CN103103576A - Work method of ionic exchange membrane electrolyser - Google Patents
Work method of ionic exchange membrane electrolyser Download PDFInfo
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- CN103103576A CN103103576A CN201210539635XA CN201210539635A CN103103576A CN 103103576 A CN103103576 A CN 103103576A CN 201210539635X A CN201210539635X A CN 201210539635XA CN 201210539635 A CN201210539635 A CN 201210539635A CN 103103576 A CN103103576 A CN 103103576A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C7/00—Constructional parts, or assemblies thereof, of cells; Servicing or operating of cells
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C1/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of solutions
- C25C1/12—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of solutions of copper
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C7/00—Constructional parts, or assemblies thereof, of cells; Servicing or operating of cells
- C25C7/04—Diaphragms; Spacing elements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/18—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks
- H02J3/1821—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks using shunt compensators
- H02J3/1835—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks using shunt compensators with stepless control
- H02J3/1842—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks using shunt compensators with stepless control wherein at least one reactive element is actively controlled by a bridge converter, e.g. active filters
- H02J3/1857—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks using shunt compensators with stepless control wherein at least one reactive element is actively controlled by a bridge converter, e.g. active filters wherein such bridge converter is a multilevel converter
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/26—Arrangements for eliminating or reducing asymmetry in polyphase networks
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/10—Flexible AC transmission systems [FACTS]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/30—Reactive power compensation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/50—Arrangements for eliminating or reducing asymmetry in polyphase networks
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Abstract
The invention relates to a work method of an ionic exchange membrane electrolyser. The ionic exchange membrane electrolyser comprises a electrolyser body, wherein ion exchange membranes are arranged in the electrolyser body and are used for partitioning the electrolyser body into anode chambers and cathode chambers, and a discharging funnel is further arranged at the bottom of the electrolyser body and is connected with the cathode chambers; the discharging funnel is connected with a liquid outlet pipe so as to discharge electrolysis waste liquid; and a collection bin which is suitable for collecting precipitated metal is arranged at the bottom of the discharging funnel, and the entrance of the collection bin is connected with the bottom of the discharging funnel. According to the ionic exchange membrane electrolyser, the precipitated metal is collected by the collection bin, so that the precipitated metal can all be collected, the electrolysis operation and the operation collection are separated from each other and are independent from each other, and the electrolysis efficiency is increased.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of work of ion-exchange membrane electrolyzer.
Background technology
The circuit-board industry development of current China is swift and violent, often contain a large amount of metallicses with recovery value in the waste water of producing due to board production enterprise, and heavy metals exceeding standard is serious, particularly also has a large amount of cupric ions in etching solution, its discharging meeting brings great harm to environment, so how to extract the cupric ion in etching solution, the production efficiency that improves electrolytic copper is the technical barrier of this area.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of electrolytic efficiency that is suitable for improving, convenient method of work of taking out the ion-exchange membrane electrolyzer of precipitating metal.
In order to address the above problem, the invention provides a kind of method of work of ion-exchange membrane electrolyzer, comprising:
Cell body, central processing unit is provided with ion-exchange membrane in described cell body, and described ion-exchange membrane is divided into anolyte compartment and cathode compartment with described cell body, and the bottom of described cell body is also established one and is gone out funnel, and describedly goes out funnel and be connected with described cathode compartment; Describedly go out funnel and be connected with a drain pipe with the discharging electrolysis waste solution; Establish a collecting bin that is suitable for collecting the metal of separating out in the described bottom that goes out funnel, and the entrance of this collecting bin is connected with the described bottom that goes out funnel;
The bottom of described collecting bin is provided with discharge opening, a weight sensor is established to detect the weight of the metal in collecting bin in bottom in collecting bin, this weight sensor is connected with described central processing unit, establishes a valve in the ingress of described collecting bin, and this valve and discharge opening are controlled by central processing unit;
Wherein,
1. the electrolytic reaction of the described ion-exchange membrane electrolyzer metal of separating out slips into out funnel, and enters collecting bin;
2. described central processing unit cuts out described valve when described weight sensor detects metal that described collecting bin collects and reaches certainweight, and opens discharge opening and unload metal in collecting bin;
3. discharging complete after, close described discharge opening and valve, described ion-exchange membrane electrolyzer continues electrolytic reaction.
Establish one at described drain pipe 3 and control the bleed valve 3-1 that electrolysis waste solution discharges, namely in the time of electrolytic reaction, close this bleed valve 3-1.
Further, the method for work of ion-exchange membrane electrolyzer also comprises: the three-phase power input end connection one at described ion-exchange membrane electrolyzer is suitable for correcting the chain type SVG device of power factor (PF).
