CN103095378A - DE-MZM automatic bias control device based on proportion integration differentiation (PID) and control method thereof - Google Patents
DE-MZM automatic bias control device based on proportion integration differentiation (PID) and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a DE-MZM automatic bias control device based on proportion integration differentiation (PID) and a control method thereof. In the DE-MZM automatic bias control device, a laser device is connected with an electrooptical modulator, one end of the electrooptical modulator is connected with one end of a phase shifter and one end of a optical coupler, the other end of the electrooptical modulator is connected with a bias unit and the phase shifter, the bias unit is connected with a control unit, the control unit is connected with a low pass filter, the low pass filter is connected with a mixer, the mixer is connected with a optical detector PD and one phase shifter, the phase shifter is connected with the other phase shifter, the optical detector PD is connected with the optical coupler, and the optical coupler outputs laser. Dual-electrode Mach-Zehnder modulator automatic bias control method with any direct current bias points enables error signals at different bias points to be identical in forms and kept close to a cosine function linear point by bringing in adjustable phase shifters, bias voltage of a modulator is adjusted automatically in high precision, so that the DE-MZM automatic bias control device is suitable for being applied in the electrooptical modulators with working modes of bilateral band modulation, unilateral band modulation, suppressed carrier modulation and low bias.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to laser communication, be specifically related to DE-MZM automatic bias control device and control method based on PID.
Background technology
Utilize light-carried wireless (ROF) system of Optical Fiber Transmission radiofrequency signal day by day to become the focus of people's research.In the ROF system, due to the impact of the external environmental factors such as temperature, ionising radiation, the half-wave voltage of electrooptic modulator can change, and the direct current biasing supply voltage also has random fluctuation to a certain degree simultaneously, the direct current biasing point that causes modulator drifts about, and causes system performance degradation.For improving the ROF communication system performance, need to the direct current biasing point drift phenomenon of electrooptic modulator effectively be suppressed.
But existing multiple automatic bias control method can not realize the biasing of all direct current biasing points of electrooptic modulator is controlled mainly for the modulator of direct current biasing point for Linear Points or minimum transfer point, and its main method and deficiency comprise the following aspects.Method 1 utilizes low-frequency excitation to carry out DC offset cancellation, and the method is only applicable to the biasing of Linear Points and controls, and can't carry out the biasing of non-linear point and control; Method 2 is with input signal and feedback signal is carried out mixing and filtering obtains error signal, utilize error signal that bias unit is controlled, can realize the DC offset cancellation of relevant FSK system and photoproduction microwave local oscillation system, be the modulator of minimum transfer point but be only applicable to direct current biasing point; Method 3 is utilized disturbing signal fundametal compoment and second harmonic component signal amplitude ratio to carry out the modulator automatic bias and is controlled, and in the positive and negative infinite sudden change of phase place n π place generation, is 0 and the modulator of π so the method is not suitable for bias point due to its ratio; Method 4 realizes that by luminous power before and after modulator relatively bias point controls automatically, due to need in error comparator to adjust two amplifier gains make modulation before and after photoelectric current equate, and minimum transfer point place luminous power is approximately zero, so be not suitable for the modulator that bias point is minimum transfer point.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of simple in structurely, easy to use, automaticity is high, and error is little, the DE-MZM automatic bias control device based on PID that control bias capability is strong.
Another object of the present invention is to provide the control method of automatic bias control device.
in order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, skill scheme of the present invention is to solve like this: a kind of DE-MZM automatic bias control device based on PID, and this automatic bias control device is by laser, electrooptic modulator 3, one phase-shifter 1, another phase-shifter 2, optical coupler, photo-detector PD, frequency mixer, low pass filter, control unit, bias unit forms, and it is characterized in that described laser is connected with electrooptic modulator 3, described electrooptic modulator 3 one ends respectively with phase-shifter 1 one ends, one end of optical coupler connects, described electrooptic modulator 3 other ends respectively with bias unit one end, one phase-shifter 1 other end connects, the described bias unit other end is connected with control unit, the described control unit other end is connected with low pass filter one end, and the described low pass filter other end is connected with frequency mixer, the described frequency mixer other end respectively with photo-detector PD one end, another phase-shifter 2 other ends connect, and described phase-shifter 1 other end is connected with another phase-shifter 2 one ends, and the described photo-detector PD other end is connected with optical coupler, and optical coupler is used for Output of laser.
Described laser is the DFB-LD laser.
Described control unit is the PID controller.
Described low pass filter is the LPF filter.
