CN103095378B - Based on DE-MZM automatic bias control device and the control method of PID - Google Patents
Based on DE-MZM automatic bias control device and the control method of PID Download PDFInfo
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- CN103095378B CN103095378B CN201310028586.8A CN201310028586A CN103095378B CN 103095378 B CN103095378 B CN 103095378B CN 201310028586 A CN201310028586 A CN 201310028586A CN 103095378 B CN103095378 B CN 103095378B
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Abstract
The invention discloses the DE-MZM automatic bias control device based on PID and control method.The laser of device and electrooptic modulation device connects, electrooptic modulator one end respectively with a phase-shifter one end, optical coupler one end connects, the electrooptic modulator other end and bias unit, one phase-shifter connects, bias unit is connected with control unit, control unit is connected with low pass filter, low pass filter is connected with frequency mixer, frequency mixer and photo-detector PD, another phase-shifter connects, one phase-shifter is connected with another phase-shifter, photo-detector PD is connected with optical coupler, optical coupler Output of laser.The bipolar electrode Mach-Zehnder modulators automatic bias control method of any direct current biasing point is by introducing tunable phase shift device, make different bias point places error signal form identical and remain near cosine function Linear Points, utilize the High Precision Automatic adjustment of modulator bias voltage, be applicable to the electrooptic modulator of bilateral, single-side band modulation, carrier suppressed modulation and low offset operation mode.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to laser communication, be specifically related to the DE-MZM automatic bias control device based on PID and control method.
Background technology
The light-carried wireless of Optical Fiber Transmission radiofrequency signal (ROF) system is utilized day by day to become the focus of people's research.In ROF system, due to the impact of the external environmental factor such as temperature, ionising radiation, the half-wave voltage of electrooptic modulator can change, and DC bias supplies voltage also has random fluctuation to a certain degree simultaneously, cause the direct current biasing of modulator point to drift about, cause system performance degradation.For improving ROF communication system performance, need effectively to suppress the direct current biasing point drift phenomenon of electrooptic modulator.
But existing multiple automatic bias control method is the modulator of Linear Points or minimum transfer point mainly for direct current biasing point, and can not realize the biased control to electrooptic modulator all direct current biasings point, its main method and deficiency comprise the following aspects.Method 1 utilizes low-frequency excitation to carry out DC offset cancellation, and the method is only applicable to the biased control of Linear Points, cannot carry out the biased control of non-linear point; Input signal and feedback signal are carried out mixing to method 2 and filtering obtains error signal, error signal is utilized to control bias unit, the DC offset cancellation of relevant FSK system and photoproduction microwave local oscillation system can be realized, but be only applicable to the modulator that direct current biasing point is minimum transfer point; Method 3 utilizes disturbing signal fundametal compoment and second harmonic component signal amplitude ratio to carry out the control of modulator automatic bias, because its ratio, at phase place n π place, positive and negative infinite sudden change occurs, is not suitable for the modulator that bias point is 0 and π in this way; Method 4 realizes bias point automatically control by comparing luminous power before and after modulator, make modulation front and back photoelectric current equal owing to needing adjustment two amplifier gains in error comparator, and minimum transfer point place luminous power is approximately zero, so be not suitable for the modulator that bias point is minimum transfer point.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of structure simple, easy to use, automaticity is high, and error is little, the DE-MZM automatic bias control device based on PID that control bias capability is strong.
Another object of the present invention is to provide the control method of automatic bias control device.
