CN103111030A - System and method for preventing coal spontaneous combustion or extinguishing coal spontaneous combustion - Google Patents
System and method for preventing coal spontaneous combustion or extinguishing coal spontaneous combustion Download PDFInfo
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- CN103111030A CN103111030A CN2013100027211A CN201310002721A CN103111030A CN 103111030 A CN103111030 A CN 103111030A CN 2013100027211 A CN2013100027211 A CN 2013100027211A CN 201310002721 A CN201310002721 A CN 201310002721A CN 103111030 A CN103111030 A CN 103111030A
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Abstract
The invention firstly provides the following technical scheme: a gas blowing device and a gas exhaust device are implanted or arranged in the maximal temperature zone or already spontaneous combustion zone of a coal yard, wherein the gas blowing device cools sweeping gas, such as air, CO2, N2 and/or an inert gas through subcooling, and the gas exhaust device compulsively exhausts oxidizing gas capable of causing coal spontaneous combustion, a small amount of low-temperature volatile component gas and a cooling sweeping gas tail gas which are remained in the inner space of the coal yard. The gas blowing device and the gas exhaust device can fast reduce the temperature of high-temperature coal or spontaneous combustion coal and can be used for fast exhausting the oxidizing gas capable of causing the coal spontaneous combustion and the small amount of low-temperature volatile component gas, thereby preventing the coal spontaneous combustion or extinguishing the coal spontaneous combustion.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the system and method that prevents spontaneous combustionof coal or spontaneous combustionof coal is extinguished, be mainly used in prevention and solve coal, for example, the problem of spontaneous combustion appears in young bituminous coal, brown coal or upgraded coal in excavation, production, storage, transportation.
Background technology
Spontaneous combustionof coal is the practical problem that coal production, processing, storage, transport enterprise and coal chemical industry enterprises often run into, it is also an insoluble technical barrier, general method is to adopt various passivation technologies make the coal surface carry out oxidation to a certain degree and make its inactivation now, for example, system and the technique of a US5711769(inactivate activity coal tar); System and the technique of a US5863304(passivation low-order coal); The equipment of the low-order coal after US4402706U(oxidation drying is processed); The passivation system of a CN101781596(active coke) apparatus and method of disclosed passivation and oxidation processes coal.
But this passivating method is only the possibility that has reduced spontaneous combustionof coal, under certain environmental condition, coal after Passivation Treatment still has the possibility of spontaneous combustion, in order effectively to prevent spontaneous combustionof coal, or spontaneous combustionof coal is extinguished, except the coal passivation technology, also need to find a kind of easy, practical, efficient method and solve this technical barrier.
Often find coal saving is on-the-spot: when spontaneous combustion or spontaneous combustion sign appear in dump, only by watering, dump is realized to the cooling method of spontaneous combustionof coal being extinguished with attempt often is difficult to prove effective, and effect or even run counter to desire.Tracing it to its cause is that to penetrate into dump inside very slow because water in surface, and hinders oxidation of coal and produce shedding of heat, makes thermal accumlation cause temperature further to raise, thus aggravation oxidation heat liberation speed; Simultaneously, the water penetrated into, by the rear water oxygen complex that easily forms of coal absorption, can make oxidation of coal accelerate.Therefore, for spontaneous combustion or the dump of propensity occurs, the heat that makes rapidly oxidation produce sheds, and is only effective prevention method.
Find in practice, prevent from spontaneous combustionof coal or make spontaneous combustionof coal extinguish effective method coal yard or dump are regularly turned over, dry in the air.By turning over, drying in the air, make coal knocking that internal temperature is high in atmosphere, convection heat transfer' heat-transfer by convection through atmosphere passes the heat of oxidation of coal generation, reduce the maximum temperature of Coal Yard, and the oxidizing gas of high concentration, a small amount of low temperature volatile matter gas are overflowed, thereby by stopping the spontaneous combustion source point, and then reach and prevent spontaneous combustionof coal, or the purpose that spontaneous combustionof coal is extinguished.But such method needs a large amount of manpower and plant equipment.
Therefore, find and a kind ofly do not turned over, dry in the air, but play and turn over, apparatus system and/or the method for the same function that dries in the air be main purpose of the present invention.
Summary of the invention
According to first aspect present invention, a kind of system that prevents spontaneous combustionof coal or spontaneous combustionof coal is extinguished is provided, comprising:
At least one gas blow pipe, for make cooling purge gas enter the dump highest temperature region or the spontaneous combustion zone to carry out cooling to coal wherein; With
At least one blast pipe, for from the dump highest temperature region or the spontaneous combustion zone force to discharge oxidizing gas, low temperature volatile matter gas and/or cooling purge gas tail gas,
Wherein, described gas blow pipe and blast pipe are the auger stems of inner hollow, on the ancient piece of jade, round, flat and with a hole in its centre of the auger stem of described inner hollow and/or a plurality of passages that run through that distributing equably or unevenly on blade.
