CN103105214A - Detecting device of coal bunker material level - Google Patents
Detecting device of coal bunker material level Download PDFInfo
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- CN103105214A CN103105214A CN2013100214881A CN201310021488A CN103105214A CN 103105214 A CN103105214 A CN 103105214A CN 2013100214881 A CN2013100214881 A CN 2013100214881A CN 201310021488 A CN201310021488 A CN 201310021488A CN 103105214 A CN103105214 A CN 103105214A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a detecting device of coal bunker material level. The detecting device of the coal bunker material level comprises a power supply module, a singlechip control module, a detecting module and a communication module. The power supply module uses three routes of independent power supplies which are respectively used for signal acquisition, singlechip control and communication. The singlechip control module receives data information from the detecting module, processes the data information and transmits the data information to the communication module to do long-distance communication. The detecting module is jointly composed of a mechanical part and an electrical part. The mechanical part is used for detecting lateral pressure signals of the inner wall of the coal bunker and the electric part is used for conducting transformation of electrical signals. The mechanical part and the electric part complete the detection of the coal material level jointly. The communication module is used for achieving the transformation between the serial communications of the singlechip and the radio sonde (RS)-485 protocol signals, thus achieving the long-distance communication of the RS-485. The detecting device of the coal bunker material level can not only detect the number of the material inside the coal bunker, but also effectively reduce the cost of a detector instrument and can inform of the workers of the coal bunker or related personnels the information inside the coal bunker timely.
Description
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Technical field
The invention belongs to the electric detective technology field, be specifically related to a kind of coal bunker thing position detecting system, be installed on the coal bunker outer wall as utility appliance.
Background technology
China uses coal big country.Show according to " report of (2012) Energy Development in China ", 2011, Chinese coal consumption was 34.25 hundred million tons, accounts for nearly 7 one-tenth of primary energy total quantity consumed.And coal relates to storage problem, often stores with coal bunker.The interior environment of present stage coal bunker has following some characteristic:
1, inner high dust fills the air, and is unglazed, and visibility is zero;
2, the coal bunker inwall is due to Long contact time coal dust coal dust, thereby easily occurs hardening or hang the situations such as coal;
3, the inner coal dust of coal bunker fills the air slightly gas, belongs to inflammable and explosive environment.
Thereby in coal bunker, the material level detection is a crux that has realistic meaning and have technical barrier always.Present stage, China's mode of being usually used in the coal bunker material had: Weight type, ultrasonic echo detection, detections of radar etc., and these separately applicable situations all in the Practical Project field, also each defectiveness exists simultaneously.The Weight type detection method exists that mission life is short, maintenance capacity is large, running part frequently rotates the problems such as easy bite, the ultrasound examination mode exist testing result unstable, easily be subject to the problems such as noise and dust interference, there are the problems such as initial investment cost height in the detections of radar mode.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is intended to solve the problem that the initial investment cost is high, the later period maintenance workload is large that exists in existing detection technique, is directed to high dust, high noisy, visibility and is zero and a kind of coal bunker thing position detecting system of proposing of inner inflammable and explosive coal bunker environment.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this:
A kind of coal bunker material detection system comprises power module, single chip control module, detection module and communication module, it is characterized in that:
Described power module adopts three road independent current sources, is respectively used to signals collecting, Single-chip Controlling and communication,
Described single chip control module receives the data message from detection module, and communication module is processed and be sent to this information makes it carry out telecommunication;
Described detection module is made of jointly mechanical part and electric part, and mechanical part is for detection of coal bunker inwall side direction pressure signal, and electric part is used for carrying out the conversion of electric signal, both jointly completes the detection to coal charge thing position;
Described communication module for the conversion that realizes between Investigation into Serial Communication of One-chip Computer signal and RS-485 protocol signal, thereby is realized long-range RS-485 communication.
