High containing mud nature copper mine method for separating
Technical field
The invention belongs to copper mine sorting technology field, relate to a kind of high containing mud nature copper mine method for separating.
Background technology
Mine, zigzag gulf is that the current world only has two or three with elemental stage, for continental river lacustrine delta deposits the copper-bearing sandstone type deposition copper mine of formation mutually, belong to native copper ore, ore bed compact structure, more stable and stronger, but country rock is red argillaceous siltstoue, hardness is low, immersion is easily broken into mud, poor stability, and institute's yield ores clay content is up to arriving 15-20%.As shown in Figure 1, existing conventional flotation technique, adopt two sections of closed circuit crushings, one section of closed circuit grinding, a flotation, its floatation indicators is not high, and actual recovered rate can only reach 85%, and concentrate grade can only reach 25%.Existing ore-dressing technique is: native copper ore is delivered to vibratory sieve and sieved after jaw crusher primary crushing.Product (being less than 16 millimeters) under compass screen surface) enter fine ore storage, then carry out one section of closed ore grinding, a floatation system process at main building.And large scale ore (being greater than 16 millimeters) enters gyratory crusher and carries out the bolting that turns back to again in small, broken bits, closed circulation on sieve.
The native copper ore that conventional flotation technique is large and uneven to clay content, operation easier is large, and index rises and falls large.Actual recovered rate is the highest can only reach 85%, and comparatively large from expected value (93%) difference, metal loss is serious.Cu Concentrate Grade only has 25%, and do not reach GB primes (30%), selling price does not increase.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is, for the defect that in copper mine process in prior art, the rate of recovery is low, Cu Concentrate Grade is low, provides the height that a kind of rate of recovery is high, Cu Concentrate Grade is high to contain mud nature copper mine method for separating.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: a kind of high containing mud nature copper mine method for separating, comprises the following steps:
A, raw ore is carried out coarse crushing through the broken broken machine of Hubei Province formula, carry out two-stage screening according to the particle diameter high level of setting and particle diameter low value, raw ore is separated into three parts, the raw ore that particle diameter is greater than particle diameter high level enters step B process after sieving; It is mud ore deposit that particle diameter is less than particle diameter low value, and mud ore deposit enters step D process after sieving; Particle diameter be between particle diameter low value and particle diameter high level for placer, placer enters step C process after sieving;
B, particle diameter is greater than to the raw ore of particle diameter high level, isolate barren rock by picking, the raw ore after picking being separated returns steps A and carries out two-stage screening after the broken broken machine of circular cone is in small, broken bits, and barren rock is discarded;
C, particle diameter is in placer between particle diameter low value and particle diameter high level, first carries out ore grinding process, the sludge separated by screw classifying again after ore grinding and ore in sand form; Described sludge carries out flotation, and described ore in sand form returns ore grinding process; Described flotation comprise one-level roughly select, three grades scan, the concentrate product that flotation obtains enters step e process, and the mine tailing of flotation enters Tailings Dam;
The mud ore deposit that D, particle diameter are less than particle diameter low value obtains sludge and sand setting through screw classifying process, sand setting returns the Grinding procedure entering step C and processes, first the sludge of screw classifying overflow carries out concentratedly obtaining sand setting, this sand setting carries out flotation, flotation adopt one-level is roughly selected, secondary is selected, three grades scan, flotation obtains concentrate product and enters step e process, and the true tailings of flotation enters Tailings Dam; Concentrated overflow product enters Tailings Dam;
E, concentrate product step C, D obtained enter thickening pond and carry out concentration, then obtain copper concentrate through filter press press filtration.
Described height is containing in mud nature copper mine method for separating, and in described steps A, described particle diameter high level is 16mm, and described particle diameter low value is 6mm.
Described height is containing in mud nature copper mine method for separating, and in described steps A, described two-stage screening adopts double-deck screen shale shaker to carry out screening process, and the screen-aperture of upper strata vibratory sieve is 16mm, and the screen-aperture of lower floor's vibratory sieve is 6mm.
Described height, containing in mud nature copper mine method for separating, in the screw classifying of described step C, isolates the sludge that particle diameter accounts for 60% below 0.074 millimeter, and the ore in sand form that all the other particle diameters are greater than 0.074 millimeter returns continuation ore grinding.
Described height containing in mud nature copper mine method for separating, in the flotation of described step C, described in roughly select and obtain concentrate product and roughly select chats, described concentrate product enters step e process, described in roughly select chats and enter and scan process; Scan for three grades and obtain scanning chats and mine tailing, what one-level was scanned scan middling recurrence roughly selects, and two, three grades of every grades of scanning are scanned the chats of scanning obtained and returned step by step and again scan, and every grade of mine tailing scanned enters subordinate and scans; The true tailings that the third level is scanned enters Tailings Dam.