According to second aspect present invention, a kind of system that prevents spontaneous combustionof coal or spontaneous combustionof coal is extinguished is provided, comprising:
At least one blowning installation, for make cooling purge gas enter the dump highest temperature region or the spontaneous combustion zone to carry out cooling to coal wherein;
At least one exhaust apparatus, for from the dump highest temperature region or the spontaneous combustion zone force to discharge oxidizing gas, low temperature volatile matter gas and/or cooling purge gas tail gas; With
The hollow screw drilling rod corresponding with described blowning installation and exhaust apparatus protection overcoat, implanting the dump highest temperature region or be not damaged during the spontaneous combustion zone for making blowning installation and exhaust apparatus,
Wherein, described blowning installation and/or exhaust apparatus comprise:
The bucket of bottom end seal, bottom is preferably taper;
At least one is positioned at the penetrating via on the wall of described bucket, for making cooling purge gas, oxidizing gas and/or low temperature volatile matter gas, through described passage, by described bucket is inner, enters the outside of bucket or by the outside inside that enters bucket of described bucket;
At least one is positioned at described penetrating via top and is installed in the striker plate on the wall outer surface of described bucket, for stoping coal particles, enters the inside of said bucket, and the vertical plane of wherein said striker plate covers above-mentioned penetrating via;
Be positioned at the cooling purge gas entrance at barrel wall top or top.
Preferably, the angle that the perpendicular cross-sectional shape of above-mentioned striker plate intersects to form for the end points by two straight lines, wherein straight line is vertical line; Described cooling purge gas can be air, CO
2, N
2and/or inert gas; The water that described cooling purge gas contains the 1-30 % by weight, or described cooling purge gas is regularly replaced by water discontinuously.
Preferably, described gas blow pipe or blowning installation can be greater than 1 atmospheric compressor with pressure and be connected; And described blast pipe or exhaust apparatus can be less than 1 atmospheric air-introduced machine with pressure and be connected, in order to forming 1-5 between described gas blow pipe and blast pipe inside or between blowning installation and exhaust apparatus inside, 2-3 atmospheric pressure reduction for example.
Usually, the protection of described hollow screw drilling rod outer be enclosed within that described blowning installation and exhaust apparatus are implanted described dump highest temperature region or in the spontaneous combustion zone after from described dump highest temperature region or taken out the spontaneous combustion zone; Described hollow screw drilling rod protection overcoat and described blowning installation and the mechanisms such as exhaust apparatus can be buckled by screw thread, spiral shell, pin, card are fixed.
Preferably, adjacent described gas blow pipe and blast pipe or blowning installation and exhaust apparatus interval 1-5 rice, for example 2-3 rice; Described gas blow pipe and blast pipe or blowning installation and exhaust apparatus also can regularly operate and exchange to prevent that " passage on an ancient piece of jade, round, flat and with a hole in its centre " stops up; Simultaneously, the quantity of described gas blow pipe or blowning installation can be less than or more than the quantity of described blast pipe or exhaust apparatus.
Usually, described gas blow pipe and blast pipe or blowning installation and exhaust apparatus be a joint or more piece, in the situation that more piece, described gas blow pipe and blast pipe or blowning installation and exhaust apparatus can be series connected by fixed mechanisms such as screw thread, spiral shell button, pin, cards.
According to third aspect present invention, a kind of method that prevents spontaneous combustionof coal or spontaneous combustionof coal is extinguished is provided, it comprises the following steps successively:
(1) determine coal highest temperature region or spontaneous combustion zone;
(2) the present invention's the first and second described systems in aspect are implanted to described coal highest temperature region or in the spontaneous combustion zone, subsequently by described hollow screw drilling rod protection overcoat from described coal highest temperature region or taken out the spontaneous combustion zone;
(3) inject described cooling purge gas to powerful in described gas blow pipe or blowning installation, so that described purge gas by least a portion oxidizing gas in the coal particles space and low temperature volatile matter gas purging to described blast pipe or blowning installation inner space and be excluded outside system, cooling purge gas cooling above-mentioned coal highest temperature region or the coal particles in the spontaneous combustion zone fast simultaneously;
(4) make above-mentioned coal highest temperature region or the coal temperature in the spontaneous combustion zone be reduced to the temperature that causes spontaneous combustion or below autoignition temperature.
