CN103111030B - System and method for preventing coal spontaneous combustion or extinguishing coal spontaneous combustion - Google Patents
System and method for preventing coal spontaneous combustion or extinguishing coal spontaneous combustion Download PDFInfo
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- CN103111030B CN103111030B CN201310002721.1A CN201310002721A CN103111030B CN 103111030 B CN103111030 B CN 103111030B CN 201310002721 A CN201310002721 A CN 201310002721A CN 103111030 B CN103111030 B CN 103111030B
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- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 137
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 117
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 30
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 166
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 75
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 claims description 68
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
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- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 5
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- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000010408 sweeping Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000010977 jade Substances 0.000 description 12
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 9
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 9
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 description 8
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- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 235000019504 cigarettes Nutrition 0.000 description 6
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- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 2
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Abstract
The invention firstly provides the following technical scheme: a gas blowing device and a gas exhaust device are implanted or arranged in the maximal temperature zone or already spontaneous combustion zone of a coal yard, wherein the gas blowing device cools sweeping gas, such as air, CO2, N2 and/or an inert gas through subcooling, and the gas exhaust device compulsively exhausts oxidizing gas capable of causing coal spontaneous combustion, a small amount of low-temperature volatile component gas and a cooling sweeping gas tail gas which are remained in the inner space of the coal yard. The gas blowing device and the gas exhaust device can fast reduce the temperature of high-temperature coal or spontaneous combustion coal and can be used for fast exhausting the oxidizing gas capable of causing the coal spontaneous combustion and the small amount of low-temperature volatile component gas, thereby preventing the coal spontaneous combustion or extinguishing the coal spontaneous combustion.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the system and method preventing spontaneous combustionof coal or spontaneous combustionof coal is extinguished, be mainly used in prevention and solve coal, such as, there is the problem of spontaneous combustion in young bituminous coal, brown coal or upgraded coal in excavation, production, storage, transportation.
Background technology
The practical problem that spontaneous combustionof coal is coal production, processing, storage, transport enterprise and coal chemical industry enterprises often run into, also be an insoluble technical barrier, now general method adopts various passivation technology to make coal surface carry out oxidation to a certain degree and make its inactivation, such as, the system of a US5711769(inactivate activity coal tar and technique); The system of a US5863304(passivation low-order coal and technique); The equipment of the low-order coal after US4402706U(oxidation drying process); The passivation system of a CN101781596(active coke) disclosed in passivation and the apparatus and method of oxidation processes coal.
But this passivating method is only reduction of the possibility of spontaneous combustionof coal, under certain environmental conditions, coal after Passivation Treatment still has the possibility of spontaneous combustion, in order to effectively prevent spontaneous combustionof coal, or spontaneous combustionof coal is extinguished, except coal passivation technology, also need to find a kind of easy, practical, efficient method and solve this technical barrier.
Often find coal saving is on-the-spot: when there is spontaneous combustion or spontaneous combustion sign when dump, by means of only watering, cooling is realized to dump and with attempt, the method that spontaneous combustionof coal extinguishes often is difficult to prove effective, and effect or even run counter to desire.Tracing it to its cause is because watering in surface penetrates into dump inside very slowly, and hinders oxidation of coal to produce shedding of heat, makes thermal accumlation cause temperature to raise further, thus aggravation oxidation heat liberation speed; Meanwhile, the water penetrated into easily is formed water oxygen complex by after coal absorption, and oxidation of coal can be made to accelerate.Therefore, for spontaneous combustion or the dump occurring propensity, the heat rapidly oxidation being produced sheds, and is only effective prevention method.
Find in practice, preventing spontaneous combustionof coal or making spontaneous combustionof coal extinguish most effective method is regularly turn over coal yard or dump, dry in the air.By turning over, drying in the air, the coal knocking making internal temperature high in an atmosphere, the heat that oxidation of coal produces passes by the convection heat transfer' heat-transfer by convection through air, reduce the maximum temperature of Coal Yard, and make the oxidizing gas of high concentration, a small amount of low temperature volatile matter gas effusion, thus by stopping spontaneous combustion source point, and then reach and prevent spontaneous combustionof coal, or the object that spontaneous combustionof coal is extinguished.But such method needs a large amount of manpowers and plant equipment.
Therefore, find one and do not carry out turning over, drying in the air, but play and turn over, the apparatus system of phase of drying in the air same-action and/or method be main purpose of the present invention.