Described height is containing in mud nature copper mine method for separating, and in the flotation of described step D, roughly select separation and obtain rougher concentration and roughly select chats, it is selected that described rougher concentration carries out secondary, described in roughly select chats and carry out three grades and scan.
Described height is containing in mud nature copper mine method for separating, in the flotation of described step D, the selected first order of secondary is selected isolates selected concentrate and selected chats, and wherein selected middling recurrence is roughly selected and again processed, and it is selected that the selected selected concentrate obtained of the first order carries out the second level; The selected concentrate product that obtains in the second level enters step e process, and the selected isolated selected middling recurrence first order in the second level is selected to be processed again.
Described height is containing in mud nature copper mine method for separating, in the flotation of described step D, three grades scan in the first order scan and be separated and obtain the first order by roughly selecting chats and scan chats and the first order scans mine tailing, wherein the first order is scanned chats and is entered the selected process of the first order, and the first order is scanned mine tailing and entered the second level and scan process; The second level is scanned and is separated scan chats to the second level and mine tailing is scanned in the second level, and the second level is scanned mine tailing and entered the third level and scan process, and the second level is scanned the middling recurrence first order and scanned process;
The third level is scanned and is separated the third level that obtains and scans chats and the third level scans mine tailing, and the third level is scanned the middling recurrence second level and scans process, and the third level is scanned mine tailing and enters Tailings Dam.
Described height is containing in mud nature copper mine method for separating, in described step C, D preferably, the flotation agent that flotation adopts is sodium n-butyl xanthate, foaming agent is terpenic oil, and described sodium n-butyl xanthate addition is add 150-350g in raw ore per ton, and the addition of terpenic oil is add 50-100g in raw ore per ton.
The feature that the present invention is large according to native copper ore clay content, employing two-stage is sieved, and the ore particle diameter that the granularity that in pulverizing, clay content is high is less, clay content is low is comparatively large, is sieved by two-stage, fast the ore of pulverizing can be separated, can also as far as possible mud ore deposit be separated.Namely preset particle diameter high level and particle diameter low value, in two-stage screening, placer, mud ore deposit be separated into three parts according to particle diameter is different according to particle diameter high level and particle diameter low value, higher than in the raw ore of particle diameter high level except ore is also containing a lot of barren rock, need sort; Higher lower than clay content in the mud ore deposit of particle diameter low value, the placer clay content be between particle diameter high level and particle diameter low value is lower, therefore adopts different processing modes to process this three part.After sorting out barren rock in raw ore higher than particle diameter high level, ore is dropped into process more again; Particle diameter is less than the mud ore deposit of particle diameter low value, first adopts classification, concentrated mode, is disposed by mud a large amount of in mud ore deposit, then sand setting is carried out flotation; And the placer being greater than particle diameter low value first carries out ore grinding, carries out flotation again, then by placer and mud ore deposit respectively flotation obtain the mixing of concentrate product and carry out concentrated and press filtration process, just obtain high-grade copper concentrate.To sum up, first placer, mud ore deposit are separated, then carry out flotation process to placer, Ni Kuang respectively by method of the present invention, be independent of each other mutually, thus improve the overall rate of recovery, actual recovered rate of the present invention reaches 93%, concentrate grade reaches 35%, has exceeded GB primes.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described, in accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of prior art;
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to there be understanding clearly to technical characteristic of the present invention, object and effect, now contrast accompanying drawing and describe the specific embodiment of the present invention in detail.
As shown in Figure 2, a kind of high containing mud nature copper mine method for separating, comprise the following steps:
The raw ore of A, native copper ore, through jaw crusher coarse crushing, then carries out two-stage screening according to the particle diameter high level set and particle diameter low value.Particle diameter high level and particle diameter low value are the standards for separating of ore, can determine according to indexs such as ore clay content, percentages of damage, the present embodiment is determined mainly for the actual conditions of the natural copper mine in mine, zigzag gulf, and preferable particle size high level is 16mm, and described particle diameter low value is 6mm.
Described two-stage screening adopts double-deck screen shale shaker, and the screen-aperture of upper strata vibratory sieve is 16mm, and the screen-aperture of lower floor's vibratory sieve is 6mm.Be placed in vibratory sieve by the raw ore of coarse crushing, isolate the raw ore of three kinds of different-grain diameters, the raw ore that the particle diameter on the vibratory sieve of upper strata is greater than 16mm enters step B process after sieving; Particle diameter under the vibratory sieve of upper strata, on lower floor's vibratory sieve is less than 16mm and the ore being greater than 6mm is placer, and placer enters step C process after sieving; The ore that particle diameter is less than 6mm is mud ore deposit, and mud ore deposit enters step D process after sieving.
