CN103109752A - Experimental device of minitype creature regenerative type life support system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a small-scale biological regeneration type life support system experimental device with microalgae as the core, which includes a growth chamber and an activity chamber. The growth chamber is equipped with a light-algae reactor, and the gas produced by the light-algae reactor passes through a heat exchanger, a water-gas separator and an oxygen filter to obtain the only oxygen, and then discharges it into the activity cabin; the activity cabin is used to place small organisms, The gas produced by the respiration and metabolism of small organisms enters the growth chamber through the compressor, separates CO ₂ and H ₂ S through the polypropylene hollow fiber membrane contactor, and discharges it into the photoalgae reactor. The experimental device of the present invention is also designed with a food delivery compartment and a food delivery channel for feeding small organisms in the movable cabin, and an excrement cleaning compartment for recycling small organism excrement. The advantages of the present invention are: the design and operation of the photoalgae reactor adopted are relatively mature, have strong technical controllability and chemostat culture, and can realize _CO2 and _O2 circulation in the bio-regenerative life support system regeneration.

Description

A small biological regenerative life support system experimental device

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of space life support, and specifically relates to an experimental device for a small-scale biological regeneration life support system that couples microalgae photosynthesis and small-scale biological respiration to realize air circulation. The device solves the problem of small-scale biological regeneration Air circulation regeneration in life support systems. the

Background technique

The development direction of the space industry in the future must be long-term, long-distance, multi-crew manned space flight, deep space exploration and planetary settlement. The life support system is an essential system for any manned spacecraft, and it is one of the key technologies that must first be broken through in the development of aerospace technology from unmanned spaceflight to manned spaceflight. Among them, the Bioregenerative Life Support System (BLSS for short), also known as the Controlled Ecological Life Support System (CELSS), is a miniature and simplified artificial ecosystem that simulates the earth. It is based on biological components such as higher plants such as food and vegetables, microalgae and microorganisms, and in accordance with the operating principles of natural ecosystems, to regenerate food, oxygen and water in the system, so as to provide future long-term space flight and deep space exploration. Astronauts provide all the most basic life protection materials. Moreover, the controlled ecological life support system can greatly reduce logistic support costs and technical difficulties, and can significantly improve flight safety, reliability and comfort. the

In the early 1960s, when manned spaceflight just started, life support technical experts and biologists in the United States and the former Soviet Union began to explore the biological regeneration life support system. BLSS is currently the most advanced closed-loop life support technology in the world. In this system, organisms and non-organisms exchange matter and energy in a closed-circuit form, and continuously provide oxygen, water, and food for the occupants. Except for sunlight, there is basically no need for supplements outside the system to maintain the survival of humans and animals. A stable and dynamically balanced ecological environment. This is the most complex third-generation environmental control and life support system, suitable for long-term manned space flight. BLSS is mainly composed of two parts in structure: one part is an autotrophic unit represented by higher plants and microalgae; the other part is a heterotrophic unit composed of humans, animals, microorganisms and physical and chemical equipment. The former Soviet Union's early research on BLSS mainly focused on the use of algae for air regeneration and wastewater purification. The BIOS-1 "human-algae" system experiment proved that the air needed for human breathing can be reacted by continuous light algae and the CO ₂ and O ₂ in the atmosphere can be stabilized; humans and microalgae have biocompatibility in gas exchange, and the gases released from each other can be used for each other; the difference between the assimilative entropy of microalgae and the respiratory entropy of humans can be determined by Correct diet and remove. For a long time since NASA was first established, the main energy of BLSS research has been on microalgae, using microalgae to purify the air. The MELiSSA system built by the European Space Agency studied the effect of microgravity on its growth by comparing the _O2 production rate of Spirulina under ground microgravity under unrestricted conditions such as nutrients, pH, and temperature. At the same time, the BIORAT experiment studied the CO ₂ /O ₂ gas exchange between the spirulina reactor and mice under microgravity conditions, and established a set of algae-rat joint experiments suitable for space microgravity conditions. Seal the experimental device. The research shows that it is completely feasible to carry out the cycle of CO ₂ /O ₂ in the ground prototype of the airtight experimental device of the algae-rat joint experiment.

