CN103065016A - Method and system for determining alternating-current system fault range resulting in direct-current commutation failure - Google Patents

Method and system for determining alternating-current system fault range resulting in direct-current commutation failure Download PDF

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CN103065016A
CN103065016A CN2013100048684A CN201310004868A CN103065016A CN 103065016 A CN103065016 A CN 103065016A CN 2013100048684 A CN2013100048684 A CN 2013100048684A CN 201310004868 A CN201310004868 A CN 201310004868A CN 103065016 A CN103065016 A CN 103065016A
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fault
commutation failure
direct current
current
cause
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CN103065016B (en
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蔡泽祥
李晓华
王朝硕
杨欢欢
徐敏
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South China University of Technology SCUT
Super High Transmission Co of China South Electric Net Co Ltd
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Super High Transmission Co of China South Electric Net Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses a method and a system for determining the alternating-current system fault range resulting in direct-current commutation failure. The method includes the steps: firstly, determining the alternating-current power grid range and power grid data to be evaluated; secondly, determining a minimum extinction angle; thirdly, using a short-circuit current computing program to traverse faults in the alternating-current power grid range, and computing a voltage amplitude value and phase angle shift of a current conversion bus when a alternating-current power grid is at fault; then, computing extinction angles of the corresponding faults; and finally, evaluating the range that the alternating-current faults influence commutation failure. The method is efficient and accurate in judgment of commutation failure and is used for mastering operation personnel and evaluating operation states of alternating-current and direct-current systems, and evaluating efficiency of the method is greatly improved as compared with that of an existing evaluating method.

Description

Determine to cause the method and system of the fault in ac transmission system scope of direct current commutation failure
Technical field
The present invention relates to the high-voltage dc transmission electrical domain, in particular a kind of method and system of determining to cause the fault in ac transmission system scope of direct current commutation failure.
Background technology
D.C. high voltage transmission has unique advantage technically and economically, is being widely used aspect remote, large capacity transmission and the large area networking.But it is when bringing the tremendous economic interests, and also so that electric network composition is more complicated, the interaction between the AC and DC system is gone up to the operation of power networks personnel with the huge challenge of knowing clearly with management technically.Commutation failure is as a kind of important form of alternating current-direct current dynamic interaction, and the direct current commutation failure that wherein especially causes with fault in ac transmission system is the most common, be at present research the most deeply and be subjected to alternating current-direct current INTERACTION PROBLEMS deeply concerned most.Therefore, assessment AC system different faults position, different faults type are on the impact of direct current commutation failure, determine to cause the fault in ac transmission system scope of direct current commutation failure, grasp the operation of power networks state for the operations staff, guarantee that the safe and stable operation of the AC/DC interconnected system of expanding day has important practical significance.
Commutation failure is the result of dynamic interaction between the ac and dc systems, and its generating process is very complicated, and is not only closely related, also relevant with grid structure and the method for operation of AC system with the method for operation of straight-flow system, control etc.The research means of determining at present to cause the fault in ac transmission system collection of direct current commutation failure mainly is to adopt the electromagnetic transient simulation programs such as PSCAD/EMTDC, RTDS to carry out emulation, after AC network carried out equivalence, by setting up the detailed model of ac and dc systems, the commutation dynamic process of artificial actual converter valve, thus determine whether fault in ac transmission system can cause the direct current commutation failure.Although this method is comparatively accurate, owing to be subject to electrical network scale and artificial resource, its engineering is used and is very restricted.On the other hand, the electric power system transient stability simulated programs such as BPA, also can be used for studying the interaction of alternating current-direct current, its AC system model is comparatively detailed, straight-flow system then adopts quasi steady state model, and counting yield is than high 2 ~ 3 orders of magnitude of electromagnetic transient simulation program, still because straight-flow system has adopted comparatively simple quasi steady state model, its judgement accuracy to the direct current commutation failure is relatively poor, and engineering practicability is inadequate.Therefore, how to confirm causes that the fault in ac transmission system scope of direct current commutation failure still lacks succinct, efficient and stronger appraisal procedure and the system of engineering practicability of a cover at present.