Described chain type SVG device comprises:
The multi-electrical level inverter of H electric bridge multi-type, it is made of the three-phase H bridge power model that is connected in described three-phase supply, wherein, sets up at least one standby H electric bridge element circuit in every phase H bridge power model;
The auto by pass circuit is located at the output terminal of each H electric bridge element circuit, and when a H electric bridge element circuit is damaged, with this H electric bridge element circuit bypass;
Sample circuit is suitable for gathering the momentary value of the voltage and current of described three-phase supply;
Minute phase current independent controling circuit, it is connected with described sample circuit is suitable for calculating according to the momentary value of the voltage and current of described three-phase supply modulation ratio M and the phasing degree of the required sinusoidal modulation wave of described pulse-width modulation circuit
Pulse-width modulation circuit is connected with described minute phase current independent controling circuit, is used for modulation ratio M and phasing degree according to described sinusoidal modulation wave
The carrier wave choppy sea phase shift SPWM that adopts between each H electric bridge element circuit is controlled; Namely, after the H electric bridge element circuit bypass that damages, this pulse-width modulation circuit is suitable on constant basis of the sampling period that keeps described sample circuit, change the carrier frequency of described carrier wave choppy sea phase shift SPWM of a phase H bridge power model at the H electric bridge element circuit place of this damage, to obtain the pulsed modulation waveform of the carrier wave choppy sea phase shift SPWM corresponding with remaining H electric bridge element circuit quantity in this phase H bridge power model;
Described minute phase current independent controling circuit comprises:
Phaselocked loop, according to the momentary value of the voltage of described three-phase supply to follow the tracks of the voltage-phase of described three-phase supply;
The given module of wattless current is suitable for calculating the cosine amount of this voltage-phase and multiplying each other with a wattless current reference value according to the voltage-phase that described phaselocked loop draws, to obtain actual wattless current output;
The given module of wattful current, be suitable for calculating according to the voltage-phase that described phaselocked loop draws the sinusoidal quantity of this voltage-phase, simultaneously subtract each other and pass through according to the voltage reference value of the average voltage of the dc bus capacitor of described each phase H bridge power model and a direct current lateral capacitance and multiply each other with described sinusoidal quantity again after PI controls, export with the wattful current that obtains reality;
The momentary current tracking module, be used for first the electric current stack with the given module of described wattless current and the given module output of wattful current, then deduct the momentary current in described three-phase supply, and by controller to calculate modulation ratio M and the phasing degree of the required sinusoidal modulation wave of described pulse-width modulation circuit
Wherein, the method for work of described chain type SVG device comprises the steps:
A: when a H electric bridge element circuit damages, corresponding this H electric bridge element circuit of auto by pass circuit bypass;
B: described pulse-width modulation circuit is on constant basis of the sampling period that keeps described sample circuit, change the carrier frequency of described carrier wave choppy sea phase shift SPWM of a phase H bridge power model at the H electric bridge element circuit place of described damage, to obtain the pulsed modulation waveform of the carrier wave choppy sea phase shift SPWM corresponding with remaining H electric bridge element circuit quantity in this phase H bridge power model;
The method of work of described minute phase current independent controling circuit comprises the steps:
(1) by phaselocked loop according to the momentary value of voltage of the described three-phase supply of input to follow the tracks of the voltage-phase of described three-phase supply;
(2) voltage-phase that draws according to described phaselocked loop calculates the cosine amount of this voltage-phase and multiplies each other with a wattless current reference value, to obtain actual wattless current output;
(3) voltage-phase that draws according to described phaselocked loop calculates the sinusoidal quantity of this voltage-phase, simultaneously subtract each other and pass through according to the voltage reference value of the average voltage of the dc bus capacitor of described each phase H bridge power model and a direct current lateral capacitance and multiply each other with described sinusoidal quantity again after PI controls, export with the wattful current that obtains reality;
(4) be used for first electric current stack with the given module of described wattless current and the given module output of wattful current, then deduct the momentary current in described three-phase supply, and by controller to calculate modulation ratio M and the phasing degree of the required sinusoidal modulation wave of described pulse-width modulation circuit
Compared with prior art, the method of work of ion-exchange membrane electrolyzer of the present invention has following advantage: (1) utilizes described chain type SVG device, rectification causes the problem of the power factor (PF) decline of electrical network due to the electrolytic process of ion-exchange membrane electrolyzer, improved the utilization ratio of transformer; (2) be provided with standby H bridge element circuit in described chain type SVG device, in the time of can a H bridge element circuit breaks down again, the H bridge element circuit auto by pass of this fault, and guarantee the normal operation of H electric bridge multi-type multi-electrical level inverter, that is, correct grid power factor; (3) and when this H bridge power model is damaged, need not to shut down maintenance, guaranteed the stable of electrical network; (4) pulse-width modulation circuit is regulated the modulating wave of a phase H bridge power model that is damaged, and has effectively avoided the harmonic wave generation; (5) independently control by minute phase current the compensation problem that has realized the uneven output of three-phase supply; (6) by collecting bin, precipitating metal is collected, what can be realized separating out what are collected, accomplish electrolysis and collect two work separately, independent mutually; When the metal in collecting bin reached certainweight, shut-off valve prevented that liquid from flowing out, and the assurance etching solution is proceeded reaction in electrolyzer, but carry out simultaneously discharging work, when discharging finishes, close discharge opening, control valve is opened and is continued to collect the metal of separating out, and has greatly improved production efficiency; (7) after the metal of etching solution was complete by electrolysis, waste liquid was discharged from drain pipe, can not wash out the metal of collecting bin in discharge process.
