CN103103459B - Large-scale forging and manufacture process wind electricity slewing bearing forging and manufacturing process - Google Patents
Large-scale forging and manufacture process wind electricity slewing bearing forging and manufacturing process Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a large-scale forging and manufacture process wind electricity slewing bearing forging and a manufacture process, the manufacture process comprises the following steps: selecting materials, blanking, heating, forging, performing thermal treatment after forging, front machining, rear machining, performing physical and chemical inspection, ultrasonic flaw detection, performing finish machining, cleaning and packaging. The first normalising temperature is higher than second normalising temperature, the second normalising can not destroy the first normalising effect, the structure refinement effect is more obvious; normalising adopts heating by segments, the second segment heating reduce the difference of temperature between surface and core on the basis of first segment heating, the thickness direction structure of the large-scale forging and manufacture process wind electricity slewing bearing forging is fine and uniform, the heat treatment employs heating by segments, and the normalising and tempering technical effect can be further guaranteed, and the requirements that elongation percentage is greater than or equal to 13 and the transverse plane shrinkage is greater and equal to 55 can be guaranteed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of bearing forging and manufacturing process, specifically a kind of large-scale wind electricity rotating bearing forging and manufacturing process thereof.
Background technology
According to the planning of " 12 " renewable energy source, wind-powered electricity generation is greatly developed the important industry as renewable energy source, plans 5,000,000 kilowatts of China's offshore wind farm installations in 2015, is planned for 3,000 ten thousand kilowatts of the year two thousand twenty offshore wind farm installations.Wind power equipment is manufactured fast-developing, and 5 megawatts and the large-scale wind power generating set of 6 megawatts are are in succession researched and developed and produced, and 6 megawatt large-scale wind electricity rotating bearings are also manufactured in research and development thereupon.Large-size pivoting support need meet the requirement of large-scale wind electricity user to heavy froging property indices.Tissue, grain fineness number and the depth of hardening zone of the rotating bearing forging of existing explained hereafter cannot meet large-size pivoting support requirement, distortion and the stressed condition of matrix after table is quenched has larger impact to following process, thereby the tensile strength of causing, yield strength, unit elongation, end face shrinking percentage and corrosion resistance are not high.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is:
How to ensure that large-scale wind electricity rotating bearing forging has and has outstanding corrosion resistance;
How to ensure that large-scale wind electricity rotating bearing forging has high-tensile and high-yield strength;
How to ensure that large-scale wind electricity rotating bearing forging has less surfaceness, organize more uniform and stable, few pore and trachoma.
The technical scheme that the present invention solves above technical problem is:
A kind of large-scale wind electricity rotating bearing forging, the mass percent of its chemical composition is: C:0.55-0.65%, Si:0.65-0.75%, Mn:0.55-0.65%, Ni:0.2-0.4%, Cr:2-4%, Nb:0.15-0.25%, Cu:0.05-0.08%, N:0.08-0.09%, Mo:0.15-0.18%, Al:0.1-0.3%, S:0.07-0.09%, Ti:0.01-0.03%, V:0.7-0.9%, B:0.008-0.009%, compound rare-earth: 1-3%, surplus is Fe.
A manufacturing process for large-scale wind electricity rotating bearing forging, is undertaken by following operation: selection-blanking-heating-forging-forging postheat treatment-front machining-thermal treatment-rear machining-physical and chemical inspection-UT (Ultrasonic Testing)-precision work-clean-packaging;
Heating process adopts zone heating, and first paragraph Heating temperature is 660-680 DEG C of heating, and to the rear insulation of temperature 11-13min, second segment Heating temperature is 620-640 DEG C of heating, after temperature, is incubated 15-17min, and then water-cooled is to room temperature;
Forging postheat treatment operation employing double normalizing+mono-time tempering+cooling, normalizing temperature is greater than normalizing temperature for the second time for the first time;
Normalizing for the first time: adopt zone heating, first paragraph Heating temperature is 900-930 DEG C, to the rear insulation of temperature 17-19min, second segment Heating temperature is 800-830 DEG C, after temperature, is incubated 21-23min, then after air cooling 5-7min, carries out normalizing for the second time;
Normalizing for the second time: adopt zone heating, first paragraph Heating temperature is 720-750 DEG C of heating, to the rear insulation of temperature 5-7min, second segment Heating temperature is 630-650 DEG C of heating, after temperature, is incubated 15-17min, then water-cooled is to room temperature;
Tempering: tempering temperature 740-760 DEG C is incubated 16-18min after temperature, then carries out cooling;
The method that cooling employing water-cooled is combined with air cooling, first adopt water-cooled with the rate of cooling of 4-6 DEG C/s by steel plate water-cooled to 560-580 DEG C, then air cooling is to 470-490 DEG C, then adopt water-cooled with the rate of cooling of 1-3 DEG C/s by steel plate water-cooled to room temperature;
Thermal treatment adopts zone heating, and first paragraph Heating temperature is 760-780 DEG C of heating, and to the rear insulation of temperature 15-17min, second segment Heating temperature is 660-680 DEG C of heating, after temperature, is incubated 5-7min, and then air cooling is to room temperature.