Summary of the invention
According to a first aspect of the present invention, a kind of system preventing spontaneous combustionof coal or spontaneous combustionof coal is extinguished is provided, comprises:
At least one gas blow pipe, for make cooling purge gas enter dump highest temperature region or in spontaneous combustion region to cool wherein coal; With
At least one blast pipe, for from dump highest temperature region or forced in spontaneous combustion region to discharge oxidizing gas, low temperature volatile matter gas and/or cooling purge gas tail gas,
Wherein, described gas blow pipe and blast pipe are the auger stems of inner hollow, are homogeneously or heterogeneously dispersed with multiplely to run through passage on an ancient piece of jade, round, flat and with a hole in its centre for the auger stem of described inner hollow and/or on blade.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, a kind of system preventing spontaneous combustionof coal or spontaneous combustionof coal is extinguished is provided, comprises:
At least one blowning installation, for make cooling purge gas enter dump highest temperature region or in spontaneous combustion region to cool wherein coal;
At least one exhaust apparatus, for from dump highest temperature region or forced in spontaneous combustion region to discharge oxidizing gas, low temperature volatile matter gas and/or cooling purge gas tail gas; With
Overcoat protected by the hollow screw drilling rod corresponding with described blowning installation and exhaust apparatus, for making blowning installation and exhaust apparatus not be damaged when implanting dump highest temperature region or in spontaneous combustion region,
Wherein, described blowning installation and/or exhaust apparatus comprise:
The bucket of bottom end seal, bottom is preferably taper;
At least one is positioned at the penetrating via on the wall of described bucket, enters the outside of bucket or is entered the inside of bucket by described bucket outside by described bucket is inner for making cooling purge gas, oxidizing gas and/or low temperature volatile matter gas through described passage;
At least one to be positioned at above described penetrating via and the striker plate be installed on the wall outer surface of described bucket, and for the inside stoping coal particles to enter said bucket, the vertical plane of wherein said striker plate covers above-mentioned penetrating via;
Be positioned at the cooling purge gas entrance at barrel wall top or top.
Preferably, the perpendicular cross-sectional shape of above-mentioned striker plate is the angle intersected to form by the end points of two straight lines, and wherein straight line is vertical line; Described cooling purge gas can be air, CO
2, N
2and/or inert gas; Described cooling purge gas contains the water of 1-30 % by weight, or described cooling purge gas is regularly replaced by water discontinuously.
Preferably, described gas blow pipe or blowning installation can be greater than 1 atmospheric compressor with pressure and be connected; And described blast pipe or exhaust apparatus can be less than 1 atmospheric air-introduced machine with pressure and be connected, to form 1-5 between described gas blow pipe and blast pipe inside or between blowning installation and exhaust apparatus inside, such as 2-3 atmospheric pressure reduction.
Usually, the protection of described hollow screw drilling rod outer be enclosed within described blowning installation and exhaust apparatus implant described dump highest temperature region or in spontaneous combustion region after take out spontaneous combustion region from described dump highest temperature region or; Described hollow screw drilling rod protection overcoat and described blowning installation and exhaust apparatus is buckled by screw thread, spiral shell, pin, Ka Deng mechanism are fixed.
Preferably, adjacent described gas blow pipe and blast pipe or blowning installation and exhaust apparatus interval 1-5 rice, such as 2-3 rice; Described gas blow pipe and blast pipe or blowning installation and exhaust apparatus also regularly can carry out operation and exchange to prevent " passage on an ancient piece of jade, round, flat and with a hole in its centre " to block; Meanwhile, the quantity of described gas blow pipe or blowning installation can be less than or more than the quantity of described blast pipe or exhaust apparatus.
Usually, a described gas blow pipe and blast pipe or blowning installation and exhaust apparatus joint or more piece, when more piece, described gas blow pipe and blast pipe or blowning installation and exhaust apparatus are series connected by fixed mechanisms such as screw thread, spiral shell button, pin, cards.
According to a third aspect of the present invention, provide a kind of method preventing spontaneous combustionof coal or spontaneous combustionof coal is extinguished, it comprises the following steps successively:
(1) coal highest temperature region or spontaneous combustion region is determined;
(2) system described in the present invention first and second aspect is implanted described coal highest temperature region or in spontaneous combustion region, subsequently described hollow screw drilling rod protection overcoat is taken out spontaneous combustion region from described coal highest temperature region or;
(3) the described cooling purge gas of powerful injection in described gas blow pipe or blowning installation, to make described purge gas be excluded outside system in the oxidizing gas at least partially in coal particles space and low temperature volatile matter gas purging to described blast pipe or blowning installation inner space, to cool purge gas simultaneously and cool above-mentioned coal highest temperature region or the coal particles in spontaneous combustion region fast;
(4) below the temperature or autoignition temperature that make above-mentioned coal highest temperature region or the coal temperature in spontaneous combustion region be reduced to cause spontaneous combustion.