Description of drawings
For content of the present invention is more likely to be clearly understood, below the specific embodiment and by reference to the accompanying drawings of basis, the present invention is further detailed explanation, wherein
The structural representation of Fig. 1 ion-exchange membrane electrolyzer of the present invention;
Fig. 2 ion-exchange membrane electrolyzer of the present invention connects the structural representation of three-phase supply and chain type SVG device;
The circuit structure diagram of the multi-electrical level inverter of Fig. 3 H electric bridge of the present invention multi-type;
The structured flowchart of of the present invention minute phase current independent controling circuit of Fig. 4;
The oscillogram of the stacked SPWM modulation of Fig. 5 carrier wave choppy sea of the present invention homophase individual layer;
Pulse generate sequential before Fig. 6 generation of the present invention H electric bridge unit module breaks down;
Pulse generate sequential after Fig. 7 the first fault of the present invention H electric bridge unit module is bypassed;
Pulse generate sequential after Fig. 8 the second fault of the present invention H electric bridge unit module is bypassed.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with drawings and Examples:
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of method of work of ion-exchange membrane electrolyzer comprises:
The bottom of described collecting bin 4 is provided with discharge opening 4-1, a weight sensor is established to detect the weight of the metal in collecting bin 4 in bottom in collecting bin 4, this weight sensor is connected with described central processing unit, establish a valve 4-2 in the ingress of described collecting bin 4, this valve 4-2 and discharge opening 4-1 are controlled by central processing unit;
Wherein,
1. state the metal that the electrolytic reaction of ion-exchange membrane electrolyzer separates out and slip into out funnel 2, and enter collecting bin 4;
When 2. described weight sensor detects metal that described collecting bin 4 collects and reaches certainweight, described central processing unit cuts out described valve 4-2, and opens discharge opening 4-1 and unload metal in collecting bin 4;
3. expect complete after, close described discharge opening 4-1 and valve 4-2, described ion-exchange membrane electrolyzer continues electrolytic reaction.
As shown in Fig. 2-3, the method for work of ion-exchange membrane electrolyzer also comprises: the three-phase power input end connection one at described ion-exchange membrane electrolyzer is suitable for correcting the chain type SVG device of power factor (PF);
Described chain type SVG device comprises:
The multi-electrical level inverter of H electric bridge multi-type, it is made of the three-phase H bridge power model that is connected in described three-phase supply, wherein, sets up at least one standby H electric bridge element circuit in every phase H bridge power model;
The auto by pass circuit is located at the output terminal of each H electric bridge element circuit, and when a H electric bridge element circuit is damaged, with this H electric bridge element circuit bypass;
Sample circuit is suitable for gathering the momentary value of the voltage and current of described three-phase supply, and this momentary value comprises amplitude, the cycle of voltage and current;
Minute phase current independent controling circuit, it is connected with described sample circuit is suitable for calculating according to the momentary value of the voltage and current of described three-phase supply modulation ratio M and the phasing degree of the required sinusoidal modulation wave of described pulse-width modulation circuit
Pulse-width modulation circuit is connected with described minute phase current independent controling circuit, is used for modulation ratio M and phasing degree according to described sinusoidal modulation wave
The carrier wave choppy sea phase shift SPWM that adopts between each H electric bridge element circuit is controlled; Namely, after the H electric bridge element circuit bypass that damages, this pulse-width modulation circuit is suitable on constant basis of the sampling period that keeps described sample circuit, change the carrier frequency of described carrier wave choppy sea phase shift SPWM of a phase H bridge power model at the H electric bridge element circuit place of this damage, to obtain the pulsed modulation waveform of the carrier wave choppy sea phase shift SPWM corresponding with remaining H electric bridge element circuit quantity in this phase H bridge power model.