In above operation: selection, blanking, forging, front machining, rear machining, physical and chemical inspection, UT (Ultrasonic Testing), precision work, clean and packaging are all used existing conventional process.
The technical scheme that the present invention further limits is:
Aforesaid large-scale wind electricity rotating bearing forging, the constituent mass per-cent of wherein said compound rare-earth is: lanthanum: 12-15%, cerium: 15-18%, scandium: 16-19%, yttrium: 9-11%, samarium: 7-9%, neodymium: 11-13%, gadolinium: 7-9%, praseodymium: 1-3%, dysprosium: 8-15%, all the other lanthanon: 1-3%, above each component sum is 100%.
Aforesaid large-scale wind electricity rotating bearing forging, the mass percent of its chemical composition is: C:0.55%, Si:0.65%, Mn:0.65%, Ni:0.4%, Cr:2%, Nb:0.15%, Cu:0.08%, N:0.08%, Mo:0.15%, Al:0.1%, S:0.07%, Ti:0.01%, V:0.7%, B:0.008%, compound rare-earth: 3%, surplus is Fe; The constituent mass per-cent of described compound rare-earth is: lanthanum: 12%, and cerium: 18%, scandium: 19%, yttrium: 9%, samarium: 7%, neodymium: 11%, gadolinium: 7%, praseodymium: 1%, dysprosium: 15%, all the other lanthanon: 1%.
Aforesaid large-scale wind electricity rotating bearing forging, the mass percent of its chemical composition is: C:0.65%, Si:0.75%, Mn:0.55%, Ni:0.3%, Cr:4%, Nb:0.25%, Cu:0.05%, N:0.09%, Mo:0.16%, Al:0.3%, S:0.09%, Ti:0.02%, V:0.8%, B:0.009%, compound rare-earth: 2%, surplus is Fe; The constituent mass per-cent of described compound rare-earth is: lanthanum: 15%, and cerium: 15%, scandium: 16%, yttrium: 11%, samarium: 8%, neodymium: 13%, gadolinium: 8%, praseodymium: 2%, dysprosium: 10%, all the other lanthanon: 2%.
Aforesaid large-scale wind electricity rotating bearing forging, the mass percent of its chemical composition is: C:0.6%, Si:0.7%, Mn:0.6%, Ni:0.2%, Cr:3%, Nb:0.2%, Cu:0.07%, N:0.08%, Mo:0.18%, Al:0.2%, S:0.08%, Ti:0.03%, V:0.09%, B:0.008%, compound rare-earth: 1%, surplus is Fe; The constituent mass per-cent of described compound rare-earth is: lanthanum: 13%, and cerium: 16%, scandium: 17%, yttrium: 10%, samarium: 9%, neodymium: 12%, gadolinium: 9%, praseodymium: 3%, dysprosium: 8%, all the other lanthanon: 3%.
