A kind of method of metal bonding of three-dimensional chip structure and bonding structure
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of semiconductor manufacture, be specifically related to a kind of method and bonding structure of metal bonding of three-dimensional chip structure.
Background technology
The integrated chip of difference in functionality a trend of integrated circuit development together.The large scale integrated circuit manufacturing process is a kind of plane manufacture craft, and it forms a large amount of various types of semiconductor device on same substrate, and is connected to each other to have complete function.At present, great majority are the methods of using TSV what develop.After being about to chip bonding, chip is carried out deep via, by fill the metal part in two chips of metal material connection in deep via.But present this technique is still held in complexity, and reliability is hanged down and the high shortcoming of cost.
Summary of the invention
Method and bonding structure that technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of metal bonding of three-dimensional chip structure solve complex process in prior art, and reliability is hanged down and the high problem of cost.
The method and technology scheme that the present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above is as follows: a kind of method of metal bonding of three-dimensional chip structure, step 1, the top chip of described three-dimensional chip is provided with the top chip groove, in described top chip groove and top chip surface all is deposited with copper, chemical mechanical planarization is carried out to exposing top silicon dioxide in the top chip surface that is deposited with copper, and described top chip ditch buried copper is top chip copper;
Step 2, the described top chip surface deposition one deck silicon nitride layer after carrying out chemical-mechanical planarization;
Step 3, etching are attached to the silicon nitride layer of described top chip copper top, form groove, until expose the top chip copper of bottom portion of groove;
Step 4, the bottom chip of described three-dimensional chip is provided with the bottom chip groove, in described bottom chip groove and bottom chip surface all is deposited with copper, chemical mechanical planarization is carried out to exposing bottom silicon dioxide layer in the bottom chip surface that is deposited with copper, and described bottom chip ditch buried copper is bottom chip copper;
Step 5 is carried out etching to bottom chip upper bottom portion silicon dioxide layer and is made bottom chip copper higher than bottom silicon dioxide layer;
Step 6 uses plasma all to carry out activation processing to bottom chip copper and the bottom silicon dioxide layer surface of exposing;
Step 7 is aimed at top chip copper with bottom chip copper, and top chip and bottom chip are carried out bonding;
Step 8 is carried out annealing in process with the chip after bonding.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the present invention realizes the combination of two chips by the method for utilizing at low temperatures metal and metal bonding, come complexed metal and metal bonding to make bonding quality higher with silica and silicon nitride, and the silicon nitride layer film can also stop metal to diffuse in material around, can reach simplification of flowsheet, reduce bonding temperature required, improve bonding reliability, improve bonding efficiency, lower the purpose of bonding cost.
On the basis of technique scheme, the present invention can also do following improvement.
Further, in described step 1, before the copper deposit is carried out on top chip groove and top chip surface, first deposit one deck barrier layer on top chip groove and top chip surface; In described step 4, before the copper deposit is carried out on bottom chip groove and bottom chip surface, first deposit one deck barrier layer on bottom chip groove and bottom chip surface.
Adopt the beneficial effect of above-mentioned further scheme to be: can prevent metal material diffusion towards periphery by this barrier layer, further improve the quality of chip after bonding.
Further, in described step 2, the method for deposit silicon nitride layer is the plasma reinforced chemical vapor deposition method.
Adopt the beneficial effect of above-mentioned further scheme to be: the required silicon nitride layer thickness of deposit comparatively fast, shortened process time, further improve bonding efficiency.
Further, in described step 2, the method for deposit silicon nitride layer is the high-density plasma chemical vapour-phase deposition method.
Adopt the beneficial effect of above-mentioned further scheme to be: can deposit go out the high-quality silicon nitride film, further improve the quality of chip after bonding.
Further, in described step 3, etch silicon nitride layer lithographic method used is high density plasma etch;
The etching mode of further, in described step 3, the silicon dioxide layer on bottom chip being carried out is high density plasma etch.
Adopt the beneficial effect of above-mentioned further scheme to be: the high density plasma etch mode is different phasic property etching, and etching precision is high, and because plasma density is high, etch rate is very fast, can further improve the quality of chip after bonding efficiency and bonding.
the device technique scheme that the present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above is as follows: a kind of metal bond structures of three-dimensional chip, comprise top chip and bottom chip, the top silicon dioxide of described top chip is provided with groove, be provided with top chip copper in described groove, be equipped with silicon nitride layer on bare top silicon dioxide layer segment between institute's groove and groove, described bottom silicon dioxide layer is provided with groove, be provided with bottom chip copper in described groove, the height of described bottom chip copper is higher than bottom silicon dioxide layer, described bottom chip copper is connected with top chip copper, on described top chip, silicon nitride layer is connected with bottom silicon dioxide layer.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the present invention can carry out the incompatible chip bonding purpose that reaches of metal and metallic bond at low temperatures, come complexed metal and metal bonding to make bonding quality higher with silica and silicon nitride, and the silicon nitride layer film can also stop metal to diffuse in material around, reach keying features simple, the effect that reliability is high and cost is low.
On the basis of technique scheme, the present invention can also do following improvement.
Further, be equipped with one deck barrier layer between the top chip copper on described top chip and top silicon dioxide, be provided with one deck barrier layer between the bottom chip copper on described bottom chip and bottom silicon dioxide layer.
Adopt the beneficial effect of above-mentioned further scheme to be: can prevent metal material diffusion towards periphery by this barrier layer, further improve the quality of chip after bonding.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the inventive method;
Fig. 2 is bonding crystal circle structure figure of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the structure chart that is untreated before the wafer bonding of top in the present invention;
Fig. 4 is structure chart after top wafer deposit silicon nitride layer in the present invention;
Fig. 5 is structure chart after top wafer etch silicon nitride layer in the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the structure chart that is untreated before the bottom wafers bonding in the present invention;
Fig. 7 is to structure chart after the pre-treatment of bottom wafers bonding in invention.
