CN103098604B - Reciprocating double moving cutter cutting test device - Google Patents

Abstract

The reciprocating double-moving knife cutting test device includes a cutting mechanism, a stalk feeding mechanism and a monitoring and operating mechanism. The input power of the motor drives the upper and lower knife rods to move in parallel and different directions through a connecting rod, so that the adjacent upper and lower The blades move, staggered and overlapped to cut crops. Torque and speed sensors, tension sensors and speed sensors are installed on the power input shaft, between the upper and lower cutter bars and the left and right rocker arms, and beside the drive wheel to sense and record cutting. The parameters in the process are processed by computer to calculate the best combination of parameters. In the present invention, the double-layer movable knives move at the same speed and in different directions at the same time, the inertial force of the upper and lower knife rods is offset, avoiding the large shaking of the cutter, and the power is transmitted through a connecting rod to improve the accuracy of the movement of the upper and lower blades , Reduce the machine installation and debugging process.

Description

Reciprocating double-moving knife cutting test device

technical field

The invention relates to a crop cutter for testing, which is a cutting test device for simultaneously cutting crops with double-layer movable knives, and belongs to the field of machinery.

Background technique

The cutter is one of the core components of the harvester. The rationality of the cutter design directly affects the working performance of the harvester. Various parameters of the cutter require a lot of experiments to determine the optimal parameter value. The research is mainly to determine the best combination of cutting speed, feeding speed and blade geometry parameters through experiments and to study the interaction among them. However, the field test of the cutter is greatly affected by the field environment, it is more complicated to change the test parameters, it is more difficult to collect and process the signal, and the test error fluctuates greatly, which is very inconvenient for research, and the field test is limited by the crop harvest season .

Traditional harvesters are usually single-moving knife harvesters, which have problems such as low cutting speed, large reciprocating inertial force, and large vibration. Therefore, it has become a demand to research and design a cutter that can solve the problems of traditional cutters.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a reciprocating double-moving knife cutting test device, which can measure and record the cutting power consumption of the cutter in the process of cutting crops, and compare the stubble leakage rate and stubble breaking rate after cutting the crops. To determine the best combination of cutting parameters.

The reciprocating double-moving knife cutting test device includes a cutting mechanism, a stalk feeding mechanism and a monitoring and manipulating mechanism; One end of the rocking arm is connected, and the other ends of the left and right rocking arms are all hinged with one end of the connecting rod, and the other end of the connecting rod is connected with the power input shaft, which is connected to the motor through a belt transmission.

Tension sensors are respectively arranged between the left and right rocker arms and their respective connecting plates.

The upper and lower knife bars are arranged in the positioning ring on the upper side of the cutting frame, and the upper and lower knife bars are respectively installed and fixed with upper and lower blades. The upper and lower blades have the same specifications and are vertically bonded. The blades are all serrated.

The left rocker arm includes an upper arm and a lower arm that are perpendicular to each other. The upper arm and the lower arm are welded and fixed at both ends of the short rod. The bottom of the lower arm is fixedly connected to the cutting frame through bearings. The right rocker arm is an "L" shape with a vertical corner. The whole board is fixed with bearings and cutting frames below the vertical corners.

The ends of the lower arm connected with the connecting rod and the right rocker arm are provided with a waist hole, and the pin shaft passes through the waist hole to connect the lower arm, the right rocker arm and the connecting rod, and joint bearings are arranged at both ends of the connecting rod , the other end of the connecting rod is connected with the power input shaft through the crank.

The power input shaft is provided with two roller chain couplings, and a torque speed sensor is arranged between the two roller chain couplings.

The stalk feeding mechanism includes a transmission bracket. Two symmetrical transmission wheels connected with transmission shafts are arranged on the left and right sides of the front end of the transmission bracket, and two symmetrically connected rolling wheels are arranged on the left and right sides of the rear end. The wheel and the rolling wheel are connected by a chain transmission, a supporting plate is arranged between the left and right symmetrical chains, a plurality of fixing tubes are evenly arranged on the supporting plate, and a torsion spring clip is arranged in the fixing tube.

The transmission wheel is connected to the motor through belt transmission, and a speed sensor is arranged at the end of the transmission wheel.

