CN103104417A - Speed-adjustable hub device of large wind turbine generator system - Google Patents
Speed-adjustable hub device of large wind turbine generator system Download PDFInfo
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- CN103104417A CN103104417A CN2013100203213A CN201310020321A CN103104417A CN 103104417 A CN103104417 A CN 103104417A CN 2013100203213 A CN2013100203213 A CN 2013100203213A CN 201310020321 A CN201310020321 A CN 201310020321A CN 103104417 A CN103104417 A CN 103104417A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
Abstract
The invention provides a speed-adjustable hub device of a large wind turbine generator system. An iron core and a magnet exciting coil are additionally mounted on a hub of a wind turbine. A permanent magnet is additionally mounted on a portion where a rotating shaft acts with the hub. The magnet exciting coil is connected with a sliding ring outside the hub through an electric brush led out from a hub shell. According to the speed-adjustable hub device of the large wind turbine generator system, when the wind speed is over high, wind energy is mainly converted into electric energy, and therefore over high heat is prevented from being generated, and not only can the rotating speed of the wind turbine be lowered, but also redundant wind energy is recycled at the same time. Meanwhile, a wind driven generator is enabled to operate and generate electricity in a rated state even when the wind speed is low. The wind driven generator comprising the speed-adjustable hub device can be directly combined into a power grid, and therefore a high-power converter is eliminated. The speed-adjustable hub device is especially suitable for being used in the large wind turbine generator system.
Description
Technical field
What the present invention relates to is the hub unit of a kind of hub unit, particularly a kind of Large-scale Wind Turbines.
Background technique
For present wind power generating set, because wind speed is unstable, the too low difficult utilization of wind speed, the too high unit of wind speed itself easily sustains damage.Under many circumstances, no matter how wind speed changes, and wind power generating set all requires the wind turbine rotating speed keep constant or be no more than a certain limited range, has adopted speed governing or speed limiting device for this reason.When wind speed was too high, these devices also were used for power-limiting, and reduced to act on the power on blade.
At present, speed governing or speed limiting device have various types, but in view of principle, three classes are arranged roughly: a class is to make wind turbine depart from prevailing wind direction, and another kind of is to utilize aerodynamical resistance, and the 3rd class is the propeller pitch angle that changes blade.Between the wind wheel blade of traditional wind group and wind turbine rotating shaft, speed governing is mainly by mechanical governing, by reducing wind-exposuring area or limiting wind turbine blade speed by resistance, so only play the power-limiting effect, wasted energy, and increase the weight of the arrangements for speed regulation burden, affect its working life and reliability.
Application number is 201020690123.6, and name is called in the patent document of " electromagnetic brake device for wind power generator " provides a kind of electromagnetic brake device for wind power generator, comprises control system, electromagnetic block and magnetic brake member.But this technological scheme only considers to limit the too high situation of wind speed, surpasses for wind speed and adopts electromagnetic brake mechanism when wind-driven generator requires wind speed range, realizes by the frictional force between the adhesive face of suction type electromagnetic brake mechanism that rotating shaft is slowed down and stops.For the heat energy after rubbing, energy is wasted greatly unnecessary wind energy transformation, and a large amount of heat that produces, mechanical structure and material property there are the impact of must suing for peace, both wasted energy, reduced again reliability and the working life of equipment.
Application number is 201120306693.9, name is called in the patent document of " a kind of electromagnetic brake device for wind power generator " provides a kind of electromagnetic brake device for wind power generator, by anemoscope to environmental monitoring, one cover controller scheme is provided, electromagnetic brake device coil energising when wind speed is excessive, the magnetic field of generation and generator unit stator FR hinders rotor motion, reaches the brake purpose.Not only can't utilize superfluous wind energy, and need to the electromagnetic brake device energising in the superfluous situation of wind energy, produce the opposing magnetic field and reach the brake purpose.In addition, this braking device is due to the electromagnetic coupling effect, and excess energy can only change into heat energy, and winding coil will produce a large amount of heat, and coil is due to the easy scaling loss of excess Temperature, and reliability and stability all are difficult for guaranteeing.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide and a kind ofly can satisfy the desired speed range of wind-driven generator, can be the speed adjustable wheel hub device of the Large-scale Wind Turbines of electric energy with the wind energy transformation of surplus again.