See Fig. 4, described minute phase current independent controling circuit comprises:
Phaselocked loop, according to the momentary value of the voltage of described three-phase supply to follow the tracks of the voltage-phase of described three-phase supply;
The given module of wattless current is suitable for calculating the cosine amount of this voltage-phase and multiplying each other with a wattless current reference value according to the voltage-phase that described phaselocked loop draws, to obtain actual wattless current output;
The given module of wattful current, be suitable for calculating according to the voltage-phase that described phaselocked loop draws the sinusoidal quantity of this voltage-phase, simultaneously subtract each other and pass through according to the voltage reference value of the average voltage of the dc bus capacitor of described each phase H bridge power model and a direct current lateral capacitance and multiply each other with described sinusoidal quantity again after PI controls, export with the wattful current that obtains reality;
The momentary current tracking module, be used for first the electric current stack with the given module of described wattless current and the given module output of wattful current, then deduct the momentary current in described three-phase supply, and by controller to calculate modulation ratio M and the phasing degree of the required sinusoidal modulation wave of described pulse-width modulation circuit
Wherein reference current is the offset current of expectation, and the volts DS reference value is the offset voltage of expectation.
Described pulse-width modulation circuit relates to SPWM width modulation method, this SPWM width modulation method is to do modulating wave with a sine wave, doubly do that carrier wave carries out waveform relatively and the one group of amplitude that produces equates to the choppy sea of Sine Modulated wave frequency with F, width is proportional to the rectangular pulse train of sinusoidal modulation wave and comes equivalent sine wave, thus the break-make of trip switch device (being the switch device in multi-electrical level inverter).
The hybrid algo-rithm that the present invention adopts carrier wave choppy sea phase shift SPWM to control and the stacked SPWM of carrier wave choppy sea controls: as a whole, adopt carrier wave choppy sea phase shift SPWM to control between each H electric bridge element circuit, and the method that single H electric bridge element circuit adopts stacked SPWM to control, this modulator approach, output harmonic wave content is little, switching frequency is low, and can solve well the low problem of inversion efficiency.
Carrier wave choppy sea phase shift SPWM controls method, refer to for N H electric bridge element circuit, adopt N phase place different, but carrier wave choppy sea and same sinusoidal modulation wave that frequency is identical with amplitude compare, produce N group SPWM setting pulse waveform and remove respectively to control N H bridge, make each H electric bridge element circuit all export the identical SPWM voltage waveform of fundamental voltage, and then the SPWM voltage waveform of this N H electric bridge element circuit output is superposeed and synthesizes SPWM voltage with multiple levels waveform.
The Initial phase of N carrier wave choppy sea should be removed an angle successively, if adopt bipolarity carrier wave choppy sea, this angle is
If unipolarity carrier wave choppy sea, angle is
The stacked SPWM control of carrier wave choppy sea method is to use the SPWM modulation method of a kind of multi-electrical level inverter relatively early.The stacked SPWM modulation method of carrier wave choppy sea can be divided into two kinds, i.e. the stacked SPWM modulation method of individual layer and multilayer laminated formula SPWM modulation method, and these two kinds of methods can reach the technique effect of this patent.
The stacked SPWM modulation method of carrier wave choppy sea individual layer can be divided into again the stacked SPWM modulation method of the anti-phase individual layer of carrier wave choppy sea (single spin-echos of two carrier wave choppy seas) and the stacked SPWM modulation method of carrier wave choppy sea homophase individual layer (phase place of two carrier wave choppy seas is identical) according to the phase relationship of two triangular carriers.The stacked SPWM modulation method of the anti-phase individual layer of carrier wave choppy sea and the stacked SPWM modulation method of carrier wave choppy sea homophase individual layer this in two modulator approach do not have what quality minute, the present invention adopts the stacked SPWM modulation method of carrier wave choppy sea homophase individual layer.
In the stacked SPWM modulation method of carrier wave choppy sea homophase individual layer, two carrier wave choppy seas
With
Phase place identical, its work wave is as shown in Figure 5.Wherein
With
Be the carrier wave choppy sea of the upper and lower layer of transverse axis,
Be sinusoidal modulation wave.Compare with choppy sea with sinusoidal wave, at sine wave
Part greater than choppy sea can produce output SPWM pulse, at sine wave
Can produce the zero pulse of output voltage less than the part of choppy sea.Due to
With
Be homophase, that is to say
With
Be asymmetric with the coordinate transverse axis, so by sinusoidal wave and comparison choppy sea, the positive half cycle of the output voltage SPWM waveform of generation is not identical with negative semiaxis.