Preferably, the water that described cooling purge gas contains the 1-30 % by weight, or alternately inject described cooling purge gas and water in described gas blow pipe or blowning installation.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is as the gas blow pipe of blowning installation with as the schematic diagram of the blast pipe of exhaust apparatus;
Fig. 2 is the hollow screw drilling rod protection overcoat of another kind of blowning installation and another kind of exhaust apparatus;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of a kind of blowning installation and a kind of exhaust apparatus;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of another kind of blowning installation and another kind of exhaust apparatus;
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram that cooling purge gas and oxidizing gas is circulated by means of blowning installation and exhaust apparatus in dump inside;
Fig. 6 arranges the schematic diagram of a plurality of blowning installations and exhaust apparatus at the dump internal interval;
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram regularly exchanged for preventing from stopping up blowning installation and exhaust apparatus;
The specific embodiment
Be further explained in detail the present invention by the description below with reference to accompanying drawing, but following description is only for making the general technical staff of the technical field of the invention can more be expressly understood principle of the present invention and marrow, and do not mean that the present invention is carried out to any type of restriction.That be equal in accompanying drawing or corresponding parts or feature mean by identical reference numerals.
The present invention includes two kinds of technical schemes, a kind of is larger for the granularity of coal particles, the situation that for example particle mean size is greater than 15 millimeters; Another kind is less for the granularity of coal particles, the situation that for example particle mean size is less than 15 millimeters.But no matter which kind of technical scheme all has between coal particles under certain pressure reduction and enough makes gas realize the space of circulation.
When the granularity of the coal particles of Coal Yard is larger, adopt the blowning installation of cooling purge gas as shown in Figure 1 and the exhaust apparatus that oxidizing gas, low temperature volatile matter gas and cooling purge gas tail gas are discharged in pressure, as shown in Figure 1, described device is the auger stem of inner hollow, on the ancient piece of jade, round, flat and with a hole in its centre of the auger stem of inner hollow and/or a large amount of passage that runs through that distributing equably or unevenly on blade.
When adopting temperature measuring equipment, for example thermoelectricity is occasionally estimated the specific region of finding Coal Yard when occurring causing the high-temperature area of spontaneous combustion or the spontaneous combustion zone having occurred, by the device such as tower crane or overhead traveling crane will at least two devices as shown in Figure 1 implant the temperature highest region territory of Coal Yards or in the spontaneous combustion zone, certain and the rational distance in the two interval, 1-3 rice for example, by the compressor inner powerful purge gas that injects of auger stem of a hollow wherein, for eliminating the purge gas temperature caused because of compression, raise, need carry out the cooling of necessity, for example, with the indirect cooling air of cooling water, CO
2, N
2and/or inert gas is as cooling purge gas, and the auger stem internal communication air-introduced machine of another hollow, therefore, form for example 1-5, preferred 2-3 atmospheric pressure reduction between the auger stem inside of two hollows, cooling purge gas through in a large amount of spaces of running through between the coal particles that passage enters Coal Yard on an auger stem ancient piece of jade, round, flat and with a hole in its centre and/or on blade, and flows to the inside of another hollow screw drilling rod be connected with air-introduced machine under this differential pressure action under above-mentioned differential pressure action.
In this process, bringing into play two effects during cooling flow of sweep gas, one is by most of oxidizing gas as purge gas, the trace for example, discharged when oxygen and coal are heated or a small amount of low temperature volatile matter gas purging are in the inner space of another hollow screw drilling rod be connected with air-introduced machine, and outside being exhausted from system under the effect of air-introduced machine, another effect is that the temperature due to itself and coal particles differs tens degree and even goes up Baidu, the two will carry out the Rapid Thermal exchange, coal particles will be cooled to rapidly can't be below the temperature of spontaneous combustion or even room temperature.Because spontaneous combustion is the oxidizing process of a similar burning, for example, after most of oxidant (oxygen) is eliminated, when temperature acutely drops to when following away from the self-ignition point temperature, will effectively prevents spontaneous combustionof coal or spontaneous combustionof coal is extinguished.In this process, the flow direction of various gases as shown in Figure 5.The serious situation for dieseling, for preventing oxygenously in purge gas causing burning because blasting, need to adopt N
2, CO
2or other inert gases are as purge gas.
When the granularity of the coal particles of Coal Yard hour, for example particle mean size is less than under 15 millimeters, even lower situation, device shown in Fig. 1 has been not just preferably, because implant the temperature highest region territory of Coal Yard or in the process in the spontaneous combustion zone at the device shown in Fig. 1, tiny coal particles may be stopped up the passage that runs through on a hollow screw drilling rod ancient piece of jade, round, flat and with a hole in its centre and/or on blade sometimes, thereby it ineffectively maybe can't be worked.In this case, preferably adopt the second technical scheme of the present invention.