Preferably, described cooling purge gas contains the water of 1-30 % by weight, or cools purge gas and water described in alter least-squares in described gas blow pipe or blowning installation.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the gas blow pipe as blowning installation and the blast pipe as exhaust apparatus;
Fig. 2 is the hollow screw drilling rod protection overcoat of another kind of blowning installation and another kind of exhaust apparatus;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of a kind of blowning installation and a kind of exhaust apparatus;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of another kind of blowning installation and another kind of exhaust apparatus;
Fig. 5 makes cooling purge gas and oxidizing gas carry out the schematic diagram circulated in dump inside by means of blowning installation and exhaust apparatus;
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram arranging multiple blowning installation and exhaust apparatus at the inner interval of dump;
Fig. 7 is for preventing blocking blowning installation and exhaust apparatus from regularly carrying out the schematic diagram exchanged;
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention is further explained in detail by the description below with reference to accompanying drawing, but below describe only for enabling general technical staff of the technical field of the invention clearly understand principle of the present invention and marrow, and do not mean that any type of restriction is carried out to the present invention.In accompanying drawing, equivalent or corresponding parts or the identical reference numerals of feature represent.
The present invention includes two kinds of technical schemes, a kind of is comparatively large for the granularity of coal particles, the situation that such as particle mean size is greater than 15 millimeters; Another kind is less for the granularity of coal particles, the situation that such as particle mean size is less than 15 millimeters.But regardless of which kind of technical scheme, all have between coal particles and enough make gas realize the space of circulation under certain pressure reduction.
When the granularity of the coal particles of Coal Yard is larger, the blowning installation of cooling purge gas as shown in Figure 1 and pressure is adopted to discharge the exhaust apparatus of oxidizing gas, low temperature volatile matter gas and cooling purge gas tail gas, as shown in Figure 1, described device is the auger stem of inner hollow, is homogeneously or heterogeneously dispersed with a large amount of to run through passage on an ancient piece of jade, round, flat and with a hole in its centre for the auger stem of inner hollow and/or on blade.
When employing temperature measuring equipment, such as, when thermoelectricity is occasionally estimated and is found that the specific region of Coal Yard occurs causing the high-temperature area of spontaneous combustion or occurred spontaneous combustion region, by the device such as tower crane or overhead traveling crane at least two devices are as shown in Figure 1 implanted Coal Yard highest temperature area or in spontaneous combustion region, certain and the rational distance in the two interval, such as 1-3 rice, purge gas is injected by the auger stem of a compressor hollow is wherein inner powerful, raise because compressing the purge gas temperature caused for eliminating, necessary cooling need be carried out, such as with the air that cooling water cools indirectly, CO
2, N
2and/or inert gas is as cooling purge gas, and the auger stem inside of another hollow is communicated with air-introduced machine, therefore, such as 1-5, preferably 2-3 atmospheric pressure reduction is formed between the auger stem inside of two hollows, cooling purge gas under this differential pressure action through in the space run through coal particles that passage enters Coal Yard a large amount of on an auger stem ancient piece of jade, round, flat and with a hole in its centre and/or on blade, and under above-mentioned differential pressure action the inside of another hollow screw drilling rod that the flow direction is connected with air-introduced machine.
In the process, two effects are played during cooling flow of sweep gas, one is by most of oxidizing gas as purge gas, the trace of such as, when oxygen is heated with coal release or a small amount of low temperature volatile matter gas purging are in the inner space of another hollow screw drilling rod be connected with air-introduced machine, and outside being exhausted from system under the effect of air-introduced machine, another effect is because the temperature difference tens degree of itself and coal particles even goes up Baidu, the two will carry out Rapid Thermal exchange, coal particles will be rapidly cooled to cannot below the temperature of spontaneous combustion or even room temperature.Due to the oxidizing process that spontaneous combustion is a similar burning, after most of oxidant (such as oxygen) is eliminated, when high temperature drop to away from below self-ignition point temperature time, will effectively prevent spontaneous combustionof coal or spontaneous combustionof coal is extinguished.In the process, the flow direction of various gas as shown in Figure 5.For the situation that dieseling is serious, for preventing causing burning because blasting oxygenous in purge gas, N need be adopted
2, CO
2or other inert gases are as purge gas.
When the granularity of the coal particles of Coal Yard is less, such as particle mean size be less than 15 millimeters, even lower when, device shown in Fig. 1 has been not just preferably, because in the highest temperature area that the device shown in Fig. 1 implants Coal Yard or process in spontaneous combustion region, tiny coal particles sometimes may block and run through passage on a hollow screw drilling rod ancient piece of jade, round, flat and with a hole in its centre and/or on blade, thus makes it ineffectively maybe cannot work.In this case, preferably the second technical scheme of the present invention is adopted.
