CN103106299A - Commutation failure judging and simulation method for direct current transmission system based on electromechanical transient state - Google Patents
Commutation failure judging and simulation method for direct current transmission system based on electromechanical transient state Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a commutation failure judging and simulation method for a direct current transmission system based on an electromechanical transient state. The commutation failure judging method comprises the steps: establishing an alternative current-direct current electrical power system electromechanical transient simulation model of direct current transmission, calculating alternative current three-phase/single-phase short-circuit fault happening in a certain point of an alternating system, comparing and analyzing changes of bus three-phase voltage effective value on a failure instant high-voltage direct current inversion side to judge whether commutation occurs in the direct current system or not, and conducting commutation judgment to each point of the alternating current system, and calculating and confirming an alternating current fault area. The simulation method comprises the step of simulating direct current commutation failure by artificially modifying direct-current power according to the judging results of the direct current commutation failure. According to the commutation failure judging and simulation method for the direct current transmission system based on the electromechanical transient state, an electromechanical transient simulation program in which an electric power system takes the leading application part is adopted, the commutation failure judging and simulation method has strong adaptability and practical applicability and is simple and useful and conserved in the aspect of computational analysis of the interaction effect between the direct current and alternating current, meanwhile the simulation method is effective and feasible, and fulfills engineering application requirements effectively.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to electric system HVDC Transmission Technology field, particularly a kind of DC transmission system phase conversion failure judgment and analogy method based on electromechanical transient.
Background technology
The DC transmission system commutation failure is the common phenomenon of the straight-flow system take thyristor as commutation components.A characteristic of thyristor valve is that it is turned by forward conduction in the process of shutoff, must be removed before valve can be set up the forward voltage blocking ability at the free son of forward conduction stage internal reservoir/compound.Therefore, the transverter of straight-flow system needs certain minimum reverse voltage---time zone, namely thyristor valve continue for some time to realize dissociating under the reverse voltage effect/dissociate sub compound.Analyze from energy conception, thyristor valve turns shutoff by forward conduction, and free son is gone free this process, is actually the process that energy change thyristor valve state is provided by the outside.For a certain specific thyristor valve, removing free required energy is a definite value, and this energy is the reverse voltage that bears with thyristor valve---go free this regional area of duration to represent.When AC system generation three-phase or single-phase earthing fault, can cause change of current busbar voltage to be fallen, natural commutation point is constant, the commutation energy that voltage drop causes (integral area of voltage to the time) deficiency, and then cause commutation failure.
At present, the existing increasing DC transmission engineering of China drops into operation of power networks, and south electric network has formed the hybrid AC/DC power transmission systems of " eight friendships five are straight ", becomes maximum in the world many feed-ins Ac/dc Power Systems.In Ac/dc Power Systems, the straight-flow system commutation failure is one of modal fault of straight-flow system.The safe and stable operation of continuous not only serious threat straight-flow system of commutation failure itself, and might cause the incorrect operation of AC system relay protection, even cause the action of a series of control protective units, cause serious consequence.therefore, whether three-phase shortcircuit and single-phase grounding fault that effectively in judgement and simulating grid, the different location occurs can cause direct current transportation inverter generation commutation failure, and after fault clearance, direct current transportation power recovery characteristics has material impact to the stability analysis result, especially to many drop points of direct current electrical network, some fault may cause that commutation failure occurs a plurality of direct current transportation inverters simultaneously, if can not correctly judge and simulation commutation failure and failover characteristic by simulation calculation, the performance of the possibility of result of alternating current-direct current cross-impact analysis and practical power systems has larger discrepancy.
Electromagnetical transient emulation method considered straight-flow system and controlled protection system electro-magnetic transient characteristic, Transmission Line Distributed Parameter characteristic and the frequency characteristic of parameter, the electromagnetic process of generator and the nonlinear characteristic of series of elements, can the more accurate analog AC system failure after straight-flow system commutation failure overall process.But due to the restriction that is subjected to realistic model and algorithm, it is very slow that electromagnetic transient simulation is found the solution speed, can't carry out the large-scale scanning simulation calculation, and the electric system scale that can describe is less also, often need to carry out system equivalent, and then lost to a certain extent some inherent characteristics of AC system.Simultaneously, the operation of current power system, scheduling, planning department and even research, testing department extensively adopt the electromechanical transient simulation program to carry out AC and DC power system emulation, and following long period of time still can be in occupation of leading position in the analytical calculation of AC and DC power system.But along with the fast development of AC and DC power system, electromechanical transient program some shortcomings part in actual applications highlights gradually, comprising:
(1) in the DC Model of electromechanical transient simulation program, do not comprise analog DC system's converter valve group and triggering system thereof, can't simulate the voltage and current of converter valve, can't simulate in detail the commutation failure process of inversion side, can only judge whether roughly to occur commutation failure according to the size of inverter extinguish angle.