Device in the second technical scheme of the present invention In Figure 2-4; at first it comprises a hollow screw drilling rod protection overcoat shown in Fig. 2; so that the blowning installation shown in Fig. 3-4 and exhaust apparatus are being implanted the dump highest temperature region or be not damaged in the spontaneous combustion zone time; different from the drilling rod of hollow screw shown in Fig. 1 is not run through passage on its ancient piece of jade, round, flat and with a hole in its centre and/or on blade, but its inside has as shown in Figure 3, preferably the cooling purge gas of another kind of structure as shown in Figure 4 blowning installation and force to discharge the exhaust apparatus of various gases.Hollow screw drilling rod and blowning installation or exhaust apparatus are fixed by mechanisms such as screw thread, spiral shell button, pin, cards.
Equally, when the specific region that adopts temperature measuring equipment, for example thermoelectricity occasionally to estimate the discovery Coal Yard occurs causing the high-temperature area of spontaneous combustion or the spontaneous combustion zone occurred, by the device such as tower crane or overhead traveling crane will at least two devices as shown in Figure 3 or Figure 4 implant the temperature highest region territory of Coal Yards or in the spontaneous combustion zone, the two interval certain and reasonably distance, for example 1-5 rice, preferred 2-3 rice.Remove afterwards the fixed component between hollow screw drilling rod protection overcoat and blowning installation and exhaust apparatus; thereby hollow screw drilling rod protection overcoat is taken out from dump, and blowning installation and exhaust apparatus are retained in dump temperature highest region territory or in the spontaneous combustion zone.
Above-mentioned blowning installation and/or exhaust apparatus can comprise as shown in Figure 3: the bucket of bottom end seal, and bottom is preferably taper; At least one is positioned at the penetrating via on the wall of bucket, for making cooling purge gas, oxidizing gas and/or low temperature volatile matter gas enter the outside of bucket through described passage by the inside of described bucket or being entered the inside of bucket by the outside of described bucket; At least one is positioned at described passage top and is installed in the striker plate on the wall outer surface of described bucket, for stoping coal particles, enters the inside of said bucket, and the vertical plane of wherein said striker plate covers above-mentioned penetrating via; Be positioned at the wall top of bucket or the cooling purge gas entrance at top.
Preferably, above-mentioned blowning installation and/or exhaust apparatus can comprise as shown in Figure 4: the bucket of bottom end seal, and bottom is preferably taper; At least one is positioned at the penetrating via on the wall of bucket, for make cooling purge gas, oxidizing gas and/or low temperature volatile matter gas through described passage by the inner inside that enters the outside of bucket or entered bucket by the outside of described bucket of described bucket; At least one is positioned at described penetrating via top and is installed in the striker plate on the wall outer surface of described bucket, and the angle that the perpendicular cross-sectional shape of described striker plate intersects to form for the end points by two straight lines, wherein straight line is vertical line, for stoping coal particles to enter the inside of said bucket, the vertical plane of described striker plate covers above-mentioned penetrating via; Be positioned at the wall top of bucket or the cooling purge gas entrance at top.
Inject the purge gas through water quench, purge gas available air, CO by compressor to the inner brute force of the blowning installation of structure shown in Fig. 3 or Fig. 4
2, N
2and/or inert gas, and the exhaust apparatus internal communication air-introduced machine of structure shown in Fig. 3 or Fig. 4, therefore, form for example 1-5, preferred 2-4 atmospheric pressure reduction between the exhaust apparatus inside of the blowning installation of hollow and hollow, cooling purge gas under this differential pressure action through running through in the space between the coal particles that passage enters Coal Yard on the ancient piece of jade, round, flat and with a hole in its centre of above-mentioned blowning installation, and under above-mentioned differential pressure action through the inside that passage flows to the exhaust apparatus be connected with air-introduced machine of running through on the ancient piece of jade, round, flat and with a hole in its centre of above-mentioned exhaust apparatus.
In this process, still bringing into play two effects during cooling flow of sweep gas, one is that the low temperature volatile matter gas purging that discharges while as purge gas, oxidizing gas, for example oxygen and coal being heated is in the exhaust apparatus inner space be connected with air-introduced machine, and outside being exhausted from system under the effect of air-introduced machine, another effect is that the temperature due to itself and coal particles differs tens degree and even goes up Baidu, the two will carry out the Rapid Thermal exchange, and coal particles will be cooled to rapidly can't be below the temperature of spontaneous combustion or even room temperature.Because spontaneous combustion is the oxidizing process of a similar burning, after most of oxidant, for example oxygen are eliminated, when temperature acutely drops to when following away from the self-ignition point temperature, will effectively prevent spontaneous combustionof coal or spontaneous combustionof coal is extinguished.In this process, the flow direction of various gases still as shown in Figure 5.