described power module comprises the step-down rectifier part, filtering and voltage stabilizing part, wherein step-down rectifier partly comprises step-down transformer T1, T2, T3 and commutation diode D19, D20, D21, D22, D24, D25, D26, D27, D28, D29, D30, D31, wherein the negative electrode of the anode of D19 and D24 is connected together and the end of connection transformer T1, the anode of D20 and the negative electrode of D25 are connected together and the other end of connection transformer T1, the negative electrode of D19 and D20 is connected to form the positive pole of rectification output, the anode of D24 and D25 is connected to form the negative pole of rectification output, similarly the negative electrode of the anode of D21 and D26 is connected together and the end of connection transformer T2, the anode of D22 and the negative electrode of D27 are connected together and the other end of connection transformer T2, the negative electrode of D21 and D22 is connected to form the positive pole of rectification output, the anode of D26 and D27 is connected to form the negative pole of rectification output, the anode of D28 and the negative electrode of D30 are connected together and the end of connection transformer T3, the anode of D29 and the negative electrode of D31 are connected together and the other end of connection transformer T3, the negative electrode of D28 and D29 is connected to form the positive pole of rectification output, the anode of D30 and D31 is connected to form the negative pole of rectification output,
filtering and voltage stabilizing partly comprise three, first is the stabilized voltage supply of single chip control module, comprise voltage stabilizing chip LM2596, input capacitance C4, regulate inductance L 1, receive diode V1, output capacitance C5, wherein the input end pin 1 of voltage stabilizing chip LM2596 connects the negative electrode of commutation diode D19, the input end pin 1 of the positive polarity termination voltage stabilizing chip LM2596 of input capacitance C4, negative polarity end ground connection, receive the output terminal pin 2 of diode V1 negative polarity termination voltage stabilizing chip LM2596, positive ends ground connection, regulate the output terminal pin 2 of a termination voltage stabilizing chip LM2596 of inductance L 1, other end output+5V voltage connects the positive source of control module, the positive polarity termination control module positive source of output capacitance C5, negative polarity end ground connection, second is the stabilized voltage supply of signal acquisition module, comprise LM7812 voltage stabilizing chip, input filtering capacitor C 6, output terminal filter capacitor C7, C8, the input end 1 of LM7812 connects the negative electrode of commutation diode D21,2 pin ground connection, and 3 pin connect the positive source of signal acquisition module, the input end 1 of the positive polarity termination LM7812 of capacitor C 6, negative polarity end ground connection, the output terminal 3 of the positive polarity termination LM7812 of capacitor C 7, negative polarity end ground connection, the output terminal 3 of the termination LM7812 of C8, other end ground connection, the 3rd is the stabilized voltage supply of communication module, comprise voltage stabilizing chip LM2596, input capacitance C9, regulate inductance L 2, receive diode V2, output capacitance C10, wherein the input end pin 1 of voltage stabilizing chip LM2596 connects the negative electrode of commutation diode D28, the input end pin 1 of the positive polarity termination voltage stabilizing chip LM2596 of input capacitance C9, negative polarity end ground connection, receive the output terminal pin 2 of diode V2 negative polarity termination voltage stabilizing chip LM2596, positive ends ground connection, regulate the output terminal pin 2 of a termination voltage stabilizing chip LM2596 of inductance L 2, it is anodal that other end output+5V voltage is connected the news modular power source, it is anodal that the positive ends of output capacitance C10 is connected the news modular power source, negative polarity end ground connection.
described single chip control module comprises the single-chip microcomputer main control chip, crystal oscillating circuit, reset circuit, wherein crystal oscillating circuit is by capacitor C 2, capacitor C 3, crystal oscillator Y1 forms, capacitor C 2 one end ground connection wherein, other end order sheet owner is controlled the input end of clock XTAL1 of chip, capacitor C 3 one end ground connection, other end order sheet owner is controlled the input end of clock XTAL2 of chip, crystal oscillator Y1 is connected to the two ends of single-chip microcomputer main control chip input end of clock XTAL1 and XTAL2, reset circuit is by capacitor C 1, button S4, resistance R 7 forms, resistance R 7 one end ground connection wherein, other end order sheet owner is controlled the reset terminal RST of chip, button S4 one termination power, other end order sheet owner is controlled the reset terminal RST of chip, capacitor C 1 one termination load power sources, the other end meets single-chip microcomputer reset terminal RST.
Described detection module is comprised of mechanical part and electric part, described mechanical part is comprised of detection head, mechanical driving device, spring and electrode, its electrode part is connected respectively at two pins of optical coupling isolator switch that output terminal connects, the signal that mechanical part detects is that having or not of coal charge lateral pressure signal born in coal bunker body of wall differing heights place, and by the judgement signal of this signal as coal position height in coal bunker; Described electric part is comprised of 16 identical circuit modules of circuit structure, each module is comprised of photoelectrical coupler, high-brightness LED, keyswitch or electrode contacts, optocoupler input end current-limiting resistance, optocoupler output terminal pull-up resistor, 1 pin of optocoupler is connected to the 12V power supply by an input end current-limiting resistance, 2 pin connect the positive pole of LED, the LED negative pole connects button one end, button other end ground connection, optocoupler 3 pin ground connection, 4 pin are connected to the 5V power supply by an output terminal pull-up resistor.
