CN103104920B - The capture method of solid waste burning heavy metals in process and superfine particulate matter - Google Patents
The capture method of solid waste burning heavy metals in process and superfine particulate matter Download PDFInfo
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- CN103104920B CN103104920B CN201310039061.4A CN201310039061A CN103104920B CN 103104920 B CN103104920 B CN 103104920B CN 201310039061 A CN201310039061 A CN 201310039061A CN 103104920 B CN103104920 B CN 103104920B
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- zeolite powder
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Abstract
The present invention relates to the capture method of a kind of solid waste burning heavy metals in process and superfine particulate matter, comprise the steps: that zeolite powder is broken into zeolite powder by (1); (2) spray in solid waste incinerator together with after zeolite powder being mixed with percolate; (3) zeolite powder is by the heavy metal in solid waste incinerator and superfine particulate matter absorption, then enters sack cleaner with flue gas, is trapped by sack cleaner.The present invention is first by the heavy metal ion in zeolite powder efficient adsorption percolate, then zeolite powder enters in solid waste incinerator together with percolate, the heavy metal ion on zeolite powder surface and zeolite powder react and generate eutectic thing, generation eutectic melts, reduce zeolite surface reaction potential energy, metallic vapour in further promotion zeolite powder and flue gas reacts, the surface of simultaneously melting also promotes that zeolite powder is to the adhesion of superfine particulate matter, thus improve the combination property of zeolite, the zeolite powder finally completing absorption is trapped by sack cleaner.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to solid waste incineration technology and atmosphere pollution control field, be specifically related to a kind of capture method for solid waste burning heavy metals in process and superfine particulate matter.
Background technology
Solid waste burning can realize solid waste and subtract appearance 90%, has solid waste resource utilization and the large advantage of day output simultaneously, is expected to become the major way of Solid Waste Treatment from now on.Solid waste burning can cause the discharge of high toxicity flue gas usually, as heavy metal, bioxin, SO
2and NO
xdeng.These toxic pollutants discharge mainly with the form of particle, and wherein the superfine particulate matter toxic content of submicron order is the highest, toxicity is maximum.The particle of current sack cleaner to ultra micro meter level (particle diameter is greater than 1 μm) has good trapping effect, but to the superfine particulate matter of submicron order (particle diameter is less than 1 μm) trapping weak effect, therefore how to catch the difficult point that superfine particulate matter and other pollutants become solid waste incineration technology.
Percolate has high pollution, highly toxic feature as the waste liquid of solid waste burning factory.National environmental protection portion [No. (2008) 82, environment-development notice] explicitly points out: " ... landfill leachate treatment should pay the utmost attention to back spray ... ".Burning effectively can remove the organic matter in percolate, the heavy metal of its middle and high concentration but can be caused to enter in flue gas, the discharge of weighting solids incineration of waste heavy metal and particle.
Zeolite can at high temperature with the suction-operated of heavy metal steam generation physics and chemistry.In high temperature incineration process, heavy metal steam (as Zn, Cu, Pb, Cd, Cr etc.) is diffused into the zeolite surface with pore structure, produce physical absorption, react with zeolite surface subsequently and generate the not volatile substances such as silicate, aluminate, alumino-silicate, such product easily forms low temperature fused matter, causes the surf zone reacted to melt, heavy metal diffuses to zeolite inside and cannot escape, thus have by heavy metals immobilization in zeolite, finally trapped by sack cleaner, and not easily leach.Zeolite also reacts with similar mechanism and alkali metal, thus the ultra-fine grain discharge formed after suppressing alkali metal condensation nucleation.Under high temperature, zeolite granular in flue gas can with established ultra-fine grain generation physical chemistry adhesive attraction, thus be formed as the bulky grain that can be trapped by sack cleaner.Simultaneously zeolite is as a kind of nonmetallic mineral, also has outstanding cation exchange property, can heavy metal ion effectively in absorption effluent, is then filtered or precipitates, thus reaching heavy metals removal effect.
But two of above-mentioned zeolite kinds of good characteristics embody in high-temperature flue gas and normal-temperature water solution two kinds of distinct media.Traditional zeolite application is only limitted to adsorb heavy metal ion in percolate, although adsorption efficiency is high, but zeolite is by filtering subsequently, and the content of beary metal in fact in percolate only accounts for a very little part for the heavy metals emission total amount that solid waste burning produces, major part is produced by solid waste burning.Zeolite also once directly sprayed in incinerator by research in the past, though can high temperature adsorption heavy metal steam and particle, efficiency be lower.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to solid waste burning and can produce highly toxic Submicro particles thing, and existing sack cleaner effectively cannot remove superfine particulate matter, the capture method of a kind of solid waste burning heavy metals in process and superfine particulate matter is proposed, zeolite is combined with solid waste burning leachate recycle and utilizes, the single effect of zeolite can be broken through, realize the comprehensive utilization of zeolite multi-efficiency, be better than zeolite effect in Single Medium, thus the object of the heavy metal reached in efficient removal solid waste burning process and superfine particulate matter.