It should be noted that: the second technical scheme of the present invention can substitute the first technical scheme, and it equally also is applicable to the larger situation of granularity of the coal particles of Coal Yard.
In above-mentioned the first and the second technical scheme, the system normal operation that makes the present invention prevent spontaneous combustionof coal or spontaneous combustionof coal is extinguished and the key factor of efficient its function of performance are that assurance " running through passage on an ancient piece of jade, round, flat and with a hole in its centre " is not stopped up by coal particles and/or fine powder, for example, thereby affect sub-cooled purge gas, oxidizing gas (oxygen), a small amount of low temperature volatile matter gas and sub-cooled purge gas tail gas, by predetermined direction and mode, inject, flow and discharge.If the injection of above-mentioned various gases, mobile reaching are discharged and can't be realized or be obstructed, the Rapid Thermal exchange between the coal particles in cooling purge gas and Coal Yard just can't realize.If coal particles can't be cooling fast, for example, and oxidizing gas (oxygen), a small amount of low temperature volatile matter gas can't be discharged from or overflow in the coal particles space from Coal Yard in time, just can't effectively prevent spontaneous combustionof coal, maybe can't make spontaneous combustionof coal extinguish.
Although in the first of the present invention and the second technical scheme, the size that " runs through passage on an ancient piece of jade, round, flat and with a hole in its centre " by the granularity adjustment according to coal particles prevents that with modes such as striker plate are set " passage " stops up, but in the situation that some are extreme, " passage " stops up may be unavoidable, will affect enforcement of the present invention like this.
For this reason, can exchange and thoroughly address this problem by blowning installation and exhaust apparatus or gas blow pipe and blast pipe operation, as shown in Figure 7, by valve and pipeline, blowning installation and exhaust apparatus or gas blow pipe and blast pipe are communicated with, blowning installation and exhaust apparatus or gas blow pipe and blast pipe are regularly exchanged, blow out outside " passage " with the cooling purge gas of high pressure thereby will be deposited on the coal particles and/or the fine powder that stop up " passage " in " passage ".As shown in Figure 7, blowning installation in condition 1 or gas blow pipe by pipeline on the closure of valve can become exhaust apparatus or the blast pipe in condition 2, equally, the exhaust apparatus in condition 1 or blast pipe by pipeline on the closure of valve can become blowning installation or the gas blow pipe in condition 2.
It should be noted that: in the highest temperature region or spontaneous combustion zone of Coal Yard, the quantity of above-mentioned blowning installation and exhaust apparatus or gas blow pipe and blast pipe is single, also a plurality of, and is a plurality of in more situation, for example, and as shown in Figure 6.The distance of adjacent exhaust apparatus or blast pipe or adjacent blowning installation or gas blow pipe can be 2～10 meters, for example 2-8 rice, is preferably 4-6 rice.Especially, for example, for guaranteeing oxidizing gas (oxygen), a small amount of low temperature volatile matter gas, by rapid, unobstructed, discharged, gas blow pipe (blowning installation) and blast pipe (exhaust apparatus) should rationally be arranged symmetrically, so that send into the gas blow pipe (blowning installation) of cooling purge gas and for example, for 1～5 meter, blast pipe (exhaust apparatus) interval of discharging rapidly oxidizing gas (oxygen), a small amount of low temperature volatile matter gas and cooling purge gas tail gas, preferably 2-3 rice.As can be seen here, the quantity of gas blow pipe (blowning installation) and blast pipe (exhaust apparatus) depends on the highest temperature region of Coal Yard or the size in spontaneous combustion zone, take the zone of 100 square metres is example, implantable or 9～16 gas blow pipes (blowning installation) and 9～16 blast pipes (exhaust apparatus) are installed.Obviously, above-mentioned gas blow pipe (blowning installation) and blast pipe (exhaust apparatus) nonessential paired setting or staggered, the quantity of gas blow pipe (blowning installation) also can be less than or more than the quantity of blast pipe (exhaust apparatus), as long as guarantee that oxidizing gas and a small amount of low temperature volatile matter gas and cooling purge gas tail gas can be excluded or overflow rapid and unobstructedly.
Above-mentioned gas blow pipe (blowning installation) and/or blast pipe (exhaust apparatus) can be independent joints, it can be also more piece, in the situation that more piece, can they be together in series by fixed mechanisms such as screw thread, spiral shell button, pin, cards, the benefit of doing like this is that its height is adjustable, and during its zone of spontaneous combustion at the Coal Yard of processing differing heights or differing heights, using can be more flexible and convenient.