In order to carry out the verification test and research on the space carrying of the controlled ecological life support system in China, the China Astronaut Research and Training Center has successively developed a number of ground test prototypes such as a space plant cultivation device, a space microbial waste treatment device, and a space microalgae photobioreactor. A long-term and effective ground verification test assessment has been carried out. the

Contents of the invention

The present invention proposes an experimental device for a small-scale biological regeneration life support system that utilizes the coupling of microalgae photosynthesis and small-scale biological respiration to realize air circulation, including a growth chamber and an activity cabin;

The growth chamber is airtight, and a photoalgae reactor, a heat exchanger, a water-gas separator, an oxygen filter, and a polypropylene hollow fiber membrane contactor are arranged inside; wherein, the heat exchanger communicates with the interior of the photoalgae reactor through a pipeline , and connect the water-gas separator and the oxygen filter in turn through the pipeline; the oxygen filter is connected with the movable cabin through the pipeline; the water-gas separator is connected with the water collection tank through the pipeline; the polypropylene hollow fiber membrane contactor is separated through the pipeline Connected with photoalgae reactor and activity cabin;

The movable cabin is airtight, and the interior is provided with a cage for small organisms, a light source for the movable cabin, a food delivery compartment, soft rubber gloves, a food channel, an excrement cleaning compartment, a compression pump and an air suction pump; wherein, the bottom surface of the cage for small organisms It is separated from the bottom surface of the movable cabin by a partition A to form a closed excrement cleaning compartment; the bottom surface of the excrement cleaning compartment is an openable structure, and the top surface and the side of the compartment are connected by sliding, and a line in the sliding direction The side is connected to the outside of the movable cabin and connected to the handle A. By pulling the handle A, the top surface of the excrement cleaning compartment can be slid out; the upper part of the movable cabin is separated from the inner top surface by a partition B to form an airtight food delivery Compartment; the top surface of the food delivery compartment is an openable structure; one side of the activity cabin is separated from the inner wall of the activity cabin by a partition C to form a food passage; the food passage is respectively connected with the food delivery compartment and small biological activities The cage is connected, and the connection between the food channel and the food delivery compartment is sealed by a sealing plate; the sealing plate is a drawable structure, and one side is connected to the outside of the activity cabin and then connected to the handle B; there are two openings on the bottom surface of the food delivery compartment. Glove installation openings, each glove installation opening is sealed by connecting a soft rubber glove. the

The compression pump is installed on the inner wall of the movable cabin, and is connected with the polypropylene hollow fiber membrane contactor and the communicating pipeline of the movable cabin; Layers are interconnected. the

The advantages of the present invention are:

1. The experimental device of the small-scale biological regeneration life support system of the present invention is a relatively independent, complete and simple bio-renewable artificial ecosystem with microalgae as the core, which can realize the cycle regeneration of _CO2 and _O2 in the air of a confined space ;

2. The experimental device of the small-scale biological regeneration life support system of the present invention adopts a photoalgae reactor that is relatively mature in design and operation, and has strong technical controllability and chemostat cultivability;

3. The experimental device of the small-scale biological regeneration life support system of the present invention adopts microalgae that are autotrophs, have the characteristics of high photosynthetic efficiency, fast growth and reproduction, etc., and can synthesize organic compounds only by using H ₂ O, CO ₂ and inorganic salts And quickly release O ₂ , no need to add other organic nutrients.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the experimental device of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the operation mode when the experimental device of the present invention is used for feeding food. the

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the mode of operation when using the experimental device of the present invention to clean up excrement;

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the operation mode when excrement is discharged after being cleaned by using the experimental device of the present invention. the

In the picture:

1-Growth chamber 2-Activity cabin 101-Photoalgae reactor 102-Heat exchanger

103-Moisture Separator 104-Oxygen Filter 105-Polypropylene Hollow Fiber Contactor