In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, skill scheme of the present invention solves like this: a kind of DE-MZM automatic bias control device based on PID, and this automatic bias control device is by laser, electrooptic modulator 3, one phase-shifter 1, another phase-shifter 2, optical coupler, photo-detector PD, frequency mixer, low pass filter, control unit, bias unit form, it is characterized in that described laser is connected with electrooptic modulator 3, described electrooptic modulator 3 one end respectively with phase-shifter 1 one end, one end of optical coupler connects, described electrooptic modulator 3 other end respectively with bias unit one end, one phase-shifter 1 other end connects, the described bias unit other end is connected with control unit, the described control unit other end is connected with low pass filter one end, and the described low pass filter other end is connected with frequency mixer, the described frequency mixer other end respectively with photo-detector PD one end, another phase-shifter 2 other end connects, and described phase-shifter 1 other end is connected with another phase-shifter 2 one end, and the described photo-detector PD other end is connected with optical coupler, and optical coupler is used for Output of laser.
Described laser is DFB-LD laser.
Described control unit is PID controller.
Described low pass filter is LPF filter.
Based on an automatic bias control method for the DE-MZM automatic bias control device of PID, carry out in the steps below:
1), input radio frequency signal through twice along separate routes, first time along separate routes after, a road signal carries out mixing through another phase-shifter 2 with feedback signal, and another road signal carries out electrooptic modulation via electrooptic modulator 3;
2), to the signal of electrooptic modulation carry out second time along separate routes, and rear two paths of signals amplitude is equal along separate routes; Be loaded into respectively on two electrodes up and down of electrooptic modulator 3 by two-way constant-amplitude signal after second time shunt, the signal being wherein loaded into top electrode produces phase shift through a phase-shifter 1;
3), DFB-LD laser export light modulated through electrooptic modulator (3), now output signal envelope
, in formula
e in for input optical signal,
αfor insertion loss,
γ=0.5 is splitting ratio, if radio-frequency input signals phase difference is
β,
ωfor signal angular frequency,
m=π V rF / V π for the index of modulation,
v rF for two-way radiofrequency signal amplitude,
v π for half-wave voltage,
θ=π V dC / V π for direct current biasing phase shift,
v dC for DC offset voltage;
4), modulator output optical signal is after the beam splitting ratio of 99:1 is via optical coupler beam splitting, light after beam splitting is used for carrying out FEEDBACK CONTROL by feedback control circuit, and feedback control circuit comprises photo-detector PD, frequency mixer, low pass filter LPF, PID controller and bias unit;
5), photo-detector PD outputs signal current i
pd(t) be
In formula,
k=α η ε P in /2,
ηfor detector efficiency,
εfor coupler light splitting rate,
p in for input optical power,
j n () represents n rank Bessel function of the first kind,
, n is integer,
I
pdt () exists for photo-detector PD
tthe output signal electric current in moment,
tthe expression time;
6) radiofrequency signal, through another phase-shifter 2 input mixer is
,
for this road signal amplitude,
σfor the phase shift that signal produces through another phase-shifter 2, then the DC component that obtains after low pass filter of mixer output signal
, in formula
,
rfor LPF equivalent output impedance.
θ=θ 0 -Δ
θ,
θ 0 for direct current biasing phase place under modulator normal operation, Δ
θfor bias point drift about cause offset phase change,
δ=θ 0 + β/2
-σfor phase-shift constant, by adjustment
σmake
δ=pi/2, now LPF filter exports the error signal being bias point drift and producing, when supply voltage and electrooptic modulator 3 half-wave voltage co-variation, the offset phase change caused
, in formula
v d0 , V π 0 be respectively electrooptic modulator 3 initial time DC offset voltage and half-wave voltage, Δ
v dC ,Δ
v π be respectively the change of bias voltage and half-wave voltage in the course of work;
7), bias unit DC offset voltage and phase-shifter 1 phase shift is regulated, change the direct current biasing point of electrooptic modulator 3, realize different electrooptic modulation mode, comprise double-side band (DSB), single-side belt (SSB), carrier wave suppression (OCS) modulation and low bias mode, regulate another phase-shifter 2 phase shift, change the phase place of LPF output error signal, make error signal remain within the scope of the Linear Points waviness tolerance of cosine function, be convenient to control unit control, by adjustment
θ 0 with
βobtain different bias point and different electrooptic modulation mode, comprise double-side band (DSB), single-side belt (SSB), carrier wave suppress (OCS) modulation and the modulation at other bias point place; By adjustment
σwhen different bias point can be made to modulate, LP filter F output error signal remains
.
