CN103120284B - Preparation method of fenugreek food - Google Patents
Preparation method of fenugreek food Download PDFInfo
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- CN103120284B CN103120284B CN201310040492.2A CN201310040492A CN103120284B CN 103120284 B CN103120284 B CN 103120284B CN 201310040492 A CN201310040492 A CN 201310040492A CN 103120284 B CN103120284 B CN 103120284B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of fenugreek food. The method comprises the operating steps of stir-frying, soaking, drying, smashing and end product obtaining. The processing method is simple, has no need of large equipment or an organic solvent and has the advantages that according to the properties that fenugreek gum is high in water solubility and can be well dissolved in neutral cold water, and other ingredients in fenugreek are not easy to dissolve in neutral water at normal temperature, the harmful ingredient, i.e. the fenugreek gum, in the fenugreek can be easily removed through simple soaking at normal temperature; the fenugreek is firstly stir-fried to break and crack the peel, so that the fenugreek gum can be more easily dissolved and removed through soaking; and no other complex ingredient is added in the process of removing the fenugreek gum, so that the finally-kept ingredients are pure and natural, and the processing cost is not high; and the obtained food can be eaten by not only healthy persons but also diabetic patients trustingly.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to food and preparation method thereof, particularly relate to a kind of vegetable seeds fenugreek by integration of drinking and medicinal herbs through processing, make the method for finished product food together with other raw-food material.
Background technology
Diabetes (diabetes mellitus.) are one group of clinical syndromes being caused by h and E factor interaction.Because of insulin secretion definitely or relative deficiency and target tissue cell to pancreas islet Reduced susceptibility, cause a series of disorders such as sugar, albumen, fat, power and water Xie Zhi.Clinical take hyperglycaemia as outstanding feature, very harmful because of it, become the worldwide public health problem of serious threat people ' s health.The selection of diabetes patient's diet is a puzzlement diabetes patient's large problem, and only high sugar food dare not eaten, even diet all dare not be helped yourself as steamed bun, biscuit, this brings great difficulty to their daily life.Develop mouthfeel good, nutritious, numerous in variety, not only healthy population is edible, and diabetes patient also can relieved edible food, is people's dreams for many years.Also there are at present some so-called diabetes patient's special foods, mainly " sugar-free " food, in fact, it does not just contain sucrose, glucose etc., generally can contain starch or its hydrolysate, but, these starch or its hydrolysate rising blood sugar, become the efficiency of energy, may not necessarily be slower than sucrose.
Fenugreek is the seed of legume fenugreek, for " Chinese pharmacopoeia " version in 2010 is recorded kind.It is weak that the traditional Chinese medical science is mainly used in treating the soreness of waist of suffering from a deficiency of the kidney, impotence, the cold hernia swelling and hanging down of either of the testes, stomach cold bitterly and the disturbance of lower legs due to pathogenic cold and dampness swells and ache etc.Recent domestic all has its crude drug in whole treated powder diabetes of report to receive good therapeutic effect.As Chinese medicine forum reports: take 25g fenugreek every day, take altogether 21 days, can obviously reduce patient's glucose in urine and blood-sugar content.And normal person takes after 100 g glucose, then take 100 g fenugreeks, can effectively prevent that blood sugar from raising.Foreign literature report: 10 routine Non-Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus patients are divided into two groups at random, and treatment group is sneaked into 25 grams of fenugreek powder every day in food.After 15 days, two groups are carried out cross exchanged.In the time that each research process finishes (the 15 day), carry out intravenous glucose tolerance test.Result shows: in food, have fenugreek powder person can improve MCR, thereby significantly reduce blood sugar level, and shorten its half-life, improve ERYTHROCYTE INSULIN number.As can be seen here, fenugreek diabetic is controlled to blood sugar is effective certainly.According to another report, fenugreek also has multiple other useful effect.Just introduced fenugreek as " research and development of natural products " B12 phase in 2011 " fenugreek active component and efficacy effect progress " literary composition and there are hypoglycemic, reducing blood lipid, prevention diabetes, protected liver, the multiple biologically active such as antitumor, fenugreek also introduced in " pharmaceutical value of fenugreek and comprehensive utilization " literary composition that " contemporary Chinese Chinese medicine " magazine records, and " reducing blood lipid, the contained trigonelline of fenugreek seed can reduce the content of T-CHOL and CHF in mice plasma.There are some researches show again, the steroid saponin in fenugreek also has effect for reducing blood fat ", " the contained carpaine of fenugreek seed has significant active anticancer to lymphoid leukemia ".So often take in right amount fenugreek product, be very favourable to health.But the combination of fenugreek gum containing in fenugreek because forming full-bodied stabilizing solution under low concentration, the uncomfortable reaction such as can occur after edible to feel sick, vomiting, abdomen are risen, diarrhoea, exhaust increase, therefore should remove as far as possible, particularly diabetes patient is in poor health, in its edible food, can not there is the existence of combination of fenugreek gum, so, produce healthy fenugreek food and can provide better quality of the life to diabetes patient and healthy population.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention, is to provide a kind of vegetable seeds fenugreek of integration of drinking and medicinal herbs through processing, the method for the food of making together with other raw-food material.For the problem of above-mentioned existence, provide a kind of processing method simple, do not use main equipment, not processing method with an organic solvent, utilize the solubility of combination of fenugreek gum in water large and also can dissolve well in neutral cold water, and not diffluent character in other composition in fenugreek neutral water at normal temperatures, only just remove the oxious component combination of fenugreek gum in fenugreek by normal temperature simply immersing, and by fenugreek first by frying, make its broken skin breach, combination of fenugreek gum is just more prone to be soaked and is dissolved out and is removed, in the process of removing combination of fenugreek gum, do not add other complicated composition, its final composition retaining is pure natural, processing cost is not high yet, only healthy population is not edible for the food of making, diabetic also can eat relievedly.
Technical scheme of the present invention:
The preparation method of fenugreek food, comprises frying, soaks, and dries, and pulverizes, and the technological process of making finished product, the steps include:
Step (1) frying: get fenugreek, use machine for stir-frying Chinese medicine frying, temperature is 150～180 ℃, fries 12～16 minutes, fries to fenugreek seed coat sallowly, cracks, and slightly when breach, take out one end, lets cool;
Step (2) is soaked: the fenugreek after frying, adds clear water and soak 1～3 time.
Step (3) dry: soaked fenugreek is placed in to baking oven, in the temperature of 102～106 ℃ dry to moisture content be 6～10%;
Step (4) is pulverized: the fine powder that was ground into 80～300 eye mesh screens;
Step (5) is made finished product: get the fenugreek fine powder crushing, add 100～800 parts of raw-food materials according to every part of fenugreek fine powder, make mixture, add the conventional raw material of making food, can be made into finished product food.
Wherein, the immersion that step (2) is described, operation is more specifically:
Add clear water and soak 1 time time, the fenugreek after frying, adds the clear water of 10 times of fenugreek weight, and soak at room temperature 24 hours, puts the dry water that soaks; Or
Add clear water and soak 2 times time, the fenugreek after frying, adds the clear water of 6 times of fenugreek weight for the first time, and soak at room temperature 14 hours, puts the dry water that soaks, and adds for the second time the clear water of 3 times of fenugreek weight again, and soak at room temperature 10 hours is put the dry water that soaks; Or
Add clear water and soak 3 times time, the fenugreek after frying, adds the clear water of 4 times of fenugreek weight for the first time, and soak at room temperature 11 hours, puts the dry water that soaks, and adds for the second time the clear water of 3 times of fenugreek weight again, and soak at room temperature 6 hours is put the dry water that soaks; Add for the third time the clear water of 3 times of fenugreek weight, soak at room temperature 4 hours, puts the dry water that soaks again.