Advantage of the present invention is:
The present invention is by the restriction of composition and processing parameter, particularly add appropriate lanthanide series rare-earth elements, and double normalizing+mono-time tempering+cooling heat treatment step, both avoided carbide separating out at intergranular, prevent again carburizing and the nitriding of heat treatment process, ensured the corrosion resistance of material simultaneously; Heating process of the present invention adopts zone heating, makes the distortion of matrix after table is quenched less by temperature control, and stressed condition is better, ensures that following process is less on matrix impact; After double normalizing, make the defects such as the banded structure of large-scale wind electricity rotating bearing forging alleviate obviously, structure refinement is even; A tempering after normalizing, organizes more uniform and stablely, and more refinement of crystal grain, is greatly improved tensile strength, yield strength, toughness and the low temperature impact properties of large-scale wind electricity rotating bearing forging; After tempering, adopt special process for cooling, prevented carburizing and the nitriding of heat treatment process, ensured the corrosion resistance of material; Thermal treatment also adopts zone heating, has further ensured the technique effect of normalizing and tempering, has ensured unit elongation >=13, the requirement of end face shrinking percentage >=55.
The present invention for the first time normalizing temperature, higher than normalizing temperature for the second time, makes normalizing for the second time not destroy the effect of normalizing for the first time, makes tissue thinning effect more obvious; Zone heating is taked in normalizing, and second segment heating can reduce temperature poor of surface and heart portion on the basis of first paragraph heating, makes large-scale wind electricity rotating bearing forging thickness direction fine microstructures even; After normalizing, tempering further reduces the poor of surface and the temperature of heart portion, thereby makes surperficially to reach unanimity to heart portion performance; Cooling after tempering, the method of being combined with air cooling by water-cooled, first with speed of cooling water-cooled faster, then carry out air cooling, finally pass through again slower cooling by water to room temperature, not only can improve the toughness of large-scale wind electricity rotating bearing forging and obtain good comprehensive mechanical property (specifically can see below the mechanical property of invention advantage part), and making to organize more uniform and stable, seldom there is pore and trachoma, ensured the corrosion resistance of material.
In a word, the present invention takes zone heating, can effectively shorten the time that adds of high temperature section, makes grain refinement effect more obvious, and the grain fineness number of organizing of thickness direction is reached unanimity; Adopt double normalizing, and normalizing temperature is higher for the first time, can crystal grain thinning, improve intensity and toughness simultaneously, and can alleviate or eliminate the defects such as banded structure, improve the overall impact property of large-scale wind electricity rotating bearing forging; A tempering after normalizing, organizes more uniform and stablely, and low temperature impact properties further improves, and surface to heart portion performance reaches unanimity; Coolingly be combined with air cooling by water-cooled, and by the speed control of speed of cooling, and make to organize more uniform and stable, seldom occur pore and trachoma, and obtain good comprehensive mechanical property and corrosion resistance.Large-scale wind electricity rotating bearing forging of the present invention is through NSS test and ASS test, and test-results all has comparatively excellent corrosion resistance nature.
The specific performance of large-scale wind electricity rotating bearing forging of the present invention is: tensile strength 900-1050MP, yield strength >=750MP, unit elongation >=13, the requirement of end face shrinking percentage >=55.
Specific performance of the present invention can see the following form:
Table 1 the present invention and the contrast of conventional large-scale wind electricity rotating bearing forging performance index
Embodiment
embodiment 1
The large-scale wind electricity rotating bearing forging of the present embodiment, the mass percent of its chemical composition is: C:0.55%, Si:0.65%, Mn:0.65%, Ni:0.4%, Cr:2%, Nb:0.15%, Cu:0.08%, N:0.08%, Mo:0.15%, Al:0.1%, S:0.07%, Ti:0.01%, V:0.7%, B:0.008%, compound rare-earth: 3%, surplus is Fe; The constituent mass per-cent of compound rare-earth is: lanthanum: 12%, and cerium: 18%, scandium: 19%, yttrium: 9%, samarium: 7%, neodymium: 11%, gadolinium: 7%, praseodymium: 1%, dysprosium: 15%, all the other lanthanon: 1%.
The manufacturing process of the present embodiment large-scale wind electricity rotating bearing forging, is undertaken by following operation: selection-blanking-heating-forging-forging postheat treatment-front machining-thermal treatment-rear machining-physical and chemical inspection-UT (Ultrasonic Testing)-precision work-clean-packaging; In above operation: selection, blanking, forging, front machining, rear machining, physical and chemical inspection, UT (Ultrasonic Testing), precision work, clean and packaging are all used existing conventional process.