Purpose of the present invention can realize like this:
The first scheme of the present invention is to install iron core and field coil on the wheel hub of wind turbine additional, installs permanent magnet additional in rotating shaft and wheel hub agency part, and field coil is drawn brush by the wheel hub shell and is connected with wheel hub slip ring outward.
First scheme of the present invention is to install permanent magnet additional on the wheel hub of wind turbine, installs iron core and field coil additional in rotating shaft and wheel hub agency part, draws brush from the field coil side of rotating shaft and is connected with slip ring.
The third scheme of the present invention is to install iron core and field coil on the wheel hub of wind turbine additional, also installs iron core and field coil additional in rotating shaft and wheel hub agency part, and wheel hub and rotating shaft are drawn respectively brush and be connected separately slip ring.
Slip ring in above-mentioned three kinds of schemes is connected with control system by cable, and control system is connected with electrical network, and the Negotiation speed sensor signal determines to pass into Ac or direct current to slip ring, or by slip ring to grid transmission.
The invention provides and kind make wind turbine maintain wheel hub arrangements for speed regulation in the rated speed scope, is electric energy by electromagnetic induction with the wind energy transformation of surplus when wind speed is excessive, effectively suppresses simultaneously the wind turbine rotating speed.When wind speed surpasses rated wind speed, by controlling this hub unit exciting winding "on" position, make this hub unit work in the generator state, be that electric energy storage gets up or sends into electrical network through power transformation with unnecessary wind energy transformation; When wind turbine does not reach rated speed, for wind turbine is maintained in the rated speed scope, by controlling this hub unit exciting winding "on" position, make these arrangements for speed regulation work in electric motor state, by the moment between the wheel hub countershaft is compensated, thereby the wind turbine rotating shaft being remained in our desirable speed range, can satisfy the desired speed range of wind-driven generator, can be electric energy with the wind energy transformation of surplus again.
The wheel hub of wind turbine and rotating shaft and wheel hub agency part install additional intentionally and field coil and dress permanent magnet.Like this, namely can carry out the energy transmission by electromagnetic coupling between rotating shaft and wheel hub.Interact by the electromagnetic field between permanent magnet and exciting winding between wheel hub and rotating shaft, between wheel hub and rotating shaft, effect is similar to stator and the rotor of motor or generator.Field coil no electric circuit when wind speed is too high, the device effect is similar to generator, reduces rotating speed and changes unnecessary wind energy into electric energy simultaneously.When the wind turbine rotating speed was rated speed, field coil passed into direct current, and wheel hub is synchronizeed by electromagnetic attraction with rotating shaft and rotated.When wind speed is low, field coil passes into Ac, act on similar motor, because the threephase AC that passes into coil can regulate and control by control circuit, synthetic torque is controlled, so can make wind-driven generator be operated in rated speed at wind speed during lower than rated wind speed, can make wind-driven generator be operated in rated condition under low wind speed like this.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: the energy that produces when traditional electromagnetic brake device brakes can only discharge with the heat energy form, and the present invention's wind energy when wind speed is too high mainly is converted into electric energy, therefore avoid producing too high heat, so both can reduce the wind turbine rotating speed, recycle again unnecessary wind energy simultaneously.Simultaneously, the present invention can make wind-driven generator still can generate electricity at operation at rating when hanging down wind speed.Adopt the wind-driven generator of hub unit of the present invention directly to be connected to the grid, saved powerful current transformer.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is application principle block diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 a-Fig. 2 c is speed adjustable wheel hub principle of device analysis chart.Adopt the four-pole permanent magnet body as example take the rotating shaft side, Fig. 2 a is that the wind turbine rotating speed is higher than rated speed; Fig. 2 b is that the wind turbine rotating speed is rated speed; Fig. 2 c is that the wind turbine rotating speed is lower than rated speed.
Fig. 3 is the overall structure figure of the present invention in wind powered generator system.