In the above-mentioned system that prevents spontaneous combustionof coal or spontaneous combustionof coal is extinguished; the cooling purge gas used also can contain the water of certain proportion water, for example 1-30 % by weight; described water is after conventional atomising device, the atomization of for example venturi scrubber; form solution-air two-phase mixture together with cooling purge gas; be injected into the highest temperature region of dump or in the spontaneous combustion zone through above-mentioned gas blow pipe or blowning installation; like this; in the situation that the dual heat transfer of solution-air, high temperature coal particles or spontaneous combustion coal particles can more promptly be lowered the temperature.
Certainly, when the above-mentioned system that prevents spontaneous combustionof coal or spontaneous combustionof coal is extinguished is used, above-mentioned cooling purge gas and water also alternately are injected into the highest temperature region of dump or in the spontaneous combustion zone, like this, water is not to infiltrate from dump surface, but directly arrives at the highest temperature region of dump or spontaneous combustion zone.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment selects brown coal that the drying treatment temperature is 55 ℃ as the dump raw material, and average grain diameter is in the 35mm left and right, and its Industrial Analysis is in Table 1.
Table 1
| Fixed carbon | Ash content | Volatile matter | Water content |
| 42.3% | 12.7% | 36% | 9% |
150 tons, above-mentioned brown coal are made to a taper dump, and dump and ground separate with dividing plate.
With the internal temperature of 30 thermocouple measurement stockpiles, after stacking 11 days, it is 85 ℃ that coal charge is piled inner maximum temperature.This illustrates that spontaneous combustion will very likely occur above-mentioned dump afterwards.
Above-mentioned dump started to smoulder after the 16th day (spontaneous combustion).The sign of (spontaneous combustion) of smouldering is that the dump surface has water vapour and cigarette.
Implant the blast pipe shown in the gas blow pipe shown in 24 chromosomes 1 and 26 chromosomes 1 in dump with crane.The internal diameter of gas blow pipe and blast pipe is 0.2 meter, the spacing of gas blow pipe and blast pipe is 2 meters, and arranged crosswise, the circle that on the ancient piece of jade, round, flat and with a hole in its centre surface of gas blow pipe and blast pipe, average every 5 square centimeters of diameters that distribute are 15 millimeters runs through gas via-hole, and the bottom of above-mentioned gas blow pipe and blast pipe all is inserted into the position that approaches 20-30 centimetre of dump bottom.
Pass into the purge gas (air) through water quench by compressor in above-mentioned gas blow pipe, make blast pipe be connected with air-introduced machine simultaneously, by pressure and the flow of adjusting cooling purge gas, form about 2.0-2.5 atmospheric pressure reduction between gas blow pipe and blast pipe inside.
Injecting the sub-cooled purge gas after 15 minutes, observing the cigarette that spontaneous combustionof coal causes obviously diminishes, after 40 minutes, cigarette disappears substantially, this explanation spontaneous combustionof coal is extinguished, stop cooling purge gas and inject, after 3 hours, reactivate the internal temperature of thermocouple measurement dump, find that its maximum temperature is reduced to 43 ℃, far below the temperature of 60 ℃ that may cause spontaneous combustion.
This explanation is used the system and method that prevents spontaneous combustionof coal or spontaneous combustionof coal is extinguished shown in Fig. 1 of the present invention effectively to make spontaneous combustionof coal extinguish.
Embodiment 2
Use the brown coal of the drying processing identical with embodiment 1 as the dump raw material, difference is that its particle diameter is 15 millimeters.
By 150 tons, above-mentioned brown coal make one with embodiment 1 in identical taper dump, dump and ground separate with dividing plate, and adjacent with the dump in embodiment 1, are beneficial to comparison and observation.
With the internal temperature of 30 thermocouple measurement dumps, after stacking 9 days, the inner maximum temperature of dump is 87 ℃.This illustrates that spontaneous combustion will also very likely occur above-mentioned dump afterwards.
Above-mentioned dump started to smoulder after the 13rd day (spontaneous combustion).The sign of (spontaneous combustion) of smouldering is that the dump surface has water vapour and cigarette.