The monitoring and manipulating mechanism includes a computer and a speed-regulating motor controller. Sensor test and analysis software is installed in the computer. The computer is connected to a speed sensor, a torque speed sensor and a tension sensor, and the speed-regulating motor controller is connected to a motor.

In the present invention, the motor drives the power input shaft to rotate through belt transmission, the crank follows the power input shaft to rotate, and drives the connecting rod to perform periodic reciprocating motion, the connecting rod pulls one end of the left and right rocker arms back and forth, and the left and right rocker arms rotate through the bearings. Drive the upper and lower blades to slide left and right, the upper and lower blades move half the width of the blades at the same speed and in different directions, and the upper and lower blades of adjacent blades overlap to cut off the crops. The cutting mechanism uses a connecting rod to drive the upper and lower cutter bars to move simultaneously, reducing the number of transmission parts, simplifying the installation and debugging process, compact structure, and reducing the probability of failure. The upper and lower cutter bars move at the same speed and different directions at the same time, and the inertial force is offset , to prevent the cutter from vibrating a lot.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the overall structure schematic diagram of the present invention,

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the cutting mechanism of the present invention,

Fig. 3 is a partially enlarged view of the cutting mechanism of the present invention,

Fig. 4 is the A direction view in Fig. 3,

Fig. 5 is a structural diagram of the left rocker arm of the present invention,

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the stalk feeding mechanism of the present invention,

List of reference signs: 1—cutting mechanism, 2—stalk feeding mechanism, 3—monitoring and operating mechanism, 101, 201—motor, 102, 202—belt drive, 103—torque speed sensor, 104—crank, 105—cutting Frame, 106—connecting rod, 107—left rocker arm, 107-1—upper arm, 107-2—short rod, 107-3—lower arm, 108—right rocker arm, 109—power input shaft, 110—roller chain Coupling, 111—joint bearing, 112—bearing, 113—tension sensor, 114, 115—connecting plate, 116—upper blade, 117—upper arbor, 118—locating ring, 119—lower arbor, 120—bottom Blade, 121—waist hole, 203—drive wheel, 204—fixed pipe, 205—chain drive, 206—drive frame, 207—rolling wheel, 208—speed sensor.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further explained below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that the words "front", "rear", "left", "right", "upper" and "lower" used in the following description refer to the directions in the drawings, and the words "inner" and "outer ” refer to directions towards or away from the geometric center of a particular part, respectively.

The overall structure of the present invention is shown in Figure 1, the cutting mechanism 1 is docked with the stalk feeding mechanism 2, the upper blade 116 and the lower blade 120 are located above the transmission wheel 203, the stalk feeding mechanism 2 is fed to the edge of the cutting mechanism 1, and is cutting.

The specific structure of the cutting mechanism of the present invention is shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, and the motor 101 and the belt drive 102 are installed on the outside of the cutting frame 105, and the motor 101 drives the connecting rod 106 to follow the crank 104 to move periodically through the belt drive 102 and the power input shaft 109. Bar 106 pulls left rocker arm 107 and right rocker arm 108 to rotate back and forth around respective bearing 112 cycles, and the other end of left and right rocker arm 107,108 pulls upper and lower knife bar 117,119 by respective connecting plate 115,114 in positioning The circle 118 moves left and right synchronously in different directions, and the upper and lower blades 116, 120 are staggered and overlapped to complete the cutting. The positioning ring 118 ensures that the moving tracks of the upper and lower knife rods 117, 119 are parallel during the moving process. The joint bearing 111 facilitates direction change when the connecting rod 106 rotates with the crank 104 . Serrated-edged blades improve sharpness in cutting crops. The torque rotation speed sensor 103 measures and records the torque rotation speed of the power input shaft 109 during the working process, and the tension sensor 113 measures and records the force of pulling the upper and lower tool bars 117 and 119 .

As can be seen from Fig. 4, the upper and lower blades 116, 120 are vertically aligned and fitted, symmetrically fixed with the upper and lower knife bars 117, 119, the upper knife bar 117 is fixed with the corresponding connecting plate 115, and the lower knife bar 119 is connected with the Plate 114 is fixed.

