CN103105599A - Magnetic resonance receiving coil with high-speed serial interface - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to a magnetic resonance receiving coil with a high-speed serial interface. The magnetic resonance receiving coil is characterized in that a coil array and a magnetic resonance signal receiving front end unit are commonly packed in a coil outer cover, and the magnetic resonance signal receiving front end unit comprises an analog front end channel and a digital front end sending unit, wherein the analog front end channel converts an analog NMR signal of coil induction into a digital NMR signal, and the digital front end sending unit converts parallel digital NMR signals which are outputted by the analog front end channel into serial data, and then the serial data are transmitted to a full digitalization magnetic resonance imaging spectrometer through a high-speed serial data channel. An analog-digital conversion function is arranged in a receiving coil, an inductive NMR signal of the receiving coil directly conducts quantitative sampling, loss of the NMR signals in the process of transmission is reduced, system imaging quality is improved, and the magnetic resonance receiving coil has generality. The magnetic resonance receiving coil removes devices in a link of a traditional magnetic resonance imaging system receiving the NMR signal, reduces systematic material cost, shortens system design debug time, simplifies systematic complexity and reduces system consumption.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of medical imaging diagnostic equipment, be specifically related to a kind of magnetic resonance receive coil with HSSI High-Speed Serial Interface.
Background technology
Magnetic resonance imaging has higher soft tissue contrast and spatial resolution, and has without characteristics such as ionising radiation, not damageds, therefore becomes one of most important means of clinical medicine image check.Along with the development of superconducting magnet technology, the main field of magnetic resonance imaging system improves constantly, and the application of High field strenghth MRI system is more and more extensive.High field strenghth MRI system applies sequence requires more and more higher to signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio), spatial resolution, the image taking speed of system imaging.Affect the key of these three key elements in system for receiving signal link, so how to optimize the reception signal link, become one of main working tasks of developing magnetic resonance system.A lot of magnetic resonance equipment manufacturer has carried out the trial of distinct methods for this reason, for example application number is 201010537429.6 " the MR signal transmission in the local coil device ", application number is the if sampling structure that adopts of report such as system and the equipment of imageable target receiving magnetic resonance signals " be used for from " of 200810212813.1, and namely receiving coil receives after the NMR signal through frequency conversion, gain and adjusts, becomes the relatively low intermediate frequency of a certain frequency after filtering and supply the modulus switching device digitized processing.This has obviously increased a large amount of electron devices in the magnetic resonance receiver, these electron devices can only increase the electronic noise by coil-induced NMR signal, and receiving (receiving cable is greater than 4) application for multi-channel parallel, the system material cost also can be multiplied.The patent No. be ZL200580031185.1's " magnetic resonance receive coil with dynamic range control ", receive signal link and adopt Direct Sampling, carry out data compression after sampling and pass to again the data-carrier store of system imaging for reconstruction process.Although this mode has been cancelled, coil is received the middle frequency conversion link of NMR signal, for guaranteeing enough reception dynamic ranges, need to carry out special processing in order to compress from coil-induced NMR signal to the gain of each receiving cable.For multi-channel parallel receives, this mode need to increase extra gain process device equally, also need to do too much data compression digital signal processing in coil sides in addition, this is concerning the receiving coil of noise sensitivity especially, reduced in a way its receiving sensitivity, this report coil versatility is relatively poor in addition, can only be used on its oneself equipment, and maintenance difficulties and maintenance cost are higher relatively.
Summary of the invention
Above-mentioned weak point for prior art, the invention provides a kind of magnetic resonance receive coil with HSSI High-Speed Serial Interface, to optimize magnetic resonance imaging system multi-channel parallel receiving system signal link, solve the High field strenghth MRI NMR(of system magnetic resonance) the signal multi-channel parallel receives that the interconnected complexity of signal link, NMR signal deal with data amount are large, cost of development and the construction cycle is long, between receiving cable isolation poor, receive sensitivity and a series of application difficult points such as signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) is low, versatility is poor.
The technical scheme that the present invention adopts for achieving the above object is: a kind of magnetic resonance receive coil with HSSI High-Speed Serial Interface, it is characterized in that, within coil array and magnetic resonance signal receiving front-end unit were encapsulated in coils overwraps jointly, magnetic resonance signal receiving front-end unit comprised:
AFE (analog front end) passage: convert the simulation of NMR signal of coil array induction to digital NMR signal; Receive sample-synchronous signal, the bandwidth selection signal of digital front-end transmitting element;
The digital front-end transmitting element: the parallel digital NMR signal transformed into serial data with many AFE (analog front end) passage outputs is sent to totally digitilized magnetic resonance imaging spectrometer by the high-speed serial data passage; And reception is from radio frequency gate-control signal and the clock sync signal of totally digitilized magnetic resonance imaging spectrometer; Send off resonance and control signal to coil array.