8), now direct current biasing phase place
θ 0 , phase-shifter 1 phase shift
βwith phase-shifter 2 phase shift
σjust can reach:
Compared with prior art, have structure simple, easy to use, automaticity is high, and error is little, the feature that control bias capability is strong, by introducing a tunable phase shift device, realizes controlling the automatic bias of any direct current biasing point of DE-MZM in the present invention.If the static direct current bias point of modulator needs to change, only need the phase shift adjusting bias unit direct voltage and adjustable phase shifter, the biased control to new direct current biasing point can be realized.The method is applicable to the system of DSB, SSB, OCS modulation and the low working method such as biased, and feedback structure is simple, and device is easy to realize, and can obtain extensive use in following ROF system.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the theory structure schematic block diagram of apparatus of the present invention;
Fig. 2 a is the source voltage curve figure of Fig. 1;
Fig. 2 b is half-wave voltage curve chart;
Fig. 2 c is without phase drift curve chart during biased control;
Fig. 2 d is PID output curve diagram;
Fig. 2 e is bias unit output curve diagram during biased control;
Fig. 2 f is phase drift curve chart during biased control;
Fig. 3 a is without biased control phase drift curve chart;
Fig. 3 b is phase drift curve chart after biased control;
Fig. 4 is offset phase is 0, and pi/2 is biased the phase drift curve chart after control when 5 π/6 and π.
Embodiment
Accompanying drawing is embodiments of the invention.
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, summary of the invention is described in further detail:
With reference to shown in Fig. 1, a kind of DE-MZM automatic bias control device based on PID, this automatic bias control device is by laser, electrooptic modulator 3, one phase-shifter 1, another phase-shifter 2, optical coupler, photo-detector PD, frequency mixer, low pass filter, control unit, bias unit form, it is characterized in that described laser is connected with electrooptic modulator 3, described electrooptic modulator 3 one end respectively with phase-shifter 1 one end, one end of optical coupler connects, described electrooptic modulator 3 other end respectively with bias unit one end, one phase-shifter 1 other end connects, the described bias unit other end is connected with control unit, the described control unit other end is connected with low pass filter one end, and the described low pass filter other end is connected with frequency mixer, the described frequency mixer other end respectively with photo-detector PD one end, another phase-shifter 2 other end connects, and described phase-shifter 1 other end is connected with another phase-shifter 2 one end, and the described photo-detector PD other end is connected with optical coupler, and optical coupler is used for Output of laser.
Described laser is DFB-LD laser.
Described control unit is PID controller.
Described low pass filter is LPF filter.
Based on an automatic bias control method for the DE-MZM automatic bias control device of PID, carry out in the steps below:
1), input radio frequency signal through twice along separate routes, first time along separate routes after, a road signal carries out mixing through another phase-shifter 2 with feedback signal, and another road signal carries out electrooptic modulation via electrooptic modulator 3;
2), to the signal of electrooptic modulation carry out second time along separate routes, and rear two paths of signals amplitude is equal along separate routes; Be loaded into respectively on two electrodes up and down of electrooptic modulator 3 by two-way constant-amplitude signal after second time shunt, the signal being wherein loaded into top electrode produces phase shift through a phase-shifter 1;
3), DFB-LD laser export light modulated through electrooptic modulator 3, now output signal envelope
, in formula
e in for input optical signal,
αfor insertion loss,
γ=0.5 is splitting ratio, if radio-frequency input signals phase difference is
β,
ωfor signal angular frequency,
m=π V rF / V π for the index of modulation,
v rF for two-way radiofrequency signal amplitude,
v π for half-wave voltage,
θ=π V dC / V π for direct current biasing phase shift,
v dC for DC offset voltage;
4), modulator output optical signal is after the beam splitting ratio of 99:1 is via optical coupler beam splitting, light after beam splitting is used for carrying out FEEDBACK CONTROL by feedback control circuit, and feedback control circuit comprises photo-detector PD, frequency mixer, low pass filter LPF, PID controller and bias unit;
5), photo-detector PD outputs signal current i
pd(t) be
In formula,
k=α η ε P in /2,
ηfor detector efficiency,
εfor coupler light splitting rate,
p in for input optical power,
j n () represents n rank Bessel function of the first kind,
, n is integer,
I
pdt () exists for photo-detector PD
tthe output signal electric current in moment,
tthe expression time;
6) radiofrequency signal, through another phase-shifter 2 input mixer is
,
for this road signal amplitude,
σfor the phase shift that signal produces through another phase-shifter 2, then the DC component that obtains after low pass filter of mixer output signal
, in formula
,
rfor LPF equivalent output impedance.