Device in the second technical scheme of the present invention as in Figure 2-4; first it comprises the hollow screw drilling rod protection overcoat shown in a Fig. 2; be not damaged when implanting dump highest temperature region or in spontaneous combustion region to make the blowning installation shown in Fig. 3-4 and exhaust apparatus; not run through passage with the drilling rod of hollow screw shown in Fig. 1 unlike on its ancient piece of jade, round, flat and with a hole in its centre and/or on blade, but its inside has as shown in Figure 3, preferably the cooling purge gas of another kind of structure as shown in Figure 4 blowning installation and force the exhaust apparatus of discharging various gas.Hollow screw drilling rod and blowning installation or exhaust apparatus are fixed by screw thread, spiral shell button, pin, Ka Deng mechanism.
Equally, when there is causing the high-temperature area of spontaneous combustion or occurred spontaneous combustion region in the specific region adopting temperature measuring equipment, such as thermoelectricity occasionally estimates discovery Coal Yard, by the device such as tower crane or overhead traveling crane at least two devices are as shown in Figure 3 or Figure 4 implanted Coal Yard highest temperature area or in spontaneous combustion region, the two interval certain and reasonably distance, such as 1-5 rice, preferred 2-3 rice.Remove hollow screw drilling rod protection overcoat and the fixed component between blowning installation and exhaust apparatus afterwards; thus hollow screw drilling rod protection overcoat is taken out from dump, and blowning installation and exhaust apparatus are retained in dump highest temperature area or in spontaneous combustion region.
Above-mentioned blowning installation and/or exhaust apparatus can comprise as shown in Figure 3: the bucket of bottom end seal, and bottom is preferably taper; At least one is positioned at the penetrating via on the wall of bucket, enters the outside of bucket or entered the inside of bucket by the outside of described bucket for making cooling purge gas, oxidizing gas and/or low temperature volatile matter gas through described passage by the inside of described bucket; At least one to be positioned at above described passage and the striker plate be installed on the wall outer surface of described bucket, and for the inside stoping coal particles to enter said bucket, the vertical plane of wherein said striker plate covers above-mentioned penetrating via; Be positioned at the wall top of bucket or the cooling purge gas entrance at top.
Preferably, above-mentioned blowning installation and/or exhaust apparatus can comprise as shown in Figure 4: the bucket of bottom end seal, and bottom is preferably taper; At least one is positioned at the penetrating via on the wall of bucket, is entered the outside of bucket or is entered the inside of bucket by the outside of described bucket by described bucket inside for making cooling purge gas, oxidizing gas and/or low temperature volatile matter gas through described passage; At least one to be positioned at above described penetrating via and the striker plate be installed on the wall outer surface of described bucket, and the perpendicular cross-sectional shape of described striker plate is the angle intersected to form by the end points of two straight lines, wherein straight line is vertical line, for the inside stoping coal particles to enter said bucket, the vertical plane of described striker plate covers above-mentioned penetrating via; Be positioned at the wall top of bucket or the cooling purge gas entrance at top.
By the blowning installation inner powerful purge gas that inject through water quench of compressor to structure shown in Fig. 3 or Fig. 4, purge gas available air, CO
2, N
2and/or inert gas, and the exhaust apparatus inside of structure shown in Fig. 3 or Fig. 4 is communicated with air-introduced machine, therefore, such as 1-5, preferably 2-4 atmospheric pressure reduction is formed between the blowning installation of hollow and the exhaust apparatus inside of hollow, cooling purge gas through in the space running through coal particles that passage enters Coal Yard on an ancient piece of jade, round, flat and with a hole in its centre for above-mentioned blowning installation, and passes an ancient piece of jade, round, flat and with a hole in its centre for above-mentioned exhaust apparatus runs through the inside that passage flows to the exhaust apparatus be connected with air-introduced machine under this differential pressure action under above-mentioned differential pressure action.
In the process, still two effects are played during cooling flow of sweep gas, a low temperature volatile matter gas purging discharged when being and oxidizing gas, such as oxygen being heated with coal as purge gas is in the exhaust apparatus inner space be connected with air-introduced machine, and outside being exhausted from system under the effect of air-introduced machine, another effect is because the temperature difference tens degree of itself and coal particles even goes up Baidu, the two will carry out Rapid Thermal exchange, and coal particles will be rapidly cooled to cannot below the temperature of spontaneous combustion or even room temperature.Due to the oxidizing process that spontaneous combustion is a similar burning, after most of oxidant, such as oxygen are eliminated, when high temperature drop to away from below self-ignition point temperature time, will effectively prevent spontaneous combustionof coal or spontaneous combustionof coal is extinguished.In the process, the flow direction of various gas still as shown in Figure 5.
It should be noted that: the second technical scheme of the present invention can substitute the first technical scheme, it is equally also applicable to the larger situation of the granularity of the coal particles of Coal Yard.