Existing scheme one
Based on electromagnetic transient in power system simulated programs such as PSCAD/EMTDC, RTDS, after AC system carried out to a certain degree equivalence, set up the detailed electro-magnetic transient model of AC-DC interconnecting power network, the commutation dynamic process that wherein detailed model of transverter can the artificial actual converter valve, current curve by the monitoring converter valve can judge whether the AC network fault can cause the direct current commutation failure, thereby determines to cause the fault in ac transmission system scope of direct current commutation failure.
Existing scheme two
Based on electric power system transient stability simulated programs such as BPA, diverse location arranges dissimilar faults in AC network, wherein straight-flow system is quasi steady state model, fall the extinguish angle that calculates converter valve according to the change of current busbar voltage amplitude that AC fault causes, and then judge whether this AC fault can cause the direct current commutation failure, thereby determine to cause the fault in ac transmission system scope of direct current commutation failure.
The shortcoming of existing scheme one:
Determine based on electromagnetic transient simulations such as PSCAD/EMTDC, RTDS whether fault in ac transmission system can cause the direct current commutation failure, on the basis that is based upon the detailed modeling of AC and DC system, its computation process is consuming time many, the access data amount is large, numerical stability requires high, and along with the expansion of electrical network scale, calculates consuming timely to be multiplied with data access, even the employing dynamic equivalent carries out electromagnetic transient simulation to the alternating current-direct current Large Scale Interconnected Systems and does not also meet the practical implementation requirement.
The shortcoming of existing scheme two:
The transient stability simulated programs such as BPA are because straight-flow system has adopted comparatively simple quasi steady state model, only considered that change of current busbar voltage amplitude falls the impact on commutation failure, cause its judgement accuracy to the direct current commutation failure relatively poor, particularly when AC system generation unbalanced fault, the voltage of change of current bus is no longer symmetrical, phase deviation is not allowed to ignore to the effect of commutation failure, and then the judgement accuracy of commutation failure can further reduce, and can't satisfy the requirement of engineering practicability.
Therefore, prior art has yet to be improved and developed.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method and system of determining to cause the fault in ac transmission system scope of direct current commutation failure, it is consuming time many to be intended to solve existing computation process, and the access data amount is large, and numerical stability requires high, judges the relatively poor problem of accuracy.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows: a kind of method of determining to cause the fault in ac transmission system scope of direct current commutation failure, and it may further comprise the steps:
Step S1, emulation are prepared, and determine AC network scope and the electric network data that will assess;
Step S2, determine critical extinction angle;
Step S3, utilize Short Circuit Calculation Program in Electric Power System to the fault in AC network scope traversal, voltage magnitude and the phase angle shift of change of current bus when calculating the AC network fault;
Step S4, calculate extinguish angle under the corresponding fault according to the extinguish angle of converter valve and relation between the change of current busbar voltage, cause the direct current commutation failure if its value is then judged less than the setting valve of extinguish angle, otherwise can not cause commutation failure;
Step S5, assessment AC fault affect the scope of direct current commutation failure, differentiation result according to step S4, the AC fault scope is divided into causes the direct current commutation failure, may cause direct current commutation failure and inevitable three aspects of direct current commutation failure that can not cause, thereby the assessment AC fault affects the scope of direct current commutation failure.
The described method of determining to cause the fault in ac transmission system scope of direct current commutation failure wherein, comprises single-phase earthing, line to line fault, line to line fault ground connection and three-phase ground to the fault traversal scope in the AC network scope.
The described method of determining to cause the fault in ac transmission system scope of direct current commutation failure wherein, according to the extinguish angle of converter valve and the pass between the change of current busbar voltage is:
Figure BDA00002711608500041
In the formula: U [0]Be Inverter Station bus line voltage magnitude before the fault; γ 0Direct current extinguish angle for the operation of fault presteady state; β 0Be the more front Trigger Angle of direct current before the fault; U is Inverter Station bus line voltage magnitude after the fault; γ is direct current extinguish angle after the fault;
Figure BDA00002711608500042
Reach angle for Inverter Station busbar voltage phase place before and after the fault.
The described method of determining to cause the fault in ac transmission system scope of direct current commutation failure, wherein, it is 18 ° that the extinguish angle lowest critical value is adjusted.