(2) DC Model of electromechanical transient simulation program with change of current bus three-phase alternating voltage to being called precondition, when during the AC system unbalanced fault, the voltage of current conversion station ac bus is no longer symmetrical, and quasi steady state model simulation result during this period is not strict accurate.
(3) DC Model of an electromechanical transient simulation program taking into account system first-harmonic characteristic to the not simulation of harmonic characteristic of straight-flow system, is not considered the various losses of current conversion station yet, and idle calculated value may cause larger error.
Above-mentioned deficiency, cause electromechanical transient simulation partially optimistic to the simulation of straight-flow system commutation failure, during being mainly manifested in AC system generation three-phase (single-phase) short trouble, the DC power of electromechanical transient simulation result is bigger than the actual motion value, and after short trouble disappeared, also the actual motion value was fast relatively for the DC power resume speed of electromechanical transient simulation result.Consider that the electric system computational analysis is whether stable and should adopt relatively conservative computing method, therefore need research for DC transmission system phase conversion failure judgment and the analogy method that can guard analysis of electromechanical transient simulation.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to propose a kind of DC transmission system phase conversion failure judgment and analogy method based on electromechanical transient for overcoming electromechanical transient simulation to the emulation mode of straight-flow system commutation failure partially optimistic deficiency and shortcoming.This method has been considered DC transmission system commutation failure and DC power recovery characteristics, simple and practical and too conservative electromechanical transient simulation determination methods.
Purpose of the present invention is realized by following technical measures:
A kind of DC transmission system phase conversion failure judgment method based on electromechanical transient simulation comprises the following steps:
S1. set up the AC and DC power system electromechanical transient simulation model that contains direct current transportation, comprise power flow algorithm and stability Calculation model;
S2. the electromechanical transient simulation model that utilizes step S1 to form, in the calculating AC system, AC three-phase/single-phase earthing fault a bit occurs in certain, obtains the front high-voltage d. c inverse transform side change of current bus three-phase voltage effective value of fault
With instant of failure high-voltage d. c inverse transform side change of current bus three-phase voltage effective value
S3. utilize the electromechanical transient simulation result of step S2, adopt practical operating experiences and electromagnetic transient simulation result as the basis of judgement commutation failure occurrence condition, judge by comparative analysis instant of failure high-voltage d. c inverse transform side change of current bus three-phase voltage effective value situation of change whether straight-flow system commutation failure occurs:
If S301. simulation calculation is the AC three-phase short trouble, and instant of failure dc inversion side change of current bus three-phase voltage drops into front below 90%, namely of magnitude of voltage of fault
/
＜0.9, judge that the three phase short circuit fault of this some generation AC system will cause corresponding direct current generation commutation failure;
If S302. simulation calculation is the AC single phase short trouble, and instant of failure dc inversion side change of current bus three-phase voltage drops into front below 92%, namely of magnitude of voltage of fault
/
＜0.92, judge that the single-phase earthing fault of this some generation AC system will cause corresponding direct current generation commutation failure;
If S303. simulation calculation is AC three-phase short trouble or single-phase earthing fault, and instant of failure dc inversion side change of current bus three-phase voltage drops into front below 70%, namely of magnitude of voltage of fault
/
＜0.7, judge that the short trouble of this some generation AC system will cause corresponding direct current generation commutation failure, and DC power will be reduced to zero;
S4. for the each point in AC system, repeating step S3 causes under given fault type that by the scanning calculative determination AC fault of commutation failure of high voltage direct current system is regional.
Described step S1 specifically comprises the following steps:
S11. set up the power flow algorithm of the AC and DC power system that contains direct current transportation; Require the ac and dc systems model should comprise 110kV and above electrical network in electrical network, electric load hang over 220kV and 110kV main transformer in, low-pressure side, reactive power compensator needs simulation separately, does not merge with load;
S12. set up the transient stability computation model of the AC and DC power system that contains direct current transportation; Require synchronous generator to adopt Eq ", Ed " variation model, and consider automatic magnetic exciting control device, speed regulator and PSS effect; The straight-flow system parameter arranges needs to consider the DC control system effect; Load model adopts by constant impedance, steady current, firm power and takes into account the integrated load model of the frequency characteristic factor.
