CN104601240A - System and method for generating millimeter waves based on chalcogenide glass optical fiber four-wave mixing effect - Google Patents
System and method for generating millimeter waves based on chalcogenide glass optical fiber four-wave mixing effect Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种基于硫系玻璃光纤四波混频效应的毫米波生成系统及方法，激光器产生连续光载波信号输入到双电极马赫-增德尔调制器，功分器将调制微波信号分为两路微波信号，一路输入到双电极马赫-增德尔调制器的一个电极，另一路输入到移相器被移相180度后输入到双电极马赫-增德尔调制器的另一个电极，双电极马赫-增德尔调制器调制出两个边带的光波依次进行放大处理和滤波处理后输入到硫系玻璃光纤中，两个边带的光波发生四波混频效应产生梳状光波，梳状光波通过滤波处理后得到需要的两个光频分量输入到光衰减器中将光功率调整到0dBm后输入到光电探测器中拍频后输出高频毫米波；优点是降低调制微波信号源的频率和器件带宽要求，减少成本。
The invention discloses a millimeter wave generation system and method based on the four-wave mixing effect of chalcogenide glass optical fiber. The continuous optical carrier signal generated by the laser is input to a two-electrode Mach-Zehnder modulator, and the power divider divides the modulated microwave signal into Two microwave signals, one is input to one electrode of the two-electrode Mach-Zehnder modulator, the other is input to the phase shifter which is phase-shifted by 180 degrees and then input to the other electrode of the two-electrode Mach-Zehnder modulator, two-electrode The light waves of the two sidebands modulated by the Mach-Zehnder modulator are sequentially amplified and filtered, and then input into the chalcogenide glass fiber. The light waves of the two sidebands undergo a four-wave mixing effect to generate comb-shaped light waves. After filtering, the required two optical frequency components are input to the optical attenuator, the optical power is adjusted to 0dBm, and then input to the photodetector to beat the frequency and output high-frequency millimeter waves; the advantage is to reduce the frequency and frequency of the modulated microwave signal source. Device bandwidth requirements, reducing cost.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种光生毫米波生成技术，尤其是涉及一种基于硫系玻璃光纤四波混频效应的毫米波生成系统及方法。The invention relates to an optically generated millimeter wave generation technology, in particular to a millimeter wave generation system and method based on the four-wave mixing effect of a chalcogenide glass fiber.
背景技术Background technique
光纤通信具有低损耗、高带宽的特性，光纤无线电(ROF)技术是应高速大容量无线通信需求，新兴发展起来的将光纤通信和无线通信相结合起来的无线接入技术。光纤无线电(ROF)系统构成的具有超带宽的无线接入网络通过光纤实现中心处理站与基站之间远距离的连接，通过微波、毫米波系统实现几十米范围的无线覆盖。目前，许多国家已经将59-64GHz的毫米波段专门分配给无牌照的ROF技术应用，大大推动了毫米波段ROF技术的发展。高质量的毫米波信号生成是实现毫米波段ROF系统的关键技术之一。但制作窄线宽、低相位噪声、高稳定性且可调谐毫米波信号发生器时，对工艺的要求极高，毫米波在电域下生成比较困难，面临无法突破的电子瓶颈。除此之外，直接调制毫米波信号的成熟商用电光调制器极其少见而且价格昂贵。因此研究如何利用光学方法产生毫米波段的载波信号一直是毫米波段RoF研究领域中的热点问题。用光学的方法来产生毫米波，一方面是出于成本的考虑，另一方面，毫米波在电域下处理已经比较困难，面临无法突破的电子瓶颈，而用光学产生的毫米波，不仅具有相位噪声低的优点，而且由于光纤的损耗非常小，信号能够远距离传输，便于分配到远端由天线发射。Optical fiber communication has the characteristics of low loss and high bandwidth. Radio over Fiber (ROF) technology is a newly developed wireless access technology that combines optical fiber communication and wireless communication to meet the needs of high-speed and large-capacity wireless communication. The ultra-bandwidth wireless access network composed of the radio-over-fiber (ROF) system realizes the long-distance connection between the central processing station and the base station through optical fiber, and realizes wireless coverage within tens of meters through microwave and millimeter wave systems. At present, many countries have allocated the 59-64GHz millimeter-wave band exclusively to unlicensed ROF technology applications, which has greatly promoted the development of millimeter-wave ROF technology. High-quality millimeter-wave signal generation is one of the key technologies to realize millimeter-wave ROF systems. However, when making a narrow-linewidth, low-phase-noise, high-stability, and tunable millimeter-wave signal generator, the process requirements are extremely high. It is difficult to generate millimeter-wave in the electrical domain, and it faces an electronic bottleneck that cannot be broken through. In addition, mature commercial electro-optic modulators that directly modulate mmWave signals are extremely rare and expensive. Therefore, studying how to use optical methods to generate carrier signals in the millimeter-wave band has always been a hot issue in the field of millimeter-wave RoF research. The use of optical methods to generate millimeter waves is due to cost considerations on the one hand, and on the other hand, millimeter waves are already difficult to deal with in the electrical domain, facing an electronic bottleneck that cannot be broken through, and millimeter waves generated by optics not only have The advantage of low phase noise, and because the loss of the optical fiber is very small, the signal can be transmitted over a long distance, which is convenient for distribution to the remote end and transmitted by the antenna.