B, particle diameter is greater than to the raw ore of particle diameter high level, pass through picking, raw ore particle diameter being greater than 16mm sorts, isolate barren rock and ore, the raw ore sorted out enters gyratory crusher and carries out in small, broken bits, the vibratory sieve turned back to again in steps A carries out two-stage screening, closed circulation always, and the barren rock sorted out is discarded;
C, particle diameter is less than 16mm and is greater than the placer of 6mm, merge and enter fine ore storage, then carry out one section of closed ore grinding at main building, ore grinding adopts ball mill, the ore pulp obtained after ore grinding by screw classifying, the sludge separated and ore in sand form; Described sludge then carries out flotation, and the ore in sand form of classification returns ball mill and placer and merges and continue ore grinding.
In screw classifying, preferable separate goes out the sludge that particle diameter accounts for 60% below 0.074 millimeter, the ore in sand form that all the other particle diameters are greater than 0.074 millimeter returns continuation ore grinding, as far as possible Copper Ores to be carried out monomer separation in the present invention in screw classifying, after ore grinding, ore grain size is when 0.074 millimeter (being commonly called as 200 orders), substantially realizes monomer separation.
Add flotation agent in the ore pulp of ore grinding, foaming agent carries out flotation.The flotation agent that flotation adopts is sodium n-butyl xanthate, foaming agent is terpenic oil, and described sodium n-butyl xanthate addition is add 150-250g in raw ore per ton, and the addition of terpenic oil is add 50-100g in raw ore per ton.Flotation agent and and the addition of foaming agent specifically carry out practical operation to determine according to head grade and character.
Described flotation comprise one-level roughly select, three grades scan.Wherein, one-level is roughly selected and is obtained concentrate product and roughly select chats, and described concentrate product enters step e process, described in roughly select chats and enter and scan process; Scan for three grades and obtain scanning chats and mine tailing, what one-level was scanned scan middling recurrence roughly selects process, two, scan every grade and scan the chats of scanning obtained and return to upper level step by step and again scan for three grades, namely secondary is scanned middling recurrence one-level and is again scanned, and three grades of middling recurrence secondarys of scanning scanned are scanned again.Every grade of mine tailing scanned enters subordinate and scans; The true tailings that the third level is scanned enters Tailings Dam.
The mud ore deposit that D, particle diameter are less than 6mm obtains sludge and sand setting through screw classifying process, sand setting returns the Grinding procedure entering step C and processes, first the sludge of screw classifying overflow concentrates, and obtain sand setting and overflow product after concentrating and separating, described sand setting carries out flotation.Flotation adopt one-level is roughly selected, secondary is selected, three grades scan; The flotation agent that flotation adopts is sodium n-butyl xanthate, foaming agent is terpenic oil, and described sodium n-butyl xanthate addition is add 250-350g in raw ore per ton, and the addition of terpenic oil is add 50-100g in raw ore per ton.Concentrated overflow product enters Tailings Dam.
In described flotation, roughly select separation and obtain rougher concentration and roughly select chats, it is selected that described rougher concentration carries out secondary, described in roughly select chats and carry out three grades and scan.
In described flotation, the selected first order of secondary is selected isolates selected concentrate and selected chats, and wherein selected middling recurrence is roughly selected and again processed, and it is selected that the selected selected concentrate obtained of the first order carries out the second level; The second level is selected to be obtained selected concentrate and enters step e process, and the selected isolated selected middling recurrence first order in the second level is selected to be processed again.
In described flotation, preferably three grades scan in the first order scan and be separated and obtain the first order by roughly selecting chats and scan chats and the first order scans mine tailing, wherein the first order is scanned chats and is entered the selected process of the first order, and the first order is scanned mine tailing and entered the second level and scan process; The second level is scanned and is separated scan chats to the second level and mine tailing is scanned in the second level, and the second level is scanned mine tailing and entered the third level and scan process, and the second level is scanned the middling recurrence first order and scanned process; The third level is scanned separation and obtains the third level and scan chats and the third level scans mine tailing, and the third level is scanned the middling recurrence second level and scans process, and the third level is scanned mine tailing and enters Tailings Dam.
E, concentrate product step C, D obtained carry out concentration, and press filtration obtains copper concentrate.
Wherein concentrated is adopt thickening pond, and just the concentrate product that obtains of step C, D is by concentrated in Cemented filling to thickening pond, enters filter press and carries out press filtration, finally obtain copper concentrate after concentrated.The overflow water that concentrated and press filtration produces is sent back to by pipeline and is recycled.
The enforcement of press filtration and pressure filtration conditions decide according to by thickening pond daily handling ability.