A kind of system that determines to cause the fault in ac transmission system scope of direct current commutation failure, it comprises:
Realization utilizes the short circuit calculation module that the fault in the AC network that will consider is carried out the function of traverse scanning, thereby obtains the voltage magnitude at DC converter bus place and the emulation module of phase angle shift;
Utilizing the simulation data result of emulation module, mainly is voltage magnitude and the phase angle shift of change of current bus, and the substitution criterion is calculated extinguish angle, judges whether corresponding fault in ac transmission system can cause the parsing module of direct current commutation failure;
Determine to cause the evaluation module of function of the fault in ac transmission system scope of direct current commutation failure.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: the present invention only need utilize short-circuit current calculation program and commutation failure analytic criterion to finish, do not rely on the model of straight-flow system, realized the Decoupling Analysis of ac and dc systems, for the differentiation of commutation failure provides a kind of efficient, accurate method, so that the existing appraisal procedure of assess effectiveness greatly improves, grasp for the operations staff, the running status of assessment ac and dc systems, in time take measures to carry out the improvement of running status, and the corresponding urgent prediction scheme of formulation, reduce the generation of follow-up commutation failure, thereby reduce the impact to AC network, guarantee that the safe operation of AC/DC interconnected system all is significant.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of steps of method provided by the invention.
Fig. 2 is system chart provided by the invention.
Embodiment
For making purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer, clear and definite, developing simultaneously referring to accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in more detail for embodiment.
In the short-circuit current calculation program of electric system, during fault in ac transmission system, straight-flow system does not provide short-circuit current, is equivalent to open circuit, so the voltage magnitude at change of current bus place and phase angle are not subjected to the impact of straight-flow system.In addition, when ignoring change of current busbar voltage and change the DC line curent change cause, has definite corresponding relation between the extinguish angle of converter valve and the change of current busbar voltage.Therefore, judge whether AC fault can cause that another thinking of direct current commutation failure is by Short Circuit Calculation Program in Electric Power System monitoring change of current busbar voltage phasor, relation according to change of current busbar voltage phasor and converter valve extinguish angle is extrapolated extinguish angle, when extinguish angle during less than given critical extinction angle, namely judge straight-flow system generation commutation failure.This thinking only needs to try to achieve change of current busbar voltage amplitude and the phase deviation size that AC fault causes by short-circuit current calculation program and gets final product, and does not rely on the modeling of straight-flow system, thereby can realize the Decoupling Analysis of AC and DC system.
Short Circuit Calculation Program in Electric Power System is electric system systematic analysis instrument commonly used, have facility, efficiently, characteristics fast, can with the data file interactive interfacing of electric power system tide and transient stability analysis program.After the definite fault in ac transmission system scope that will consider, by short-circuit current calculation program, and adopt existing electric network swim data file and stable data file just can carry out the calculating of short-circuit current traverse scanning to the symmetry in the fault coverage and unbalanced fault situation, thereby the voltage (comprising amplitude and phase angle) of change of current bus when dissimilar fault occurs acquisition AC network diverse location.
The principle that root is above-mentioned, during fault in ac transmission system, the cut-off streaming system is constant current source, thinks that namely fault front and back DC current size is constant.Before the fault, the expression formula that can get DC current according to the commutation principle of transverter is:
I d [ 0 ] = 2 U [ 0 ] 2 n X C ( cos γ 0 - cos β 0 ) - - - ( 1 )
In the formula: I D[0]Be DC current before the fault; U [0]Be Inverter Station bus line voltage magnitude before the fault; N is the no-load voltage ratio of converter power transformer; X CCommutating reactance for the inverter AC; γ 0Direct current extinguish angle for the operation of fault presteady state; β 0Be the more front Trigger Angle of direct current before the fault.
After the fault, the response of straight-flow system controller and the Turn Ratio Changing of converter power transformer all need the regular hour, so instant of failure β and n remain unchanged, consider that unbalanced fault makes commutation line voltage zero-cross point reach angle
Figure BDA00002711608500061
The time, can get that the expression formula of DC current is after the fault:
In the formula: I dBe DC current after the fault; U is Inverter Station bus line voltage magnitude after the fault; γ is direct current extinguish angle after the fault; β is the more front Trigger Angle of direct current after the fault; Reach angle for Inverter Station busbar voltage phase place before and after the fault.