Foundation contains the AC and DC power system electromechanical transient simulation model of direct current transportation, comprises the following steps:
1. set up the trend computational grid model of the AC and DC power system that contains direct current transportation.Require the ac and dc systems network model should comprise 110kV and above electrical network in electrical network, electric load hang over 220kV and 110kV main transformer in, low-pressure side, reactive power compensator needs simulation separately, does not merge with load.
2. set up the transient stability computational grid model of the AC and DC power system that contains direct current transportation.Require synchronous generator to adopt Eq ", Ed " variation model, and consider automatic magnetic exciting control device, speed regulator and PSS effect.The straight-flow system parameter arranges needs to consider the DC control system effect.Load model adopts by constant impedance, steady current, firm power and takes into account the integrated load model of the frequency characteristic factor.
The present invention also proposes a kind of DC transmission system commutation failure analogy method in electromechanical transient, comprises the following steps:
According to the DC transmission system phase conversion failure judgment result based on electromechanical transient simulation, if in AC system, straight-flow system commutation failure after AC three-phase/single-phase earthing fault a bit occurs in certain, adopt the artificial DC power analog DC system commutation failure of revising in transient emulation calculates, comprise the following steps:
S31. T when AC system three-phase/single-phase fault occurs
Fault occursDC power definite value people for being set to 0, is continued 5 cycles;
S32. T when three-phase/single-phase earthing fault disappears
Fault disappearsBegin to recover DC power, straight-flow system power definite value returns to rated power after 5 cycles.
The present invention has following advantage:
For existing main flow electromechanical transient simulation program, the direct current commutation failure is simulated inaccurate problem, adopt practical operating experiences and electromagnetic transient simulation result as the basis of judgement commutation failure occurrence condition, if namely AC three-phase/single-phase earthing fault makes change of current bus three-phase/single-phase voltage drop into normal working voltage value 92%(90%) and below, commutation failure can occur in DC transmission system mostly.Simultaneously, for the electromechanical transient simulation program when the fault in ac transmission system to dc system fault during the relative optimistic problem of simulation of recovery characteristics after dynamic perfromance and fault, intend adopting the method for revising the DC power definite value that simulation result is improved.Direct current phase conversion failure judgment of the present invention and analogy method, adopted the electromechanical transient simulation program of electric system main flow, adaptability and practicality are stronger, and simple and practical and too conservative, aspect computational analysis that alternating current-direct current is influenced each other, emulation mode of the present invention and result are effective and feasible, can effectively satisfy engineering and use required.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is straight-flow system phase conversion failure judgment figure (AC system three phase short circuit fault figure).
Fig. 2 is the straight-flow system commutation failure analogy method schematic diagram that the present invention proposes.
Fig. 3 is based on DC transmission system phase conversion failure judgment and the analogy method effect contrast figure of electromechanical transient simulation.
Embodiment
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and Calculation Simulation example.
Fig. 1 is for after the AC system three phase short circuit fault, judges whether phase conversion failure judgment schematic diagram of straight-flow system according to the current conversion station busbar voltage.Three kinds of different inversion side change of current busbar voltage response curves and corresponding straight-flow system running status thereof have been showed in this figure.The DC transmission system phase conversion failure judgment method based on electromechanical transient simulation that the present invention proposes, compare by the instant of failure high-voltage d. c inverse transform side change of current bus three-phase voltage effective value to electromechanical transient simulation: (1) if simulation calculation be the AC three-phase short trouble, and instant of failure dc inversion side change of current bus three-phase voltage drops into front below 90%, namely of magnitude of voltage of fault
/
0.9, judge this some the three phase short circuit fault of AC system occurs after direct current commutation failure can not occur.Namely when AC system generation three-phase shortcircuit, between age at failure, the current conversion station bus changes as shown in curve in Fig. 11, and direct current can commutation failure; (2) if simulation calculation be the AC three-phase short trouble, and instant of failure dc inversion side change of current bus three-phase voltage drops into below 90%, namely of magnitude of voltage before fault
/
＜0.9, judge that the three phase short circuit fault of this some generation AC system will cause corresponding direct current generation commutation failure.Namely when AC system generation three-phase shortcircuit, between age at failure, the current conversion station bus changes as shown in curve in Fig. 12, and commutation failure can occur direct current; (3) if simulation calculation be AC three-phase short trouble or single-phase earthing fault, and instant of failure dc inversion side change of current bus three-phase voltage drops into below 70%, namely of magnitude of voltage before fault
/
＜0.7, judge that the short trouble of this some generation AC system will cause corresponding direct current generation commutation failure, and DC power will be reduced to zero.Namely when AC system generation three-phase shortcircuit, between age at failure, the current conversion station bus changes as shown in curve in Fig. 13, and direct current generation commutation failure, and DC power will be reduced to zero.