Appoint and to get a H electric bridge element circuit and study, from the power angle analysis.If
Be the output voltage of H electric bridge element circuit,
Be phase current,
Be the angle of output voltage and phase current, the wattful power of H electric bridge element circuit absorption is:
, as seen, by change H electric bridge element circuit output voltage size, phase current is big or small and angle between them just can change the wattful power of H bridge absorption.Because phase current
Size and Orientation fix, so can only change the size and Orientation of H electric bridge element circuit output voltage, namely correspond to modulation ratio M and the phase shifting angle of pulse-width modulation circuit output
The control strategy of chain type SVG adopts the control texture of layering: main total meritorious and wattless power of determining is controlled on the upper strata, and it is mainly to regulate the properly distributed of gaining merit between each H bridge of this phase that lower floor controls, and guarantees the dc capacitor voltage balance.The method that upper strata of the present invention is controlled adopts a minute phase current independently to control, calculate modulation ratio and the phasing degree of the modulating wave of expectation, be that sinusoidal function is superimposed upon on the modulating wave of this H electric bridge element circuit with the error quantization of each bridge DC side voltage, modulating wave phase place to each H electric bridge element circuit is finely tuned, and regulates the distribution of gaining merit between each H electric bridge element circuit.
There is not coupled relation in the three-phase dc side of chain type SVG, thereby can realize a minute phase control, and three-phase system is compensated respectively, all reasonable compensation effect can be arranged to equilibrium system and unbalanced system.The control strategy that proposes in leading portion, its upper strata are controlled and are adopted the full decoupled control of current status, and transient response is fast, good stability, but the situation when only having considered three-phase equilibrium when controller designs is not considered the unbalanced problem of three-phase system.Investigation shows to power grid quality, and more or less there be the asymmetric of phase place or amplitude in line voltage, that is to say in practical situation, and three-phase system is unbalanced mostly.
The auto by pass circuit adopts the auto by pass technology, and the auto by pass technology is exactly directly with the bypass of fault power module AC side, thereby realizes separating of malfunctioning module and device.By the outgoing side at each power unit module, a bypass mechanism is set and realizes auto by pass.
Can adopt the output terminal at each H electric bridge element circuit to be provided with a rly., utilize to control often to open with normally off and realize that fault H electric bridge element circuit separates with this phase H bridge power model; Also can adopt rectifier bridge and thyristor, the output terminal of each H electric bridge element circuit is connected to the rectifier bridge that two pairs of diodes form, so thyristor is under forward voltage drop all the time.When supervisory system detects the power model internal fault, block immediately the IGBT pulse, and trigger the thyristor conducting, realize that bypass separates; Perhaps adopt bidirectional thyristor.
After having fault H electric bridge element circuit to be bypassed in a certain phase H bridge power model, if the pulse transmission of the sinusoidal modulation signal of pulse-width modulation circuit output or transmission during according to normal operation, and the output of this chain type SVG Controlling System only has N H electric bridge element circuit output voltage stack, and harmonic content will increase.Therefore, for a remaining N non-fault H electric bridge element circuit, modulation strategy need be done corresponding adjustment.
Because the stacked SPWM of carrier wave choppy sea just works in single H electric bridge element circuit inside, so malfunctioning module separates not impact of the stacked SPWM modulation of carrier wave choppy sea, only carrier wave choppy sea phase shift SPWM impacted.So, analyze for convenient, only carrier wave choppy sea phase shift SPWM is analyzed.If during N+1 H electric bridge element circuit series connection, the carrier frequency of this chain type SVG Controlling System is 1/T
c, the sampling period is T
s, when carrier wave is unipolarity, sampling period T
s=T
c/ [2 (N+1)].The below separates rear two kinds of inflation method commonly used for the H electric bridge element circuit that is out of order.
First method: T
cConstant, T
sChange
For simplifying the analysis, before selecting fault, establishing described multi-electrical level inverter number is n+1=6, the sampling period T of each phase H bridge power model
s=T
c/ 12, at 0/6T
s, T
s/ 7T
s, 2T
s/ 8T
s, 3T
s/ 9T
s, 4T
s/ 10T
s, 5T
s/ 11T
sMoment sample modulation ripple, and relatively generate corresponding tripping pulse, as shown in Figure 6.
If a certain H electric bridge element circuit because of break down separated rear (supposing that first H electric bridge element circuit is separated), as modulation strategy not being adjusted accordingly, remains the pulse generate sequential of N non-fault H electric bridge element circuit as shown in Fig. 7 (a).As can be seen from the figure the sampling interval between H electric bridge element circuit 0 and H electric bridge element circuit 2 is 2T
sBut the sampling interval between other power H electric bridge element circuit is T
s, this does not obviously meet the ultimate principle of phase-shifted SPWM modulation.The harmonic content of the output voltage of SVG device must increase.
If carrier cycle is constant, be still T
c, but with the sampling period at T
cIn readjust.As shown in Fig. 7 (b), after fault, the quantity of described multi-electrical level inverter becomes 5, thereby the sampling period after modulation is T
s'=T
c/ 10.To produce like this complete phase-shifting carrier wave output pulse of N=5.
The method is adjusted the switch modulation strategy of this phase phase-shifted SPWM by the sampling period that changes fault phase (a phase H bridge power model at the H electric bridge element circuit place of breaking down).Concerning this phase, can play good regulating effect.