Can be got by formula (2):
Figure BDA00002711608500064
By above analyzing as can be known I D[0]=I d, β 00So, can be got by formula (1) and formula (3):
Figure BDA00002711608500065
Utilize the result of calculation of short-circuit current calculation program, the voltage magnitude of change of current bus and phase angle shift substitution formula (4) can be tried to achieve extinguish angle γ during fault, itself and critical extinction angle setting valve are compared, when its during less than setting valve, namely judge inverter generation commutation failure.
The specific practice of AC fault collection that causes the direct current commutation failure based on the assessment of AC/DC decoupling is as follows:
At first, determine AC network scope and the critical extinction angle that to assess;
Secondly, utilize short-circuit current calculation program to the fault in the AC network scope (comprising single-phase earthing, line to line fault, line to line fault ground connection, three-phase ground) traversal, and voltage magnitude and the phase deviation situation at scanning change of current bus place;
Then calculate the extinguish angle under the corresponding fault according to the extinguish angle of converter valve with relation (seeing formula 4) between the change of current busbar voltage, cause the direct current commutation failure if its value is then judged less than the setting valve of extinguish angle, otherwise can not cause commutation failure;
At last, according to emulation and parsing result of calculation the AC fault scope is divided, comprise to cause the direct current commutation failure, may causing the direct current commutation failure (considering emulation and the error of calculation) and inevitable can not cause three aspects of direct current commutation failure, and comprehensively each trouble spot situation is finally finished the assessment of the AC fault collection that causes commutation failure.
Referring to Fig. 1, interacting based on the alternating current-direct current of ac and dc systems decoupling zero causes that the basic step of direct current commutation failure appraisal procedure is as follows:
Step S1, emulation are prepared, and determine the simulation calculation instrument that appraisal procedure uses, and are ready to the required electric network data of emulation, the AC network scope that clearly will consider and the monitoring target in the simulation process.
Step S2, determine critical extinction angle γ Min, because converter valve has no progeny in the pass and also need to make the compound process of charge carrier, so extinguish angle γ must be enough large, make converter valve have the sufficiently long time to be under the reverse voltage effect, to guarantee that just the valve of shutoff can recover blocking ability fully.If extinguish angle is too little, cause easily commutation failure, this will ask the extinguish angle γ of inverter that a minimum value must be arranged.Increase the commutation failure probability that extinguish angle γ can reduce inverter effectively, but the increase at γ angle can reduce the reactive power consumption of the through-put power of straight-flow system, the power factor that reduces invertor operation, increase system, this just requires the γ angle as far as possible smaller.
During invertor operation, if the γ angle of certain valve less than lowest critical value, just inevitably commutation failure will occur.In order to make inverter can bear to a certain degree disturbance, the γ angle in the actual motion must be greater than its critical value, and enough nargin is arranged.To the high-pressure valve that thyristor consists of, the extinguish angle lowest critical value is about 6 ° ~ 10 °, and generally adjusting during engineering is used is 18 °.
Voltage magnitude and the phase angle of step S3, simulation calculation change of current bus utilize Short Circuit Calculation Program in Electric Power System, voltage magnitude and the phase angle shift of change of current bus when calculating the AC network fault.
Whether step S4, differentiation cause commutation failure, voltage magnitude and the phase angle shift substitution analytical analysis criterion formula (4) of the change of current bus that emulation is obtained, calculate extinguish angle, itself and setting valve are compared, if extinguish angle, judges then that corresponding fault in ac transmission system can cause the direct current commutation failure less than setting valve; Otherwise, then can not cause commutation failure.
Step S5, assessment AC fault affect the scope of direct current commutation failure, differentiation result according to step S4, the AC fault scope is divided into will inevitably cause the direct current commutation failure, may cause the direct current commutation failure (considering emulation and the error of calculation) and inevitable three aspects of direct current commutation failure that can not cause, thereby the assessment AC fault affects the scope of direct current commutation failure.