Embodiment
For example the present invention is done more detailed description below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:
In conjunction with Fig. 2 a-Fig. 2 c and Fig. 3, the first scheme of the present invention is: fix by machinery, welding waits the rigid connection mode to install unshakable in one's determination and exciting winding 2 additional in wheel hub 1 inboard, in rotating shaft 5 corresponding to wheel hub 1 both sides, two bearings 7 are housed, rotating shaft 5 parts in wheel hub 1 correspondence install silicon steel plate and permanent magnet 3 additional, and permanent magnet 3 can adopt plug-in type.Rotating shaft 5 is the rotating shaft of generator, for the rotating speed requirement of indivedual generators, also can increase a simple step-up gear between generator and rotating shaft.Exciting winding 2 is drawn brush 6 by wheel hub 1 shell and is connected with wheel hub 1 slip ring 8 outward, and cabin 9 comprises part between wheel hub 1 and slip ring 8, leaves certain air gap between cabin 9 and wheel hub 1, and air gap is as far as possible little, prevents that the dust foreign material from entering.Slip ring 8 is connected with control system 11 by cable, and control system 11 is connected with electrical network, and the Negotiation speed sensor signal determines to pass into Ac, direct current to slip ring 8, or passes through slip ring 8 to grid transmission.
In Fig. 2 a, T is the rotating shaft total torque, and T1 is that wind acts on the wheel hub torque, and T3 is by acting on the torque in rotating shaft on permanent magnet and wheel hub between exciting winding, rotating shaft total torque T=T1-T3.In Fig. 2 b, T is the rotating shaft total torque, and T1 wind acts on the wheel hub torque, and f is electromagnetism the suction-combining force between permanent magnet and wheel hub exciting winding in rotating shaft, rotating shaft total torque T=T1.In Fig. 2 c, T is the rotating shaft total torque, and T1 wind acts on the wheel hub torque, and T2 is the torque that acts between exciting winding on permanent magnet and wheel hub in rotating shaft, rotating shaft total torque T=T1+T2.
Specific works process and principle: when wind speed during higher than rated wind speed, the field coil no electric circuit, this moment due to the wind turbine rotating speed higher than the same leg speed of generator, hub unit runs on the generator state, exciting winding will be cut the magnetic line of force that permanent magnet produces, and the generation induction current, draw by electric brush slip ring, send in electrical network or energy storage device after controlling change-over circuit.Unnecessary like this wind energy namely is converted into electric energy, and the rotating shaft rotating speed is maintained in the rated speed scope.Its action principle is: as shown in Fig. 2 a, rotating shaft 5 has relative movement with wheel hub 1, so the magnetic line of force of exciting winding 2 cutting permanent magnets 4 produces induction current, produces simultaneously the moment of an obstruction wheel hub 1 and rotating shaft 5 relative movement, the moment direction is opposite with the moment that wind acts on the wind turbine sense of rotation.Exciting winding 2 will produce induction field this moment, and by magnetic force, permanent magnet 4 be acted on.Resultant couple in rotating shaft 5 is that wind acts on moment that wheel hub 1 produces and deducts the poor of opposing torque that exciting winding 2 electromagnetic induction produce, thereby the restriction rotating speed further raises, and forces wheel hub 1 Speed Reduction, drops to the rated speed of wind-driven generator always.
During lower than rated speed, hub unit runs on electric motor state when the wind turbine rotating speed, and field coil passes into threephase AC, and the rotating magnetic field of generation acts on permanent magnet, and the wind turbine rotating speed is improved, and the wind-driven generator rotating speed is maintained in the rated speed scope.Its action principle such as Fig. 2 c show, because passing into electric current, field coil 2 can control, the electromagnetic torque that is hub unit can be controlled, make the rotating shaft 5 with permanent magnet 4 one be subject to a controlled torque, this moment, wheel hub 1 also was subject to the rotating torques that a wind-force acts on blade and wheel hub generation, the torque that rotating shaft 5 is subject to is that wind-force acts on the electromagnetic torque sum that the machine torque that rotates on wheel hub 1 adds that the rotating magnetic field after exciting winding 2 is switched on produces, thereby makes speed be promoted to rated speed.