described communication module is comprised of three photoelectrical couplers and transition of communications chip SN75LBC184, wherein, the R end of SN75LBC184 is signal receiving end, connect the RXD end of single-chip microcomputer by optical coupling isolation circuit, R termination optocoupler 2 pin specifically, optocoupler 1 pin connects power supply by current-limiting resistance, optocoupler 3 pin ground connection, 4 pin are connected to power supply by a pull-up resistor, 4 pin also connect the RXD end of single-chip microcomputer simultaneously, the D end is signal sending end, connect the TXD end of single-chip microcomputer by optical coupling isolation circuit, D termination optocoupler 4 pin specifically, 4 pin also are connected to power supply by a pull-up resistor simultaneously, optocoupler 3 pin ground connection, optocoupler 2 pin connect the TXD end of single-chip microcomputer, optocoupler 1 pin is connected to power supply by a current-limiting resistance, RE and DE are respectively the transmitting-receiving control end, connect the single-chip microcomputer control end by optical coupling isolation circuit, specifically RE and DE connect and are attempted by together optocoupler 3 pin, 3 pin are simultaneously by a pull down resistor ground connection, optocoupler 4 pin connect power supply, optocoupler 2 pin connect the single-chip microcomputer control end, optocoupler 1 pin connects power supply by a current-limiting resistance, B end and A end have consisted of RS-485 communication bus end jointly, the A end connects power supply by a pull-up resistor, the B end is by a pull down resistor ground connection, also be connected to an impedance matching resistance between side a and b, the VCC of chip and GND connect respectively VDD-to-VSS in addition.
Good effect of the present invention is that this invention is directed to this particular surroundings of coal bunker and designs, this system detecting device is unique, it is comprised of mechanical part and electric part, the signal that mechanical part detects is that having or not of coal charge lateral pressure signal born in coal bunker body of wall differing heights place, and by the judgement signal of this signal as coal position height in coal bunker, electric part is mainly a signal isolation and transmission circuit that is made of optocoupler.Because coal bunker has inner high dust and the characteristics such as inflammable and explosive.By this detection system, can detect what of coal bunker materials inside, effectively reduce the Cost Problems of pick-up unit instrument simultaneously, and the storehouse internal information is in time informed coal bunker workman and related personnel thereof.Therefore the present invention has simple in structure, easy for installation, simple and reliable and the characteristics being convenient to expand of circuit, be very suitable for the cheap solution that the coal bunker material detects, the problem that the initial investment cost is high, the later period maintenance workload is large that exists in existing detection technique be can effectively solve, high dust, high noisy, visibility are applicable to and are zero and inner inflammable and explosive coal bunker environment.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is module annexation block diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is step-down in the present invention and the circuit diagram of rectification module.
Fig. 3 is 7812 voltage stabilizings in the present invention and the circuit diagram of power supply indicating module.
Fig. 4 is 2596 voltage stabilizings in the present invention and the circuit diagram of power supply indicating module.
Fig. 5 is the circuit diagram of the single chip control module in the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the circuit diagram of the optocoupler signal acquisition module in the present invention.
Fig. 7 is the circuit diagram of RS-485 communication module of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is the circuit diagram of the mechanical detection module in the present invention.
Fig. 9 is integrated circuit connection layout of the present invention.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of coal bunker material detection system, comprise power module, single chip control module, detection module and communication module, described power module adopts three road independent current sources, be respectively used to signals collecting, Single-chip Controlling and communication, described single chip control module receives the data message from detection module, and communication module is processed and be sent to this information makes it carry out telecommunication; Described detection module is made of jointly mechanical part and electric part, and mechanical part is for detection of coal bunker inwall side direction pressure signal, and electric part is used for carrying out the conversion of electric signal, both jointly completes the detection to coal charge thing position; Described communication module for the conversion that realizes between Investigation into Serial Communication of One-chip Computer signal and RS-485 protocol signal, thereby is realized long-range RS-485 communication.
as shown in Figure 2, described power module comprises the step-down rectifier part, filtering and voltage stabilizing part, wherein step-down rectifier partly comprises step-down transformer T1, T2, T3 and commutation diode D19, D20, D21, D22, D24, D25, D26, D27, D28, D29, D30, D31, wherein the negative electrode of the anode of D19 and D24 is connected together and the end of connection transformer T1, the anode of D20 and the negative electrode of D25 are connected together and the other end of connection transformer T1, the negative electrode of D19 and D20 is connected to form the positive pole of rectification output, the anode of D24 and D25 is connected to form the negative pole of rectification output, similarly the negative electrode of the anode of D21 and D26 is connected together and the end of connection transformer T2, the anode of D22 and the negative electrode of D27 are connected together and the other end of connection transformer T2, the negative electrode of D21 and D22 is connected to form the positive pole of rectification output, the anode of D26 and D27 is connected to form the negative pole of rectification output, the anode of D28 and the negative electrode of D30 are connected together and the end of connection transformer T3, the anode of D29 and the negative electrode of D31 are connected together and the other end of connection transformer T3, the negative electrode of D28 and D29 is connected to form the positive pole of rectification output, the anode of D30 and D31 is connected to form the negative pole of rectification output,