1011-Reaction chamber                                                                                                                                                                      

1015-Light source 1016-Light source protection cover 1021-Small creature storage cage

1022-Activity cabin light source 1023-Food delivery compartment 1024-Rubber soft gloves 1025-Food aisle

1026-Excrement cleaning compartment 1027-Cleaning tool 1028-Compressor pump 1029-Air pump

1030-Fixed handle A 1031-Fixed handle B 1032-Sealing plate A 1033-Sealing plate B

1034-pull rope 1035-baffle

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. the

The experimental device of the small biological regeneration type life support system of the present invention comprises a growth chamber 1 for algae growth and an activity cabin 2 for small-scale biological activities. m×0.5m×0.8m. the

The growth chamber 1 is airtight, and a photoalgae reactor 101, a heat exchanger 102, a water-gas separator 103, an oxygen filter 104, and a polypropylene hollow fiber membrane contactor 105 are arranged inside;

Wherein, the photoalgae reactor 101 is a chemostat culture reactor, which is used as a place for microalgae growth and photosynthesis, and consists of a reaction chamber 1011 , a reflector 1012 , a temperature controller 1013 , an aeration plate 1014 and a light source 1015 . The interior of the reaction chamber 1011 is provided with a light source 1015, which is used to provide the illumination required for the growth of microalgae; in the present invention, the light source 1015 adopts a fluorescent tube, emits white light, and the light intensity is 3500 lux, and is vertically arranged in the center of the main reactor; the light source 1015 The light source 1015 protective cover wrapped with glass material is fixedly connected to the reaction chamber 1011 through the light source protective cover 1016, so as to realize the positioning between the light source 1015 and the reaction chamber 1011, and protect the light source 1015 at the same time to prevent the light source 1015 from being caught by the reaction chamber 1011. Liquid (algae and nutrient) erosion. The interior of the reaction chamber 1011 is also provided with an aeration plate 1014 and a temperature controller; the aeration plate 1014 is a microporous aeration plate, made of ceramic material, with an air flow rate of 0.6 L/min, fixedly laid and covered with the inner bottom surface of the reaction chamber 1011, through The aeration plate 1014 feeds the _CO gas required by the microalgae into the reaction chamber 1011; the temperature controller 1013 is a heating rod, which is vertically arranged on the aeration plate 1014, and the temperature controller 1013 ensures the algae liquid in the reaction chamber 1011. The temperature is within the optimum temperature range for the growth of microalgae; a reflector is installed on the external side wall of the reaction chamber 1011, and the reaction chamber 1011 is wrapped by the reflector 1012 so that the light emitted by the light source 1015 is gathered in the main reactor. Improve the utilization rate of the light source 1015.

The photo-algae reactor 2 with the above structure is made of plexiglass and is in the shape of a cylinder; the volume of the cylinder is determined by the assimilation entropy of microalgae photosynthesis and the respiratory quotient of rabbits. According to the lung volume of rabbits and humans, it is estimated that the carbon dioxide exhaled by rabbits every day is one-twentieth of that of humans, that is, 0.05kg of carbon dioxide (50g/d) is exhaled by rabbits a day. Studies have shown that under suitable experimental conditions: a cylindrical light algae with a gas flow rate of 0.6L/min, a temperature of 25-30°C, a light intensity of 3500lux, a pH of 8.5-9.5, a radius of the bottom surface of 0.1m, and a height of 0.6m In the reactor, when the dry weight of the algae is 45.2g, the removal capacity of microalgae to CO ₂ is 53.4g/d. From this the volume of the photo-algae reactor 2 is determined.