Second method: T
cChange T
sConstant
When first H electric bridge element circuit breaks down when separated, keep sampling period T
sConstant, adjust carrier wave choppy sea cycle of this phase.As shown in Figure 8.
After adjusting, the carrier cycle of fault phase is Tc ', keeps the carrier cycle Tc of other healthy phases constant.Pulse sequence after adjustment is as shown in Fig. 8 (b): at 0/5Ts, Ts/6Ts, 2Ts/7Ts, 3Ts/8Ts, 4Ts/9Ts constantly, a sample modulation ripple generates the tripping pulse of H bridge power model.Like this, obtained the phase-shifted SPWM pulsed modulation waveform of complete N=5.Sampling period not change before and after malfunctioning module separates due to fault phase after fault is separated, still can guarantee the synchronism of tri-phase current sampling.
The method of work of described minute phase current independent controling circuit.See Fig. 4, in figure
,
,
, collect the three-phase voltage momentary value for Acquisition Circuit;
,
,
The voltage-phase of the three-phase supply that traces into for PLL;
,
,
, be each phase wattless current reference value;
,
,
Average voltage for the dc bus capacitor of each phase H bridge power model;
The voltage reference value of dc bus capacitor;
,
,
For Acquisition Circuit collects the tri-phase current momentary value; Can calculate the reference signal of SVG output voltage by corresponding PI controller, more further calculate the voltage reference value of corresponding each phase wattless current reference value and dc bus capacitor according to Instantaneous Power Theory.The concrete grammar of the voltage reference value of each phase wattless current reference value of above-mentioned acquisition and dc bus capacitor sees document for details: Yang Jun, Wang Zhaoan, Qiu Guanyuan. a kind of detection method [J] of Harmonic in Single-phase Circuit and wattless current, electrotechnology journal, 1996 (3), 11 (3): 42-46; Jiang Bin, Yan Gangfeng, Zhao Guangzhou. single phase circuit Instantaneous Harmonic and real time sampling idle novel method [J]. Automation of Electric Systems, 2000 (11): 36-39.
The method of work of described chain type SVG device comprises the steps:
A: when a H electric bridge element circuit damages, corresponding this H electric bridge element circuit of auto by pass circuit bypass;
B: described pulse-width modulation circuit is on constant basis of the sampling period that keeps described sample circuit, change the carrier frequency of described carrier wave choppy sea phase shift SPWM of a phase H bridge power model at the H electric bridge element circuit place of described damage, to obtain the pulsed modulation waveform of the carrier wave choppy sea phase shift SPWM corresponding with remaining H electric bridge element circuit quantity in this phase H bridge power model;
The method of work of described minute phase current independent controling circuit comprises the steps:
(1) by phaselocked loop according to the momentary value of voltage of the described three-phase supply of input to follow the tracks of the voltage-phase of described three-phase supply;
(2) voltage-phase that draws according to described phaselocked loop calculates the cosine amount of this voltage-phase and multiplies each other with a wattless current reference value, to obtain actual wattless current output;
(3) voltage-phase that draws according to described phaselocked loop calculates the sinusoidal quantity of this voltage-phase, simultaneously subtract each other and pass through according to the voltage reference value of the average voltage of the dc bus capacitor of described each phase H bridge power model and a direct current lateral capacitance and multiply each other with described sinusoidal quantity again after PI controls, export with the wattful current that obtains reality;
(4) be used for first electric current stack with the given module of described wattless current and the given module output of wattful current, then deduct the momentary current in described three-phase supply, and by controller to calculate modulation ratio M and the phasing degree of the required sinusoidal modulation wave of described pulse-width modulation circuit
Obviously, above-described embodiment is only for example of the present invention clearly is described, and is not to be restriction to embodiments of the present invention.For those of ordinary skill in the field, can also make other changes in different forms on the basis of the above description.Here need not also can't give all embodiments exhaustive.And these belong to apparent variation or the change that spirit of the present invention extended out and still are among protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. the method for work of an ion-exchange membrane electrolyzer comprises:
Cell body, central processing unit is provided with ion-exchange membrane in described cell body, and described ion-exchange membrane is divided into anolyte compartment and cathode compartment with described cell body, and the bottom of described cell body is also established one and is gone out funnel, and describedly goes out funnel and be connected with described cathode compartment; Describedly go out funnel and be connected with a drain pipe with the discharging electrolysis waste solution; Establish a collecting bin that is suitable for collecting the metal of separating out in the described bottom that goes out funnel, and the entrance of this collecting bin is connected with the described bottom that goes out funnel;
The bottom of described collecting bin is provided with discharge opening, a weight sensor is established to detect the weight of the metal in collecting bin in bottom in collecting bin, this weight sensor is connected with described central processing unit, establishes a valve in the ingress of described collecting bin, and this valve and discharge opening are controlled by central processing unit;
Wherein,
1. the electrolytic reaction of the described ion-exchange membrane electrolyzer metal of separating out slips into out funnel, and enters collecting bin;
2. described central processing unit cuts out described valve when described weight sensor detects metal that described collecting bin collects and reaches certainweight, and opens discharge opening and unload metal in collecting bin;
3. discharging complete after, close described discharge opening and valve, described ion-exchange membrane electrolyzer continues electrolytic reaction.