As shown in Fig. 9,3,4, filtering and voltage stabilizing partly comprise three,
as shown in Figure 4, first is the stabilized voltage supply of single chip control module, comprise voltage stabilizing chip LM2596, input capacitance C4, regulate inductance L 1, receive diode V1, output capacitance C5, wherein the input end pin 1 of voltage stabilizing chip LM2596 connects the negative electrode of commutation diode D19, the input end pin 1 of the positive polarity termination voltage stabilizing chip LM2596 of input capacitance C4, negative polarity end ground connection, receive the output terminal pin 2 of diode V1 negative polarity termination voltage stabilizing chip LM2596, positive ends ground connection, regulate the output terminal pin 2 of a termination voltage stabilizing chip LM2596 of inductance L 1, other end output+5V voltage connects the positive source of control module, the positive polarity termination control module positive source of output capacitance C5, negative polarity end ground connection,
As shown in Figure 3, second is the stabilized voltage supply of signal acquisition module, comprise LM7812 voltage stabilizing chip, input filtering capacitor C 6, output terminal filter capacitor C7, C8, the input end 1 of LM7812 connects the negative electrode of commutation diode D21,2 pin ground connection, 3 pin connect the positive source of signal acquisition module, the input end 1 of the positive polarity termination LM7812 of capacitor C 6, negative polarity end ground connection, the output terminal 3 of the positive polarity termination LM7812 of capacitor C 7, negative polarity end ground connection, the output terminal 3 of the termination LM7812 of C8, other end ground connection;
as shown in Figure 9, the 3rd is the stabilized voltage supply of communication module, comprise voltage stabilizing chip LM2596, input capacitance C9, regulate inductance L 2, receive diode V2, output capacitance C10, wherein the input end pin 1 of voltage stabilizing chip LM2596 connects the negative electrode of commutation diode D28, the input end pin 1 of the positive polarity termination voltage stabilizing chip LM2596 of input capacitance C9, negative polarity end ground connection, receive the output terminal pin 2 of diode V2 negative polarity termination voltage stabilizing chip LM2596, positive ends ground connection, regulate the output terminal pin 2 of a termination voltage stabilizing chip LM2596 of inductance L 2, it is anodal that other end output+5V voltage is connected the news modular power source, it is anodal that the positive ends of output capacitance C10 is connected the news modular power source, negative polarity end ground connection.
as shown in Figure 5, described single chip control module comprises the single-chip microcomputer main control chip, crystal oscillating circuit, reset circuit, wherein crystal oscillating circuit is by capacitor C 2, capacitor C 3, crystal oscillator Y1 forms, capacitor C 2 one end ground connection wherein, other end order sheet owner is controlled the input end of clock XTAL1 of chip, capacitor C 3 one end ground connection, other end order sheet owner is controlled the input end of clock XTAL2 of chip, crystal oscillator Y1 is connected to the two ends of single-chip microcomputer main control chip input end of clock XTAL1 and XTAL2, reset circuit is by capacitor C 1, button S4, resistance R 7 forms, resistance R 7 one end ground connection wherein, other end order sheet owner is controlled the reset terminal RST of chip, button S4 one termination power, other end order sheet owner is controlled the reset terminal RST of chip, capacitor C 1 one termination load power sources, the other end meets single-chip microcomputer reset terminal RST.
As shown in Figure 8, described detection module is comprised of mechanical part and electric part, described mechanical part is comprised of detection head, mechanical driving device, spring and electrode, its electrode part is connected respectively at two pins of optical coupling isolator switch that output terminal connects, the signal that mechanical part detects is that having or not of coal charge lateral pressure signal born in coal bunker body of wall differing heights place, and by the judgement signal of this signal as coal position height in coal bunker; Described electric part is comprised of 16 identical circuit modules of circuit structure, each module is comprised of photoelectrical coupler, high-brightness LED, keyswitch or electrode contacts, optocoupler input end current-limiting resistance, optocoupler output terminal pull-up resistor, 1 pin of optocoupler is connected to the 12V power supply by an input end current-limiting resistance, 2 pin connect the positive pole of LED, the LED negative pole connects button one end, button other end ground connection, optocoupler 3 pin ground connection, 4 pin are connected to the 5V power supply by an output terminal pull-up resistor.
as shown in Figure 7, described communication module is comprised of three photoelectrical couplers and transition of communications chip SN75LBC184, wherein, the R end of SN75LBC184 is signal receiving end, connect the RXD end of single-chip microcomputer by optical coupling isolation circuit, R termination optocoupler 2 pin specifically, optocoupler 1 pin connects power supply by current-limiting resistance, optocoupler 3 pin ground connection, 4 pin are connected to power supply by a pull-up resistor, 4 pin also connect the RXD end of single-chip microcomputer simultaneously, the D end is signal sending end, connect the TXD end of single-chip microcomputer by optical coupling isolation circuit, D termination optocoupler 4 pin specifically, 4 pin also are connected to power supply by a pull-up resistor simultaneously, optocoupler 3 pin ground connection, optocoupler 2 pin connect the TXD end of single-chip microcomputer, optocoupler 1 pin is connected to power supply by a current-limiting resistance, RE and DE are respectively the transmitting-receiving control end, connect the single-chip microcomputer control end by optical coupling isolation circuit, specifically RE and DE connect and are attempted by together optocoupler 3 pin, 3 pin are simultaneously by a pull down resistor ground connection, optocoupler 4 pin connect power supply, optocoupler 2 pin connect the single-chip microcomputer control end, optocoupler 1 pin connects power supply by a current-limiting resistance, B end and A end have consisted of RS-485 communication bus end jointly, the A end connects power supply by a pull-up resistor, the B end is by a pull down resistor ground connection, also be connected to an impedance matching resistance between side a and b, the VCC of chip and GND connect respectively VDD-to-VSS in addition.