Best preparation method is:
Step (1) frying: get fenugreek, use machine for stir-frying Chinese medicine frying, temperature is 165 ℃, fries 14 minutes, fries to fenugreek seed coat sallowly, cracks, and slightly when breach, take out one end, lets cool;
Step (2) is soaked: the fenugreek after frying, and add clear water and soak 3 times, add for the first time the clear water of 4 times of fenugreek weight, soak at room temperature 11 hours, puts the dry water that soaks, and adds for the second time the clear water of 3 times of fenugreek weight again, and soak at room temperature 6 hours is put the dry water that soaks; Add for the third time the clear water of 3 times of fenugreek weight, soak at room temperature 4 hours, puts the dry water that soaks again;
Step (3) dry: soaked fenugreek is placed in to baking oven, in the temperature of 104 ℃ dry to moisture content be 8%;
Step (4) is pulverized: the fine powder that was ground into 240 eye mesh screens;
Step (5) is made finished product: get the fenugreek fine powder crushing, add 100 parts of raw-food materials according to every part of fenugreek fine powder, make mixture, add the conventional raw material of making food, can be made into finished product food;
Wherein raw-food material comprises the one in wheat flour, corn flour, oatmeal, buckwheat, glutinous rice flour, sweet potato powder, tapioca starch, or
Wherein raw-food material comprises several mixed powders in wheat flour, corn flour, oatmeal, buckwheat, glutinous rice flour, sweet potato powder, tapioca starch;
Described finished product food is any in biscuit, noodles, instant nutrient powder, the rice dumpling, boiled dumpling, steamed bun, bread.
The present invention, through following experiment, verifies and checks invention:
1,, without the assay that goes combination of fenugreek gum in the fenugreek of combination of fenugreek gum processing and the fenugreek after the method that is soaked in water of the present invention is removed combination of fenugreek gum, carry out galactomannan antigen for detection with galactomannan antigen for detection kit:
Instrument is as follows:
Xi Bao bio tech ltd, galactomannan antigen for detection kit Shanghai provides
FA2004A electronic analytical balance Shanghai Ping Xuan scientific instrument Co., Ltd
TU-1901 dualbeam uv-spectrophotometric instrument Beijing Puxi General Instrument Co., Ltd
Measurement result is in table 1
It is as follows that table 1 is measured the content of galactomannans in the fenugreek obtaining:
| Sample number into spectrum | Undressed fenugreek % | Remove the fenugreek % after combination of fenugreek gum |
| 01 | 8.1 | 0.13 |
| 02 | 7.9 | 0.18 |
| 03 | 7.8 | 0.17 |
As can be seen from Table 1, the method being soaked in water through the present invention, in fenugreek, galactomannans has been removed substantially completely, and galactomannans is the Main Ingredients and Appearance of the combination of fenugreek gum in fenugreek, and as can be seen here, the combination of fenugreek gum in fenugreek is removed.
2, without the assay that removes FLB total sponin in the fenugreek of combination of fenugreek gum processing and the fenugreek after the method removal combination of fenugreek gum being soaked in water of the present invention:
Instrument and reagent:
TU-1901 dualbeam uv-spectrophotometric instrument
AG285 electronic analytical balance
Water is double distilled water
All the other reagent are pure for analyzing.
Assay method: AAS;
Be taken at the Huluba saponin B reference substance 14mg of 80 ℃ of drying under reduced pressure to constant weight, put in 25ml measuring bottle, add 80% ethanol and make to dissolve and be diluted to scale, shake up, to obtain final product, every 1ml solution is containing Huluba saponin B 0.56mg.
Get fenugreek porphyrize, get 30mg, put in 25ml measuring bottle, add 80% ethanol and make to dissolve and be diluted to scale, shake up, to obtain final product;
Precision measures reference substance solution and need testing solution and the each 200ul of 80% ethanol, is placed in respectively 10ml measuring bottle, respectively adds 70～72% perchloric acid to scale, close plug, shakes up, and is placed in 60 ℃ of waters bath with thermostatic control and heats 70 minutes, take out, in immersion ordinary water, be cooled to a bottle interior liquid level of solution and fall back scale.Take corresponding reagent as blank, in 60 minutes, according to AAS, measure respectively reference substance and need testing solution trap at 325nm wavelength place, calculate, to obtain final product.
The FLB total sponin recording calculates with Huluba saponin B,
Measurement result is in table 2:
It is as follows that table 2 is measured the content of FLB total sponin in the fenugreek obtaining:
| Sample number into spectrum | Undressed fenugreek % | Remove the fenugreek % after combination of fenugreek gum |
| 01 | 37.3 | 44.8 |
| 02 | 36.8 | 45.1 |
| 03 | 38.4 | 45.7 |
Can be found out by above determination data, through the method being soaked in water of the present invention, the fenugreek saponins in fenugreek remains completely, is not soaked and removes, owing to having removed combination of fenugreek gum, so the content of FLB total sponin has raise relatively.