It can be seen from Fig. 5 that the upper arm 107-1 is perpendicular to the lower arm 107-3, and is welded and fixed to both ends of the short rod 107-2. The pin shaft in the hole 121 can have a suitable sliding space in the waist-shaped hole 121, so as to realize the chute mechanism and increase the degree of freedom. Simultaneously, the connecting end of the right rocker arm and the connecting rod is also correspondingly provided with the same waist-shaped hole, which plays the same role.

The specific structure of the stalk feeding mechanism is shown in Figure 6. The transmission frame 206 is fixed on the ground smoothly. Before use, the crops are fixed in the fixing tube 204 on the pallet, and the torsion spring clips assist the crops to be tightened and fixed, and the motor 201 is started. Motor 201 drives transmission wheel 203 to rotate through belt drive 202, and transmission wheel 203 drives roller 207 to rotate, and chain 205 and supporting plate advance, and the crop in fixed pipe 204 advances toward cutting mechanism 1, advances to the top of transmission wheel 203, is put on blade 116 Cutting with the lower blade 120, the rotational speed sensor 208 measures and records the rotational speed of the transmission wheel.

The parameters recorded by each sensor test are transmitted to the computer through data, and processed by corresponding software, and the final parameter results are compared statistically. The speed-regulating motor controller changes the output power of the motor and adjusts the parameter results. Stubble rate, adjust and experiment to get the best combination of cutting parameters.

Claims (5)

1. The reciprocating double-moving knife cutting test device is characterized in that it includes a cutting mechanism, a stalk feeding mechanism and a monitoring and operating mechanism; the cutting mechanism includes an upper knife bar and a lower knife bar, and the upper and lower knife bars are connected by respective The plate is connected with one end of the left and right rocker arms, the other ends of the left and right rocker arms are hinged with one end of the connecting rod, the other end of the connecting rod is connected with the power input shaft, and the power input shaft is connected to the motor through a belt drive; Tension sensors are respectively arranged between the right rocker arm and the respective connecting plates; the upper and lower knife bars are arranged in the positioning ring on the upper side of the cutting frame, and the upper and lower knife bars are respectively installed and fixed with upper and lower blades. The lower blades have the same specifications and are vertically attached. The edges of the upper and lower blades are both zigzag; the left rocker arm includes an upper arm and a lower arm that are perpendicular to each other. The lower part of the lower arm is fixedly connected with the cutting frame through the bearing, and the right rocker arm is an "L"-shaped whole plate with a vertical corner, and the lower part of the vertical corner is fixed with the cutting frame by a bearing; the lower arm connected with the connecting rod and the end of the right rocker arm Both are provided with a waist-shaped hole, and the pin shaft passes through the waist-shaped hole to connect the lower arm, the right rocker arm and the connecting rod. Both ends of the connecting rod are provided with joint bearings, and the other end of the connecting rod is connected to the power input shaft through a crank. 2. The reciprocating double-moving knife cutting test device according to claim 1, characterized in that the power input shaft is provided with two roller chain couplings, and the middle of the two roller chain couplings is provided with a torque speed sensor. 3. The reciprocating double-action knife cutting test device according to claim 1, characterized in that the stalk feeding mechanism includes a transmission bracket, and two symmetrical transmission shafts are arranged on the left and right sides of the front end of the transmission bracket. There are two symmetrically connected rolling wheels on the left and right sides of the rear end, and the front and rear corresponding transmission wheels are connected with the rolling wheels by chain transmission. There are supporting plates between the left and right symmetrical chains, and multiple fixed pipes are evenly arranged on the supporting plates. , a torsion spring clip is arranged in the fixed tube. 4. The reciprocating double-moving knife cutting test device according to claim 3, characterized in that the drive wheel is connected to the motor through belt transmission, and a speed sensor is arranged at the end of the drive wheel. 5. The reciprocating double-moving knife cutting test device according to claim 1 is characterized in that the monitoring and manipulating mechanism comprises a computer and a speed-regulating motor controller, the test and analysis software of the sensor is installed in the computer, the computer is connected to the speed sensor, A torque speed sensor and a tension sensor are connected to the motor with a speed-regulating motor controller.