The reaction chamber 1011 and the outside of the growth chamber 1 are respectively communicated with the algae liquid discharge channel through the nutrient solution addition pipeline, and the connection is sealed by a sealing ring; wherein the nutrient solution addition channel is used to supply the nutrient solution to the microalgae in the reaction chamber 1011, To cultivate the microalgae in the reaction chamber 1011, the two ends are respectively connected with the top surface of the reaction chamber 1011 and the top surface of the growth chamber 1, and connected with the nutrient solution supply tank outside the growth chamber 1, thereby ensuring the continuous addition of the nutrient solution; After the nutrient solution, the growth chamber 1 can be sealed by closing the inlet of the nutrient solution adding pipeline. The algal body discharge channel is used for the discharge of excess algae liquid, and the two ends are respectively connected with the bottom surface of the reaction chamber 1011 and the bottom surface of the growth chamber 1, which can ensure the continuous discharge of the algae body; thus, by controlling the supply rate of the nutrient solution and the discharge of the algae liquid The rate makes the photoalgae reactor reach the state of chemostat culture. The on-off of the addition of the nutrient solution and the on-off of the cell discharge are respectively controlled by control valves installed on the nutrient solution addition pipeline and the cell discharge channel. the

The heat exchanger 102, the water-gas separator 103, the oxygen filter 104 and the polypropylene hollow fiber membrane contactor 105 are all located outside the light algae reactor 101; The water vapor in the gas discharged from the light algae reactor 101 is used to turn the water vapor into condensed water; the heat exchanger 102 is also connected to the water-gas separator 103 and the oxygen filter 104 in sequence through the pipeline; the oxygen filter 104 is passed through the pipe The water-gas separator 103 is used to separate the condensed water from the gas, and the separated condensed water can be collected through the sump connected to the water-gas separator; the separated gas enters the oxygen filter 104 , the impurities in the gas are filtered through the oxygen filter 104, and finally the only remaining oxygen enters the movable cabin 2; an oxygen control valve is installed on the pipeline connecting the oxygen filter 104 and the movable cabin 2, and the oxygen is controlled by the oxygen control valve. On and off of supply. the

The polypropylene hollow fiber membrane contactor 105 communicates with the bottom surface of the reaction chamber 1011 and the activity cabin 2 respectively through pipelines, and the average pore diameter of the membrane is 0.02×0.2 μm, so that the gas in the activity cabin 2 is introduced into the polypropylene hollow fiber membrane to contact The pipeline of device 105 separates CO ₂ and H ₂ S in the gas through polypropylene hollow fiber membrane contactor 105, and finally enters the photoalgal reactor 101; the above-mentioned polypropylene hollow fiber membrane contactor 105 and reaction chamber 1011 A gas control valve is installed on the connecting pipeline to control the on-off of CO ₂ and H ₂ S entering the photoalgae reactor 101 .

The movable cabin 2 is airtight, and the inside is provided with a small-sized biological placement cage 1021, a movable cabin light source 1022, a food delivery compartment 1023, rubber soft gloves 1024, a food passage 1025, excrement cleaning compartment 1026, cleaning tools 1027, and a compression pump 1028 with aspirator 1029. the