Fig. 2 is straight-flow system commutation failure analogy method schematic diagram, and in figure, red line is the straight-flow system power definite value of the generation commutation failure that arranges in simulation calculation.Namely adopt the artificial DC power analog DC system commutation failure of revising in transient emulation calculates, the T(fault occurs when AC system three-phase (single-phase) fault occurs) with DC power definite value people for being set to 0, lasting 5 cycles (0.1 second); The T(fault disappears when three-phase (single-phase) short trouble disappears) begin to recover DC power, straight-flow system power definite value returns to rated power after 5 cycles (0.1 second).
Fig. 3 is the result that adopts Fig. 2 straight-flow system commutation failure analogy method to carry out emulation, provided respectively employing EMTDC electromagnetic transient simulation in figure---curve 1, BPA electromechanical transient simulation---curve 2 and adopt method of the present invention after the DC power response curve of BPA electromechanical transient simulation---curve 3, wherein.As we can see from the figure, adopt BPA electromechanical transient simulation---curve 2, during the AC system three phase short circuit fault, the DC power value is high than the electromagnetic transient simulation end value; And DC power response curve---the curve 3 of employing straight-flow system commutation failure analogy method, during the AC system three phase short circuit fault, the DC power value is than the electromagnetic transient simulation end value---and curve 1 is lower, and after fault disappears, the DC power resume speed is slower.Considering the electromagnetic transient simulation result---under the more believable prerequisite of curve 1, from system stability is affected angle, adopt the result of calculation of emulation mode of the present invention more conservative than actual motion value and electromagnetic transient simulation value, adopt the present invention to carry out the power system safety and stability computational analysis, it is more reasonable more conservative particularly carrying out the influence each other result of calculation of computational analysis of alternating current-direct current.
Therefore, direct current phase conversion failure judgment and analogy method based on electromechanical transient simulation of the present invention can adopt the electromechanical transient simulation program of electric system main flow to carry out computational analysis, and adaptability and practicality are stronger, and simple and practical and too conservative.Aspect computational analysis that alternating current-direct current is influenced each other, emulation mode of the present invention is effective and feasible through engineering approaches computational analysis means.
Claims (3)
1. the DC transmission system phase conversion failure judgment method based on electromechanical transient, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
S1. set up the AC and DC power system electromechanical transient simulation model that contains direct current transportation, comprise power flow algorithm and stability Calculation model;
S2. the electromechanical transient simulation model that utilizes step S1 to form, in the calculating AC system, AC three-phase/single-phase earthing fault a bit occurs in certain, obtains the front high-voltage d. c inverse transform side change of current bus three-phase voltage effective value of fault
With instant of failure high-voltage d. c inverse transform side change of current bus three-phase voltage effective value
S3. utilize the electromechanical transient simulation result of step S2, adopt practical operating experiences and electromagnetic transient simulation result as the basis of judgement commutation failure occurrence condition, judge by comparative analysis instant of failure high-voltage d. c inverse transform side change of current bus three-phase voltage effective value situation of change whether straight-flow system commutation failure occurs:
If S301. simulation calculation is the AC three-phase short trouble, and instant of failure dc inversion side change of current bus three-phase voltage drops into front below 90%, namely of magnitude of voltage of fault
/
＜0.9, judge that the three phase short circuit fault of this some generation AC system will cause corresponding direct current generation commutation failure;
If S302. simulation calculation is the AC single phase short trouble, and instant of failure dc inversion side change of current bus three-phase voltage drops into front below 92%, namely of magnitude of voltage of fault
/
＜0.92, judge that the single-phase earthing fault of this some generation AC system will cause corresponding direct current generation commutation failure;
If S303. simulation calculation is AC three-phase short trouble or single-phase earthing fault, and instant of failure dc inversion side change of current bus three-phase voltage drops into front below 70%, namely of magnitude of voltage of fault
/
＜0.7, judge that the short trouble of this some generation AC system will cause corresponding direct current generation commutation failure, and DC power will be reduced to zero;
S4. for the each point in AC system, repeating step S3 causes under given fault type that by the scanning calculative determination AC fault of commutation failure of high voltage direct current system is regional.