When the wind turbine rotating speed is rated speed, control circuit provides direct current to the hub side excitation device, the suction coupling that produces by magnetic field between rotating shaft and wheel hub, the mechanical force that wind turbine is rotated is delivered to rotating shaft and drives the rotating shaft rotation, thereby rotating shaft is rotated with rated speed.Action principle such as Fig. 2 b show, when the wind turbine rotating speed is rated speed, exciting winding 2 passes into direct current, this only is equivalent between exciting winding and permanent magnet 4 power perpendicular to rotating shaft 5 tangent directions, torque without spin, the rotating torques that this moment, wind acted on wheel hub 1 is delivered to rotating shaft 5 by electromagnetic coupling, and is substantially suitable with the torque that surface friction drag produces, so wind turbine rotating shaft 5 maintains in the rated speed scope substantially.
First scheme of the present invention and the difference of the first scheme are that silicon steel plate and permanent magnet are installed on wheel hub 1, and iron core and exciting winding are loaded in rotating shaft 5, and draw brush from the exciting winding side of rotating shaft 5 and be connected with slip ring, slip ring is connected with control system 11 by cable.This structural brush and slip ring are arranged in rotating shaft, and other structures, working principle, control system are all identical with the first scheme.
The difference of the third scheme of the present invention and above-mentioned two schemes is: wheel hub 1 and rotating shaft 5 are all adopted and are installed iron core and exciting winding additional, wheel hub 1 and rotating shaft 5 are drawn respectively two cover brushes and are connected two cover slip rings power supplies, and the control system 11 needs exciting winding on countershaft and wheel hub respectively carry out power supply control.During higher than rated speed, the electric energy that the excitation device in wheel hub and rotating shaft produces is sent into electrical network via brush and slip ring to mode of execution three in spindle speed; Lower than rated speed the time, the excitation device in rotating shaft need to obtain electric energy from electrical network, sends the electric energy of rated frequency to guarantee the exciting winding on wheel hub; The wind turbine rotating speed equals rated speed, and two cover exciting winding all should be connected with direct current.These structural two cover brushes and slip rings are arranged on respectively on rotating shaft and wheel hub, and other structures, working principle are identical with first and second kind scheme.
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention design and implement thinking: unshakable in one's determination, exciting winding and wheel hub adopt integral type to be rigidly connected, and can consider the modes such as fixing, the nested or welding of machinery, and silicon steel plate is housed in the rotating shaft corresponding with wheel hub, embed permanent magnet on silicon steel plate.Speed adjustable wheel hub device of the present invention can with direct coaxial connection of generator, the speed adjustable wheel hub device can change the synthetic moment of rotating shaft side by regulating field current, speed adjustable range is large and easily realize controlling, so the low speed wind power generator can save gear-box.For the higher wind-driven generator of rated speed, only need to increase a small-sized step-up gear and get final product between arrangements for speed regulation and generator.So just can make electric energy that wind-driven generator produces directly be delivered to electrical network.
Claims (6)
1. the speed adjustable wheel hub device of a Large-scale Wind Turbines, it is characterized in that: install iron core and field coil additional on the wheel hub of wind turbine, install permanent magnet additional in rotating shaft and wheel hub agency part, field coil is drawn brush by the wheel hub shell and is connected with wheel hub slip ring outward.
2. the speed adjustable wheel hub device of Large-scale Wind Turbines according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: slip ring is connected with control system by cable, control system is connected with electrical network, and the Negotiation speed sensor signal determines to pass into Ac or direct current to slip ring, or by slip ring to grid transmission.
3. the speed adjustable wheel hub device of a Large-scale Wind Turbines, is characterized in that: install permanent magnet additional on the wheel hub of wind turbine, install iron core and field coil additional in rotating shaft and wheel hub agency part, draw brush from the field coil side of rotating shaft and be connected with slip ring.
4. the speed adjustable wheel hub device of Large-scale Wind Turbines according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: slip ring is connected with control system by cable, control system is connected with electrical network, and the Negotiation speed sensor signal determines to pass into Ac or direct current to slip ring, or by slip ring to grid transmission.
5. the speed adjustable wheel hub device of a Large-scale Wind Turbines, it is characterized in that: install iron core and field coil additional on the wheel hub of wind turbine, also install iron core and field coil additional in rotating shaft and wheel hub agency part, wheel hub and rotating shaft are drawn respectively brush and are connected separately slip ring.