" double-blind study " safe effect test of the food that the present invention is made up of fenugreek:
(1) materials and methods
Given the test agent and using method:
The former life of experimenter, diet are constant, and experimenter is divided into 2 groups of 1 group of test-meal, 2 groups of test-meals and 1 group of contrast, contrasts.
The biscuit of making according to the method described in the embodiment of the present invention 1 is taken in 1 group of test-meal, 600g for each person every day, point early, middle and late 3 times edible, each 200g;
The bread of making according to the method described in the embodiment of the present invention 4 is taken in 2 groups of test-meals, 600g for each person every day, point early, middle and late 3 times edible, each 200g;
Contrast 1 group take make according to the method described in the embodiment of the present invention 1 but do not add the biscuit of making according to the fenugreek of processing of the present invention, 600g for each person every day, point early, middle and late 3 times edible, each 200g;
Contrast 2 groups take make according to the method described in the embodiment of the present invention 4 but do not add the bread of making according to the fenugreek of processing of the present invention, 600g for each person every day, point early, middle and late 3 times edible, each 200g;
The test-meal time is 3 days.
(2) study subject and grouping
Study subject:
Experimenter's inclusive criteria: select the age at 30～60 years old, without obvious brain, the heart, liver, lung, kidney, hematologic disease, volunteer the diabetes patient that tested assurance coordinates, can not take in a short time other antihypelipidemic foodstuff or medicine person.
Tested crowd gets rid of following object: the age is below 30 years old or more than 60 years old; Gestation or women breast-feeding their children; Intentionally, the serious disease person such as liver, kidney and hemopoietic system; Must take hypoglycemic medicine every day and have influence on the judgement person to result.Before test-meal, participating in case number is 60 examples, after test-meal, effectively case number is 57 examples (wherein 1 group of 15 example of test-meal, 2 group of 15 example of test-meal, 1 group of 13 example of contrast, 2 group of 13 example of contrast), 1 group of 1 example of contrast, 2 group of 2 example of contrast that cannot adhere to because not taking antidiabetic drug product, contrast 1 group of 1 example lost to follow-up.
Grouping: study subject is divided into 2 groups of 1 group of test-meal, 2 groups of test-meals and 1 group of contrast, contrasts at random, and two groups all have harmony on sex, age, Diet lifestyle.
(3) observation index and analysis
Everyone of test-meal group and control group detected change of blood sugar and understand other impression of health after edible test meal at every turn, and special concern has or not the situations such as abdominal distension, stomachache, diarrhoea.
As a result, from study subject first day, control group just has blood sugar rising phenomenon, within second day, just has the phenomenon that can not adhere to and must take antidiabetic drug, within the 3rd day, has 3 people can not adhere to, 1 people is lost to follow-up.And all there is not blood sugar and raise and can not adhere to tested situation in 2 groups of 1 group of test-meals, test-meal in 3 days; All there is not the situations such as abdominal distension, stomachache, diarrhoea in experimenter all.Evidence composition diabetes patient of the present invention can relievedly eat, and the situations such as abdominal distension, stomachache, diarrhoea can not occur yet.
technique effect of the present invention:
Composition of the present invention safety is controlled, the uncomfortable reaction such as particularly, on the one hand owing to having removed the combination of fenugreek gum in fenugreek, can not feel sick after edible, vomiting, abdomen are risen, diarrhoea, exhaust increase; On the other hand, all do not have with an organic solvent and other chemical substance owing to removing the process of combination of fenugreek gum and other process, do not introduce other poisonous and harmful composition; Due to by the removal of this pure natural the oxious component fenugreek that retained effective ingredient wherein join in food, multiple bioactive health-oriented products such as being conducive to people and often edible thisly thering are hypoglycemic, reducing blood lipid, prevention diabetes, protect liver, be antitumor, and, owing to having added the fenugreek fine powder with hypoglycemic activity in food, although contain glucide in finished product food, but after edible, can not cause blood sugar to raise, so diabetic is also edible; Finally, because the present invention is processing in the process of fenugreek not with an organic solvent, production process safety, processing procedure is without organic solvent, without main equipment with do not need mass energy, production method is simple, is convenient to suitability for industrialized production, and with low cost, be easy to promote, can produce larger economic benefit.