Based on the alternating current-direct current of ac and dc systems decoupling zero interact the evaluating system that causes the direct current commutation failure basic framework as shown in Figure 2.Described system comprises with lower module:
1) calculation of short-circuit current module
The calculation of short-circuit current module is the emulation tool that the alternating current-direct current interaction causes direct current commutation failure evaluating system, mainly finishes the function of fault scanning and voltage monitoring.
2) emulation module
Emulation module mainly is to realize utilizing the short circuit calculation module that the fault in the AC network that will consider is carried out the function of traverse scanning, thereby obtains voltage magnitude and the phase angle shift at DC converter bus place.
3) parsing module
Utilizing the simulation data result of emulation module, mainly is voltage magnitude and the phase angle shift of change of current bus, and the substitution criterion is calculated extinguish angle, judges whether corresponding fault in ac transmission system can cause the direct current commutation failure.
4) evaluation module
Evaluation module is mainly finished the function of the fault in ac transmission system scope of determining to cause the direct current commutation failure.
The appraisal procedure of determining to cause the AC fault scope of commutation failure proposed by the invention, only need utilize short-circuit current calculation program and commutation failure analytic criterion to finish, do not rely on the model of straight-flow system, realized the Decoupling Analysis of ac and dc systems, for the differentiation of commutation failure provides a kind of efficient, accurate method, so that the existing appraisal procedure of assess effectiveness greatly improves, grasp for the operations staff, the running status of assessment ac and dc systems, in time take measures to carry out the improvement of running status, and the corresponding urgent prediction scheme of formulation, reduce the generation of follow-up commutation failure, thereby reduce the impact to AC network, guarantee that the safe operation of AC/DC interconnected system all is significant.
Should be understood that application of the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned giving an example, for those of ordinary skills, can be improved according to the above description or conversion that all these improvement and conversion all should belong to the protection domain of claims of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. a method of determining to cause the fault in ac transmission system scope of direct current commutation failure is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
Step S1, emulation are prepared, and determine AC network scope and the electric network data that will assess;
Step S2, determine critical extinction angle;
Step S3, utilize Short Circuit Calculation Program in Electric Power System to the fault in AC network scope traversal, voltage magnitude and the phase angle shift of change of current bus when calculating the AC network fault;
Step S4, calculate extinguish angle under the corresponding fault according to the extinguish angle of converter valve and relation between the change of current busbar voltage, cause the direct current commutation failure if its value is then judged less than the setting valve of extinguish angle, otherwise can not cause commutation failure;
Step S5, assessment AC fault affect the scope of direct current commutation failure, differentiation result according to step S4, the AC fault scope is divided into causes the direct current commutation failure, may cause direct current commutation failure and inevitable three aspects of direct current commutation failure that can not cause, thereby the assessment AC fault affects the scope of direct current commutation failure.
2. the method for determining to cause the fault in ac transmission system scope of direct current commutation failure according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, only need utilize short-circuit current calculation program and commutation failure analytic criterion to finish, not rely on the model of straight-flow system, realize the Decoupling Analysis of ac and dc systems.
3. the method for determining to cause the fault in ac transmission system scope of direct current commutation failure according to claim 1 is characterized in that, according to the extinguish angle of converter valve and the pass between the change of current busbar voltage is: In the formula: U [0]Be Inverter Station bus line voltage magnitude before the fault; γ 0Direct current extinguish angle for the operation of fault presteady state; β 0Be the more front Trigger Angle of direct current before the fault; U is Inverter Station bus line voltage magnitude after the fault; γ is direct current extinguish angle after the fault;
Figure FDA00002711608400012
Reach angle for Inverter Station busbar voltage phase place before and after the fault.
4. a system that determines to cause the fault in ac transmission system scope of direct current commutation failure is characterized in that, comprising:
Realization utilizes the short circuit calculation module that the fault in the AC network that will consider is carried out the function of traverse scanning, thereby obtains the voltage magnitude at DC converter bus place and the emulation module of phase angle shift;
Utilizing the simulation data result of emulation module, mainly is voltage magnitude and the phase angle shift of change of current bus, and the substitution criterion is calculated extinguish angle, judges whether corresponding fault in ac transmission system can cause the parsing module of direct current commutation failure;
Determine to cause the evaluation module of function of the fault in ac transmission system scope of direct current commutation failure.
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