A kind of automatic bias control method of the DE-MZM automatic bias control device based on PID, carry out in the steps below:
1), the input radio frequency signal through twice along separate routes, for the first time along separate routes after, one road signal carries out mixing through another phase-shifter 2 with feedback signal, another road signal carries out electrooptic modulation via electrooptic modulator 3;
2), the signal of electrooptic modulation is carried out for the second time along separate routes, and along separate routes, the two paths of signals amplitude equates; Two-way constant-amplitude signal after along separate routes for the second time is loaded into respectively on two electrodes up and down of electrooptic modulator 3, the signal that wherein is loaded into top electrode produces phase shift through a phase-shifter 1;
3), DFB-LD laser output light is modulated through electrooptic modulator (3), this moment output signal envelope
, in formula
E in Be input optical signal,
αBe insertion loss,
γ=0.5 is splitting ratio, establishes the radio-frequency input signals phase difference to be
β,
ωBe the signal angular frequency,
M=π V RF / V π Be the index of modulation,
V RF Be two-way radiofrequency signal amplitude,
V π Be half-wave voltage,
θ=π V DC / V π Be the direct current biasing phase shift,
V DC Be dc offset voltage;
4), the modulator output optical signal through the beam splitting ratio of 99:1 via the optical coupler beam splitting after, light after beam splitting is used for carrying out FEEDBACK CONTROL by feedback control circuit, and feedback control circuit comprises photo-detector PD, frequency mixer, low pass filter LPF, PID controller and bias unit;
5), photo-detector PD output signal current i
pd(t) be
In formula,
K=α η ε P in /2,
ηBe detector efficiency,
εBe coupler light splitting rate,
P in Be input optical power,
J n () expression n rank Bessel function of the first kind,
, n is integer,
i
pd(t) be that photo-detector PD exists
tOutput signal electric current constantly,
tThe expression time;
6), the radiofrequency signal through another phase-shifter 2 input mixers is
,
Be this road signal amplitude,
σBe the phase shift that signal produces through another phase-shifter 2, the DC component that obtains of mixer output signal after low pass filter
, in formula
,
RBe the LPF equivalent output impedance.
θ=θ 0 -Δ
θ,
θ 0 Be direct current biasing phase place under the modulator normal operation, Δ
θThe biasing phase place that causes for the bias point drift changes,
δ=θ 0 + β/2
-σBe phase-shift constant, by adjusting
σMake
δ=Pi/2, this moment, the output of LPF filter was the error signal that the bias point drift produces, and when supply voltage and electrooptic modulator 3 half-wave voltage co-variation, the biasing phase place that causes changes
, in formula
V D0 , V π 0 Be respectively electrooptic modulator 3 initial time dc offset voltage and half-wave voltages, Δ
V DC ,Δ
V π Be respectively the variation of bias voltage and half-wave voltage in the course of work;
7), regulate bias unit dc offset voltage and phase-shifter 1 phase shift, change the direct current biasing point of electrooptic modulator 3, realize different electrooptic modulation modes, comprise that double-side band (DSB), single-side belt (SSB), carrier wave suppress (OCS) modulation and low bias mode, regulate another phase-shifter 2 phase shifts, change the phase place of LPF output error signal, error signal is remained in the Linear Points waviness tolerance scope of cosine function, be convenient to control unit and control, by adjusting
θ 0 With
βObtain different bias points and different electrooptic modulation mode, comprise that double-side band (DSB), single-side belt (SSB), carrier wave suppress the modulation at (OCS) modulation and other bias point place; By adjusting
σIn the time of can making different bias point modulation, LP filter F output error signal remains
8), this moment the direct current biasing phase place
θ 0 , phase-shifter 1 phase shift
βWith phase-shifter 2 phase shifts
σJust can reach:
The present invention compared with prior art has simple in structurely, easy to use, and automaticity is high, and error is little, and the characteristics that control bias capability is strong by introducing a tunable phase shift device, realize the automatic bias control to any direct current biasing point of DE-MZM.If the static direct current bias point of modulator needs to change, only need to adjust the phase shift of bias unit direct voltage and adjustable phase shifter, can realize the biasing of new direct current biasing point is controlled.The method is applicable to the system of the working methods such as DSB, SSB, OCS modulation and low biasing, and feedback structure is simple, and device is easy to realization, can obtain extensive use in following ROF system.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the theory structure schematic block diagram of apparatus of the present invention;
Fig. 2 a is the supply voltage curve chart of Fig. 1;
Fig. 2 b is the half-wave voltage curve chart;
Phase drift curve chart when Fig. 2 c is nothing biasing control;
Fig. 2 d is the PID output curve diagram;
Bias unit output curve diagram when Fig. 2 e controls for biasing;
Phase drift curve chart when Fig. 2 f controls for biasing;
Fig. 3 a is without biasing control phase drift curve chart;
Fig. 3 b controls rear phase drift curve chart for biasing;
Fig. 4 is 0 for the biasing phase place, pi/2, the phase drift curve chart after when 5 π/6 and π, biasing is controlled.