Wherein, the small-sized creature placement cage 1021 is a cage with an open top, which is used to place small-sized creatures and limit the range of activities of small-sized creatures to protect the normal operation of other instruments; the small-sized creature placement cage 1021 is fixedly arranged on the bottom surface of the movable cabin 2; The bottom surface of the cage is separated from the bottom surface of the movable cabin by a partition A to form an airtight excrement cleaning compartment 1026 for storing excrement produced by small organisms; the bottom surface of the excrement cleaning compartment 1026 is an openable structure, One side of the top surface is slidingly connected with the side wall of the movable cabin 2, and has a fixing hole A, which can slide vertically on the side wall of the movable cabin 2. The top surface of the excrement cleaning compartment 1026 is also provided with an excrement cleaning inlet. A sealing plate A1032 is arranged above the excrement cleaning compartment 1026, and the sealing plate A1032 is fixedly connected with the side wall of the movable cabin 2, and when the top surface of the excrement cleaning compartment 1026 slides to the top of the excrement cleaning compartment 1026, it is connected with the sealing plate A1032. Fit, and seal the excrement cleaning inlet on the excrement cleaning compartment 1026 through the sealing plate A1032, thereby realizing the sealing of the excrement cleaning compartment 1026. When the excrement cleaning compartment 1026 is attached to the sealing plate A1032, pass the fixed handle A1030 through the movable compartment 2 and screw the fixing hole A on the excrement cleaning compartment 1026 to connect the excrement cleaning compartment 1026 to the sealing plate A1032 In order to ensure the airtightness of the movable cabin 2, the fixed handle A1030 and the movable cabin 2 are also threaded and sealed by a sealing ring. Similarly, pushing the push-pull handle 1033 can push the top surface of the excrement cleaning compartment 1026 in, so that the excrement cleaning compartment 1026 is airtight. The upper part of the movable cabin is separated from the inner top surface by a partition B to form an airtight food delivery compartment 1023. The top surface of the food delivery compartment 1023 is an openable structure, and one end of the bottom surface is inclined downward; Also separated by partition C between the side and the movable cabin 2 inner sidewalls, form food channel 1025; Described food channel 1025 is communicated with small-sized biological activity cage 1021 and food throwing interlayer 1023 bottom surface inclined ends respectively, and food channel 1025 is connected with food. The communication part of the delivery compartment 1023 is sealed by the sealing plate B1033, and one end of the sealing plate B1033 is connected to the side wall of the movable cabin 2 by sliding, which can move up and down through the air pressure difference in the movable cabin; The baffle plate 1035; the connecting end of the sealing plate B1033 and the side wall of the movable cabin 2 is provided with a fixed hole B, and the fixed handle B1031 outside the movable cabin 2 passes through the outer wall of the movable cabin 2 and is threadedly connected with the fixed hole B, thereby realizing through the fixed handle B1031 The vertical direction of the sealing plate B1033 is positioned so that the sealing plate B1033 seals the connection between the food channel 1025 and the food delivery compartment 1023; also in order to ensure the airtightness of the movable cabin 2, the fixed handle A1030 and the movable cabin 2 are also threaded. , and sealed by the sealing ring. There are two glove installation openings on the bottom surface of the above-mentioned food delivery compartment 1023, and each glove installation opening is sealed by connecting a soft rubber glove 1024. the

The compression pump 1028 is installed on the inner wall of the activity chamber 2, and is connected with the communication pipeline between the polypropylene hollow fiber membrane contactor 105 and the activity chamber 2, and the CO ₂ is introduced into the growth chamber 1 through the compression pump 1028. The air suction pump 1029 is installed on the bottom surface of the movable cabin 2, and the air suction end communicates with the excrement cleaning interlayer 1026 and the food delivery interlayer 1023 through pipelines, and the connection is sealed by a sealing ring; The road communicates with the outside of the activity cabin 2 and the inside of the activity cabin 2, and the connection is sealed by a sealing ring, and the exhaust is controlled by the control valve respectively; thus, the food can be put into the compartment 1023 and the excrement cleaning compartment 1026 through the air pump 1029 The external air of the movable cabin 2 in the interior is extracted, and discharged to the outside of the movable cabin 2, preventing external air from entering the movable cabin 2. At the same time, after the food is put in and the excrement is cleaned up, the air inside the movable cabin 2 in the food throwing compartment 1023 and the excrement cleaning compartment 1026 can be extracted and discharged into the movable compartment 2, thereby effectively preventing the activity of the movable compartment. 2 Gas exchange between inside and outside air. The activity cabin light source 1022 is located at the top of the activity cabin 2 and provides illumination for small organisms.

Through the above structure, when putting food in, as shown in Figure 2, by opening the top surface of the food putting compartment 1023 and putting the food into the food putting compartment 1023, the food will pass through the baffle plate 1035 on the sealing plate B1033 to prevent the food from slipping to the top surface of the sealing plate B1033; after opening the top surface of the food interlayer 1023, the external air of the movable cabin 2 enters the food interlayer 1023, so the air suction pump 1029 is opened to extract the air in the food interlayer 1023, and discharge to the outside of the movable cabin 2; then turn the fixed handle 1033 to make the fixed handle 1033 break away from the fixing hole on the sealing plate B1033, but not break away from the movable cabin 2, so that the sealing plate B1033 is put into the interlayer 1023 due to the movable cabin 2 and the food. The air pressure difference makes the sealing plate B1033 move upwards along the slideway, and finally the food naturally rolls down into the food passage 1025, and falls into the small-sized creature placement cage 1021 along the food passage 1025, and is located on the excrement cleaning interlayer 1026 upper surface. This food delivery method can ensure the airtightness inside the movable cabin 2 when food is delivered. After the food is put in, due to the upward movement of the above-mentioned sealing plate B1033 along the slideway, the air inside the movable cabin 2 will enter the food delivery compartment, so the sealing plate B1033 will naturally slide down under the action of gravity and connect the food channel 1025 with the food. Put in interlayer 1023 communication and seal, seal plate B1033 is fixed by tightening fixed handle B1031; the