In accompanying drawing, the parts of each label representative are as follows:
1, top chip, 2, top chip copper, 3, silicon nitride layer, 4, bottom chip, 5, bottom metal copper, 6, top silicon dioxide, 7, bottom silicon dioxide layer.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, principle of the present invention and feature are described, example only is used for explaining the present invention, is not be used to limiting scope of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, the flow chart for the inventive method comprises the following steps:
Step 101, the top chip 1 of described three-dimensional chip is provided with the top chip groove, in described top chip groove and top chip 1 surface all is deposited with copper, chemical mechanical planarization is carried out to exposing top silicon dioxide 6 in top chip 1 surface that is deposited with copper, and described top chip ditch buried copper is top chip copper 2;
Step 102, the described top chip 1 surface deposition one deck silicon nitride layer 3 after carrying out chemical-mechanical planarization;
Step 103, etching are attached to the silicon nitride layer 3 of described top chip copper 2 tops, form groove, until expose the top chip copper 2 of bottom portion of groove;
Step 104, the bottom chip 4 of described three-dimensional chip is provided with the bottom chip groove, in described bottom chip groove and bottom chip 4 surfaces all are deposited with copper, chemical mechanical planarization is carried out to exposing bottom silicon dioxide layer 7 in bottom chip 4 surfaces that are deposited with copper, and described bottom chip 4 ditch buried coppers are bottom chip copper 5;
Step 105 is carried out etching to bottom chip 4 upper bottom portion silicon dioxide layers 7 and is made bottom chip copper higher than bottom silicon dioxide layer 7;
Step 106 uses plasma all to carry out activation processing to bottom chip copper 5 and bottom silicon dioxide layer 7 surfaces of exposing;
Step 107 is aimed at top chip copper 2 with bottom chip copper 5, and top chip 1 and 4, bottom core are carried out bonding;
Step 108 is carried out annealing in process with the chip after bonding.
Described step, in 101, before the copper deposit is carried out on top chip groove and top chip 1 surface, first deposit one deck barrier layer on top chip groove and top chip 1 surface; In described step 104, before the copper deposit is carried out on bottom chip groove and bottom chip 4 surfaces, first deposit one deck barrier layer on bottom chip groove and bottom chip 4 surfaces; In described step 102, the method for deposit silicon nitride layer 3 is the plasma reinforced chemical vapor deposition method, in described step 102, the method for deposit silicon nitride layer 3 is the high-density plasma chemical vapour-phase deposition method, etch silicon nitride in described step 103,3 lithographic methods used are high density plasma etch, in described step 103, to bottom silicon dioxide layer, 7 modes of carrying out etching are high density plasma etches.
When described step 101 to step 103 is carried out, simultaneously execution in step 104 is to step 106, or step 104 to step 106 first carries out, and executes rear execution in step 101 to step 103.The making of the making of top chip 1 bonding face and bottom chip 4 bonding faces does not interfere with each other, and can carry out simultaneously, further improves bonding efficiency.
Fig. 2 is bonding crystal circle structure figure of the present invention, comprise top chip 1 and bottom chip 4, the top silicon dioxide 6 of described top chip is provided with groove, be provided with top chip copper 2 in described groove, be equipped with silicon nitride layer 3 on bare top silicon dioxide layer 6 parts between institute's groove and groove, described bottom silicon dioxide layer 7 is provided with groove, be provided with bottom chip copper 5 in described groove, the height of described bottom chip copper 5 is higher than bottom silicon dioxide layer 7, described bottom chip copper 5 is connected with top chip copper 2, on described top chip 1, silicon nitride layer 3 is connected with bottom silicon dioxide layer 7.
Fig. 3 is the structure chart that is untreated before the wafer bonding of top in the present invention, comprises the top silicon dioxide 6 on top chip 1, is embedded in the top chip copper 2 in top silicon dioxide 6.
Fig. 4 is structure chart after top wafer deposit silicon nitride layer in the present invention, comprise the top silicon dioxide 6 on top chip 1, be embedded in top chip copper 2 and the silicon nitride layer 3 that is deposited on top silicon dioxide 6 and top chip copper 2 in top silicon dioxide 6.
Fig. 5 is structure chart after top wafer etch silicon nitride layer in the present invention, comprise the top silicon dioxide 6 on top chip 1, be embedded in top chip copper 2 and the silicon nitride layer 3 that is deposited on top silicon dioxide 6 and top chip copper 2 in top silicon dioxide 6, described silicon nitride layer 3 is provided with the opening identical with top chip copper 2 surface size, and described opening is placed on top chip copper 2.
Fig. 6 is the structure chart that is untreated before the bottom wafers bonding in the present invention, comprises the bottom silicon dioxide layer 7 on bottom chip 6, is embedded in the bottom chip copper 5 in top silicon dioxide 7.
Fig. 7 for the invention in to structure chart after the pre-treatment of bottom wafers bonding, comprise the bottom silicon dioxide layer 7 on bottom chip, be embedded in the bottom chip copper 5 in top silicon dioxide 7, the height of described bottom chip copper 5 is higher than bottom silicon dioxide layer 7.
Be equipped with one deck barrier layer between top chip copper 2 on described top chip 1 and top silicon dioxide 6, be provided with one deck barrier layer between the bottom chip copper 5 on described bottom chip 1 and bottom silicon dioxide layer 7.
The above is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is in order to limit the present invention, within the spirit and principles in the present invention not all, any modification of doing, is equal to replacement, improvement etc., within all should being included in protection scope of the present invention.