Implant the exhaust apparatus shown in the blowning installation shown in 26 chromosomes 4 and 28 chromosomes 4 in dump with crane.Wherein the internal diameter of blowning installation and exhaust apparatus is 0.2 meter, the spacing of blowning installation and exhaust apparatus is 2 meters, and arranged crosswise, the circle that on the ancient piece of jade, round, flat and with a hole in its centre surface of gas blow pipe and blast pipe, average every 5 square centimeters of diameters that distribute are 10 millimeters runs through gas via-hole, the knuckle that runs through the striker plate of gas via-hole top is 135 degree, and the bottom of above-mentioned air blowing and exhaust apparatus all is inserted into the position that approaches 20-30 centimetre of dump bottom.After in blowning installation and exhaust apparatus are inserted into to dump, remove being fixedly connected with of the hollow screw drilling rod protection overcoat shown in Fig. 2 and the blowning installation shown in Fig. 4 and exhaust apparatus, protect overcoat to take out from dump on the hollow screw drilling rod shown in Fig. 2.
Pass into cooling purge gas by compressor in above-mentioned blowning installation, the air that purge gas is normal temperature, make exhaust apparatus be connected with air-introduced machine simultaneously, by pressure and the flow of adjusting cooling purge gas, form about 2.5-3 atmospheric pressure reduction between blowning installation and exhaust apparatus inside.
Injecting cooling purge gas after 20 minutes, observing the cigarette that spontaneous combustion causes obviously diminishes, after 1 hour, cigarette disappears substantially, this explanation spontaneous combustion is extinguished, stop the sub-cooled purge gas and inject, after 3 hours, reactivate the internal temperature of thermocouple measurement dump, find that its maximum temperature is reduced to 47 ℃, far below the temperature of 60 ℃ that may cause spontaneous combustion.
This explanation is used the system and method that prevents spontaneous combustionof coal or spontaneous combustionof coal is extinguished shown in Fig. 4 of the present invention effectively to make spontaneous combustionof coal extinguish.
It should be noted that: system and method for the present invention not only can be effectively and is made easily spontaneous combustionof coal extinguish; can also prevent or prevent spontaneous combustionof coal; learn that by temperature measuring equipment, for example thermocouple the dump local temperature is abnormal or too high; when likely causing spontaneous combustion; use in time system and method for the present invention can make the temperature fast reducing of dump highest temperature region; thereby stop to cause the source of spontaneous combustion, and then prevent or prevent spontaneous combustionof coal.
System and method of the present invention has reached the coal stockpile is turned over, dries in the air and shines the same effect.
The term that this specification is used and form of presentation only are used as descriptive and nonrestrictive term and form of presentation, the feature that when using these terms and form of presentation, will mean and describe unintentionally or any equivalent exclusion of its part.
Although meaned and described several embodiment of the present invention, the present invention is not restricted to described embodiment.On the contrary, those of ordinary skills should recognize can carry out any accommodation and improvement to these embodiments in the situation that do not break away from principle of the present invention and essence, and protection domain of the present invention is determined by appended claim and equivalent thereof.
Claims (22)
1. a system that prevents spontaneous combustionof coal or spontaneous combustionof coal is extinguished comprises:
At least one gas blow pipe, for make cooling purge gas enter the dump highest temperature region or the spontaneous combustion zone to carry out cooling to coal wherein; With
At least one blast pipe, for from the dump highest temperature region or the spontaneous combustion zone force to discharge oxidizing gas, low temperature volatile matter gas and/or cooling purge gas tail gas,
Wherein, described gas blow pipe and blast pipe are the auger stems of inner hollow, on the ancient piece of jade, round, flat and with a hole in its centre of the auger stem of described inner hollow and/or a plurality of passages that run through that distributing equably or unevenly on blade.
2. a system that prevents spontaneous combustionof coal or spontaneous combustionof coal is extinguished comprises:
At least one blowning installation, for make cooling purge gas enter the dump highest temperature region or the spontaneous combustion zone to carry out cooling to coal wherein;
At least one exhaust apparatus, for from the dump highest temperature region or the spontaneous combustion zone force to discharge oxidizing gas, low temperature volatile matter gas and/or cooling purge gas tail gas; With
The hollow screw drilling rod corresponding with described blowning installation and exhaust apparatus protection overcoat, implanting the dump highest temperature region or be not damaged during the spontaneous combustion zone for making described blowning installation and exhaust apparatus,
Wherein, described blowning installation and/or exhaust apparatus comprise:
The bucket of bottom end seal;
At least one is positioned at the penetrating via on the wall of described bucket, for making cooling purge gas, oxidizing gas and/or low temperature volatile matter gas, through described passage, by described bucket is inner, enters the outside of bucket or by the outside inside that enters bucket of described bucket;
At least one is positioned at described penetrating via top and is installed in the striker plate on the wall outer surface of described bucket, for stoping coal particles, enters the inside of said bucket, and the vertical plane of wherein said striker plate covers above-mentioned penetrating via;
Be positioned at the cooling purge gas entrance at barrel wall top or top.