2. the method for work of ion-exchange membrane electrolyzer according to claim 1 characterized by further comprising: connect one at the three-phase power input end of described ion-exchange membrane electrolyzer and be suitable for correcting the chain type SVG device of power factor (PF);
Described chain type SVG device comprises:
The multi-electrical level inverter of H electric bridge multi-type, it is made of the three-phase H bridge power model that is connected in described three-phase supply, wherein, sets up at least one standby H electric bridge element circuit in every phase H bridge power model;
The auto by pass circuit is located at the output terminal of each H electric bridge element circuit, and when a H electric bridge element circuit is damaged, with this H electric bridge element circuit bypass;
Sample circuit is suitable for gathering the momentary value of the voltage and current of described three-phase supply;
Minute phase current independent controling circuit, it is connected with described sample circuit is suitable for calculating according to the momentary value of the voltage and current of described three-phase supply modulation ratio M and the phasing degree of the required sinusoidal modulation wave of described pulse-width modulation circuit
Pulse-width modulation circuit is connected with described minute phase current independent controling circuit, is used for modulation ratio M and phasing degree according to described sinusoidal modulation wave
The carrier wave choppy sea phase shift SPWM that adopts between each H electric bridge element circuit is controlled; Namely, after the H electric bridge element circuit bypass that damages, this pulse-width modulation circuit is suitable on constant basis of the sampling period that keeps described sample circuit, change the carrier frequency of described carrier wave choppy sea phase shift SPWM of a phase H bridge power model at the H electric bridge element circuit place of this damage, to obtain the pulsed modulation waveform of the carrier wave choppy sea phase shift SPWM corresponding with remaining H electric bridge element circuit quantity in this phase H bridge power model;
Described minute phase current independent controling circuit comprises:
Phaselocked loop, according to the momentary value of the voltage of described three-phase supply to follow the tracks of the voltage-phase of described three-phase supply;
The given module of wattless current is suitable for calculating the cosine amount of this voltage-phase and multiplying each other with a wattless current reference value according to the voltage-phase that described phaselocked loop draws, to obtain actual wattless current output;
The given module of wattful current, be suitable for calculating according to the voltage-phase that described phaselocked loop draws the sinusoidal quantity of this voltage-phase, simultaneously subtract each other and pass through according to the voltage reference value of the average voltage of the dc bus capacitor of described each phase H bridge power model and a direct current lateral capacitance and multiply each other with described sinusoidal quantity again after PI controls, export with the wattful current that obtains reality;
The momentary current tracking module, be used for first the electric current stack with the given module of described wattless current and the given module output of wattful current, then deduct the momentary current in described three-phase supply, and by controller to calculate modulation ratio M and the phasing degree of the required sinusoidal modulation wave of described pulse-width modulation circuit
Wherein, the method for work of described chain type SVG device comprises the steps:
A: when a H electric bridge element circuit damages, corresponding this H electric bridge element circuit of auto by pass circuit bypass;
B: described pulse-width modulation circuit is on constant basis of the sampling period that keeps described sample circuit, change the carrier frequency of described carrier wave choppy sea phase shift SPWM of a phase H bridge power model at the H electric bridge element circuit place of described damage, to obtain the pulsed modulation waveform of the carrier wave choppy sea phase shift SPWM corresponding with remaining H electric bridge element circuit quantity in this phase H bridge power model;
The method of work of described minute phase current independent controling circuit comprises the steps:
(1) by phaselocked loop according to the momentary value of voltage of the described three-phase supply of input to follow the tracks of the voltage-phase of described three-phase supply;
(2) voltage-phase that draws according to described phaselocked loop calculates the cosine amount of this voltage-phase and multiplies each other with a wattless current reference value, to obtain actual wattless current output;
(3) voltage-phase that draws according to described phaselocked loop calculates the sinusoidal quantity of this voltage-phase, simultaneously subtract each other and pass through according to the voltage reference value of the average voltage of the dc bus capacitor of described each phase H bridge power model and a direct current lateral capacitance and multiply each other with described sinusoidal quantity again after PI controls, export with the wattful current that obtains reality;