2. the DC transmission system phase conversion failure judgment method based on electromechanical transient according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described step S1 specifically comprises the following steps:
S11. set up the power flow algorithm of the AC and DC power system that contains direct current transportation; Require the ac and dc systems model should comprise 110kV and above electrical network in electrical network, electric load hang over 220kV and 110kV main transformer in, low-pressure side, reactive power compensator needs simulation separately, does not merge with load;
S12. set up the transient stability computation model of the AC and DC power system that contains direct current transportation; Require synchronous generator to adopt Eq ", Ed " variation model, and consider automatic magnetic exciting control device, speed regulator and PSS effect; The straight-flow system parameter arranges needs to consider the DC control system effect; Load model adopts by constant impedance, steady current, firm power and takes into account the integrated load model of the frequency characteristic factor.
3. the DC transmission system commutation failure analogy method based on electromechanical transient, is characterized in that,
According to the DC transmission system phase conversion failure judgment result based on electromechanical transient simulation, if in AC system, straight-flow system commutation failure after AC three-phase/single-phase earthing fault a bit occurs in certain, adopt the artificial DC power analog DC system commutation failure of revising in transient emulation calculates, comprise the following steps:
S31. the T(fault occurs when AC system three-phase/single-phase fault occurs) with DC power definite value people for being set to 0, lasting 5 cycles;
S32. disappear in three-phase/single-phase earthing fault disappearance T(fault) begin to recover DC power, straight-flow system power definite value returns to rated power after 5 cycles.
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| CN103730906A (en) * | 2013-06-13 | 2014-04-16 | 华北电力大学 | Method for coordination control over restraint in mixed direct-current transmission phase-commutation failure |
| CN103886146A (en) * | 2014-03-12 | 2014-06-25 | 河海大学 | Control parameter optimization method for improving phase commutating failure restraining capacity of direct current system |
| CN104237745A (en) * | 2014-10-16 | 2014-12-24 | 国家电网公司 | Method for judging abnormal commutation failure of multi-feed high-voltage DC transmission system |
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| CN104298834A (en) * | 2014-10-31 | 2015-01-21 | 国网宁夏电力公司电力科学研究院 | Object oriented technology-based direct current system modeling method and fault simulation method |
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| CN109659964A (en) * | 2017-10-12 | 2019-04-19 | 中国电力科学研究院 | A kind of method and device for preventing direct current locking |
| CN110233489A (en) * | 2019-04-26 | 2019-09-13 | 国网浙江省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | A kind of direct current system commutation failure recovery control method and control system |
| CN110233489B (en) * | 2019-04-26 | 2020-12-18 | 国网浙江省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | Direct current system commutation failure recovery control method and control system |
| CN110266032B (en) * | 2019-05-14 | 2023-01-03 | 天津大学 | Feasible domain description method for HVDC system commutation process |
| CN110266032A (en) * | 2019-05-14 | 2019-09-20 | 天津大学 | A kind of feasible zone of HVDC system commutation process describes method |
| CN111064215B (en) * | 2019-12-11 | 2022-09-09 | 国网江苏省电力有限公司经济技术研究院 | Method and system for determining phase commutation fault of hybrid cascade direct-current transmission project |
| CN111064215A (en) * | 2019-12-11 | 2020-04-24 | 国网江苏省电力有限公司经济技术研究院 | Method and system for determining phase commutation fault of hybrid cascade direct-current transmission project |
| CN111416375A (en) * | 2020-03-06 | 2020-07-14 | 天津大学 | Commutation failure prediction method considering transient direct current change process |
| CN111416375B (en) * | 2020-03-06 | 2023-06-23 | 天津大学 | Commutation failure prediction method considering transient direct current change process |
| CN111864738A (en) * | 2020-07-23 | 2020-10-30 | 华中科技大学 | Continuous commutation failure suppression method and device based on adaptive trigger angle compensation |
| CN114079290A (en) * | 2020-08-18 | 2022-02-22 | 许继电气股份有限公司 | Method and device for simulating commutation failure of direct current transmission system in PSS/E |
| CN114079290B (en) * | 2020-08-18 | 2024-04-12 | 许继电气股份有限公司 | Method and device for simulating commutation failure of direct current transmission system in PSS/E |
| CN112255485A (en) * | 2020-10-20 | 2021-01-22 | 云南电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | Low-voltage fault detection device for power module of frequency modulation test platform of new energy unit |
| CN112994072A (en) * | 2021-04-27 | 2021-06-18 | 华北电力大学 | Two-port equivalent modeling method suitable for back-to-back VSC fault transient calculation |
| CN112994072B (en) * | 2021-04-27 | 2022-08-19 | 华北电力大学 | Two-port equivalent modeling method suitable for back-to-back VSC fault transient calculation |
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