When excrement is cleaned, the air pump 1029 is turned on to extract the air in the excrement cleaning compartment 1026 and discharge it to the outside of the movable cabin 2 . Then turn the fixed handle A1030 to make the fixed handle A1030 break away from the fixed hole on the sealing plate A1032, but not break away from the movable cabin; thus, as shown in Figure 3, the excrement cleaning interlayer 1026 top surface can pass through the movable cabin 2 and the movable cabin. The air pressure difference in the excrement cleaning interlayer 1026 moves downward along the slideway; at this time, by opening the food interlayer 1023 top surface, both hands are stretched into two soft rubber gloves 1024, so that the food in the movable cabin 2 When the chamber is airtight, people's hands move inside the movable cabin 2; by picking up the cleaning tool 1027 placed on the upper surface of the excrement cleaning compartment 1026 inside the small creature placement cage 1021, the excrement of the small creature is excreted. The excrement cleaning inlet on the waste cleaning compartment 1026 is swept into the excrement cleaning compartment 1026 bottom surface. Then pull up the pull rope 1034 to pull up the top surface of the excrement cleaning interlayer 1026, so that the top surface of the excrement cleaning interlayer 1026 is attached to the sealing plate A1032. The top surface is fixed, and the movable cabin 2 is sealed. Thus, as shown in FIG. 4 , opening the bottom surface of the excrement cleaning compartment 1026 can discharge the excrement to the outside of the movable cabin 2 . Since the air inside the movable compartment 2 will enter the excrement cleaning compartment 1026 during the sliding process of the top surface of the excrement cleaning compartment 1026, before opening the bottom of the excrement cleaning compartment 1026, the excrement cleaning compartment will be cleaned by the air pump. The air inside the movable cabin 2 in the layer 1026 is drawn out, and discharged into the movable cabin 2 inside. the

Therefore, through the experimental device with the above structure, a relatively independent, complete and simple bio-renewable artificial ecosystem with microalgae as the core is formed, which can realize the cycle regeneration of CO ₂ and O ₂ in the air in a confined space, and can be used as a light The algae reactor 101 and the ground prototype of the airtight experimental device of the simulated crew-small biological joint experiment can provide a basic model for the bio-regenerative life support system, which is of great significance for solving the future long-term manned spaceflight life support technology.

Claims (10)