Described power module adopts the 220V alternating current, then is divided into three road independent current sources; One the tunnel so supplies with switchgear after passing through the voltage stabilizing of 12V linear Integrated voltage stabilizing chip after transformer pressure-reducing carries out signals collecting again, one the tunnel through supplying with single chip machine controlling circuit after the voltage stabilizing of process LM2596 Switching Power Supply again after transformer pressure-reducing, and one the tunnel through supplying with communication module after the voltage stabilizing of process LM2596 Switching Power Supply again after transformer pressure-reducing.Its specific implementation is that the 220V civil power is reduced to respectively the alternating current (as shown in Figure 2) of 12V left and right through No. three transformers, more respectively through overcommutation and filtering link, obtains the three tunnel less direct currents of pulsation; Two-way is respectively single-chip microcomputer and communication part power supply (as shown in Figure 4) through the switching regulator IC voltage stabilizing of LM2596-5.0 model respectively to 5V, the one tunnel supplies with signal acquisition circuit (as shown in Figure 3) through linear voltage stabilizing chip 7812 voltage stabilizings to 12V.
LM7812 is 3 end integrated voltage-stabilized chips, belongs to the linear voltage stabilization device, can export the fixed voltage of 12V; Its inner integrated overcurrent, overheated and overload protecting circuit can be exported the load current of maximum 1A with heat radiator; Outsidely during use only need connect several filter capacitors and get final product.The LM2596 regulator is voltage-dropping type power management monolithic integrated optical circuit, can export the drive current of 3A, has simultaneously good linearity and load regulation characteristic.Fixing output 5V, the integrated frequency compensation of this device inside and fixed frequency generator, switching frequency are 150KHz, compare with the low frequency switching regulaor, can use the more filter element of small dimension.Because this device only needs 4 outward elements, can use general standard inductance, this has more optimized the use of LM2596, has simplified the design of switching power circuit, has greatly improved the reliability of power supply.
The enhancement mode 51 single-chip microcomputer STC12C5A60S2 of the Chinese macrocrystalline of described single chip control module employing company are as core processor, this single-chip microcomputer adopts macrocrystalline the 6th generation encryption technology to decipher, superpower antijamming capability, speed is fast, many IO mouth (two serial ports, integrated AD conversion), the ram in slice memory space is large, support the power down arousal function, super low-power consumption is applicable to battery power supply system.Cheap, powerful, be highly suitable for native system.Single chip part circuit (as shown in Figure 5) comprises that crystal oscillating circuit provides clock signal for it, reset circuit is realized Self-resetting and hand-reset for it after powering on, and 16 I/O mouths output terminal of connecing optocoupler to be gathering the signal of each sensor node, moreover be Asynchronous Serial Interface with the RS485 communication module be connected to complete remote data communication.Simultaneously unnecessary I/O mouth can use in order to the expansion of function in the future.
Described detection module is made of mechanical part and electric part.Mechanical part is the structure (as shown in Figure 8) that piston that a diameter is 5cm adds spring.Under the Metallic rod state of nature due to the elastic force effect that is subjected to spring, head can expose a part outside the column chamber, when being squeezed power, it can be pressed into the column chamber gradually, when being pressed into to a certain degree, the shell fragment of Metallic rod afterbody will engage with the shell fragment that is fixed on the column chamber, because shell fragment is two electrodes, imports Acquisition Circuit into therefore can produce an electric signal.
Electric part is that to send into from the collection point in the middle of single chip circuit by the electric signal that collects be that coupling by optocoupler realizes, wherein pass through electric signal and arrived again the transfer process of electric signal to light signal, realized electrical isolation, such design is for fear of the phase mutual interference of Acquisition Circuit with control circuit.Concrete principle of work is, the shell fragment contact is equivalent to the switch closed (as shown in Figure 6) in figure, so just connected the inlet circuit of optocoupler, make it send light signal, then make optocoupler output terminal phototriode saturation conduction, the pin drawn high of level became low level in the past, became the signal of single-chip microcomputer judgement.
