Stalk cutting test device and method
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of cutting test device and test method thereof that is used for crops stem stalk, be used in the cutting process of lab simulation field crop stems such as paddy rice, rape, wheat, soybean, corn, sugarcanes.
Background technology
The research to the harvest machinery header parts of crops at present improves, and comprises that mainly cutter, the structural parameters of dialling the standing grain device and kinematic parameter change the rule that influences to the ceding of Taiwan.But the influence that agriculture field test is changed by each parameter of weather, field situation and machine.The variation range of the cutter of header part, the structural parameters of dialling the standing grain device and kinematic parameter is little, and real-time signal acquisition and processing are very difficult.The quality and the cutting speed size of the cutting performance of cutter part are closely related, the big more performance of cutting speed is good more, and along with the increase of cutting speed, the cutting resistance also decreases, but ceding of Taiwan vibrations aggravation and increase power consumption, therebetween influence each other rule and optimal parameter combination are difficult to determine.Dial standing grain device part winder up and down before and after the variation of relative position and the loss percentage of different speed ratio condition lower cutting tables be difficult for accurately measuring.Be badly in need of a kind of novel test device of design and solve existing problem, and also do not retrieve relevant therewith documents and materials at present.
Summary of the invention
The present invention overcomes the defective that prior art exists, provide a kind of can be in indoor device and test method thereof of carrying out stem stalk cutting test.
The technical scheme that apparatus of the present invention adopt is: comprise the stem stalk clamping device that is installed on the conveying device, a side that is installed in stem stalk clamping device after group standing grain device, cutter sweep connection cutter driving mechanism are installed in stem stalk clamping device top, described conveying device comprises that drive motor connects the conveying belt of adjustable speed, is installed in speed probe the cylinder axle head of conveying belt; But described stem stalk clamping device comprises the stem stalk clamper of the clamping crops stem stalk that is fixed on the conveying belt; Described cutter sweep comprises the power input shaft that connects drive motor, mounting torque sensor on power input shaft, power input shaft connects an end of rocker-arm link; the other end of rocker-arm link is connected on the double-deck detachable reciprocating cutter, in the cutter and the rocker-arm link connection of cutter a pressure transducer is installed; Described group of standing grain device comprises that cam-action reel is fixed on the frame by elevating lever, on the wheel face of cam-action reel, speed probe is installed, at uniform several rice-pulling tooths in the wheel edge of cam-action reel, make rice-pulling tooth near the stem stalk on the stem stalk clamper, on the belt pulley of drive motor through being connected to cam-action reel after the kinematic train; Described speed probe, pressure transducer, torque sensor are connected respectively to computing machine, can monitor and control by the control stand of installing on computers.
The technical scheme that the inventive method adopts in turn includes the following steps
A, will test crops according to required line-spacing and spacing in the rows insert row on clamping hole, conveying belt is forwarded to from cutter at a distance so that obtain steady speed during cutting; Control the position of the relative cutter of winder by regulating elevating lever;
B, startup drive motor; Carry out the parameter setting by computing machine, regulate the frequency of cutter, regulate the rotating speed of winder and the speed of conveying belt; Open the speed switch of cutter and winder successively by control stand, this moment, frequency, the rotating speed of winder and the velocity information of conveying belt of cutter directly were recorded in the computing machine;
C, the TT﹠C system collection that utilizes computing machine, record and the demonstration data that speed probe, pressure transducer, torque sensor collected are carried out cutting test;
D, close the speed switch of cutter and winder, closing information is gathered switch, and TT﹠C system writes down and preserve whole process testing data automatically, finishes cutting test;
Stem stalk cutter sweep advantages of simple provided by the present invention, method of operating is reliable and stable, solved the limitation that field test is influenced by external factor, can regulate with different parameters test parameters and make up, data in the process of the test can be sampled automatically, automatically control and processing, can study its different structure parameter and performance, can finish different cultivars, the different water cut rate, different feeding speed, different cutting mode (cutting frequencies, cutting angle, cutting quantity etc.), fundamentally solved the real-time sampling of present stem stalk cutting test parameter regulation and test figure with different tests of dialling under the standing grain device parameter, the problem of handling.
Description of drawings
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments:
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the vertical view of the cutter sweep among Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the front view of Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is the conveying device front view among Fig. 1.
Fig. 5 is the vertical view of Fig. 4.
Fig. 6 is the vertical view of stem stalk clamping device among Fig. 1.