Described AFE (analog front end) passage comprises low noise amplifier, BREATHABLE BANDWIDTH wave filter, the analog to digital converter that is linked in sequence.
Each coil loop in described coil array is connected with an AFE (analog front end) passage.
Described many AFE (analog front end) passages export a digital front-end transmitting element to.
Described digital front-end transmitting element comprises:
Numeral serial coding unit: be used for the digital NMR signal transformed into serial data with the output of AFE (analog front end) passage, and be sent to totally digitilized magnetic resonance imaging spectrometer by the high-speed serial data passage;
Front end management unit: the radio frequency gate-control signal that receives totally digitilized magnetic resonance imaging spectrometer; The output off resonance controls signal to coil, and output sample-synchronous signal is to the analog to digital converter of AFE (analog front end) passage, and output bandwidth selects signal to the wave filter of AFE (analog front end) passage; Output encoder controls signal to digital serial coding unit;
Clock Managing Unit: the synchronizing signal that receives totally digitilized magnetic resonance imaging spectrometer; The output sampling clock is to the AFE (analog front end) passage; Output high-frequency clock and system clock are to digital serial coding unit;
Power Management Unit: the dormant control signal of receiving front-end administrative unit; And power for digital serial coding unit, Clock Managing Unit and AFE (analog front end) passage.
Described digital serial coding unit comprises data receiver buffer cell, data encoding unit, high speed serialization coding unit and driver element;
The data receiver buffer cell receives data channel associated clock signal and the data of analog to digital converter in the AFE (analog front end) passage, also the system clock of receive clock administrative unit and reset signal, export parallel NMR data to data encoding unit and high speed serialization coding unit with the digital NMR data of AFE (analog front end) passage under different clocks is controlled;
The high-frequency clock of data encoding unit receive clock administrative unit and coding control signal and reset signal are encoded parallel NMR data and export the high speed serialization coding unit to;
High-frequency clock, system clock and the coding control signal of high speed serialization coding unit receive clock administrative unit become serial data with the parallel NMR data-switching after coding, convert light signal to through driver element, are exported by the high-speed serial data passage.
Described high-speed serial data passage adopts cable or optical fiber, is many.
Described digital serial coding unit adopts special digital integrated circuit or FPGA, and selects without magnetic device or material.
Described magnetic resonance signal receiving front-end unit is encapsulated on same pcb board base by electromagnetic shielding material, and interconnected signal is realized with the high density interconnect technology therebetween.
The present invention has the following advantages:
1. within analog-digital conversion function was positioned at receiving coil, the direct quantised samples of NMR signal to receiving coil is responded to had reduced the NMR signal and has lost in transmitting procedure, has improved the system imaging quality.
2. for hyperchannel receives application, increasing receiving cable quantity simultaneously, the system interconnect line is significantly increase not, has reduced system cost.
3. this has the magnetic resonance receive coil of HSSI High-Speed Serial Interface, has versatility, goes for different types of digital magnetic resonance imaging spectrometer.
4. can grow the NMR signal that distance transmits high speed serialization.
5. hyperchannel receives synchronized sampling.
6. omit the conventional magnetic resonance imaging system and received a series of devices such as frequency mixer, local oscillator, intermediate frequency amplifier, intermediate-frequency filter in the NMR signal link, reduced the system material cost, shortened the system debug time, simplified system complexity, reduced system power dissipation.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the magnetic resonance coil system applies block diagram with HSSI High-Speed Serial Interface;
Fig. 2 is that the magnetic resonance coil with HSSI High-Speed Serial Interface consists of block diagram;
Fig. 3 is that digital serial coding unit consists of block diagram;
Fig. 4 is front end management unit block diagram;
Fig. 5 is the Power Management Unit block diagram;
Fig. 6 is 1.5T 8 passage phased array 1 channel serial delivery coil block diagrams.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Be illustrated in figure 1 as the magnetic resonance coil system applies block diagram with HSSI High-Speed Serial Interface.Whole imaging system is comprised of totally digitilized magnetic resonance imaging spectrometer, doctor's operator's console 9, digital RF power amplifier, digital gradient amplifier, magnet management and patient monitoring front end, main magnet 4, radio-frequency coil 5, gradient coil 6, the parts such as High Speed Serial receiving coil that are made of coil array 1 and magnetic resonance signal receiving front-end unit 2 respectively.
