of elevator lifting rope and escape actuating device " (patent No.: ZL200510085073.6) etc. of Wang Qiunan invention; Limited by hydraulic cylinder travel, hydraulic speed limiting device can only be realized the slow target of falling of short-range elevator, as " auxiliary folding escape device of elevator " (patent No.: ZL01227361.9) of Chen Yongxin invention.This type of mean of escape (or device) has very strong dependence to factors such as elevator motor, drive wheel, elevator and power supplys.
In addition, now generally be placed in the safety brake between lift car and lifting sliding rail, only be used for preventing elevator lifting stall or moment overload and the situation that occurs falling, this brake is in case start, can be stuck in elevator lift car, interior passenger can't be escaped, and stands for a long time injury and the psychology fears such as high temperature, dense smoke, dust.Existing elevator operational system there is no effective failure-free and provides escape device for oneself, when the emergency case such as fire, earthquake occurring, can only quit work, and wound is lost escape opportunity.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: in order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention proposes a kind of lift car safe falling device based on air energy-eliminating, the method of utilizing pressurized air and vacuumizing consumes lift car potential energy, force lift car to be down to safely and reliably ground floor, guarantee the life security of occupant in car, and require simple, convenient, reliable.
technical scheme: for solving the problems of the technologies described above, a kind of lift car safe falling device based on air energy-eliminating of the present invention, comprise elevator, be arranged on the motor on elevator, be positioned at the trailing cable on motor, described trailing cable one end connecting strand railway carriage or compartment connection bracket, the other end connects counterweight, described rope railway carriage or compartment connection bracket is provided with car free fall motion changing mechanism, described car free fall motion changing mechanism is connected with air energy-eliminating mechanism, connection bracket below, rope railway carriage or compartment is provided with lift car, be provided with car trailing cable releasing mechanism between rope railway carriage or compartment connection bracket and car, described rope railway carriage or compartment connection bracket is provided with projection, lift car is provided with the groove that coordinates with projection.
As preferably, described car trailing cable releasing mechanism comprises and breaks away from pin, disengaging hauling rope, dead axle pulley and break away from rotating disk, described disengaging rotating disk is positioned in lift car, described dead axle pulley is positioned at elevator car roof, elevator car roof is provided with the hole, break away from hauling rope one end dockingundocking hauling rope, the other end is connected with the disengaging pin by the dead axle pulley.When the lift car trailing cable is stuck, pull the disengaging spanner, make car in time break away from trailing cable, fall by free gravity.
As preferably, described disengaging pin has four, and four to break away from pin symmetrical in twos, breaks away from pin and runs through the projection of rope railway carriage or compartment connection bracket and the groove of elevator car roof.Break away from the elevator car roof groove that is fixed on the opposite after pin is tightened by hauling rope inboard.
As preferably, described car free fall motion changing mechanism comprises life line, cylinder and axis of revolution, and described cylinder is positioned on axis of revolution, and life line is wrapped on cylinder, and life line one end is connected with lift car by bolt.Lift car is with after trailing cable separates, and rope railway carriage or compartment connection bracket keeps motionless, and car pulls the free fall of safe escape rope, drive the rotation of storage cable pulley, car free fall conversion of motion is become System of Rotating about Fixed Axis motion, car gravitional force is converted to kinetic energy, input air energy dissipating mechanism.
As preferably, described cylinder is two, and two cylinders lay respectively at air energy-eliminating mechanism both sides, are wound with respectively life line on each cylinder.
As preferably, described air energy-eliminating mechanism comprises the energy dissipating cylinder, is positioned at the piston of energy dissipating cylinder, the connecting rod that is connected with piston, described energy dissipating cylinder is provided with bent axle, the bent axle middle part is connected with connecting rod, the bent axle both sides are equipped with blow off valve and control cam and air inlet valve control cam, described blow off valve is controlled cam and is connected with the blow off valve guide rod, described air inlet valve is controlled cam and is connected with the air inlet valve guide rod, the energy dissipating cylinder is provided with cylinder-bore and the intake and exhaust channel thereof for reciprocating motion of the pistons, and blow off valve guide rod and air inlet valve guide rod all are provided with air extractor vent.Piston is fixed on connecting rod by piston pin.On cam, guide rod and cylinder, intake and exhaust channel forms the intake and exhaust control cock that normality is closed.When the crankshaft revolution of strap cam moves, reciprocating in cylinder by the connecting rod driven plunger on the one hand, produce pressurized air and vacuumize two operations, making the crankshaft revolution kinetic transformation is air internal energy; On the other hand by actuated by cams guide rod crank motion in the pilot hole of intake and exhaust channel, open the intake and exhaust control cock when making piston movement to cylinder innermost end and outermost end, discharge in the interior compressed air of cylinder or additional cylinder and be extracted vacuum, can in consumed cabin air, indirectly consume lift car gravitional force, and then control lift car free fall speed, to realize safe falling.