The main frame that described communication module can be used as a slave and terminal control chamber interrelates, and communication modes is the RS-485 communication.RS-485 is that the balancing twisted-pair line that utilizes that U.S. electric industrial combination meeting (EIA) is formulated is made the multi-point communication standard of transmission line.It adopts differential signal to transmit, and maximum transmission distance can reach 1.2 km, and the receiver minimum sensitivity can reach ± 200 mV, and peak transfer rate can reach 2.5 Mb/s.The RS-485 agreement is the standard of formulating for remote, high sensitivity, multi-point communication.The communication distance of considering this device and main frame is relatively far away, and the excellent properties of the characteristics such as the transmission range of wireless transmission is limited, expensive, jitter lacks reliability and RS-485 communication, and this device has adopted the RS-485 wire communication.That the interface chip of this RS-485 communication module adopts is SN75LBC184, it is half-duplex RS-485 communication chip, chip with Instantaneous high-pressure inhibit feature, can resist the improper high-voltage pulse impact that thunder and lightning, static discharge and alternating current fault cause, reliability is very high, is well suited for to detect under this complicated outdoor environment at the coal bunker material to work; This chip is dual-in-line 8 pin package (as shown in Figure 7), and wherein A, B are the RS-485 bus interface, and RO is receiving end, and DI is transmitting terminal, and RE, DE are the transmitting-receiving Enable Pin.
Communication module circuit concrete structure following (as shown in Figure 7), photo-coupler is realized the optically-coupled of signal, makes simultaneously control circuit and communicating circuit electrical isolation, has avoided the phase mutual interference, has improved reliability; RE and DE enable to enable with high level owing to being respectively low level, and can not enable simultaneously under half duplex communication, therefore be connected together and controlled by a single-chip processor i/o, realize transmission-receiving function; Top cross-over connection on the RS-485 bus resistance, in order to make impedance matching, reduce the reflection of signal on transmission line, the A transmission line is connected to a pull-up resistor simultaneously, the B transmission line is connected to a pull down resistor, can make like this communication bus under failure condition, definite bias voltage can be arranged, prevent miscommunication.The P1 mouth of this communication module connects the balancing twisted-pair line can carry out communication by the connecting communication main frame.
described single chip control module comprises the single-chip microcomputer main control chip, crystal oscillating circuit, reset circuit, wherein crystal oscillating circuit is by capacitor C 2, capacitor C 3, crystal oscillator Y1 forms, capacitor C 2 one end ground connection wherein, other end order sheet owner is controlled the input end of clock XTAL1 of chip, capacitor C 3 one end ground connection, other end order sheet owner is controlled the input end of clock XTAL2 of chip, crystal oscillator Y1 is connected to the two ends of single-chip microcomputer main control chip input end of clock XTAL1 and XTAL2, reset circuit is by capacitor C 1, button S4, resistance R 7 forms, resistance R 7 one end ground connection wherein, other end order sheet owner is controlled the reset terminal RST of chip, button S4 one termination power, other end order sheet owner is controlled the reset terminal RST of chip, capacitor C 1 one termination load power sources, the other end meets single-chip microcomputer reset terminal RST,
Described detection module, its electric part is comprised of 16 identical circuit modules of circuit structure, and each module is comprised of photoelectrical coupler, high-brightness LED, keyswitch (electrode contacts), optocoupler input end current-limiting resistance, optocoupler output terminal pull-up resistor.1 pin of optocoupler is connected to the 12V power supply by an input end current-limiting resistance, and 2 pin connect the positive pole of LED, and the LED negative pole connects button one end, button other end ground connection, and optocoupler 3 pin ground connection, 4 pin are connected to the 5V power supply by an output terminal pull-up resistor;
Described detection module, its mechanical part is comprised of detection head, mechanical driving device, spring and electrode.Its electrode part is connected respectively at two pins of optical coupling isolator switch that output terminal connects.Detection head can further be selected according to actual requirement of engineering.
Described communication module mainly is comprised of three photoelectrical couplers and transition of communications chip SN75LBC184.wherein, the R end of SN75LBC184 is signal receiving end, connect the RXD end of single-chip microcomputer by optical coupling isolation circuit, R termination optocoupler 2 pin specifically, optocoupler 1 pin connects power supply by current-limiting resistance, optocoupler 3 pin ground connection, 4 pin are connected to power supply by a pull-up resistor, 4 pin also connect the RXD end of single-chip microcomputer simultaneously, the D end is signal sending end, connect the TXD end of single-chip microcomputer by optical coupling isolation circuit, D termination optocoupler 4 pin specifically, 4 pin also are connected to power supply by a pull-up resistor simultaneously, optocoupler 3 pin ground connection, optocoupler 2 pin connect the TXD end of single-chip microcomputer, optocoupler 1 pin is connected to power supply by a current-limiting resistance, RE and DE are respectively the transmitting-receiving control end, connect the single-chip microcomputer control end by optical coupling isolation circuit, specifically RE and DE connect and are attempted by together optocoupler 3 pin, 3 pin are simultaneously by a pull down resistor ground connection, optocoupler 4 pin connect power supply, optocoupler 2 pin connect the single-chip microcomputer control end, optocoupler 1 pin connects power supply by a current-limiting resistance, B end and A end have consisted of RS-485 communication bus end jointly, the A end connects power supply by a pull-up resistor, the B end is by a pull down resistor ground connection, also be connected to an impedance matching resistance between side a and b, the VCC of chip and GND connect respectively VDD-to-VSS in addition.