Wherein, Full digital spectrometer is integrated special purpose computer and the digitizing NMR signal receiving unit that is connected with this special purpose computer, digitizing radio-frequency (RF) excited transmitting element, digitizing gradient waveform transmitting element and digitizing magnet are managed and the patient monitoring unit; Transmitting element, the management of digitizing gradient waveform transmitting element and digitizing magnet and patient monitoring unit;
Wherein, digitizing NMR signal receiving unit has L high speed serialization NMR signal data receiving cable, and each receiving cable is connected with the high speed serialization NMR signal data sendaisle of receiving coil;
Wherein, digitizing radio-frequency (RF) excited transmitting element is connected with the digital RF power amplifier, and digitizing radio-frequency (RF) excited waveform is sent to the digital RF power amplifier;
Wherein, digitizing gradient waveform transmitting element is connected with the digital gradient amplifier, and the digitizing gradient waveform is sent to the digital gradient amplifier;
Wherein, digitizing magnet management and patient monitoring unit manage with magnet and the patient monitoring front end is connected, and read the work state information of magnet system and to patient's monitor message.
Wherein, main magnet is superconducting magnet, and radio-frequency coil and gradient coil position are in the inner.
As shown in Figure 2, coil array 1 is phased array hyperchannel receiving coil, within this coil array and magnetic resonance signal receiving front-end unit 2 are encapsulated in coils overwraps 3 jointly, form multi-channel magnetic resonance receiving coil parts, the magnetic resonance coil that namely has HSSI High-Speed Serial Interface.These multi-channel magnetic resonance receiving coil parts are placed in magnet bore 7, and patient's examine position 8 is positioned at this multi-channel magnetic resonance receiving coil parts;
AFE (analog front end) passage in magnetic resonance signal receiving front-end unit comprises low noise amplifier, BREATHABLE BANDWIDTH wave filter, analog to digital converter, adds the analog linearity power supply and jointly consists of Analogous Integrated Electronic Circuits; Digital front-end transmitting element in magnetic resonance signal receiving front-end unit is comprised of digital circuit, the implementation of magnetic resonance signal receiving front-end unit is analog-digital hybrid integrated circuit or discrete device, and no matter which kind of implementation is all to realize without magnetic device or material.
Magnetic resonance signal receiving front-end unit, be analog-digital hybrid circuit, integrated N AFE (analog front end) (N is integer) and N/M digital front-end transmitting element (N is the integral multiple of M), each AFE (analog front end), a receiving cable of corresponding receiving coil, the port number that each digital front-end transmitting element is processed are N/M (N is the integral multiple of M).
AFE (analog front end) passage and analog linearity power supply and digital front-end transmitting element are encapsulated on same pcb board base by electromagnetic shielding material, interconnected signal is with the HDI(high density interconnect therebetween) technology realizes, the switching noise that AFE (analog front end) and digital front-end transmitting element separately can effectively reduce digital device exerts an influence to the front end unit of noise-sensitive.
N passage receiving coil component integration N (N is integer) AFE (analog front end), N AFE (analog front end) is corresponding to 1 digital front-end transmitting element, it converts digital magnetic resonance signal to L(L is integer) passage high speed serialization magnetic resonance signal, greatly reduced the interconnect cable between hyperchannel receiving coil parts and imaging spectrometer.
N passage receiving coil parts, N the corresponding L(L of receiving cable is integer) individual high-speed serial data passage, the actual disposition situation is decided according to the concrete receiving coil of using and main field strength, 4 passage TORSO coils as the 1.5T system, in the sample frequency situation of 80MHz, for 16 analog to digital conversion, only need a 6Gbps high-speed serial data passage.
Wherein, low noise amplifier directly is connected with each loop of receiving coil through impedance matching, its low-resistance input characteristics, at utmost reduce the coupling between each passage of receiving coil, its low noise amplification characteristic has at utmost reduced and has been attached to the be coupled electronic noise of NMR signal of coil;
Wherein, the BREATHABLE BANDWIDTH wave filter, bandwidth and Insertion Loss are adjustable continuously, have so increased the stability of coil batch production index, and this function is by the front end management unit controls;
Wherein, analog to digital converter adopts Band-pass Sampling Technology, to simulation of NMR signal Direct Sampling, and the multi-channel parallel synchronized sampling, auto sleep after sampling is completed, the numeral output of current-mode is encapsulated and is made without the magnetic manufacturing process by non-magnetic material.