Heating process adopts zone heating, and first paragraph Heating temperature is 660 DEG C of heating, and to the rear insulation of temperature 11min, second segment Heating temperature is 620 DEG C of heating, after temperature, is incubated 15min, and then water-cooled is to room temperature.
Forging postheat treatment operation employing double normalizing+mono-time tempering+cooling, normalizing temperature is greater than normalizing temperature for the second time for the first time; Normalizing for the first time: adopt zone heating, first paragraph Heating temperature is 900 DEG C, to the rear insulation of temperature 17min, second segment Heating temperature is 800 DEG C, after temperature, is incubated 21min, then after air cooling 5min, carries out normalizing for the second time; Normalizing for the second time: adopt zone heating, first paragraph Heating temperature is 720 DEG C of heating, to the rear insulation of temperature 5min, second segment Heating temperature is 630 DEG C of heating, after temperature, is incubated 15min, then water-cooled is to room temperature; Tempering: 740 DEG C of tempering temperatures, after temperature, be incubated 16min, then carry out cooling; The method that cooling employing water-cooled is combined with air cooling, first adopt water-cooled with the rate of cooling of 4 DEG C/s by steel plate water-cooled to 560 DEG C, then air cooling to 470 DEG C, then adopt water-cooled with the rate of cooling of 1 DEG C/s by steel plate water-cooled to room temperature.
Thermal treatment adopts zone heating, and first paragraph Heating temperature is 760 DEG C of heating, and to the rear insulation of temperature 15min, second segment Heating temperature is 660 DEG C of heating, after temperature, is incubated 5min, and then air cooling is to room temperature.
embodiment 2
The large-scale wind electricity rotating bearing forging of the present embodiment, the mass percent of its chemical composition is: C:0.65%, Si:0.75%, Mn:0.55%, Ni:0.3%, Cr:4%, Nb:0.25%, Cu:0.05%, N:0.09%, Mo:0.16%, Al:0.3%, S:0.09%, Ti:0.02%, V:0.8%, B:0.009%, compound rare-earth: 2%, surplus is Fe; The constituent mass per-cent of compound rare-earth is: lanthanum: 15%, and cerium: 15%, scandium: 16%, yttrium: 11%, samarium: 8%, neodymium: 13%, gadolinium: 8%, praseodymium: 2%, dysprosium: 10%, all the other lanthanon: 2%.
The manufacturing process of the present embodiment large-scale wind electricity rotating bearing forging, is undertaken by following operation: selection-blanking-heating-forging-forging postheat treatment-front machining-thermal treatment-rear machining-physical and chemical inspection-UT (Ultrasonic Testing)-precision work-clean-packaging; In above operation: selection, blanking, forging, front machining, rear machining, physical and chemical inspection, UT (Ultrasonic Testing), precision work, clean and packaging are all used existing conventional process.
Heating process adopts zone heating, and first paragraph Heating temperature is 670 DEG C of heating, and to the rear insulation of temperature 12min, second segment Heating temperature is 630 DEG C of heating, after temperature, is incubated 16min, and then water-cooled is to room temperature.
Forging postheat treatment operation employing double normalizing+mono-time tempering+cooling, normalizing temperature is greater than normalizing temperature for the second time for the first time; Normalizing for the first time: adopt zone heating, first paragraph Heating temperature is 920 DEG C, to the rear insulation of temperature 18min, second segment Heating temperature is 820 DEG C, after temperature, is incubated 22min, then after air cooling 6min, carries out normalizing for the second time; Normalizing for the second time: adopt zone heating, first paragraph Heating temperature is 730 DEG C of heating, to the rear insulation of temperature 6min, second segment Heating temperature is 640 DEG C of heating, after temperature, is incubated 16min, then water-cooled is to room temperature; Tempering: 750 DEG C of tempering temperatures, after temperature, be incubated 17min, then carry out cooling; The method that cooling employing water-cooled is combined with air cooling, first adopt water-cooled with the rate of cooling of 5 DEG C/s by steel plate water-cooled to 570 DEG C, then air cooling to 480 DEG C, then adopt water-cooled with the rate of cooling of 2 DEG C/s by steel plate water-cooled to room temperature.