目前，光学产生毫米波的技术主要有光外差技术、外调制技术和光学倍频技术等。光外差技术的基本原理是利用两个频率差等于所需毫米波的频率的光载波，在光电探测器中拍频生成毫米波，该方法需要两个光载波的相位非常稳定并相关，实现时需要额外的相位锁定模块，难以获得低相位噪声的高质量毫米波。外调制技术基于外部调制器的非线性响应，产生边带频率，在接收端由边带拍频得到毫米波信号，包括双边带调制、单边带调制和载波抑制调制等。外调制器有马赫-增德尔调制器(MZM)、电吸收调制器和相位调制器等。但是这种方法需要很高频率的调制微波信号源，而高频微波信号源实现难度大，系统成本太高。相对来讲，光学倍频技术更具优势。光学倍频技术借助各种外调制器件及其它一些光学处理器件将低频微波信号调制到光波上，并产生高次谐波光边带，最后通过光电探测器拍频产生目标高频毫米波信号。在这类方案中，倍频产生的毫米波信号的线宽和相位噪声等特性均与调制微波信号保持在相同量级，而与所用的光学器件无关，克服了电子倍频器件响应频率和带宽的限制，而且相位噪声低。与此同时，方案中需要的强度调制器、相位调制器和半导体光放大器等光学器件均为市面上常见的成熟商品化器件，因此方案实现简单且稳定性高，在毫米波ROF系统中比较常见。At present, the technologies for optically generating millimeter waves mainly include optical heterodyne technology, external modulation technology and optical frequency doubling technology. The basic principle of optical heterodyne technology is to use two optical carriers whose frequency difference is equal to the frequency of the required millimeter wave, and beat frequency to generate millimeter waves in the photodetector. This method requires that the phases of the two optical carriers are very stable and correlated to realize When an additional phase-locked module is required, it is difficult to obtain high-quality millimeter waves with low phase noise. The external modulation technology is based on the nonlinear response of the external modulator to generate a sideband frequency, and the millimeter wave signal is obtained from the sideband beat frequency at the receiving end, including double-sideband modulation, single-sideband modulation and carrier suppression modulation. External modulators include Mach-Zehnder modulator (MZM), electroabsorption modulator, and phase modulator. However, this method requires a high-frequency modulated microwave signal source, which is difficult to implement and the system cost is too high. Relatively speaking, optical frequency doubling technology has more advantages. Optical frequency doubling technology modulates low-frequency microwave signals onto light waves by means of various external modulation devices and other optical processing devices, and generates high-order harmonic optical sidebands, and finally generates target high-frequency millimeter-wave signals through the beat frequency of photodetectors. In this type of scheme, the linewidth and phase noise of the millimeter-wave signal generated by frequency doubling are kept at the same level as the modulated microwave signal, regardless of the optical device used, which overcomes the response frequency and bandwidth of the electronic frequency doubling device. limits with low phase noise. At the same time, optical devices such as intensity modulators, phase modulators, and semiconductor optical amplifiers required in the solution are all mature commercial devices that are common on the market, so the solution is simple to implement and has high stability, which is common in millimeter-wave ROF systems .