Beneficial effect: a kind of lift car safe falling device based on air energy-eliminating of the present invention, utilize storage rope drum-type car free fall motion changing mechanism, be the motion of cylinder block inner carrier reciprocating air with lift car free fall conversion of motion, realize that gravitional force is to the conversion of air internal energy, and discharge consumption, and then realize skyscraper vertical Lift type lift car safe falling.The present invention compared with prior art has remarkable advantage:
(1) adopt Purely mechanical structure and principle of work, apparatus structure is simple and reliable, the free fall campaign that only relies on the gravitional force of lift car to cause, without any need for extra power, be a kind of passive safety device, be particularly useful for elevator towing motor outage or stuck situation that the sudden disasters such as earthquake, fire cause;
(2) in the skyscraper agent structure not in the destruction situation, all the time can keep vertical Lift type lift car and interior passenger to be down to safely ground floor, can change the existing escape of people idea, catch the initial escape opportunity of the sudden disasters such as earthquake, fire, significantly improve elevator efficient and effect in the escape;
(3) take normal air as working medium, lift car safe falling reliability is high, is not subjected to region, season limit, environmental protection, and later maintenance cost is cheap.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is general arrangement of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is elevator cage trailing cable releasing mechanism structure enlarged diagram in Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the local enlarged diagram of the A-A of elevator cage trailing cable releasing mechanism in Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 is the structure enlarged diagram of Fig. 1 Air energy dissipating mechanism.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is further described.
as shown in Figure 1, a kind of lift car 9 safe falling devices based on air energy-eliminating of the present invention, comprise elevator 1, be arranged on the motor 2 on elevator 1, be positioned at the trailing cable 3 on motor 2, described trailing cable 3 one end connecting strand railway carriage or compartment connection brackets 5, the other end connects counterweight 4, described rope railway carriage or compartment connection bracket 5 is provided with car free fall motion changing mechanism 6, described car free fall motion changing mechanism 6 is connected with air energy-eliminating mechanism 8, connection bracket 5 belows, rope railway carriage or compartment are provided with lift car 9, be provided with car trailing cable releasing mechanism 7 between rope railway carriage or compartment connection bracket 5 and lift car 9, described rope railway carriage or compartment connection bracket 5 is provided with projection 51, lift car 9 is provided with and projection 51 grooves that coordinate 92.
In the present embodiment, rope railway carriage or compartment connection bracket 5 and car trailing cable releasing mechanism 7 guarantee that lift car 9 and trailing cable 3 keep normality to be connected, and do dipping and heaving under elevator traction motor 2 drives; When stuck, lift car 9 is suspended in high-altitude elevator 1 when elevator power failure or traction electric machine 2, can realize that lift car 9 separates automatically with trailing cable 3, makes lift car 9 free falls by the disengaging rotating disk 74 of lift car 9 inside.
As shown in Figure 2, described car free fall motion changing mechanism 6 comprises life line 62, cylinder 63 and axis of revolution 61, described cylinder 63 is positioned on axis of revolution 61, life line 62 1 ends are wrapped on cylinder 63, life line 62 other ends are connected with lift car 9 by bolt, described cylinder 63 is two, and two cylinders 63 lay respectively at air energy-eliminating mechanism both sides, are wound with respectively life line 62 on each cylinder 63.When lift car 9 with after trailing cable 3 separates, rope railway carriage or compartment connection bracket 5 hangs in elevator 1, car 9 free falls, pull cylinder 63 and axis of revolution 61 rotations by life line 62, it is the dead axle gyroscopic movement of cylinder 63 and axis of revolution 61 with lift car 9 free fall motion converters, and import air energy-eliminating mechanism 8 into, realized the conversion of gravitional force to kinetic energy.Described air energy-eliminating mechanism 8 is fixed on rope railway carriage or compartment connection bracket 5, take air as working medium, the kinetic transformation that car free fall motion changing mechanism 6 is imported into is to discharge after air internal energy to consume, thereby reduces lift car 9 free fall speed, realizes droping to safely and reliably ground floor.