Concrete technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
A capture method for solid waste burning heavy metals in process and superfine particulate matter, comprises the steps:
(1) zeolite powder is broken into zeolite powder;
(2) spray in solid waste incinerator together with after zeolite powder being mixed with percolate;
(3) zeolite powder is by the heavy metal in solid waste incinerator and superfine particulate matter absorption, then enters sack cleaner with flue gas, is trapped by sack cleaner.
The particle diameter of step (1) mesolite powder is 300-400 order; Use micropowder grinding to prepare zeolite powder, fine powder is conducive to improving zeolite utilization rate, but fine powder is unfavorable for being trapped by sack cleaner excessively, therefore needs zeolite powder size controlling between 300-400 order.
The amount of the zeolite powder mixed with percolate in step (2) accounts for the 1-5 ‰ of solid waste gross mass in solid waste incinerator; Zeolite powder effectively can remove heavy metal in flue gas and superfine particulate matter within the scope of this addition, ensure that the flowing of percolate is unimpeded simultaneously.
In order to make zeolite powder mix with percolate, the zeolite powder described in step (2) sprays to enter in percolate injector by Powderjet device and mixes with percolate.
To solid waste incinerator temperature range is sprayed into the position of 850-1050 DEG C after step (2) mesolite powder mixes with percolate; 850-1050 DEG C of temperature range is the optimum temperature that metallic vapour and zeolite powder react, and both ensure that the generation that metallic vapour and zeolite powder react, and under avoiding again excessive temperature, zeolite surface turns to thoroughly thawing by eutectic thawing and loses pore structure.
Described Powderjet device is venturi ejector.
Step (2) mesolite powder is delivered to cyclone separator by dense-phase pneumatic conveying device, is weighed, then enter venturi ejector after cyclone separator is separated by disc type metering batcher.Use dense-phase pneumatic conveying device conveying zeolite powder, to ensure sealing conveying, prevent dust pollution.
The air outlet of above-mentioned cyclone separator is connected with venturi ejector.Wind due to the air outlet of cyclone separator has carried the tiny zeolite powder be not separated secretly, this wind is blown into venturi ejector and provides power for venturi ejector, improve zeolite utilization rate.
The present invention is first by the heavy metal ion in zeolite powder efficient adsorption percolate, then zeolite powder enters in solid waste incinerator together with percolate, the heavy metal ion on zeolite powder surface and zeolite powder react and generate eutectic thing, generation eutectic melts, reduce zeolite surface reaction potential energy, metallic vapour in further promotion zeolite powder and flue gas reacts, the surface of simultaneously melting also promotes that zeolite powder is to the adhesion of superfine particulate matter, thus improve the combination property of zeolite, the zeolite powder finally completing absorption is trapped by sack cleaner.
The present invention has following characteristic and advantage:
(1) after zeolite powder mixes with percolate, in percolate, heavy metal is adsorbed to zeolite surface, sprays into after in solid waste incinerator, at high temperature reacts with zeolite, finally trapped by sack cleaner, to avoid in percolate heavy metal and form superfine particulate matter and discharged to air.
(2) zeolite powder sprayed in solid waste incinerator continues the reaction such as heavy metal in flue gas steam, vapour of an alkali metal produced with solid waste burning, reduces the superfine particulate matter such as heavy metal, alkali metal and generates.
(3) spray into zeolite powder in solid waste incinerator and established superfine particulate matter mutually to bond and adsorb, finally trapped by sack cleaner, decrease many with the discharge of poisonous waste of particulate form discharge, as bioxin, heavy metal, Hg etc.
(4) method is implemented simple, does not affect solid waste burning and runs, without the need to changing original burning and tail gas treatment process.
(5) the heavy metal steam etc. in absorption flue gas in solid waste incinerator is entered in zeolite powder adsorptive percolation liquid of the present invention after heavy metal ion again; Both improve the arresting efficiency of the heavy metal steam in zeolite powder absorption flue gas etc., and made again zeolite powder obtain and again utilize, saved the energy, reduced cost.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the process chart of the capture method of solid waste burning heavy metals in process of the present invention and superfine particulate matter.