In above-mentioned the first and the second technical scheme, the system worked well making the present invention prevent spontaneous combustionof coal or spontaneous combustionof coal is extinguished and the efficient key factor playing its function ensure that " ancient piece of jade, round, flat and with a hole in its centre runs through passage " is not blocked by coal particles and/or fine powder, thus affect sub-cooled purge gas, oxidizing gas (such as oxygen), on a small quantity low temperature volatile matter gas and sub-cooled purge gas tail gas inject by predetermined direction and mode, flow and discharge.If the injection of above-mentioned various gas, flowing and discharge cannot realize or be obstructed, the Rapid Thermal cooled between the coal particles in purge gas and Coal Yard exchanges and just cannot realize.If coal particles cannot cool fast, and oxidizing gas (such as oxygen), a small amount of low temperature volatile matter gas cannot be discharged in time or overflow from the coal particles space Coal Yard, just effectively cannot prevent spontaneous combustionof coal, spontaneous combustionof coal maybe cannot be made to extinguish.
Although in the present invention the first and the second technical scheme, by adjusting the size of " ancient piece of jade, round, flat and with a hole in its centre runs through passage " according to the granularity of coal particles and arranging the modes such as striker plate to prevent " passage " blocking, but when some are extreme, " passage " blocking may be unavoidable, will affect enforcement of the present invention like this.
For this reason, thoroughly address this problem by blowning installation and exhaust apparatus or gas blow pipe and blast pipe operation exchange, as shown in Figure 7, blowning installation is communicated with blast pipe with exhaust apparatus or gas blow pipe with pipeline by valve, blowning installation and exhaust apparatus or gas blow pipe and blast pipe are regularly exchanged, thus the coal particles of blocking " passage " in being deposited on " passage " and/or fine powder high pressure cooling purge gas blowout " passage " are outward.As shown in Figure 7, blowning installation in condition 1 or gas blow pipe become exhaust apparatus in condition 2 or blast pipe by the closed meeting of valve on pipeline, equally, the exhaust apparatus in condition 1 or blast pipe become blowning installation in condition 2 or gas blow pipe by the closed meeting of valve on pipeline.
It should be noted that: in the highest temperature region or spontaneous combustion region of Coal Yard, the quantity of above-mentioned blowning installation and exhaust apparatus or gas blow pipe and blast pipe is single, may also be multiple, and is multiple in more situation, such as, as shown in Figure 6.The distance of adjacent exhaust device or blast pipe or adjacent blowning installation or gas blow pipe can be 2 ~ 10 meters, such as 2-8 rice, preferably 4-6 rice.Especially, for ensureing that oxidizing gas (such as oxygen), a small amount of low temperature volatile matter gas are discharged by rapid, unobstructed, gas blow pipe (blowning installation) and blast pipe (exhaust apparatus) should rationally be arranged symmetrically, the gas blow pipe (blowning installation) of purge gas and 1 ~ 5 meter, blast pipe (exhaust apparatus) interval for discharging rapidly oxidizing gas (such as oxygen), a small amount of low temperature volatile matter gas and cooling purge gas tail gas is cooled, preferred 2-3 rice to make feeding.As can be seen here, the quantity of gas blow pipe (blowning installation) and blast pipe (exhaust apparatus) depends on the highest temperature region of Coal Yard or the size in spontaneous combustion region, for the region of 100 square metres, implantable or 9 ~ 16 gas blow pipes (blowning installation) and 9 ~ 16 blast pipes (exhaust apparatus) are installed.Obviously, above-mentioned gas blow pipe (blowning installation) and the non-essential paired setting or staggered of blast pipe (exhaust apparatus), the quantity of gas blow pipe (blowning installation) also can be less than or more than the quantity of blast pipe (exhaust apparatus), as long as ensure that oxidizing gas and a small amount of low temperature volatile matter gas and cooling purge gas tail gas can be rapid and be excluded or overflow unobstructedly.
Above-mentioned gas blow pipe (blowning installation) and/or blast pipe (exhaust apparatus) can be independent joints, also can be more piece, when more piece, by fixed mechanisms such as screw thread, spiral shell button, pin, cards, they are together in series, the benefit done like this is its height is adjustable, and it uses when processing the spontaneous combustion region of Coal Yard of differing heights or differing heights can more flexibly and convenient.
In the above-mentioned system preventing spontaneous combustionof coal or make spontaneous combustionof coal extinguish; the cooling purge gas used also can contain the water of certain proportion water, such as 1-30 % by weight; described water is after conventional atomising device, the atomization of such as venturi scrubber; solution-air two-phase mixture is formed together with cooling purge gas; through above-mentioned gas blow pipe or blowning installation be injected into dump highest temperature region or in spontaneous combustion region; like this; when the dual heat transfer of solution-air, high temperature coal particles or spontaneous combustion coal particles can more promptly be lowered the temperature.