1. A small biological regenerative life support system experimental device, characterized in that it includes a growth chamber and an activity cabin; The growth chamber is airtight, and a photoalgae reactor, a heat exchanger, a water-gas separator, an oxygen filter, and a polypropylene hollow fiber membrane contactor are arranged inside; wherein, the heat exchanger communicates with the interior of the photoalgae reactor through a pipeline , and connect the water-gas separator and the oxygen filter in turn through the pipeline; the oxygen filter is connected with the movable cabin through the pipeline; the water-gas separator is connected with the water collection tank through the pipeline; the polypropylene hollow fiber membrane contactor is separated through the pipeline Connected with photoalgae reactor and activity cabin; The movable cabin is airtight, and the interior is provided with a cage for small organisms, a light source for the movable cabin, a food delivery compartment, soft rubber gloves, a food channel, an excrement cleaning compartment, a compression pump and an air suction pump; wherein, the bottom surface of the cage for small organisms It is separated from the bottom surface of the movable cabin by a partition A to form a closed excrement cleaning compartment; the bottom surface of the excrement cleaning compartment is an openable structure, and one side of the top surface is slidably connected with the side wall of the movable cabin in the vertical direction, and the opening There is a fixed hole A; an excrement cleaning inlet is opened on the top surface of the excrement cleaning compartment; a sealing plate A is arranged above the excrement cleaning compartment, and the sealing plate A is fixedly connected with the side wall of the movable cabin, and when the excrement is cleaned When the top surface of the compartment slides to the top of the excrement cleaning compartment, it fits with the sealing plate A; when the excrement cleaning compartment fits with the sealing plate A, it passes through the movable compartment and the excrement through the fixed handle A outside the movable compartment. The fixing hole A on the cleaning compartment positions the excrement cleaning compartment and the sealing plate A; The upper part of the activity cabin is separated from the inner top surface by a partition B to form an airtight food delivery compartment. The top surface of the food delivery compartment is an openable structure, and one end of the bottom surface is inclined downward; The inner side walls of the cabin are also separated by a partition C to form a food channel; the food channel is respectively connected with the small biological activity cage and the inclined end of the bottom surface of the food delivery compartment, and the connection between the food channel and the food delivery compartment passes through the sealing plate B Sealing, a sliding connection is adopted between one end of the sealing plate B and the side wall of the movable cabin; a baffle perpendicular to the sealing plate B is installed at the opposite end; a fixing hole is opened on the connecting end of the sealing plate and the side wall of the movable cabin, and the external part of the movable cabin The fixed handle B passes through the outer wall of the movable cabin and the fixing hole to position the sealing plate B in the vertical direction, so that the sealing plate B connects the food channel and the food delivery compartment tightly; there are two gloves installed on the bottom surface of the food delivery compartment Each glove installation port is sealed by connecting a pair of rubber soft gloves; The compression pump is connected with the communication pipeline of the polypropylene hollow fiber membrane contactor and the movable cabin; the suction end of the air suction pump is respectively connected with the excrement cleaning compartment and the food delivery compartment through the pipeline, and the exhaust end The pipes are respectively connected with the outside of the movable cabin and the inside of the movable cabin, and the exhaust is controlled through control valves respectively. 2. A small biological regenerative life support system experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the fixed handle A and the fixed handle B are both connected to the movable cabin by threads. 3 . The experimental device of a small biological regeneration life support system according to claim 1 , wherein cleaning tools are placed in the small biological storage cage. 4 . 4 . A small-scale bio-regenerative life support system experimental device as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the light algae reactor is a cylindrical reactor with a bottom radius of 0.1 m and a height of 0.6 m. 5. A kind of small-scale biological regeneration type life support system experimental device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the inner top surface of the photoalgae reactor communicates with the nutrient solution supply tank outside the growth chamber through the nutrient solution addition pipeline; The inner bottom of the algae reactor is also communicated with the outside of the growth chamber through the algae liquid discharge channel, and the light algae reactor can reach a chemostat culture state by controlling the supply rate of the nutrient solution and the discharge rate of the algae liquid. 6. A kind of small-scale bio-regenerative life support system experimental device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the photoalgae reactor comprises a reaction chamber, a reflector, a temperature controller, an aeration plate and a light source; inside the reaction chamber It is equipped with a light source, an aeration plate and a temperature control device. 7. A small-scale bio-regenerative life support system experimental device according to claim 6, characterized in that: the aeration plate is fixedly laid and covers the inner bottom surface of the reaction chamber. 8. A small-scale bio-regenerative life support system experimental device as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: the light source is arranged at the center of the main reactor, and is wrapped with a light source protective cover, and is connected to the reaction chamber through the light source protective cover. Fixed connection. 9. A small-scale bio-regenerative life support system experimental device as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: a reflective plate is installed on the external side wall of the reaction chamber, and the reaction chamber is wrapped by the reflective plate. 10. A small biological regenerative life support system experimental device as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: the aeration plate is a microporous aeration plate made of ceramic material, and the gas flow rate is 0.6L/min.

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