Embodiment
Accompanying drawing is embodiments of the invention.
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, summary of the invention is described in further detail:
with reference to shown in Figure 1, a kind of DE-MZM automatic bias control device based on PID, this automatic bias control device is by laser, electrooptic modulator 3, one phase-shifter 1, another phase-shifter 2, optical coupler, photo-detector PD, frequency mixer, low pass filter, control unit, bias unit forms, and it is characterized in that described laser is connected with electrooptic modulator 3, described electrooptic modulator 3 one ends respectively with phase-shifter 1 one ends, one end of optical coupler connects, described electrooptic modulator 3 other ends respectively with bias unit one end, one phase-shifter 1 other end connects, the described bias unit other end is connected with control unit, the described control unit other end is connected with low pass filter one end, and the described low pass filter other end is connected with frequency mixer, the described frequency mixer other end respectively with photo-detector PD one end, another phase-shifter 2 other ends connect, and described phase-shifter 1 other end is connected with another phase-shifter 2 one ends, and the described photo-detector PD other end is connected with optical coupler, and optical coupler is used for Output of laser.
Described laser is the DFB-LD laser.
Described control unit is the PID controller.
Described low pass filter is the LPF filter.
A kind of automatic bias control method of the DE-MZM automatic bias control device based on PID, carry out in the steps below:
1), the input radio frequency signal through twice along separate routes, for the first time along separate routes after, one road signal carries out mixing through another phase-shifter 2 with feedback signal, another road signal carries out electrooptic modulation via electrooptic modulator 3;
2), the signal of electrooptic modulation is carried out for the second time along separate routes, and along separate routes, the two paths of signals amplitude equates; Two-way constant-amplitude signal after along separate routes for the second time is loaded into respectively on two electrodes up and down of electrooptic modulator 3, the signal that wherein is loaded into top electrode produces phase shift through a phase-shifter 1;
3), DFB-LD laser output light is modulated through electrooptic modulator 3, this moment output signal envelope
, in formula
E in Be input optical signal,
αBe insertion loss,
γ=0.5 is splitting ratio, establishes the radio-frequency input signals phase difference to be
β,
ωBe the signal angular frequency,
M=π V RF / V π Be the index of modulation,
V RF Be two-way radiofrequency signal amplitude,
V π Be half-wave voltage,
θ=π V DC / V π Be the direct current biasing phase shift,
V DC Be dc offset voltage;
4), the modulator output optical signal through the beam splitting ratio of 99:1 via the optical coupler beam splitting after, light after beam splitting is used for carrying out FEEDBACK CONTROL by feedback control circuit, and feedback control circuit comprises photo-detector PD, frequency mixer, low pass filter LPF, PID controller and bias unit;
5), photo-detector PD output signal current i
pd(t) be
In formula,
K=α η ε P in /2,
ηBe detector efficiency,
εBe coupler light splitting rate,
P in Be input optical power,
J n () expression n rank Bessel function of the first kind,
, n is integer,
i
pd(t) be that photo-detector PD exists
tOutput signal electric current constantly,
tThe expression time;
6), the radiofrequency signal through another phase-shifter 2 input mixers is
,
Be this road signal amplitude,
σBe the phase shift that signal produces through another phase-shifter 2, the DC component that obtains of mixer output signal after low pass filter
, in formula
,
RBe the LPF equivalent output impedance.