Detailed description of the invention
Be below a kind of detailed description of the invention of the present invention, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
See Fig. 1, first, zeolite is entered micropowder grinding by screw(-type) feeder, being ground into particle diameter is zeolite powder between 300-400 order; Zeolite powder after pulverizing is delivered to cyclone separator by dense-phase pneumatic conveying device, is weighed, then enter venturi ejector after cyclone separator is separated by disc type metering batcher; The amount entering the zeolite powder of venturi ejector accounts for the 1-5 ‰ of solid waste gross mass in solid waste incinerator; The air outlet of cyclone separator is connected with venturi ejector.Venturi ejector sprays wind and derives from: 1. roots blower; 2. the separation wind of the air outlet of cyclone separator.The mixing wind of mixed zeolite powder enters percolate injector from venturi ejector, mixes with the percolate in percolate injector.When percolate and zeolite powder mixing, the cation such as sodium, potassium on zeolite powder surface be combined with lattice not closely, therefore can exchange with the heavy metal cation in percolate, the heavy metal ion in percolate is attached to zeolite powder surface thus.The percolate being mixed with zeolite powder is sprayed into 850-1050 DEG C of position in the flame in solid waste incinerator by percolate injector, in solid waste incinerator, the heavy metal ion on zeolite powder surface and zeolite powder react, generate silicate and the alumino-silicate of heavy metal, thus form submicron particles in low-temperature zone after preventing heavy metal in percolate to gasify; Simultaneously zeolite powder also cause solid waste burning to produce because of the hole of its prosperity flue gas in the metallic vapour such as heavy metal, alkali metal be attracted in zeolite pores, and react with zeolite the silicate and alumino-silicate that generate heavy metal, thus the metallic vapour preventing burning to produce forms submicron particles in low-temperature zone; And eutectic can occur on the surface that zeolite granular and metal ion react melts, and makes zeolite surface have certain adhesiveness, thus bonds with established submicron particles, reach the effect of trapping submicron particles.When the zeolite powder having trapped heavy metal and superfine particulate matter leaves solid waste incinerator with flue gas, when finally entering sack cleaner, because its particle diameter is more than 38 μm, efficiently can be trapped by sack cleaner, and can not discharged to air.
The equipment used in the technical process of the capture method of solid waste burning heavy metals in process of the present invention and superfine particulate matter is all existing.
Day disposal of refuse amount 0.5t circulating fluidized bed incinerator carries out solid waste burning test, and incineration temperature is more than 850 DEG C, and solid waste selects simcity house refuse, and its concrete component is as shown in table 1.Add the heavy metal in the house refuse of heavy metal acetate simcity, addO-on therapy is as shown in table 2.Use simulation percolate to spray in the burner hearth of circulating fluidized bed incinerator, straying quatity is 1L/h, and eject position temperature is 900 DEG C ± 5 DEG C, and simulation percolate concentration of heavy metal ion is as shown in table 3.
Each component (mass percent, %) in the house refuse of table 1 simcity
| Title | Flour | Dish leaf | Paper | Wood chip | Plastics | Cotton | PVC | NaCl |
| Content | 40 | 15 | 15 | 12 | 12 | 3 | 1.5 | 1.5 |
The addition of heavy metal and adding ingredient (accounting for the ratio of domestic waste butt gross weight, mg/kg) in the house refuse of table 2 simcity
| Heavy metal | Addition | Adding ingredient |
| Zn | 8000 | (CH 3COO) 2Zn·2H 2O |
| Cu | 2000 | (CH 3COO) 2Cu· H 2O |
| Pb | 1500 | (CH 3COO) 2Pb·3H 2O |
| Cd | 500 | (CH 3COO) 2Cd·2H 2O |
| Cr | 500 | (CH 3COO) 3Cr |
Concentration of heavy metal ion in percolate (mg/L) simulated by table 3
| Heavy metal | Zn | Cu | Pb | Cd | Cr |
| Concentration | 1.50 | 0.18 | 0.14 | 0.09 | 0.10 |
embodiment 1
First zeolite is entered micropowder grinding by screw(-type) feeder, be ground into the zeolite powder between 300-400 order; Zeolite powder after pulverizing is delivered to cyclone separator by dense-phase pneumatic conveying device, is weighed, then enter venturi ejector after cyclone separator is separated by disc type metering batcher; The amount entering the zeolite powder of venturi ejector accounts for 3 ‰ of domestic waste gross mass in circulating fluidized bed incinerator; The mixing wind of mixed zeolite powder enters percolate injector from venturi ejector, enters in the burner hearth of circulating fluidized bed incinerator with percolate mixing jetting, and eject position temperature is 900 DEG C ± 5 DEG C; When the zeolite powder having trapped heavy metal and superfine particulate matter leaves circulating fluidized bed incinerator with flue gas, finally enter sack cleaner, discharged to air after sack cleaner efficiently traps.
comparative example 1
Spurted into by percolate in the burner hearth of circulating fluidized bed incinerator, eject position temperature is 900 DEG C ± 5 DEG C; The flue gas that incineration of waste produces leaves circulating fluidized bed incinerator thorax, finally enters sack cleaner, discharged to air after sack cleaner efficiently traps.
