CN103065016B - Method and system for determining alternating-current system fault range resulting in direct-current commutation failure - Google Patents
Method and system for determining alternating-current system fault range resulting in direct-current commutation failure Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a system for determining the alternating-current system fault range resulting in direct-current commutation failure. The method includes the steps: firstly, determining the alternating-current power grid range and power grid data to be evaluated; secondly, determining a minimum extinction angle; thirdly, using a short-circuit current computing program to traverse faults in the alternating-current power grid range, and computing a voltage amplitude value and phase angle shift of a current conversion bus when a alternating-current power grid is at fault; then, computing extinction angles of the corresponding faults; and finally, evaluating the range that the alternating-current faults influence commutation failure. The method is efficient and accurate in judgment of commutation failure and is used for mastering operation personnel and evaluating operation states of alternating-current and direct-current systems, and evaluating efficiency of the method is greatly improved as compared with that of an existing evaluating method.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to high-voltage dc transmission electrical domain, in particular a kind of method determining the fault in ac transmission system scope causing direct-current commutation failure.
Background technology
D.C. high voltage transmission has unique advantage technically and economically, is widely used in remote, large capacity transmission and large regions networking.But it is while bringing tremendous economic interests, also make electric network composition more complicated, the interaction between AC and DC system technically with management on to operation of power networks personnel with huge challenge of knowing clearly.Commutation failure is as a kind of important form of alternating current-direct current dynamic interaction, and the direct-current commutation failure wherein especially caused with fault in ac transmission system is the most common, is that research is at present the most deeply with by alternating current-direct current INTERACTION PROBLEMS deeply concerned.Therefore, assessment AC system different faults position, different faults type are on the impact of direct-current commutation failure, determine the fault in ac transmission system scope causing direct-current commutation failure, operation of power networks state is grasped for operations staff, ensures that the safe and stable operation of the AC/DC interconnected system of expanding day has important practical significance.
Commutation failure is the result of dynamic interaction between ac and dc systems, and its generating process is very complicated, not only closely related, also relevant with the method for operation with the grid structure of AC system with the method for operation, control etc. of straight-flow system.Determine at present to cause the research means of the fault in ac transmission system collection of direct-current commutation failure mainly to adopt the electromagnetic transients program such as PSCAD/EMTDC, RTDS to emulate, after equivalence is carried out to AC network, by setting up the detailed model of ac and dc systems, the commutation dynamic process of artificial actual converter valve, thus determine whether fault in ac transmission system can cause direct-current commutation failure.Although this method is comparatively accurate, owing to being limited to electrical network scale and artificial resource, its engineer applied is very restricted.On the other hand, the electric power system transient stability simulated programs such as BPA, also can be used for studying the interaction of alternating current-direct current, its AC system model is comparatively detailed, straight-flow system then adopts quasi steady state model, counting yield 2 ~ 3 orders of magnitude higher than electromagnetic transients program, but have employed comparatively simple quasi steady state model due to straight-flow system, it is poor to the judgement accuracy of direct-current commutation failure, and engineering practicability is inadequate.Therefore, the fault in ac transmission system scope of direct-current commutation failure how is determined to cause still to lack a set of succinct, efficient and appraisal procedure that engineering practicability is stronger at present.
Existing scheme one
Based on electromagnetic transient in power system simulated programs such as PSCAD/EMTDC, RTDS, after equivalence is to a certain degree carried out to AC system, set up the detailed electrical-magnetic model of AC-DC interconnecting power network, wherein the detailed model of transverter can the commutation dynamic process of artificial actual converter valve, can judge whether AC network fault can cause direct-current commutation failure by the current curve of monitoring converter valve, thus determine the fault in ac transmission system scope causing direct-current commutation failure.
Existing scheme two
Based on electric power system transient stability simulated programs such as BPA, in AC network, diverse location arranges dissimilar fault, wherein straight-flow system is quasi steady state model, the extinguish angle calculating converter valve is fallen according to the change of current busbar voltage amplitude that AC fault causes, and then judge whether this AC fault can cause direct-current commutation failure, thus determine the fault in ac transmission system scope causing direct-current commutation failure.