The specific embodiment
embodiment 1:
The preparation method of fenugreek Oat Cracker, its step is as follows:
(1) get fenugreek, use machine for stir-frying Chinese medicine frying, temperature is 165 ℃, fries 14 minutes, fries to fenugreek seed coat sallowly, cracks, and slightly when breach, take out one end, lets cool;
(2) fenugreek after frying, clear water is cleaned, and adds clear water to soak 3 times, add for the first time the clear water of 4 times of fenugreek weight, soak at room temperature 11 hours, puts the dry water that soaks, add for the second time the clear water of 3 times of fenugreek weight, soak at room temperature 6 hours, puts the dry water that soaks again; Add for the third time the clear water of 3 times of fenugreek weight, soak at room temperature 4 hours, puts the dry water that soaks again;
(3) soaked fenugreek is placed in to baking oven, in the temperature of 104 ℃ dry to moisture content be 8%;
(4) be ground into the fine powder of 240 eye mesh screens;
(5) get the fenugreek fine powder crushing, add 100 portions of wheat flours, 50 portions of oatmeals, make other raw material of biscuit according to every part of fenugreek fine powder, make fenugreek Oat Cracker.
embodiment 2:
The preparation method of fenugreek noodle prepared from buckwheat, its step is as follows:
(1) get fenugreek, use machine for stir-frying Chinese medicine frying, temperature is 150 ℃, fries 16 minutes, fries to fenugreek seed coat sallowly, cracks, and slightly when breach, take out one end, lets cool;
(2) fenugreek after frying, clear water is cleaned, and adds clear water to soak 2 times, add for the first time the clear water of 6 times of fenugreek weight, soak at room temperature 14 hours, puts the dry water that soaks, add for the second time the clear water of 3 times of fenugreek weight, soak at room temperature 10 hours, puts the dry water that soaks again;
(3) soaked fenugreek is placed in to baking oven, in the temperature of 106 ℃ dry to moisture content be 6%;
(4) be ground into the fine powder of 300 eye mesh screens;
(5) get the fenugreek fine powder crushing, add 150 portions of wheat flours, 100 parts of buckwheats, make other raw materials of noodles according to every part of fenugreek fine powder, make fenugreek noodle prepared from buckwheat.
embodiment 3:
The preparation method of fenugreek corn instant nutrient powder, its step is as follows:
(1) get fenugreek, use machine for stir-frying Chinese medicine frying, temperature is 180 ℃, fries 12 minutes, fries to fenugreek seed coat sallowly, cracks, and slightly when breach, take out one end, lets cool;
(2) fenugreek after frying, clear water is cleaned, and adds clear water to soak 1 time, adds the clear water of 10 times of fenugreek weight, and soak at room temperature 24 hours is put the dry water that soaks;
(3) soaked fenugreek is placed in to baking oven, in the temperature of 102 ℃ dry to moisture content be 10%;
(4) be ground into the fine powder of 80 eye mesh screens;
(5) get the fenugreek fine powder crushing, add other raw material of 150 portions of corn flour, 100 portions of oatmeals, 50 parts of buckwheats, instant nutrient powder easy to make according to every part of fenugreek fine powder, make fenugreek corn instant nutrient powder.
embodiment 4:
The preparation method of fenugreek oat bread, its step is as follows:
(1) get fenugreek, use machine for stir-frying Chinese medicine frying, temperature is 155 ℃, fries 13 minutes, fries to fenugreek seed coat sallowly, cracks, and slightly when breach, take out one end, lets cool;
(2) fenugreek after frying, clear water is cleaned, and adds clear water to soak 3 times, adds for the first time the clear water of 4 times of fenugreek weight, and soak at room temperature 11 hours is put the dry water that soaks; Add for the second time the clear water of 3 times of fenugreek weight, soak at room temperature 6 hours, puts the dry water that soaks again; Add for the third time the clear water of 3 times of fenugreek weight, soak at room temperature 4 hours, puts the dry water that soaks again;
(3) soaked fenugreek is placed in to baking oven, in the temperature of 105 ℃ dry to moisture content be 9%;
(4) be ground into the fine powder of 300 eye mesh screens;
(5) get the fenugreek fine powder crushing, add 100 wheat flours, 100 portions of oatmeals, make other raw material of bread according to every part of fenugreek fine powder, make fenugreek oat bread.