Thermal treatment adopts zone heating, and first paragraph Heating temperature is 770 DEG C of heating, and to the rear insulation of temperature 16min, second segment Heating temperature is 670 DEG C of heating, after temperature, is incubated 6min, and then air cooling is to room temperature.
embodiment 3
The large-scale wind electricity rotating bearing forging of the present embodiment, the mass percent of its chemical composition is: C:0.6%, Si:0.7%, Mn:0.6%, Ni:0.2%, Cr:3%, Nb:0.2%, Cu:0.07%, N:0.08%, Mo:0.18%, Al:0.2%, S:0.08%, Ti:0.03%, V:0.09%, B:0.008%, compound rare-earth: 1%, surplus is Fe; The constituent mass per-cent of compound rare-earth is: lanthanum: 13%, and cerium: 16%, scandium: 17%, yttrium: 10%, samarium: 9%, neodymium: 12%, gadolinium: 9%, praseodymium: 3%, dysprosium: 8%, all the other lanthanon: 3%.
The manufacturing process of the present embodiment large-scale wind electricity rotating bearing forging, is undertaken by following operation: selection-blanking-heating-forging-forging postheat treatment-front machining-thermal treatment-rear machining-physical and chemical inspection-UT (Ultrasonic Testing)-precision work-clean-packaging; In above operation: selection, blanking, forging, front machining, rear machining, physical and chemical inspection, UT (Ultrasonic Testing), precision work, clean and packaging are all used existing conventional process.
Heating process adopts zone heating, and first paragraph Heating temperature is 680 DEG C of heating, and to the rear insulation of temperature 13min, second segment Heating temperature is 640 DEG C of heating, after temperature, is incubated 17min, and then water-cooled is to room temperature.
Forging postheat treatment operation employing double normalizing+mono-time tempering+cooling, normalizing temperature is greater than normalizing temperature for the second time for the first time; Normalizing for the first time: adopt zone heating, first paragraph Heating temperature is 930 DEG C, to the rear insulation of temperature 19min, second segment Heating temperature is 830 DEG C, after temperature, is incubated 23min, then after air cooling 7min, carries out normalizing for the second time; Normalizing for the second time: adopt zone heating, first paragraph Heating temperature is 750 DEG C of heating, to the rear insulation of temperature 7min, second segment Heating temperature is 650 DEG C of heating, after temperature, is incubated 17min, then water-cooled is to room temperature; Tempering: 760 DEG C of tempering temperatures, after temperature, be incubated 18min, then carry out cooling; The method that cooling employing water-cooled is combined with air cooling, first adopt water-cooled with the rate of cooling of 6 DEG C/s by steel plate water-cooled to 580 DEG C, then air cooling to 490 DEG C, then adopt water-cooled with the rate of cooling of 3 DEG C/s by steel plate water-cooled to room temperature.
Thermal treatment adopts zone heating, and first paragraph Heating temperature is 780 DEG C of heating, and to the rear insulation of temperature 17min, second segment Heating temperature is 680 DEG C of heating, after temperature, is incubated 7min, and then air cooling is to room temperature.