The shortcoming of existing scheme one:
Direct-current commutation failure whether can be caused based on electromagnetic transient simulation determination fault in ac transmission system such as PSCAD/EMTDC, RTDS, be based upon on the basis to the detailed modeling of AC and DC system, its computation process is consuming time many, access data amount is large, numerical stability requires high, and along with the expansion of electrical network scale, calculates consuming time and data access and is multiplied, even employing dynamic equivalent, electromagnetic transient simulation is carried out to alternating current-direct current Large Scale Interconnected Systems and does not also meet practical implementation requirement.
The shortcoming of existing scheme two:
The transient stability simulated programs such as BPA are comparatively simple quasi steady state model because straight-flow system have employed, only consider change of current busbar voltage amplitude and fall impact on commutation failure, cause it poor to the judgement accuracy of direct-current commutation failure, particularly when AC system generation unbalanced fault, the voltage of change of current bus is no longer symmetrical, the effect of phase offset to commutation failure is not allowed to ignore, then the judgement accuracy of commutation failure can reduce further, cannot meet the requirement of engineering practicability.
Therefore, prior art has yet to be improved and developed.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method determining to cause the fault in ac transmission system scope of direct-current commutation failure, be intended to solve existing computation process consuming time many, access data amount is large, and numerical stability requires high, judges the problem that accuracy is poor.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows: a kind of method determining the fault in ac transmission system scope causing direct-current commutation failure, and it comprises the following steps:
Step S1, emulation prepare, and determine the AC network scope that will assess and electric network data;
Step S2, determine critical extinction angle;
Step S3, utilize Short Circuit Calculation Program in Electric Power System to the Fault traversal within the scope of AC network, the voltage magnitude of change of current bus and phase angle shift when calculating AC network fault;
Step S4, according to the relation between the extinguish angle of converter valve and change of current busbar voltage:
In formula: U
[0]for Inverter Station bus line voltage magnitude before fault; γ
0for the direct current extinguish angle that fault presteady state runs; β
0for the more front Trigger Angle of direct current before fault; U is Inverter Station bus line voltage magnitude after fault; γ is direct current extinguish angle after fault;
for the reach angle of Inverter Station busbar voltage phase place before and after fault, calculate the extinguish angle under corresponding fault, if its value is less than the setting valve of extinguish angle, judge to cause direct-current commutation failure, otherwise can not commutation failure be caused;
Step S5, assessment AC fault affect the scope of direct-current commutation failure, according to the differentiation result of step S4, AC fault scope is divided into and will inevitably causes direct-current commutation failure, direct-current commutation failure may be caused and direct-current commutation failure three aspects must be caused, thus assessment AC fault affects the scope of direct-current commutation failure.
Described determination causes the method for the fault in ac transmission system scope of direct-current commutation failure, wherein, comprises single-phase earthing, line to line fault, line to line fault ground connection and three-phase ground to the Fault traversal scope within the scope of AC network.
Described determination causes the method for the fault in ac transmission system scope of direct-current commutation failure, and wherein, it is 18 ° that extinguish angle lowest critical value is adjusted.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: the present invention only need utilize short-circuit current calculation program and commutation failure analytic criterion to complete, do not rely on the model of straight-flow system, achieve the Decoupling Analysis of ac and dc systems, differentiation for commutation failure provides a kind of efficient, accurate method, the more existing appraisal procedure of assess effectiveness is greatly improved, operations staff is grasped, the running status of assessment ac and dc systems, take measures to carry out the improvement of running status in time, and formulate corresponding urgent prediction scheme, reduce the generation of follow-up commutation failure, thus the impact reduced AC network, ensure that the safe operation of AC/DC interconnected system is all significant.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of steps of method provided by the invention.
Embodiment
For making object of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearly, clearly, developing simultaneously referring to accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in more detail for embodiment.