θ=θ 0 -Δ
θ,
θ 0 Be direct current biasing phase place under the modulator normal operation, Δ
θThe biasing phase place that causes for the bias point drift changes,
δ=θ 0 + β/2
-σBe phase-shift constant, by adjusting
σMake
δ=Pi/2, this moment, the output of LPF filter was the error signal that the bias point drift produces, and when supply voltage and electrooptic modulator 3 half-wave voltage co-variation, the biasing phase place that causes changes
, in formula
V D0 , V π 0 Be respectively electrooptic modulator 3 initial time dc offset voltage and half-wave voltages, Δ
V DC ,Δ
V π Be respectively the variation of bias voltage and half-wave voltage in the course of work;
7), regulate bias unit dc offset voltage and phase-shifter 1 phase shift, change the direct current biasing point of electrooptic modulator 3, realize different electrooptic modulation modes, comprise that double-side band (DSB), single-side belt (SSB), carrier wave suppress (OCS) modulation and low bias mode, regulate another phase-shifter 2 phase shifts, change the phase place of LPF output error signal, error signal is remained in the Linear Points waviness tolerance scope of cosine function, be convenient to control unit and control, by adjusting
θ 0 With
βObtain different bias points and different electrooptic modulation mode, comprise that double-side band (DSB), single-side belt (SSB), carrier wave suppress the modulation at (OCS) modulation and other bias point place; By adjusting
σIn the time of can making different bias point modulation, LP filter F output error signal remains
8), this moment the direct current biasing phase place
θ 0 , phase-shifter 1 phase shift
βWith phase-shifter 2 phase shifts
σJust can reach:
The variation of the random fluctuation of bias unit supply voltage and electrooptic modulator half-wave voltage all can cause the drift of direct current biasing point.Constant stack chirp signal is used for simulating the random fluctuation of bias unit supply voltage, and its waveform is recorded by the first oscilloscope.The monotone decreasing signal that constant superposed signal generator produces comes the variation of analog modulator half-wave voltage, and its waveform is recorded by the second oscilloscope.Two parts waveform constant chooses respectively 2,4, and expression direct current biasing phase place is pi/2.The direct current biasing phase drift Δ of system when controlling without biasing
θRecorded by the 3rd oscilloscope.The parameter of PID controller is chosen for K
p =600, K
i =10, K
d =50, its output control signal is recorded by the 4th oscilloscope.The bias unit output voltage is recorded by the 5th oscilloscope after FEEDBACK CONTROL.The direct current biasing phase place changes delta of electrooptic modulator after FEEDBACK CONTROL
θRecorded by the 6th oscilloscope.After operation, each waveform as shown in Figure 2.
Near bias unit supply voltage random fluctuation 2V in Fig. 2 a;
In Fig. 2 b, half-wave voltage is reduced gradually by 4V.When controlling without biasing, due to supply voltage random fluctuation and half-wave voltage joint effect, direct current biasing phase drift scope is-0.12 ~ 0.07rad,
Shown in Fig. 2 c, setover when controlling, PID controller output voltage is along with Δ in c
θChange and change, waveform is seen 2d.
In Fig. 2 e, bias unit supply voltage random fluctuation is on the almost not impact of its output voltage, and respective change is reduced by 2V output voltage gradually along with the variation of electrooptic modulator half-wave voltage.
In Fig. 2 f, initial time inverted impulse spike causes due to system pressurization, afterwards direct current biasing phase drift Δ
θVery little, remain on-2.4 * 10
-4~ 1.2 * 10
-4In the rad scope, the direct current biasing phase drift is effectively suppressed.
Change the first constant C onstant1 value of correspondence into 4, the three constant Constant3 and the 4th constant C onstant4 value changes π into, its residual value is constant, and situation is controlled in the biasing in the time of can recording the direct current biasing phase place and be π.Because two bias point place supply voltages change different with the phase place that half-wave voltage causes;
Shown in Fig. 3 a, so two bias point place phase drifts have certain variation after biasing is controlled, but both drift all is suppressed in-3 * 10
-4~ 1.2 * 10
-4In the rad scope,
The direct current biasing drift of Fig. 3 b biasing phase place π place also is effectively suppressed.
Because the error function form of feedback control system is fixed, the phase place variation when therefore after biasing control, the range of drift of phase place is controlled by the nothing biasing determines, and is irrelevant with choosing of bias point.
The situation of change of system phase drift after Fig. 4 has provided that the biasing phase place is respectively 0, automatic bias is controlled when pi/2,5 π/6 and π.At different bias points place, the fluctuation of supply voltage is different with the electrooptic modulator dc shift phase place that the variation of half-wave voltage causes, after controlling through automatic bias, the phase drift situation is also incomplete same.For all bias points, the phase place excursion that change in voltage causes is-0.15 ~ 0.08rad, and through after feedback control system, phase drift is suppressed in-3 * 10
-4~ 2 * 10
-4In rad, the parameter of this embodiment is chosen as shown in table 1:
Claims (5)
1. DE-MZM automatic bias control device based on PID, this automatic bias control device is by laser, electrooptic modulator (3), one phase-shifter (1), another phase-shifter (2), optical coupler, photo-detector PD, frequency mixer, low pass filter, control unit, bias unit forms, and it is characterized in that described laser is connected with electrooptic modulator (3), described electrooptic modulator (3) one ends respectively with phase-shifter (1) one end, one end of optical coupler connects, described electrooptic modulator (3) other end respectively with bias unit one end, one phase-shifter (1) other end connects, the described bias unit other end is connected with control unit, the described control unit other end is connected with low pass filter one end, and the described low pass filter other end is connected with frequency mixer, the described frequency mixer other end respectively with photo-detector (PD) end, another phase-shifter (2) other end connects, and a described phase-shifter (1) other end is connected with another phase-shifter (2) one ends, and described photo-detector (PD) other end is connected with optical coupler, and optical coupler is used for Output of laser.