θ=θ 0 -Δ
θ,
θ 0 for direct current biasing phase place under modulator normal operation, Δ
θfor bias point drift about cause offset phase change,
δ=θ 0 + β/2
-σfor phase-shift constant, by adjustment
σmake
δ=pi/2, now LPF filter exports the error signal being bias point drift and producing, when supply voltage and electrooptic modulator 3 half-wave voltage co-variation, the offset phase change caused
, in formula
v d0 , V π 0 be respectively electrooptic modulator 3 initial time DC offset voltage and half-wave voltage, Δ
v dC ,Δ
v π be respectively the change of bias voltage and half-wave voltage in the course of work;
7), bias unit DC offset voltage and phase-shifter 1 phase shift is regulated, change the direct current biasing point of electrooptic modulator 3, realize different electrooptic modulation mode, comprise double-side band (DSB), single-side belt (SSB), carrier wave suppression (OCS) modulation and low bias mode, regulate another phase-shifter 2 phase shift, change the phase place of LPF output error signal, make error signal remain within the scope of the Linear Points waviness tolerance of cosine function, be convenient to control unit control, by adjustment
θ 0 with
βobtain different bias point and different electrooptic modulation mode, comprise double-side band (DSB), single-side belt (SSB), carrier wave suppress (OCS) modulation and the modulation at other bias point place; By adjustment
σwhen different bias point can be made to modulate, LP filter F output error signal remains
.
8), now direct current biasing phase place
θ 0 , phase-shifter 1 phase shift
βwith phase-shifter 2 phase shift
σjust can reach:
embodiment 1
The random fluctuation of bias unit supply voltage and the change of electrooptic modulator half-wave voltage all can cause the drift of direct current biasing point.Constant superposes the random fluctuation that chirp signal is used for simulating bias unit supply voltage, and its waveform is recorded by the first oscilloscope.The monotone decreasing signal that constant superposed signal generator produces carrys out the change of analog modulator half-wave voltage, and its waveform is recorded by the second oscilloscope.Two parts waveform constant chooses 2,4 respectively, represents that direct current biasing phase place is pi/2.Without the direct current biasing phase drift Δ of system during biased control
θrecorded by the 3rd oscilloscope.The parameter choose of PID controller is K
p =600, K
i =10, K
d =50, it exports control signal and is recorded by the 4th oscilloscope.After FEEDBACK CONTROL, bias unit output voltage is recorded by the 5th oscilloscope.The direct current biasing phase change A of electrooptic modulator after FEEDBACK CONTROL
θrecorded by the 6th oscilloscope.After operation, each waveform as shown in Figure 2.
Bias unit supply voltage random fluctuation near 2V in Fig. 2 a;
In Fig. 2 b, half-wave voltage is reduced gradually by 4V.During without biased control, due to supply voltage random fluctuation and half-wave voltage joint effect, direct current biasing phase drift scope is-0.12 ~ 0.07rad,
Shown in Fig. 2 c, when carrying out biased control, PID controller output voltage is along with Δ in c
θchange and change, waveform is shown in 2d.