comparative example 2
First join in percolate by zeolite powder, the concentration of zeolite powder in percolate is 62.5g/L, and filter after leaving standstill 24h, filter liquor spurted in the burner hearth of circulating fluidized bed incinerator, eject position temperature is 900 DEG C ± 5 DEG C; The flue gas that incineration of waste produces leaves circulating fluidized bed incinerator thorax, finally enters sack cleaner, discharged to air after sack cleaner efficiently traps.
comparative example 3
Zeolite powder and percolate are spurted into respectively in the burner hearth of circulating fluidized bed incinerator, the zeolite powder amount spurted in circulating fluidized bed incinerator accounts for 3 ‰ of domestic waste gross mass in circulating fluidized bed incinerator; Eject position temperature is 900 DEG C ± 5 DEG C; The flue gas that incineration of waste produces leaves circulating fluidized bed incinerator thorax, finally enters sack cleaner, discharged to air after sack cleaner efficiently traps.
Respectively 8 grades of aerodynamic diameter cascade samplings are carried out to the flying dust of the bag house outlet of embodiment 1, comparative example 1 to comparative example 3, the superfine particulate matter that analysis heavy metal (Zn, Cu, Pb, Cd, Cr) concentration of emission and PM1(particle diameter are less than 1 μm) concentration of emission, specifically as shown in table 4 and table 5.As can be seen from Table 4, being sprayed into by zeolite powder in circulating fluidized bed incinerator can effectively heavy metal and superfine particulate matter discharge in controlled circulation fluidized bed incinerator, and the trapping effect spraying into heavy metal and superfine particulate matter in stove after zeolite powder mixing percolate again will obviously be better than directly being sprayed in stove by zeolite powder.
Table 4 burning city domestic garbage heavy metal in flue gas concentration of emission (μ g/Nm
3)
| Heavy metal | Comparative example 1 | Comparative example 2 | Comparative example 3 | Embodiment 1 |
| Zn | 2435 | 2434 | 1043 | 764 |
| Cu | 1253 | 1254 | 960 | 783 |
| Pb | 741 | 737 | 573 | 214 |
| Cd | 421 | 423 | 397 | 196 |
| Cr | 294 | 289 | 162 | 105 |
Superfine particulate matter concentration of emission (mg/Nm in table 5 burning city domestic garbage flue gas
3)
| Comparative example 1 | Comparative example 2 | Comparative example 3 | Embodiment 1 | |
| PM1 | 71.4 | 71.4 | 32.8 | 19.7 |
Claims (8)
1. a capture method for solid waste burning heavy metals in process and superfine particulate matter, is characterized in that comprising the steps:
(1) zeolite powder is broken into zeolite powder;
(2) spray in solid waste incinerator together with after zeolite powder being mixed with percolate;
(3) zeolite powder is by the heavy metal in solid waste incinerator and superfine particulate matter absorption, then enters sack cleaner with flue gas, is trapped by sack cleaner.
2. capture method according to claim 1, is characterized in that the particle diameter of step (1) mesolite powder is 300-400 order.
3. capture method according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that the amount of the zeolite powder mixed with percolate in step (2) accounts for the 1-5 ‰ of solid waste gross mass in solid waste incinerator.
4. capture method according to claim 3, is characterized in that the zeolite powder described in step (2) sprays to enter in percolate injector by Powderjet device and mixes with percolate.
5. capture method according to claim 4, is characterized in that spraying into after step (2) mesolite powder mixes with percolate to solid waste incinerator temperature range the position of 850-1050 DEG C.
6. capture method according to claim 5, is characterized in that described Powderjet device is venturi ejector.
7. capture method according to claim 6, it is characterized in that step (2) mesolite powder is delivered to cyclone separator by dense-phase pneumatic conveying device, weighed by disc type metering batcher after cyclone separator is separated, then enter venturi ejector.
8. capture method according to claim 7, is characterized in that the air outlet of cyclone separator is connected with venturi ejector.
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| KR20160073221A (en) * | 2014-12-16 | 2016-06-24 | 주식회사 포스코 | Apparatus for charging fine iron ore |
| PL232954B1 (en) * | 2015-06-30 | 2019-08-30 | Fireworks Europe Innovation Spolka Z Ograniczona Odpowiedzialnoscia | Ecological fireworks, method for obtaining them and method for reducing environmental contamination due to heavy metal compounds from the fireworks and the application of the fireworks and application of mineral additives in pyrotechnic materials |
| CN107096311A (en) * | 2017-04-28 | 2017-08-29 | 广东昕旺环保科技发展有限公司 | A kind of smoke processing system and a kind of dry method flue gas administering method |
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| CN1543552A (en) * | 2001-06-29 | 2004-11-03 | �������Ƽ����Źɷ�����˾ | Flue gas purification device for an incinerator |
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