Claims (5)
1. a preparation method for fenugreek food, is characterized in that, comprises frying, immersion, oven dry, the technological process of pulverizing, making finished product, the steps include:
Step (1) frying: get fenugreek, use machine for stir-frying Chinese medicine frying, temperature is 150～180 ℃, fries 12～16 minutes, fries to fenugreek seed coat sallowly, cracks, and when there is breach one end, takes out, and lets cool;
Step (2) is soaked: the fenugreek after frying, adds clear water and soak 1～3 time;
Step (3) dry: soaked fenugreek is placed in to baking oven, in the temperature of 102～106 ℃ dry to moisture content be 6～10%;
Step (4) is pulverized: the fine powder that was ground into 80～300 eye mesh screens;
Step (5) is made finished product: get the fenugreek fine powder crushing, add 100～800 parts of raw-food materials according to every part of fenugreek fine powder, make mixture, add the conventional raw material of making food, can be made into finished product food.
2. according to the preparation method of the food of fenugreek described in claim 1, it is characterized in that the immersion that step (2) is described:
Add clear water and soak 1 time time, the fenugreek after frying, adds the clear water of 10 times of fenugreek weight, and soak at room temperature 24 hours, puts the dry water that soaks; Or
Add clear water and soak 2 times time, the fenugreek after frying, adds the clear water of 6 times of fenugreek weight for the first time, and soak at room temperature 14 hours, puts the dry water that soaks, and adds for the second time the clear water of 3 times of fenugreek weight again, and soak at room temperature 10 hours is put the dry water that soaks; Or
Add clear water and soak 3 times time, the fenugreek after frying, adds the clear water of 4 times of fenugreek weight for the first time, and soak at room temperature 11 hours, puts the dry water that soaks, and adds for the second time the clear water of 3 times of fenugreek weight again, and soak at room temperature 6 hours is put the dry water that soaks; Add for the third time the clear water of 3 times of fenugreek weight, soak at room temperature 4 hours, puts the dry water that soaks again.
3. the preparation method of fenugreek food according to claim 1, is characterized in that, this preparation method's concrete operation step:
Step (1) frying: get fenugreek, use machine for stir-frying Chinese medicine frying, temperature is 165 ℃, fries 14 minutes, fries to fenugreek seed coat sallowly, cracks, and slightly when breach, take out one end, lets cool;
Step (2) is soaked: the fenugreek after frying, and add clear water and soak 3 times, add for the first time the clear water of 4 times of fenugreek weight, soak at room temperature 11 hours, puts the dry water that soaks, and adds for the second time the clear water of 3 times of fenugreek weight again, and soak at room temperature 6 hours is put the dry water that soaks; Add for the third time the clear water of 3 times of fenugreek weight, soak at room temperature 4 hours, puts the dry water that soaks again;
Step (3) dry: soaked fenugreek is placed in to baking oven, in the temperature of 104 ℃ dry to moisture content be 8%;
Step (4) is pulverized: the fine powder that was ground into 240 eye mesh screens;
Step (5) is made finished product: get the fenugreek fine powder crushing, add 100 parts of raw-food materials according to every part of fenugreek fine powder, make mixture, add the conventional raw material of making food, can be made into finished product food.
4. the preparation method of fenugreek food according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the raw-food material described in step (5) is one or more the mixed powder in wheat flour, corn flour, oatmeal, buckwheat, glutinous rice flour, sweet potato powder, tapioca starch.
5. the preparation method of fenugreek food according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the finished product food described in step (5) is any in biscuit, noodles, instant nutrient powder, the rice dumpling, boiled dumpling, steamed bun, bread.
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| CN101703208A (en) * | 2009-11-20 | 2010-05-12 | 天津农学院 | Method for preparing edible tonka bean powder |
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