Among the figure: 1, conveying belt, 2, stem stalk clamping device, 3, speed probe, 4, pressure transducer, 5, rice-pulling tooth, 6, cam-action reel, 7, speed probe, 8, rocker-arm link, 9, cutter, 10, frame, 11, motor, 12, torque sensor, 13, kinematic train, 14, the winder elevating lever, 15, computing machine, 16, control stand, 17, lower floor's cutter, 18, cutter power input shaft, 19, the cane clamping hole, 20, fishbolt.
Embodiment
Be the stalk cutting test device structural drawing as shown in Figure 1, mainly comprise conveying device, cutter sweep, dial standing grain device and monitor control system.Conveying device comprises that drive motor 11 connects the conveying belt 1 of adjustable speed, is installed in speed probe 3 the cylinder axle head of conveying belt 1.As Fig. 4,5, shown in 6, but be fixed on the stem stalk clamper 2 of the clamping crops stem stalk on the conveying belt 1, mainly form by stem stalk clamping hole 19 and fishbolt 20, crops stem stalk is by a line spacing, the size of spacing in the rows is put in the stem stalk clamping hole 19, stem stalk clamper 2 is fixed on the conveying belt 1 by fishbolt 20, can regulate stem stalk clamping device 2 to reach required spacing in the rows and line-spacing requirement according to the spacing in the rows and the line-spacing of Different Crop during test, and can select the stem stalk clamping device 2 of different stem stalk clamping holes 19 according to the stem stalk diameter difference of Different Crop, thereby satisfy the test needs of different stem stalk cuttings.
As shown in Figure 1, 2, 3, cutter sweep comprises the power input shaft 18 that connects drive motor 11, mounting torque sensor 12 on power input shaft 18, power input shaft 18 connects an end of rocker-arm link 8; other end of rocker-arm link 8 is connected on the double-deck detachable reciprocating cutter 9,17, in the cutter and rocker-arm link 8 connections of cutter a pressure transducer 4 is installed.Can select to use double-cutting knife or individual layer cutter simultaneously according to the test needs during work, promptly cutter 9,17 can only be installed one, the cutting frequency scope can 300~800 rev/mins adjustable, adjustable in cutting angle 0~15 scope, swath is 900mm.Pressure transducer 4 is measured the size of cutting force in real time.Torque sensor 1 is measured the size variation of moment of torsion in real time.Because the velocity simulate of the relative cutter sweep of conveying device is the pace of field machine, so the transmission speed of conveying belt 1 is adjustable, and the speed range of adjustment is 0~2m/s under the drive of motor 11.
As shown in Figure 1, dial the standing grain device and comprise that cam-action reel 6 is fixed on the frame 10 by elevating lever 14, the length of elevating lever 14 can be regulated, speed probe 7 is installed on the wheel face of cam-action reel 6, uniform several rice-pulling tooths 5 at the wheel edge of cam-action reel 6, make rice-pulling tooth 5 near the stem stalk on the stem stalk clamper 2, drive motor 11 is through being connected to after the kinematic train 13 on the belt pulley of cam-action reel 6, can regulate elevating lever 14 reaching required test condition according to the differing heights of crop, and the velocity ratio of winder 6 rotating speeds and conveying belt 1 can be regulated by the stepless change of transfer system 13.
Speed probe 3,7, pressure transducer 4, torque sensor 12 are connected respectively to computing machine 15, can monitor and control the cane cutting test device by the control stand 16 that is installed in the monitoring software in the computing machine 15 and be installed on the computing machine 15.
During test, with the test crops according to required line-spacing and spacing in the rows insert row on clamping hole 19, conveying belt 1 is forwarded to from cutter 9 at a distance so that obtain steady speed during cutting; Control the position of winder 6 relative cutters 9,17 by regulating elevating lever 14.Power-on is checked and is detected the control system circuit, guarantees in good condition; Then TT﹠C system is carried out the parameter setting, cutter 9 frequencies are transferred to required frequency, and regulate winder 6 rotating speeds and conveying belt 1 speed to required size; Open cutter and winder speed switch successively, information such as cutter 9 frequencies, winder 6 rotating speeds, conveying belt 1 speed directly are recorded in the computing machine.In operational process, utilize the TT﹠C system collection, record of computing machine 15 and show that the data that speed probe 3,7, pressure transducer 4, torque sensor 12 are collected carry out cutting test when carrying out cutting test.Close cutter and winder speed switch during off-test, and closing information gathers switch, the whole process testing data of the automatic recorded and stored of TT﹠C system reach the purpose of cutting test.