Certainly, when the above-mentioned system preventing spontaneous combustionof coal or make spontaneous combustionof coal extinguish uses, above-mentioned cooling purge gas and water be also alternately injected into dump highest temperature region or in spontaneous combustion region, like this, water is not infiltrate from dump surface, but directly arrives at highest temperature region or the spontaneous combustion region of dump.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment select drying treatment temperature be the brown coal of 55 DEG C as dump raw material, average grain diameter is at about 35mm, and its Industrial Analysis is in table 1.
Table 1
| Fixed carbon | Ash content | Volatile matter | Water content |
| 42.3% | 12.7% | 36% | 9% |
150 tons, above-mentioned brown coal are made a taper dump, and dump and ground dividing plate separate.
With the internal temperature of 30 thermocouple measurement stockpiles, stack after 11 days, it is 85 DEG C that coal charge piles inner maximum temperature.This illustrates that above-mentioned dump very likely spontaneous combustion will occur afterwards.
Above-mentioned dump started smoulder (spontaneous combustion) after the 16th day.The mark of (spontaneous combustion) of smouldering is that dump surface has water vapour and cigarette.
In dump, the blast pipe shown in the gas blow pipe shown in 24 chromosomes 1 and 26 chromosomes 1 is implanted with crane.The internal diameter of gas blow pipe and blast pipe is 0.2 meter, the spacing of gas blow pipe and blast pipe is 2 meters, and arranged crosswise, the ancient piece of jade, round, flat and with a hole in its centre of gas blow pipe and blast pipe on the surface on average every 5 square centimeters of distributions diameters be that the circle of 15 millimeters runs through gas via-hole, the bottom of above-mentioned gas blow pipe and blast pipe is all inserted into the position close to 20-30 bottom dump centimetre.
In above-mentioned gas blow pipe, the purge gas (air) through water quench is passed into by compressor, make blast pipe be connected with air-introduced machine simultaneously, by pressure and the flow of adjustment cooling purge gas, between gas blow pipe and blast pipe inside, form about 2.0-2.5 atmospheric pressure reduction.
At injection sub-cooled purge gas after 15 minutes, observe the cigarette that spontaneous combustionof coal causes obviously to diminish, after 40 minutes, cigarette disappears substantially, this illustrates that spontaneous combustionof coal is extinguished, stop cooling purge gas to inject, after 3 hours, reactivate the internal temperature of thermocouple measurement dump, find that its maximum temperature is reduced to 43 DEG C, far below the temperature of 60 DEG C that may cause spontaneous combustion.
This illustrates and uses the system and method preventing spontaneous combustionof coal or spontaneous combustionof coal is extinguished shown in Fig. 1 of the present invention effectively to make spontaneous combustionof coal extinguish.
Embodiment 2
Use the brown coal of the drying process identical with embodiment 1 as dump raw material, difference is its particle diameter is 15 millimeters.
150 tons, above-mentioned brown coal are made identical taper dump in and embodiment 1, dump and ground dividing plate separate, and adjacent with the dump in embodiment 1, are beneficial to compare and observe.
With the internal temperature of 30 thermocouple measurement dumps, stack after 9 days, the inner maximum temperature of dump is 87 DEG C.This illustrates that above-mentioned dump also very likely spontaneous combustion will occur afterwards.
Above-mentioned dump started smoulder (spontaneous combustion) after the 13rd day.The mark of (spontaneous combustion) of smouldering is that dump surface has water vapour and cigarette.
In dump, the exhaust apparatus shown in the blowning installation shown in 26 chromosomes 4 and 28 chromosomes 4 is implanted with crane.Wherein the internal diameter of blowning installation and exhaust apparatus is 0.2 meter, the spacing of blowning installation and exhaust apparatus is 2 meters, and arranged crosswise, the ancient piece of jade, round, flat and with a hole in its centre of gas blow pipe and blast pipe on the surface on average every 5 square centimeters of distributions diameters be that the circle of 10 millimeters runs through gas via-hole, the knuckle running through the striker plate above gas via-hole is 135 degree, and the bottom of above-mentioned air blowing and exhaust apparatus is all inserted into the position close to 20-30 bottom dump centimetre.Blowning installation and exhaust apparatus are being inserted into after in dump, are removing being fixedly connected with of the protection of hollow screw drilling rod overcoat and the blowning installation shown in Fig. 4 shown in Fig. 2 and exhaust apparatus, protect overcoat to take out from dump on the hollow screw drilling rod shown in Fig. 2.