In the short-circuit current calculation program of electric system, during fault in ac transmission system, straight-flow system does not provide short-circuit current, is equivalent to open circuit, and therefore the voltage magnitude at change of current bus place and phase angle are by the impact of straight-flow system.In addition, when ignoring change of current busbar voltage and changing the DC line curent change caused, between the extinguish angle of converter valve and change of current busbar voltage, there is the corresponding relation determined.Therefore, judge whether AC fault can cause another thinking of direct-current commutation failure to be by Short Circuit Calculation Program in Electric Power System monitoring change of current busbar voltage phasor, relation according to change of current busbar voltage phasor and converter valve extinguish angle extrapolates extinguish angle, when extinguish angle is less than given critical extinction angle, namely judge straight-flow system generation commutation failure.This thinking only need try to achieve by short-circuit current calculation program the change of current busbar voltage amplitude and phase offset size that AC fault causes, and does not rely on the modeling of straight-flow system, thus can realize the Decoupling Analysis of AC and DC system.
Short Circuit Calculation Program in Electric Power System is the conventional systematic analysis instrument of electric system, have facility, efficiently, feature fast, can be mutual with the data file interface of electric power system tide and transient stability analysis program.After determining the fault in ac transmission system scope that will consider, by short-circuit current calculation program, and adopt existing electric network swim data file and stable data file just can carry out the calculating of short-circuit current traverse scanning to the symmetry in fault coverage and unbalanced fault situation, thus obtain the voltage (comprising amplitude and phase angle) of change of current bus when dissimilar fault occurs for AC network diverse location.
The principle that root is above-mentioned, during fault in ac transmission system, cut-off streaming system is constant current source, namely thinks that DC current size is constant before and after fault.Before fault, the expression formula that can obtain DC current according to the commutation principle of transverter is:
In formula: I
d [0]for DC current before fault; U
[0]for Inverter Station bus line voltage magnitude before fault; N is the no-load voltage ratio of converter power transformer; X
cfor the commutating reactance of inverter ac side; γ
0for the direct current extinguish angle that fault presteady state runs; β
0for the more front Trigger Angle of direct current before fault.
After fault, the response of straight-flow system controller and the Turn Ratio Changing of converter power transformer all need the regular hour, so instant of failure β and n remains unchanged, consider that unbalanced fault makes commutation line voltage zero-cross point reach angle
time, after can obtaining fault, the expression formula of DC current is:
In formula: I
dfor DC current after fault; U is Inverter Station bus line voltage magnitude after fault; γ is direct current extinguish angle after fault; β is the more front Trigger Angle of direct current after fault;
for the reach angle of Inverter Station busbar voltage phase place before and after fault.
Can be obtained by formula (2):
From analyzing above, I
d [0]=I
d, β
0=β
0, therefore can be obtained by formula (1) and formula (3):
Utilize the result of calculation of short-circuit current calculation program, the voltage magnitude of change of current bus during fault and phase angle shift are substituted into formula (4) extinguish angle γ can be tried to achieve, itself and critical extinction angle setting valve are compared, when it is less than setting valve, namely judges inverter generation commutation failure.
Assessment based on AC/DC decoupling causes the specific practice of the AC fault collection of direct-current commutation failure as follows:
First, the AC network scope that will assess and critical extinction angle is determined;
Secondly, utilize short-circuit current calculation program to fault (comprising single-phase earthing, line to line fault, line to line fault ground connection, the three-phase ground) traversal within the scope of AC network, and scan voltage magnitude and the phase offset situation at change of current bus place;
Then to calculate the extinguish angle under corresponding fault according to the extinguish angle of converter valve with the relation (see formula 4) between change of current busbar voltage, if its value is less than the setting valve of extinguish angle, judge to cause direct-current commutation failure, otherwise can not commutation failure be caused;
Finally, according to emulation and parsing result of calculation, AC fault scope is divided, comprise and will inevitably cause direct-current commutation failure, direct-current commutation failure may be caused (considering emulation and the error of calculation) and direct-current commutation failure three aspects must be caused, and comprehensive each trouble spot situation finally completes the assessment of the AC fault collection causing commutation failure.
See Fig. 1, the alternating current-direct current based on ac and dc systems decoupling zero interacts and causes the basic step of direct-current commutation failure appraisal procedure as follows:
Step S1, emulation prepare, and determine the simulation calculation instrument that appraisal procedure uses, and get out the electric network data needed for emulating, the monitoring target in the AC network scope clearly will considered and simulation process.