As shown in Figure 3, car trailing cable releasing mechanism 7 comprises and breaks away from pin 71, disengaging hauling rope 72, dead axle pulley 73 and break away from rotating disk 74, described disengaging rotating disk 74 is positioned at 9 li of lift cars, described dead axle pulley 73 is positioned at lift car 9 tops, lift car 9 tops are provided with the hole, break away from hauling rope 72 1 end dockingundocking hauling ropes 72, the other end is connected with disengaging pin 71 by dead axle pulley 73, described disengaging pin 71 has four, four to break away from pin 71 symmetrical in twos, breaks away from pin 71 and run through the projection 51 of rope railway carriage or compartment connection bracket 5 and the groove 92 at lift car 9 tops.Break away from pin 71 through the groove 92 of elevator car roof 91 projection 51 with rope railway carriage or compartment connection bracket 5, be fixed on elevator car roof groove 92 inboards on opposite after tightening by hauling rope 72 respectively, during the disengaging rotating disk 74 of rotating elevator car 9 inside, the hauling rope 72 that breaks away from pin 71 will produce very large pulling force and displacement, pull to break away from pin 71, rope railway carriage or compartment connection bracket 5 is separated automatically with lift car 9.Disengaging pin 71 should have appropriate length and enough bending strengths, can reliably break away to guarantee lift car 9 and trailing cable 3, prevents from simultaneously breaking away from pin 71 bendings and can't pull.
as shown in Figure 4, described air energy-eliminating mechanism 8 comprises energy dissipating cylinder 81, be positioned at the piston 85 of energy dissipating cylinder 81, the connecting rod 83 that is connected with piston 85, described energy dissipating cylinder 81 is provided with bent axle 82, bent axle 82 middle parts are connected with connecting rod 83, bent axle 82 both sides are equipped with blow off valve and control cam 88 and air inlet valve control cam 89, described blow off valve is controlled cam 88 and is connected with blow off valve guide rod 87, described air inlet valve is controlled cam 89 and is connected with air inlet valve guide rod 86, energy dissipating cylinder 81 pistons 85 are provided with the reciprocating cylinder-bore of piston 85 and intake and exhaust channel thereof, blow off valve guide rod 87 and air inlet valve guide rod 86 all are provided with air extractor vent, piston 85 is fixed on connecting rod 83 by piston 85 pins 84.
in the present invention, when elevator power failure or motor 2 when stuck, rotate the disengaging rotating disk 74 of 9 li of lift cars, be wrapped on disengaging rotating disk 74 owing to breaking away from hauling rope 72 1 ends, break away from rotating disk 74 and rotate 72 rotations of drive disengaging hauling rope, break away from hauling rope 72 and drive 71 motions of disengaging pin around dead axle pulley 73, break away from hauling rope 72 and will produce very large pulling force and displacement, breaking away from pin 71 is pulled out from groove 92 by disengaging hauling rope 72, make rope railway carriage or compartment connection bracket 5 separate with lift car 9, lift car 9 falls, lift car 9 falls to driving life line 62 motions, life line 62 is wrapped on cylinder 63, driving cylinder 63 rotates, cylinder 63 rotates and drives axis of revolution 61 rotations, because axis of revolution 61 is connected with bent axle 82, the rotation band dynamic crankshaft 82 of axis of revolution 61 synchronously rotates, bent axle 82 rotates the motion of drivening rod 83, thereby drive piston 85 up-and-down movements, described piston 85 is reciprocating between P1 to P2 in airtight cylinder, when piston 85 moves to P2 by P1, consume bent axle 82 kinetic energy pressurized airs, otherwise, when piston 85 moves to P1 by P2, consume bent axle 82 kinetic energy cylinder is vacuumized, make bent axle 82 rotary kinetic energy be converted into air internal energy.When piston 85 moved to the P1 position, air inlet valve guide rod 86 was controlled the free air diffuser of opening cylinder-bore under cam 89 drivings at air inlet valve, replenish vacuum in cylinder; When piston 85 moves to the P2 position, blow off valve guide rod 87 is controlled the exhaust passage of opening cylinder-bore under cam 88 drivings at blow off valve, discharge cylinder inner high voltage gas, thereby with the air internal energy consumption that the gravitional force of lift car 9 free falls is transformed, reach the purpose of controlling lift car 9 free fall speed.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention; be noted that for those skilled in the art; under the prerequisite that does not break away from the principle of the invention, can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.