In above-mentioned blowning installation, cooling purge gas is passed into by compressor, purge gas is the air of normal temperature, make exhaust apparatus be connected with air-introduced machine simultaneously, by pressure and the flow of adjustment cooling purge gas, between blowning installation and exhaust apparatus inside, form about 2.5-3 atmospheric pressure reduction.
At injection cooling purge gas after 20 minutes, observe the cigarette that spontaneous combustion causes obviously to diminish, cigarette disappears substantially after 1h, this illustrates that spontaneous combustion is extinguished, stop sub-cooled purge gas to inject, after 3 hours, reactivate the internal temperature of thermocouple measurement dump, find that its maximum temperature is reduced to 47 DEG C, far below the temperature of 60 DEG C that may cause spontaneous combustion.
This illustrates and uses the system and method preventing spontaneous combustionof coal or spontaneous combustionof coal is extinguished shown in Fig. 4 of the present invention effectively to make spontaneous combustionof coal extinguish.
It should be noted that: system and method for the present invention not only can effectively and easily make spontaneous combustionof coal extinguish; can also prevent or prevent spontaneous combustionof coal; learn that dump local temperature is abnormal or too high by temperature measuring equipment, such as thermocouple; when likely causing spontaneous combustion; timely use system and method for the present invention can make the temperature of dump highest temperature region reduce fast; thus stop the source of causing spontaneous combustion, and then prevent or prevent spontaneous combustionof coal.
System and method of the present invention reaches and turns over coal stockpile, dry in the air and shine the same effect.
The term that this description is used and form of presentation are only used as descriptive and nonrestrictive term and form of presentation, are not intended to by any equivalents thereof exclude of the feature that represents and describe or its part outside when using these terms and form of presentation.
Although show and described several embodiment of the present invention, the present invention has not been restricted to described embodiment.On the contrary, those of ordinary skill in the art should recognize when not departing from principle of the present invention and essence, and can carry out any accommodation and improvement to these embodiments, scope determined by appended claim and equivalent thereof.
Claims (20)
1. the system preventing spontaneous combustionof coal or spontaneous combustionof coal is extinguished, comprising:
At least one blowning installation, for make cooling purge gas enter dump highest temperature region or in spontaneous combustion region to cool wherein coal;
At least one exhaust apparatus, for from dump highest temperature region or forced in spontaneous combustion region to discharge oxidizing gas, low temperature volatile matter gas and/or cooling purge gas tail gas; With
Overcoat protected by the hollow screw drilling rod corresponding with described blowning installation and exhaust apparatus, for making described blowning installation and exhaust apparatus not be damaged when implanting dump highest temperature region or in spontaneous combustion region,
Wherein, described blowning installation and/or exhaust apparatus comprise:
The bucket of bottom end seal;
At least one is positioned at the penetrating via on the wall of described bucket, enters the outside of bucket or is entered the inside of bucket by described bucket outside by described bucket is inner for making cooling purge gas, oxidizing gas and/or low temperature volatile matter gas through described penetrating via;
At least one to be positioned at above described penetrating via and the striker plate be installed on the wall outer surface of described bucket, and for the inside stoping coal particles to enter said bucket, the vertical plane of wherein said striker plate covers above-mentioned penetrating via;
Be positioned at the cooling purge gas entrance at barrel wall top or top,
Above-mentioned blowning installation and exhaust apparatus, by valve and pipeline communication, regularly exchange to make described blowning installation and exhaust apparatus.
2. system according to claim 1, wherein, the bottom of described bucket wall is taper, so that make described blowning installation and/or exhaust apparatus implant dump highest temperature region fast or in spontaneous combustion region.
3. system according to claim 2, wherein, the perpendicular cross-sectional shape of described striker plate is the angle intersected to form by the end points of two straight lines, and wherein straight line is vertical line.
4., according to one of any described system of claim 1-3, wherein, described cooling purge gas is air, CO
2, N
2and/or inert gas.
5. system according to claim 4, wherein, described cooling purge gas contains the water of 1-30 % by weight.
6., according to one of any described system of claim 1-3, wherein, described cooling purge gas is regularly replaced by water discontinuously.
7., according to one of any described system of claim 1-3, wherein, described blowning installation and pressure are greater than 1 atmospheric compressor and are connected.
8., according to one of any described system of claim 1-3, wherein, described exhaust apparatus and pressure are less than 1 atmospheric air-introduced machine and are connected.
9. according to one of any described system of claim 1-3, wherein, form 1-5 atmospheric pressure reduction between described blowning installation and exhaust apparatus inside.
10. system according to claim 9, wherein, forms 2-3 atmospheric pressure reduction between described blowning installation and exhaust apparatus inside further.