3. system according to claim 2, wherein, the bottom of described bucket wall is taper, so that make described blowning installation and/or exhaust apparatus implant fast the dump highest temperature region or in the spontaneous combustion zone.
4. system according to claim 2, wherein, the angle that the perpendicular cross-sectional shape of described striker plate intersects to form for the end points by two straight lines, wherein straight line is vertical line.
5. according to one of any described system of claim 1-4, wherein, described cooling purge gas is air, CO
2, N
2and/or inert gas.
6. system according to claim 5, wherein, the water that described cooling purge gas contains the 1-30 % by weight.
7. according to one of any described system of claim 1-4, wherein, described cooling purge gas is regularly replaced by water discontinuously.
8. according to one of any described system of claim 1-4, wherein, described gas blow pipe or blowning installation are greater than 1 atmospheric compressor with pressure and are connected.
9. according to one of any described system of claim 1-4, wherein, described blast pipe or exhaust apparatus are less than 1 atmospheric air-introduced machine with pressure and are connected.
10. according to one of any described system of claim 1-4, wherein, form 1-5 atmospheric pressure reduction between described gas blow pipe and blast pipe inside or between blowning installation and exhaust apparatus inside.
11. system according to claim 10, wherein, further form 2-3 atmospheric pressure reduction between described gas blow pipe and blast pipe inside or between blowning installation and exhaust apparatus inside.
12. according to one of any described system of claim 2-4; wherein, the protection of described hollow screw drilling rod outer be enclosed within that described blowning installation and exhaust apparatus are implanted described dump highest temperature region or in the spontaneous combustion zone after from described dump highest temperature region or taken out the spontaneous combustion zone.
13. according to one of any described system of claim 2-4, wherein, described hollow screw drilling rod protection overcoat and described blowning installation and exhaust apparatus by screw thread, spiral shell buckle, the mechanisms such as pin, card fix.
14. according to one of any described system of claim 1-4, wherein, adjacent described gas blow pipe and blast pipe or blowning installation and exhaust apparatus interval 1-5 rice.
15., according to one of any described system of claim 1-4, wherein, described gas blow pipe and blast pipe or blowning installation and exhaust apparatus regularly operate exchange.
16., according to one of any described system of claim 1-4, wherein, the quantity of described gas blow pipe or blowning installation is less than or more than the quantity of described blast pipe or exhaust apparatus.
17., according to one of any described system of claim 1-4, wherein, described gas blow pipe and blast pipe or blowning installation and exhaust apparatus are a joint or more piece.
18. system according to claim 17, wherein, described more piece gas blow pipe and blast pipe or more piece blowning installation and exhaust apparatus are series connected by fixed mechanisms such as screw thread, spiral shell button, pin, cards.
19., according to claim 1-4,6,11,18 one of any described systems, wherein said system also comprises automatic TME, so that described dump highest temperature region is positioned.
20. a method that prevents spontaneous combustionof coal or spontaneous combustionof coal is extinguished by one of any described system of aforementioned claim 1-19, it comprises the following steps successively:
(1) determine coal highest temperature region or spontaneous combustion zone;
(2) one of any described system of aforementioned claim 1-19 is implanted to described coal highest temperature region or in the spontaneous combustion zone, subsequently by described hollow screw drilling rod protection overcoat from described coal highest temperature region or taken out the spontaneous combustion zone;
(3) inject described cooling purge gas to powerful in described gas blow pipe or blowning installation, so that described purge gas by least a portion oxidizing gas in the coal particles space and low temperature volatile matter gas purging to described blast pipe or blowning installation inner space and be excluded outside system, cooling purge gas cooling above-mentioned coal highest temperature region or the coal particles in the spontaneous combustion zone fast simultaneously;
(4) make above-mentioned coal highest temperature region or the coal temperature in the spontaneous combustion zone be reduced to the temperature that causes spontaneous combustion or below autoignition temperature.
21. method according to claim 20, wherein, the water that described cooling purge gas contains the 1-30 % by weight.
22. method according to claim 20, wherein, also comprise in described gas blow pipe or blowning installation and alternately inject described cooling purge gas and water.
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Address after: 100011 Beijing Dongcheng District, West Binhe Road, No. 22 Patentee after: CHINA ENERGY INVESTMENT Corp.,Ltd. Patentee after: Beijing low carbon clean energy research institute Address before: 100011 Beijing Dongcheng District, West Binhe Road, No. 22 Patentee before: CHINA ENERGY INVESTMENT Corp.,Ltd. Patentee before: Beijing low carbon clean energy research institute |