Claims (5)
1. a coal bunker material detection system, comprise power module, single chip control module, detection module and communication module, it is characterized in that:
Described power module adopts three road independent current sources, is respectively used to signals collecting, Single-chip Controlling and communication,
Described single chip control module receives the data message from detection module, and communication module is processed and be sent to this information makes it carry out telecommunication;
Described detection module is made of jointly mechanical part and electric part, and mechanical part is for detection of coal bunker inwall side direction pressure signal, and electric part is used for carrying out the conversion of electric signal, both jointly completes the detection to coal charge thing position;
Described communication module for the conversion that realizes between Investigation into Serial Communication of One-chip Computer signal and RS-485 protocol signal, thereby is realized long-range RS-485 communication.
2. coal bunker material detection system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described power module comprises the step-down rectifier part, filtering and voltage stabilizing part, wherein step-down rectifier partly comprises step-down transformer T1, T2, T3 and commutation diode D19, D20, D21, D22, D24, D25, D26, D27, D28, D29, D30, D31, wherein the negative electrode of the anode of D19 and D24 is connected together and the end of connection transformer T1, the anode of D20 and the negative electrode of D25 are connected together and the other end of connection transformer T1, the negative electrode of D19 and D20 is connected to form the positive pole of rectification output, the anode of D24 and D25 is connected to form the negative pole of rectification output, similarly the negative electrode of the anode of D21 and D26 is connected together and the end of connection transformer T2, the anode of D22 and the negative electrode of D27 are connected together and the other end of connection transformer T2, the negative electrode of D21 and D22 is connected to form the positive pole of rectification output, the anode of D26 and D27 is connected to form the negative pole of rectification output, the anode of D28 and the negative electrode of D30 are connected together and the end of connection transformer T3, the anode of D29 and the negative electrode of D31 are connected together and the other end of connection transformer T3, the negative electrode of D28 and D29 is connected to form the positive pole of rectification output, the anode of D30 and D31 is connected to form the negative pole of rectification output,
filtering and voltage stabilizing partly comprise three, first is the stabilized voltage supply of single chip control module, comprise voltage stabilizing chip LM2596, input capacitance C4, regulate inductance L 1, receive diode V1, output capacitance C5, wherein the input end pin 1 of voltage stabilizing chip LM2596 connects the negative electrode of commutation diode D19, the input end pin 1 of the positive polarity termination voltage stabilizing chip LM2596 of input capacitance C4, negative polarity end ground connection, receive the output terminal pin 2 of diode V1 negative polarity termination voltage stabilizing chip LM2596, positive ends ground connection, regulate the output terminal pin 2 of a termination voltage stabilizing chip LM2596 of inductance L 1, other end output+5V voltage connects the positive source of control module, the positive polarity termination control module positive source of output capacitance C5, negative polarity end ground connection, second is the stabilized voltage supply of signal acquisition module, comprise LM7812 voltage stabilizing chip, input filtering capacitor C 6, output terminal filter capacitor C7, C8, the input end 1 of LM7812 connects the negative electrode of commutation diode D21,2 pin ground connection, and 3 pin connect the positive source of signal acquisition module, the input end 1 of the positive polarity termination LM7812 of capacitor C 6, negative polarity end ground connection, the output terminal 3 of the positive polarity termination LM7812 of capacitor C 7, negative polarity end ground connection, the output terminal 3 of the termination LM7812 of C8, other end ground connection, the 3rd is the stabilized voltage supply of communication module, comprise voltage stabilizing chip LM2596, input capacitance C9, regulate inductance L 2, receive diode V2, output capacitance C10, wherein the input end pin 1 of voltage stabilizing chip LM2596 connects the negative electrode of commutation diode D28, the input end pin 1 of the positive polarity termination voltage stabilizing chip LM2596 of input capacitance C9, negative polarity end ground connection, receive the output terminal pin 2 of diode V2 negative polarity termination voltage stabilizing chip LM2596, positive ends ground connection, regulate the output terminal pin 2 of a termination voltage stabilizing chip LM2596 of inductance L 2, it is anodal that other end output+5V voltage is connected the news modular power source, it is anodal that the positive ends of output capacitance C10 is connected the news modular power source, negative polarity end ground connection.
3. coal bunker material detection system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described single chip control module comprises the single-chip microcomputer main control chip, crystal oscillating circuit, reset circuit, wherein crystal oscillating circuit is by capacitor C 2, capacitor C 3, crystal oscillator Y1 forms, capacitor C 2 one end ground connection wherein, other end order sheet owner is controlled the input end of clock XTAL1 of chip, capacitor C 3 one end ground connection, other end order sheet owner is controlled the input end of clock XTAL2 of chip, crystal oscillator Y1 is connected to the two ends of single-chip microcomputer main control chip input end of clock XTAL1 and XTAL2, reset circuit is by capacitor C 1, button S4, resistance R 7 forms, resistance R 7 one end ground connection wherein, other end order sheet owner is controlled the reset terminal RST of chip, button S4 one termination power, other end order sheet owner is controlled the reset terminal RST of chip, capacitor C 1 one termination load power sources, the other end meets single-chip microcomputer reset terminal RST.