11. according to one of any described system of claim 1-3; wherein, the protection of described hollow screw drilling rod outer be enclosed within described blowning installation and exhaust apparatus implant described dump highest temperature region or in spontaneous combustion region after take out spontaneous combustion region from described dump highest temperature region or.
12. according to one of any described system of claim 1-3, and wherein, described hollow screw drilling rod protection overcoat and described blowning installation and exhaust apparatus are buckled by screw thread, spiral shell, sell or fastened.
13. according to one of any described system of claim 1-3, wherein, and adjacent blowning installation and exhaust apparatus interval 1-5 rice.
14. according to one of any described system of claim 1-3, and wherein, the quantity of described blowning installation is less than or more than the quantity of described exhaust apparatus.
15. according to one of any described system of claim 1-3, and wherein, described blowning installation and exhaust apparatus are a joint or more piece.
16. systems according to claim 15, wherein, described more piece blowning installation and more piece exhaust apparatus are series connected by screw thread, spiral shell button, pin or card.
17. according to claim 1-3,5,10,16 one of any described systems, wherein said system also comprises automatic TME, to position described dump highest temperature region.
18. 1 kinds of methods preventing spontaneous combustionof coal by one of any described system of aforementioned claim 1-17 or spontaneous combustionof coal is extinguished, it comprises the following steps successively:
(1) coal highest temperature region or spontaneous combustion region is determined;
(2) one of any for aforementioned claim 1-17 described system is implanted described coal highest temperature region or in spontaneous combustion region, subsequently described hollow screw drilling rod protection overcoat is taken out spontaneous combustion region from described coal highest temperature region or;
(3) the described cooling purge gas of powerful injection in described blowning installation, to make described purge gas be excluded outside system in the oxidizing gas at least partially in coal particles space and low temperature volatile matter gas purging to described blowning installation inner space, to cool purge gas simultaneously and cool above-mentioned coal highest temperature region or the coal particles in spontaneous combustion region fast;
(4) below the temperature or autoignition temperature that make above-mentioned coal highest temperature region or the coal temperature in spontaneous combustion region be reduced to cause spontaneous combustion.
19. methods according to claim 18, wherein, described cooling purge gas contains the water of 1-30 % by weight.
20. methods according to claim 18, wherein, also comprise and cool purge gas and water described in alter least-squares in blowning installations.
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| CN103540385A (en) * | 2013-10-10 | 2014-01-29 | 黑龙江大学 | Dust suppression and flame retardant method in waterway coal transport |
| CN104888384A (en) * | 2015-06-11 | 2015-09-09 | 中国神华能源股份有限公司 | Spontaneous combustion pre-warning and fireproofing system for coal stored in raw coal hopper |
| CN106743048B (en) * | 2016-12-28 | 2022-04-12 | 湖南科技大学 | Device and method for facilitating water absorption and heat storage guiding discharge in coal pile |
| CN110314302A (en) * | 2019-04-02 | 2019-10-11 | 伊思特（北京）能源科技有限公司 | For the fire retardant device of coal yard dump high temperature combustible zone spray covering inert gas |
| CN111495274A (en) * | 2020-04-20 | 2020-08-07 | 徐州腾源化肥有限公司 | Compound fertilizer steam granulation cooling device |
| CN114588568B (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2023-01-10 | 浙江浙能富兴燃料有限公司 | Device for preventing spontaneous combustion of coal in strip-shaped coal storage yard |
| CN114439536B (en) * | 2022-02-10 | 2023-05-30 | 陇东学院 | Device for preventing spontaneous combustion of coal in coal bed |
| CN115114476B (en) * | 2022-07-26 | 2022-11-15 | 汶上义桥煤矿有限责任公司 | Image processing-based monitoring video storage method for coal washing transmission equipment |
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| GB2111076B (en) * | 1981-12-08 | 1985-01-23 | Evans And Reid Trading Ltd | Preservation of solid fuel |
| US4720612A (en) * | 1986-11-10 | 1988-01-19 | Indak Manufacturing Corp. | Pushbutton vacuum-electric air control unit for automotive vehicles |
| US5919277A (en) * | 1996-07-08 | 1999-07-06 | Hazen Research, Inc. | Method to reduce oxidative deterioration of bulk materials |
| WO2005035698A1 (en) * | 2003-10-15 | 2005-04-21 | S.S.P. B.V. | Method for treating coal piles, apparatus for applying said method and assembly of apparatus and a coal pile |
| CN201128593Y (en) * | 2007-10-25 | 2008-10-08 | 贵阳铝镁设计研究院 | Device for preventing flammable solid material from self-ignition |
| CN102671328A (en) * | 2011-03-14 | 2012-09-19 | 霍福军 | Spontaneous combustion solution for circular coal storages - water vapour storage method |
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