The digital front-end transmitting element is comprised of digital serial coding unit, front end management unit, Clock Managing Unit and Power Management Unit, and its implementation is special digital integrated circuit or FPGA, and no matter which kind of implementation is all to realize without magnetic device or material;
as shown in Figure 3, numeral serial coding unit, comprise AD conversion unit data receiver buffer cell (FIFO), the data encoding unit, the high speed serialization coding unit, test data storage unit and driver element, the digital NMR signal data of receive data buffer unit buffers digital-to-analog conversion wherein, the data encoding unit is under Clock Managing Unit is read clock control, read the digital NMR signal data of buffer cell, (the 8B/10B coding is fit to long using apart from the transmission of NMR signal) is by the high speed serialization coding unit after the coding such as 8B/10B of certain format, be converted to highspeed serial data stream and be sent to the digitizing NMR signal receiving unit of Full digital spectrometer through driving.
as shown in Figure 4, the front end management unit, by coil off resonance module, receive the bandwidth selection module, the sample-synchronous module, coding control module, time control module and energy supply control module form, function corresponding to each module is that coil is controlled function, filter bandwidht and Insertion Loss are controlled function, the sample-synchronous function, the coding mode selection function, time control function and power control function, coil is controlled function and is realized in radio-frequency (RF) excited transmitting time section, make the initiatively function of off resonance of front end management unit auto sleep and coil, at utmost reduce digital device in coil to the impact of imaging system, the function of controlling filter bandwidht and Insertion Loss realizes carrying out digital control to bandwidth and the Insertion Loss of wave filter, the sample-synchronous function is controlled hyperchannel digital-to-analog conversion synchronized sampling, the coding mode selection function realizes the selection of coded system and the function that serial code is disorderly put, time control function is to Clock Managing Unit monitoring and calibration, power control function is controlled various eye and the wake operation of stopping of Power Management Unit.
As shown in Figure 5, Power Management Unit, low noise linear power supply duty and the control of monitoring AFE (analog front end) passage make its dormancy, and monitoring digital front-end transmitting element working power duty and control make its dormancy.
Wherein, Clock Managing Unit receives the synchronizing signal from Full digital spectrometer, and adjusts the phase place of analog to digital conversion sampling clock according to this signal; Provide work clock (being system clock) to the high speed serialization coding unit; Provide high speed serialization encoded clock (being high-frequency clock) to the high speed serialization coding unit; Provide sampling clock to analog to digital converter.
Embodiment: 1.5T 8 passage phased array 1 channel serial delivery coils, as shown in Figure 6.
8 passage phased array head coil 1 channel serial delivery coils receive loops by 8 NMR signals respectively and consist of, and 8 loops surround examine position-cranium brain, each coil consists of standing wave resonator, at 63.86MHz place resonance, impedance matching to 50 Ω forms uniform B1 field in the inspection area.Each coil loop output links with an AFE (analog front end) passage, the AFE (analog front end) passage is sent to the digital front-end transmitting element with digitized NMR signal, 8 AFE (analog front end) passages send the front end transmitting element corresponding to 1 numeral, are sent to Full digital spectrometer after 8 digital NMR signal serial codes that the digital front-end transmitting element will receive.Take AFE (analog front end) passage 80MHz sampling, 16 analog to digital conversion as example, the NMR data NMR signal transmission rate 80MHz*16*8=10.24Gbps of digital front-end transmitting element, so can complete the NMR signal data transformation task of 8 passage phased array head coils with a NMR data channel, saved the NMR signal transmission work of at least 8 coaxial cables of tradition, interconnection line in coil and interface is corresponding greatly reducing also, the outward appearance of head coil also can design more humane, miniaturization, reduces examine patient's Psychological inadaptability with frightened.