(4) be used for first electric current stack with the given module of described wattless current and the given module output of wattful current, then deduct the momentary current in described three-phase supply, and by controller to calculate modulation ratio M and the phasing degree of the required sinusoidal modulation wave of described pulse-width modulation circuit
Priority Applications (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510755873.8A CN105332007A (en) | 2012-12-13 | 2012-12-13 | Ionic exchange membrane cell of chain type SVG device with power correcting factor |
| CN201510758129.3A CN105274578A (en) | 2012-12-13 | 2012-12-13 | Ion membrane electrolytic bath with power factor correcting function for chained of scalable vector graphics (SVG) device |
| CN201510761484.6A CN105239108A (en) | 2012-12-13 | 2012-12-13 | Ionic membrane electrolytic cell of chain-type static var generator (SVG) device containing power correcting factor |
| CN201210539635.XA CN103103576B (en) | 2012-12-13 | 2012-12-13 | A kind of method of work of ion-exchange membrane electrolyzer |
| CN201510755921.3A CN105239107A (en) | 2012-12-13 | 2012-12-13 | Ionic membrane electrolytic cell of chain type SVG device with correctable power factor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210539635.XA CN103103576B (en) | 2012-12-13 | 2012-12-13 | A kind of method of work of ion-exchange membrane electrolyzer |
Related Child Applications (4)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510758129.3A Division CN105274578A (en) | 2012-12-13 | 2012-12-13 | Ion membrane electrolytic bath with power factor correcting function for chained of scalable vector graphics (SVG) device |
| CN201510761484.6A Division CN105239108A (en) | 2012-12-13 | 2012-12-13 | Ionic membrane electrolytic cell of chain-type static var generator (SVG) device containing power correcting factor |
| CN201510755873.8A Division CN105332007A (en) | 2012-12-13 | 2012-12-13 | Ionic exchange membrane cell of chain type SVG device with power correcting factor |
| CN201510755921.3A Division CN105239107A (en) | 2012-12-13 | 2012-12-13 | Ionic membrane electrolytic cell of chain type SVG device with correctable power factor |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN103103576A true CN103103576A (en) | 2013-05-15 |
| CN103103576B CN103103576B (en) | 2015-12-09 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510761484.6A Withdrawn CN105239108A (en) | 2012-12-13 | 2012-12-13 | Ionic membrane electrolytic cell of chain-type static var generator (SVG) device containing power correcting factor |
| CN201510755873.8A Withdrawn CN105332007A (en) | 2012-12-13 | 2012-12-13 | Ionic exchange membrane cell of chain type SVG device with power correcting factor |
| CN201210539635.XA Active CN103103576B (en) | 2012-12-13 | 2012-12-13 | A kind of method of work of ion-exchange membrane electrolyzer |
| CN201510755921.3A Withdrawn CN105239107A (en) | 2012-12-13 | 2012-12-13 | Ionic membrane electrolytic cell of chain type SVG device with correctable power factor |
| CN201510758129.3A Withdrawn CN105274578A (en) | 2012-12-13 | 2012-12-13 | Ion membrane electrolytic bath with power factor correcting function for chained of scalable vector graphics (SVG) device |
Family Applications Before (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510761484.6A Withdrawn CN105239108A (en) | 2012-12-13 | 2012-12-13 | Ionic membrane electrolytic cell of chain-type static var generator (SVG) device containing power correcting factor |
| CN201510755873.8A Withdrawn CN105332007A (en) | 2012-12-13 | 2012-12-13 | Ionic exchange membrane cell of chain type SVG device with power correcting factor |
Family Applications After (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510755921.3A Withdrawn CN105239107A (en) | 2012-12-13 | 2012-12-13 | Ionic membrane electrolytic cell of chain type SVG device with correctable power factor |
| CN201510758129.3A Withdrawn CN105274578A (en) | 2012-12-13 | 2012-12-13 | Ion membrane electrolytic bath with power factor correcting function for chained of scalable vector graphics (SVG) device |
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| CN (5) | CN105239108A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103103558A (en) * | 2012-12-13 | 2013-05-15 | 苏州新区化工节能设备厂 | Ionic exchange membrane electrolyser |
| CN107338457A (en) * | 2017-08-25 | 2017-11-10 | 重庆科技学院 | A kind of electrolytic cell of new recovery metal secondary resource |
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| CN103103558B (en) * | 2012-12-13 | 2016-05-04 | 苏州赛斯德工程设备有限公司 | A kind of ion-exchange membrane electrolyzer |
| CN107338457A (en) * | 2017-08-25 | 2017-11-10 | 重庆科技学院 | A kind of electrolytic cell of new recovery metal secondary resource |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN103103576B (en) | 2015-12-09 |
| CN105332007A (en) | 2016-02-17 |
| CN105274578A (en) | 2016-01-27 |
| CN105239107A (en) | 2016-01-13 |
| CN105239108A (en) | 2016-01-13 |
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