In Fig. 2 e, bias unit supply voltage random fluctuation does not almost affect its output voltage, and output voltage is respective change along with the change of electrooptic modulator half-wave voltage, is reduced gradually by 2V.
In Fig. 2 f, initial time inverted impulse spike pressurizes due to system and causes, direct current biasing phase drift Δ afterwards
θvery little, remain on-2.4 × 10
-4~ 1.2 × 10
-4within the scope of rad, direct current biasing phase drift is effectively suppressed.
Change the first constant Constant1 value of correspondence into 4, three constant Constant3 and the 4th constant Constant4 value change π into, and its residual value is constant, can record biased control situation when direct current biasing phase place is π.Because two bias point place supply voltages are different with the phase place change that half-wave voltage causes;
Shown in Fig. 3 a, so two bias point place phase drifts have certain change after biased control, but the two drift is all suppressed in-3 × 10
-4~ 1.2 × 10
-4within the scope of rad,
Fig. 3 b offset phase π place direct current bias drift is also effectively suppressed.
Because the error function form of feedback control system is fixed, therefore the biased range of drift controlling rear phase place changes decision by without phase place during biased control, irrelevant with choosing of bias point.
Fig. 4 gives that offset phase is respectively 0, pi/2,5 π/6 and π time automatic bias control after the situation of change of system phase drift.At different bias point place, the fluctuation of supply voltage is different with the electrooptic modulator DC shift phase place that the change of half-wave voltage causes, and after controlling through automatic bias, phase drift situation is also incomplete same.For all bias points, the phase place excursion that change in voltage causes is-0.15 ~ 0.08rad, and after feedback control system, phase drift is suppressed in-3 × 10
-4~ 2 × 10
-4within rad, the parameter choose of this embodiment is as shown in table 1:
。
Claims (5)
1., based on a DE-MZM automatic bias control device of PID, this automatic bias control device is by laser, electrooptic modulator (3), one phase-shifter (1), another phase-shifter (2), optical coupler, photo-detector PD, frequency mixer, low pass filter, control unit, bias unit forms, and it is characterized in that described laser is connected with electrooptic modulator (3), described electrooptic modulator (3) one end is connected with a phase shifter (1) one end, electrooptic modulator (3) output is connected with optical coupler one end, described electrooptic modulator (3) other end respectively with bias unit one end, one phase-shifter (1) other end connects, the described bias unit other end is connected with control unit, the described control unit other end is connected with low pass filter one end, the described low pass filter other end is connected with frequency mixer, the described frequency mixer other end respectively with photo-detector (PD) one end, another phase-shifter (2) other end connects, a described phase-shifter (1) other end is connected with another phase-shifter (2) one end, described photo-detector (PD) other end is connected with optical coupler, and optical coupler is used for Output of laser.
2. a kind of DE-MZM automatic bias control device based on PID according to claim 1, is characterized in that described laser is DFB-LD laser.
3. a kind of DE-MZM automatic bias control device based on PID according to claim 2, is characterized in that described control unit is PID controller.
4. a kind of DE-MZM automatic bias control device based on PID according to claim 3, is characterized in that described low pass filter is LPF filter.