In addition to the implementation, the present invention can also have other embodiments.All employings are equal to the technical scheme of replacement or equivalent transformation formation, all drop on the protection domain of requirement of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a large-scale wind electricity rotating bearing forging, the mass percent of its chemical composition is: C:0.55-0.65%, Si:0.65-0.75%, Mn:0.55-0.65%, Ni:0.2-0.4%, Cr:2-4%, Nb:0.15-0.25%, Cu:0.05-0.08%, N:0.08-0.09%, Mo:0.15-0.18%, Al:0.1-0.3%, S:0.07-0.09%, Ti:0.01-0.03%, V:0.7-0.9%, B:0.008-0.009%, compound rare-earth: 1-3%, surplus is Fe; The manufacturing process of described large-scale wind electricity rotating bearing forging is undertaken by following operation: selection-blanking-heating-forging-forging postheat treatment-front machining-thermal treatment-rear machining-physical and chemical inspection-UT (Ultrasonic Testing)-precision work-clean-packaging; It is characterized in that:
Described heating process adopts zone heating, and first paragraph Heating temperature is 660-680 DEG C, and to the rear insulation of temperature 11-13min, second segment Heating temperature is 620-640 DEG C, after temperature, is incubated 15-17min, and then water-cooled is to room temperature;
Described forging postheat treatment operation employing double normalizing+mono-time tempering+cooling, normalizing temperature is greater than normalizing temperature for the second time for the first time;
Described normalizing for the first time: adopt zone heating, first paragraph Heating temperature is 900-930 DEG C, to the rear insulation of temperature 17-19min, second segment Heating temperature is 800-830 DEG C, after temperature, is incubated 21-23min, then after air cooling 5-7min, carries out normalizing for the second time;
Described normalizing for the second time: adopt zone heating, first paragraph Heating temperature is 720-750 DEG C, to the rear insulation of temperature 5-7min, second segment Heating temperature is 630-650 DEG C, after temperature, is incubated 15-17min, then water-cooled is to room temperature;
Described tempering: tempering temperature 740-760 DEG C is incubated 16-18min after temperature, then carries out cooling;
The method that described cooling employing water-cooled is combined with air cooling, first adopt water-cooled with the rate of cooling of 4-6 DEG C/s by steel plate water-cooled to 560-580 DEG C, then air cooling is to 470-490 DEG C, then adopt water-cooled with the rate of cooling of 1-3 DEG C/s by steel plate water-cooled to room temperature;
Described thermal treatment adopts zone heating, and first paragraph Heating temperature is 760-780 DEG C, and to the rear insulation of temperature 15-17min, second segment Heating temperature is 660-680 DEG C, after temperature, is incubated 5-7min, and then air cooling is to room temperature.
2. large-scale wind electricity rotating bearing forging as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the constituent mass per-cent of described compound rare-earth is: lanthanum: 12-15%, cerium: 15-18%, scandium: 16-19%, yttrium: 9-11%, samarium: 7-9%, neodymium: 11-13%, gadolinium: 7-9%, praseodymium: 1-3%, dysprosium: 8-15%, all the other lanthanon: 1-3%, above each component sum is 100%.
3. large-scale wind electricity rotating bearing forging as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that: the mass percent of its chemical composition is: C:0.55%, Si:0.65%, Mn:0.65%, Ni:0.4%, Cr:2%, Nb:0.15%, Cu:0.08%, N:0.08%, Mo:0.15%, Al:0.1%, S:0.07%, Ti:0.01%, V:0.7%, B:0.008%, compound rare-earth: 3%, surplus is Fe; The constituent mass per-cent of described compound rare-earth is: lanthanum: 12%, and cerium: 18%, scandium: 19%, yttrium: 9%, samarium: 7%, neodymium: 11%, gadolinium: 7%, praseodymium: 1%, dysprosium: 15%, all the other lanthanon: 1%.
4. large-scale wind electricity rotating bearing forging as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that: the mass percent of its chemical composition is: C:0.65%, Si:0.75%, Mn:0.55%, Ni:0.3%, Cr:4%, Nb:0.25%, Cu:0.05%, N:0.09%, Mo:0.16%, Al:0.3%, S:0.09%, Ti:0.02%, V:0.8%, B:0.009%, compound rare-earth: 2%, surplus is Fe; The constituent mass per-cent of described compound rare-earth is: lanthanum: 15%, and cerium: 15%, scandium: 16%, yttrium: 11%, samarium: 8%, neodymium: 13%, gadolinium: 8%, praseodymium: 2%, dysprosium: 10%, all the other lanthanon: 2%.
5. large-scale wind electricity rotating bearing forging as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that: the mass percent of its chemical composition is: C:0.6%, Si:0.7%, Mn:0.6%, Ni:0.2%, Cr:3%, Nb:0.2%, Cu:0.07%, N:0.08%, Mo:0.18%, Al:0.2%, S:0.08%, Ti:0.03%, V:0.09%, B:0.008%, compound rare-earth: 1%, surplus is Fe; The constituent mass per-cent of described compound rare-earth is: lanthanum: 13%, and cerium: 16%, scandium: 17%, yttrium: 10%, samarium: 9%, neodymium: 12%, gadolinium: 9%, praseodymium: 3%, dysprosium: 8%, all the other lanthanon: 3%.
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