4. coal bunker material detection system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described detection module is comprised of mechanical part and electric part, described mechanical part is comprised of detection head, mechanical driving device, spring and electrode, its electrode part is connected respectively at two pins of optical coupling isolator switch that output terminal connects, the signal that mechanical part detects is that having or not of coal charge lateral pressure signal born in coal bunker body of wall differing heights place, and by the judgement signal of this signal as coal position height in coal bunker; Described electric part is comprised of 16 identical circuit modules of circuit structure, each module is comprised of photoelectrical coupler, high-brightness LED, keyswitch or electrode contacts, optocoupler input end current-limiting resistance, optocoupler output terminal pull-up resistor, 1 pin of optocoupler is connected to the 12V power supply by an input end current-limiting resistance, 2 pin connect the positive pole of LED, the LED negative pole connects button one end, button other end ground connection, optocoupler 3 pin ground connection, 4 pin are connected to the 5V power supply by an output terminal pull-up resistor.
5. coal bunker material detection system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described communication module is comprised of three photoelectrical couplers and transition of communications chip SN75LBC184, wherein, the R end of SN75LBC184 is signal receiving end, connect the RXD end of single-chip microcomputer by optical coupling isolation circuit, R termination optocoupler 2 pin specifically, optocoupler 1 pin connects power supply by current-limiting resistance, optocoupler 3 pin ground connection, 4 pin are connected to power supply by a pull-up resistor, 4 pin also connect the RXD end of single-chip microcomputer simultaneously, the D end is signal sending end, connect the TXD end of single-chip microcomputer by optical coupling isolation circuit, D termination optocoupler 4 pin specifically, 4 pin also are connected to power supply by a pull-up resistor simultaneously, optocoupler 3 pin ground connection, optocoupler 2 pin connect the TXD end of single-chip microcomputer, optocoupler 1 pin is connected to power supply by a current-limiting resistance, RE and DE are respectively the transmitting-receiving control end, connect the single-chip microcomputer control end by optical coupling isolation circuit, specifically RE and DE connect and are attempted by together optocoupler 3 pin, 3 pin are simultaneously by a pull down resistor ground connection, optocoupler 4 pin connect power supply, optocoupler 2 pin connect the single-chip microcomputer control end, optocoupler 1 pin connects power supply by a current-limiting resistance, B end and A end have consisted of RS-485 communication bus end jointly, the A end connects power supply by a pull-up resistor, the B end is by a pull down resistor ground connection, also be connected to an impedance matching resistance between side a and b, the VCC of chip and GND connect respectively VDD-to-VSS in addition.
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| CN111381288A (en) * | 2020-04-13 | 2020-07-07 | 深圳市强华科技发展有限公司 | PCB drilling machine knife-breaking detection circuit and detection method thereof |
| CN112953474A (en) * | 2019-12-10 | 2021-06-11 | 深圳达远辰光科技有限公司 | PWM signal generation circuit and method for biological sample ultrasonic processing system |
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| CN103344301A (en) * | 2013-07-05 | 2013-10-09 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Powdery material level detection and control circuit |
| CN103344301B (en) * | 2013-07-05 | 2016-05-11 | 杭州电子科技大学 | The Detection & Controling circuit of granular material material level |
| CN108519509A (en) * | 2018-04-11 | 2018-09-11 | 威胜集团有限公司 | Novel intelligent electric energy meter and its collecting method |
| CN109462395A (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2019-03-12 | 常州朗奇威电器有限公司 | Interface multiplexes conversion circuit and multiplexing conversion method |
| CN109462395B (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2023-08-15 | 常州朗奇威电器有限公司 | Interface multiplexing conversion circuit and multiplexing conversion method |
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| CN112953474A (en) * | 2019-12-10 | 2021-06-11 | 深圳达远辰光科技有限公司 | PWM signal generation circuit and method for biological sample ultrasonic processing system |
| CN112953474B (en) * | 2019-12-10 | 2023-08-22 | 深圳达远辰光科技有限公司 | PWM signal generation circuit and method applied to biological sample ultrasonic processing system |
| CN111381288A (en) * | 2020-04-13 | 2020-07-07 | 深圳市强华科技发展有限公司 | PCB drilling machine knife-breaking detection circuit and detection method thereof |
| CN115967707A (en) * | 2022-12-06 | 2023-04-14 | 浙江桃园智能科技有限公司 | Digital communication protocol drive circuit |
| CN115967707B (en) * | 2022-12-06 | 2023-10-20 | 浙江桃园智能科技有限公司 | Digital communication protocol driving circuit |
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