Step S2, determine critical extinction angle γ
min, because converter valve also needs a process making Carrier recombination after shut-off, therefore extinguish angle γ is sufficiently large, makes converter valve have the sufficiently long time to be under reverse voltage effect, to ensure that the valve just turned off can recover blocking ability completely.If extinguish angle is too little, easily cause commutation failure, this will ask the extinguish angle γ of inverter must have a minimum value.Increase the commutation failure probability that extinguish angle γ can reduce inverter effectively, but the increase at γ angle can reduce the reactive power consumption of the through-put power of straight-flow system, the power factor reducing invertor operation, increase system, this just requires that γ angle is as far as possible smaller.
During invertor operation, if the γ angle of certain valve is less than lowest critical value, just inevitably there is commutation failure.In order to enable inverter bear disturbance to a certain degree, the γ angle in actual motion must be greater than its critical value, and has enough nargin.To the high-pressure valve that thyristor is formed, extinguish angle lowest critical value is about 6 ° ~ 10 °, and generally adjusting in engineer applied is 18 °.
The voltage magnitude of step S3, simulation calculation change of current bus and phase angle, utilize Short Circuit Calculation Program in Electric Power System, calculates voltage magnitude and the phase angle shift of change of current bus during AC network fault.
Whether step S4, differentiation cause commutation failure, the voltage magnitude and phase angle shift that emulate the change of current bus obtained are substituted into analytical analysis criterion formula (4), calculate extinguish angle, itself and setting valve are compared, if extinguish angle is less than setting valve, then judge that corresponding fault in ac transmission system can cause direct-current commutation failure; Otherwise, then commutation failure can not be caused.
Step S5, assessment AC fault affect the scope of direct-current commutation failure, according to the differentiation result of step S4, AC fault scope is divided into and will inevitably causes direct-current commutation failure, direct-current commutation failure may be caused (considering emulation and the error of calculation) and direct-current commutation failure three aspects must be caused, thus assess the scope that AC fault affects direct-current commutation failure.
Determination proposed by the invention causes the appraisal procedure of the AC fault scope of commutation failure, only short-circuit current calculation program and commutation failure analytic criterion need be utilized to complete, do not rely on the model of straight-flow system, achieve the Decoupling Analysis of ac and dc systems, differentiation for commutation failure provides a kind of efficient, accurate method, the more existing appraisal procedure of assess effectiveness is greatly improved, operations staff is grasped, the running status of assessment ac and dc systems, take measures to carry out the improvement of running status in time, and formulate corresponding urgent prediction scheme, reduce the generation of follow-up commutation failure, thus the impact reduced AC network, ensure that the safe operation of AC/DC interconnected system is all significant.
Should be understood that, application of the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned citing, for those of ordinary skills, can be improved according to the above description or convert, and all these improve and convert the protection domain that all should belong to claims of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. determine a method for the fault in ac transmission system scope causing direct-current commutation failure, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
Step S1, emulation prepare, and determine the AC network scope that will assess and electric network data;
Step S2, determine critical extinction angle;
Step S3, utilize Short Circuit Calculation Program in Electric Power System to the Fault traversal within the scope of AC network, the voltage magnitude of change of current bus and phase angle shift when calculating AC network fault;
Step S4, according to the relation between the extinguish angle of converter valve and change of current busbar voltage:
in formula: U
[0]for Inverter Station bus line voltage magnitude before fault; γ
0for the direct current extinguish angle that fault presteady state runs; β
0for the more front Trigger Angle of direct current before fault; U is Inverter Station bus line voltage magnitude after fault; γ is direct current extinguish angle after fault;
for the reach angle of Inverter Station busbar voltage phase place before and after fault, calculate the extinguish angle under corresponding fault, if its value is less than the setting valve of extinguish angle, judge to cause direct-current commutation failure, otherwise can not commutation failure be caused;
Step S5, assessment AC fault affect the scope of direct-current commutation failure, according to the differentiation result of step S4, AC fault scope is divided into and will inevitably causes direct-current commutation failure, direct-current commutation failure may be caused and direct-current commutation failure three aspects must be caused, thus assessment AC fault affects the scope of direct-current commutation failure.
2. the method determining the fault in ac transmission system scope causing direct-current commutation failure according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, only short-circuit current calculation program and commutation failure analytic criterion need be utilized to complete, not rely on the model of straight-flow system, achieve the Decoupling Analysis of ac and dc systems.
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