2. a kind of DE-MZM automatic bias control device based on PID according to claim 1, is characterized in that described laser is the DFB-LD laser.
3. a kind of DE-MZM automatic bias control device based on PID according to claim 2, is characterized in that described control unit is the PID controller.
4. a kind of DE-MZM automatic bias control device based on PID according to claim 3, is characterized in that described low pass filter is the LPF filter.
5. one kind as claimed in claim 4 based on the automatic bias control method of the DE-MZM automatic bias control device of PID, carries out in the steps below:
1), the input radio frequency signal through twice along separate routes, for the first time along separate routes after, one road signal carries out mixing through another phase-shifter (2) and feedback signal, another road signal carries out electrooptic modulation via electrooptic modulator (3);
2), the signal of electrooptic modulation is carried out for the second time along separate routes, and along separate routes, the two paths of signals amplitude equates; Two-way constant-amplitude signal after along separate routes for the second time is loaded into respectively on two electrodes up and down of electrooptic modulator (3), the signal that wherein is loaded into top electrode produces phase shift through a phase-shifter (1);
3), DFB-LD laser output light is modulated through electrooptic modulator (3), this moment output signal envelope
, in formula
E in Be input optical signal,
αBe insertion loss,
γ=0.5 is splitting ratio, establishes the radio-frequency input signals phase difference to be
β,
ωBe the signal angular frequency,
M=π V RF / V π Be the index of modulation,
V RF Be two-way radiofrequency signal amplitude,
V π Be half-wave voltage,
θ=π V DC / V π Be the direct current biasing phase shift,
V DC Be dc offset voltage;
4), the modulator output optical signal through the beam splitting ratio of 99:1 via the optical coupler beam splitting after, light after beam splitting is used for carrying out FEEDBACK CONTROL by feedback control circuit, and feedback control circuit comprises photo-detector (PD), frequency mixer, low pass filter (LPF), PID controller and bias unit;
5), photo-detector (PD) output signal current i
pd(t) be
In formula,
K=α η ε P in /2,
ηBe detector efficiency,
εBe coupler light splitting rate,
P in Be input optical power,
J n () expression n rank Bessel function of the first kind,
, n is integer,
i
pd(t) be that photo-detector (PD) exists
tOutput signal electric current constantly,
tThe expression time;
6), the radiofrequency signal through another phase-shifter (2) input mixer is
,
Be this road signal amplitude,
σBe the phase shift that signal produces through another phase-shifter (2), the DC component that obtains of mixer output signal after low pass filter
, in formula
,
RBe the LPF equivalent output impedance;
θ=θ 0 -Δ
θ,
θ 0 Be direct current biasing phase place under the modulator normal operation, Δ
θThe biasing phase place that causes for the bias point drift changes,
δ=θ 0 + β/2
-σBe phase-shift constant, by adjusting
σMake
δ=Pi/2, this moment, the output of LPF filter was the error signal that the bias point drift produces, and when supply voltage and electrooptic modulator (3) half-wave voltage co-variation, the biasing phase place that causes changes
, in formula
V D0 , V π 0 Be respectively electrooptic modulator (3) initial time dc offset voltage and half-wave voltage, Δ
V DC ,Δ
V π Be respectively the variation of bias voltage and half-wave voltage in the course of work;
7), regulate bias unit dc offset voltage and a phase-shifter (1) phase shift, change the direct current biasing point of electrooptic modulator (3), realize different electrooptic modulation modes, comprise that double-side band (DSB), single-side belt (SSB), carrier wave suppress (OCS) modulation and low bias mode, regulate another phase-shifter 2 phase shifts, change the phase place of LPF output error signal, error signal is remained in the Linear Points waviness tolerance scope of cosine function, be convenient to control unit and control, by adjusting
θ 0 With
βObtain different bias points and different electrooptic modulation mode, comprise that double-side band (DSB), single-side belt (SSB), carrier wave suppress the modulation at (OCS) modulation and other bias point place; By adjusting
σIn the time of can making different bias point modulation, LP filter F output error signal remains
8), this moment the direct current biasing phase place
θ 0 , phase-shifter (1) phase shift
βWith phase-shifter (2) phase shift
σJust can reach:
。
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