5., as claimed in claim 4 based on an automatic bias control method for the DE-MZM automatic bias control device of PID, carry out in the steps below:
1), input radio frequency signal through twice along separate routes, first time along separate routes after, a road signal carries out mixing through another phase-shifter (2) and feedback signal, and another road signal carries out electrooptic modulation via electrooptic modulator (3);
2), to the signal of electrooptic modulation carry out second time along separate routes, and rear two paths of signals amplitude is equal along separate routes; Be loaded into respectively on two electrodes up and down of electrooptic modulator (3) by two-way constant-amplitude signal after second time shunt, the signal being wherein loaded into top electrode produces phase shift through a phase-shifter (1);
3), DFB-LD laser export light modulated through electrooptic modulator (3), now output signal envelope E
out(t)=α E
in[γ e
jmcos (ω t+ β)+ (1-γ) e
jmcos (ω t)+j θ], E in formula
infor input optical signal, α is insertion loss, and γ=0.5 is splitting ratio, if radio-frequency input signals phase difference is β, ω is signal angular frequency, and m=π V
rF/ V
πfor the index of modulation, V
rFfor two-way radiofrequency signal amplitude, V
πfor half-wave voltage, θ=π V
dC/ V
πfor direct current biasing phase shift, V
dCfor DC offset voltage;
4), modulator output optical signal is after the beam splitting ratio of 99:1 is via optical coupler beam splitting, light after beam splitting is used for carrying out FEEDBACK CONTROL by feedback control circuit, and feedback control circuit comprises photo-detector (PD), frequency mixer, low pass filter (LPF), PID controller and bias unit;
5), photo-detector (PD) outputs signal current i
pd(t) be
In formula, K=α η ε P
in/ 2, η is detector efficiency, and ε is coupler light splitting rate, P
infor input optical power, J
n() represents n rank Bessel function of the first kind, and m'=2msin (β/2), n are integer, i
pdt (), for photo-detector (PD) is at the output signal electric current of t, t represents the time;
6) radiofrequency signal, through another phase-shifter (2) input mixer is V
rF' cos (ω t+ σ), V
rF' be this road signal amplitude, the σ phase shift that to be signal produce through another phase-shifter (2), the then DC component that obtains after low pass filter of mixer output signal
k'=KJ in formula
1(m') V
rF' R/2, R be LPF equivalent output impedance.θ=θ
0-Δ θ, θ
0for direct current biasing phase place under modulator normal operation, Δ θ be bias point drift about cause offset phase change, δ=θ
0+ β/2-σ is phase-shift constant, makes δ=pi/2 by adjustment σ, and now LPF filter exports the error signal being bias point drift and producing, when supply voltage and electrooptic modulator (3) half-wave voltage co-variation, and the offset phase change caused
v in formula
d0, V
π 0be respectively electrooptic modulator (3) initial time DC offset voltage and half-wave voltage, Δ V
dC, Δ V
πbe respectively the change of bias voltage and half-wave voltage in the course of work;
7), bias unit DC offset voltage and a phase-shifter (1) phase shift is regulated, change the direct current biasing point of electrooptic modulator (3), realize different electrooptic modulation mode, comprise double-side band (DSB), single-side belt (SSB), carrier wave suppression (OCS) modulation and low bias mode, regulate another phase-shifter 2 phase shift, change the phase place of LPF output error signal, error signal is made to remain within the scope of the Linear Points waviness tolerance of cosine function, be convenient to control unit control, by adjustment θ
0obtain different bias point and different electrooptic modulation mode with β, comprise double-side band (DSB), single-side belt (SSB), carrier wave suppress (OCS) modulation and the modulation at other bias point place; When different bias point can be made to modulate by adjustment σ, LP filter F output error signal remains K'sin Δ θ;
8), now direct current biasing phase theta
0, phase-shifter (1) phase shift β and phase-shifter (2) phase shift σ just can reach:
。
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| CN111064523B (en) * | 2019-11-22 | 2021-10-15 | 北京邮电大学 | Automatic control method and device for bias point of photoelectric modulator |
| CN111106934A (en) * | 2019-12-11 | 2020-05-05 | 中国电子科技集团公司第三十研究所 | Bias point control method and device suitable for CV-QKD system |
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| CN113589019B (en) * | 2021-08-04 | 2023-09-15 | 中国电子科技集团公司第三十四研究所 | Simplified measurement device and method for half-wave voltage of optical phase modulator |
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