Claims (9)
1. the magnetic resonance receive coil with HSSI High-Speed Serial Interface, is characterized in that, within coil array (1) and magnetic resonance signal receiving front-end unit (2) were encapsulated in coils overwraps (3) jointly, magnetic resonance signal receiving front-end unit comprised:
AFE (analog front end) passage: convert the simulation of NMR signal of coil array induction to digital NMR signal; Receive sample-synchronous signal, the bandwidth selection signal of digital front-end transmitting element;
The digital front-end transmitting element: the parallel digital NMR signal transformed into serial data with many AFE (analog front end) passage outputs is sent to totally digitilized magnetic resonance imaging spectrometer by the high-speed serial data passage; And reception is from radio frequency gate-control signal and the clock sync signal of totally digitilized magnetic resonance imaging spectrometer; Send off resonance and control signal to coil array.
2. the magnetic resonance receive coil with HSSI High-Speed Serial Interface according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described AFE (analog front end) passage comprises low noise amplifier, BREATHABLE BANDWIDTH wave filter, the analog to digital converter that is linked in sequence.
3. the magnetic resonance receive coil with HSSI High-Speed Serial Interface according to claim 1, is characterized in that, each coil loop in described coil array is connected with an AFE (analog front end) passage.
4. the magnetic resonance receive coil with HSSI High-Speed Serial Interface according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described many AFE (analog front end) passages export a digital front-end transmitting element to.
5. the magnetic resonance receive coil with HSSI High-Speed Serial Interface according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described digital front-end transmitting element comprises:
Numeral serial coding unit: be used for the digital NMR signal transformed into serial data with the output of AFE (analog front end) passage, and be sent to totally digitilized magnetic resonance imaging spectrometer by the high-speed serial data passage;
Front end management unit: the radio frequency gate-control signal that receives totally digitilized magnetic resonance imaging spectrometer; The output off resonance controls signal to coil, and output sample-synchronous signal is to the analog to digital converter of AFE (analog front end) passage, and output bandwidth selects signal to the wave filter of AFE (analog front end) passage; Output encoder controls signal to digital serial coding unit;
Clock Managing Unit: the synchronizing signal that receives totally digitilized magnetic resonance imaging spectrometer; The output sampling clock is to the AFE (analog front end) passage; Output high-frequency clock and system clock are to digital serial coding unit;
Power Management Unit: the dormant control signal of receiving front-end administrative unit; And power for digital serial coding unit, Clock Managing Unit and AFE (analog front end) passage.
6. the magnetic resonance receive coil with HSSI High-Speed Serial Interface according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described digital serial coding unit comprises data receiver buffer cell, data encoding unit, high speed serialization coding unit and driver element;
The data receiver buffer cell receives data channel associated clock signal and the data of analog to digital converter in the AFE (analog front end) passage, also the system clock of receive clock administrative unit and reset signal, export parallel NMR data to data encoding unit and high speed serialization coding unit with the digital NMR data of AFE (analog front end) passage under different clocks is controlled; The high-frequency clock of data encoding unit receive clock administrative unit and coding control signal and reset signal are encoded parallel NMR data and export the high speed serialization coding unit to;
High-frequency clock, system clock and the coding control signal of high speed serialization coding unit receive clock administrative unit become serial data with the parallel NMR data-switching after coding, convert light signal to through driver element, are exported by the high-speed serial data passage.
7. the magnetic resonance receive coil with HSSI High-Speed Serial Interface according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described high-speed serial data passage adopts cable or optical fiber, is many.
8. the magnetic resonance receive coil with HSSI High-Speed Serial Interface according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described digital serial coding unit adopts special digital integrated circuit or FPGA, and selects without magnetic device or material.
9. the magnetic resonance receive coil with HSSI High-Speed Serial Interface according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described magnetic resonance signal receiving front-end unit is encapsulated on same pcb board base by electromagnetic shielding material, and interconnected signal is realized with the high density interconnect technology therebetween.
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| CN108663645B (en) * | 2017-03-31 | 2021-09-17 | 西门子(深圳)磁共振有限公司 | Local coil, local coil control system, and local coil unit control circuit |
| CN109490804A (en) * | 2017-09-12 | 2019-03-19 | 胜美达集团株式会社 | High frequency magnetic field generation device |
| CN109490804B (en) * | 2017-09-12 | 2022-05-31 | 胜美达集团株式会社 | High-frequency magnetic field generating device |
| CN112147555A (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2020-12-29 | 西门子(深圳)磁共振有限公司 | Respiratory signal separation method, device and system |
| CN112147555B (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2024-04-16 | 西门子(深圳)磁共振有限公司 | Respiratory signal separation method, device and system |
| CN114114113A (en) * | 2020-08-31 | 2022-03-01 | 西门子(深圳)磁共振有限公司 | Receiving coil and magnetic resonance imaging apparatus |
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