6. the speed adjustable wheel hub device of Large-scale Wind Turbines according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: slip ring is connected with control system by cable, control system is connected with electrical network, and the Negotiation speed sensor signal determines to pass into Ac or direct current to slip ring, or by slip ring to grid transmission.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310020321.3A CN103104417B (en) | 2013-01-19 | 2013-01-19 | Speed-adjustable hub device of large wind turbine generator system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310020321.3A CN103104417B (en) | 2013-01-19 | 2013-01-19 | Speed-adjustable hub device of large wind turbine generator system |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN103104417A true CN103104417A (en) | 2013-05-15 |
| CN103104417B CN103104417B (en) | 2015-05-20 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201310020321.3A Expired - Fee Related CN103104417B (en) | 2013-01-19 | 2013-01-19 | Speed-adjustable hub device of large wind turbine generator system |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110848086A (en) * | 2019-11-26 | 2020-02-28 | 榆林学院 | Permanent magnet constant frequency wind driven generator rotor |
| CN112392662A (en) * | 2020-11-17 | 2021-02-23 | 张丽敬 | Speed limiting device suitable for electromagnetic induction wind power generation |
| CN112997002A (en) * | 2018-11-19 | 2021-06-18 | 津田训范 | Rotating platform and wind power generation system |
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| GB2449436A (en) * | 2007-05-21 | 2008-11-26 | Tidal Generation Ltd | Fluid driven generator |
| CN101598113A (en) * | 2009-07-10 | 2009-12-09 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | A kind of wind generating unit |
| JP2011019374A (en) * | 2009-07-10 | 2011-01-27 | Toyo Electric Mfg Co Ltd | Over-rotation preventing device for wind power generator |
| CN102155356A (en) * | 2011-03-22 | 2011-08-17 | 国电联合动力技术有限公司 | Method for controlling running of wind generating set based on speed-regulating front end of electromagnetic coupler |
| EP2362527A1 (en) * | 2010-02-25 | 2011-08-31 | Goliath Wind Ltd. | Wind turbine electrical brake |
-
2013
- 2013-01-19 CN CN201310020321.3A patent/CN103104417B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2449436A (en) * | 2007-05-21 | 2008-11-26 | Tidal Generation Ltd | Fluid driven generator |
| CN101598113A (en) * | 2009-07-10 | 2009-12-09 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | A kind of wind generating unit |
| JP2011019374A (en) * | 2009-07-10 | 2011-01-27 | Toyo Electric Mfg Co Ltd | Over-rotation preventing device for wind power generator |
| EP2362527A1 (en) * | 2010-02-25 | 2011-08-31 | Goliath Wind Ltd. | Wind turbine electrical brake |
| CN102155356A (en) * | 2011-03-22 | 2011-08-17 | 国电联合动力技术有限公司 | Method for controlling running of wind generating set based on speed-regulating front end of electromagnetic coupler |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112997002A (en) * | 2018-11-19 | 2021-06-18 | 津田训范 | Rotating platform and wind power generation system |
| CN110848086A (en) * | 2019-11-26 | 2020-02-28 | 榆林学院 | Permanent magnet constant frequency wind driven generator rotor |
| CN112392662A (en) * | 2020-11-17 | 2021-02-23 | 张丽敬 | Speed limiting device suitable for electromagnetic induction wind power generation |
| CN112392662B (en) * | 2020-11-17 | 2022-09-02 | 苏尼特左旗风鼎发电有限公司 | Speed limiting device suitable for electromagnetic induction wind power generation |
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| CN103104417B (en) | 2015-05-20 |
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Effective date of registration: 20201126 Address after: Area A129, 4th floor, building 4, Baitai Industrial Park, Yazhou Bay science and Technology City, Yazhou District, Sanya City, Hainan Province, 572024 Patentee after: Nanhai innovation and development base of Sanya Harbin Engineering University Address before: 150001 Heilongjiang, Nangang District, Nantong street,, Harbin Engineering University, Department of Intellectual Property Office Patentee before: HARBIN ENGINEERING University |
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Granted publication date: 20150520 Termination date: 20210119 |
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