现有的应用光学倍频技术的毫米波生成系统典型方案包括：利用马赫-增德尔调制器与滤波器串联产生四倍频毫米波信号；利用两个MZM级联产生四倍频毫米波信号；利用两个相位调制器并联产生六倍频毫米波信号等。但是，这些毫米波生成系统实现的倍频数仍然较低，仍然需要较高频率的调制微波信号源，而且需要多个调制器，系统成本难以降低，大大限制了该技术的应用。Typical schemes of the existing millimeter wave generation system using optical frequency doubling technology include: using a Mach-Zehnder modulator and a filter in series to generate a quadrupled frequency millimeter wave signal; using two MZM cascades to generate a quadrupled frequency millimeter wave signal; Two phase modulators are used in parallel to generate a sixfold frequency millimeter wave signal and the like. However, the frequency multiplication achieved by these millimeter-wave generation systems is still low, and a high-frequency modulated microwave signal source is still required, and multiple modulators are required, which makes it difficult to reduce the system cost, which greatly limits the application of this technology.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明所要解决的技术问题之一是提供一种基于硫系玻璃光纤四波混频效应的毫米波生成系统，该毫米波生成系统采用外部调制技术结合硫系玻璃光纤四波混频效应实现频率的上变换，产生六倍频甚至更高倍频的毫米波信号，大大降低调制微波信号源的频率，克服光纤无线通信技术中产生毫米波的微波驱动信号频率和调制器带宽问题，降低系统器件带宽要求，减少系统成本。One of the technical problems to be solved by the present invention is to provide a millimeter-wave generation system based on the four-wave mixing effect of chalcogenide glass fibers. The millimeter-wave generation system uses external modulation technology combined with the four-wave mixing effect of chalcogenide glass fibers to achieve frequency The up-conversion can generate a millimeter-wave signal with six times or even higher frequency, greatly reducing the frequency of the modulated microwave signal source, overcoming the problems of the frequency of the microwave driving signal and the bandwidth of the modulator in the optical fiber wireless communication technology, and reducing the bandwidth of the system device requirements, reducing system cost.
本发明解决上述技术问题之一所采用的技术方案为：一种基于硫系玻璃光纤四波混频效应的毫米波生成系统，包括用于产生光功率为0dBm的连续光载波信号的激光器、用于将调制微波信号分为两路微波信号的功分器、用于将微波信号移相180度的移相器、双电极马赫-增德尔调制器、用于将光功率放大到25dBm的掺铒光纤放大器、第一光滤波器、硫系玻璃光纤、第二光滤波器、用于将光功率调整到0dBm的光衰减器和光电探测器；所述的调制微波信号的功率为15dBm；The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve one of the above-mentioned technical problems is: a millimeter-wave generation system based on the four-wave mixing effect of chalcogenide glass fiber, including a laser for generating a continuous optical carrier signal with an optical power of 0 dBm, a The power divider used to divide the modulated microwave signal into two microwave signals, the phase shifter used to shift the phase of the microwave signal by 180 degrees, the two-electrode Mach-Zehnder modulator, the erbium doped used to amplify the optical power to 25dBm An optical fiber amplifier, a first optical filter, a chalcogenide glass fiber, a second optical filter, an optical attenuator and a photodetector for adjusting the optical power to 0dBm; the power of the modulated microwave signal is 15dBm;
所述的激光器的输出端与所述的双电极马赫-增德尔调制器的输入端连接；所述的功分器具有两个输出端，分别为第一输出端和第二输出端，所述的功分器的第一输出端与所述的双电极马赫-增德尔调制器的一个电极连接，所述的功分器的第二输出端与所述的移相器的输入端连接，所述的移相器的输出端与所述的双电极马赫-增德尔调制器的另一个电极连接；所述的双电极马赫-增德尔调制器的输出端与所述的掺铒光纤放大器的输入端连接，所述的掺铒光纤放大器的输出端与所述的第一光滤波器的输入端连接，所述的第一光滤波器的输出端与所述的硫系玻璃光纤的输入端连接，所述的硫系玻璃光纤的输出端与所述的第二光滤波器的输入端连接，所述的第二光滤波器的输出端与所述的光衰减器的输入端连接，所述的光衰减器的输出端与所述的光电探测器的输入端连接。The output end of the laser is connected to the input end of the two-electrode Mach-Zehnder modulator; the power divider has two output ends, respectively a first output end and a second output end, and the The first output end of the power divider is connected to an electrode of the two-electrode Mach-Zehnder modulator, the second output end of the power divider is connected to the input end of the phase shifter, and the The output end of the phase shifter is connected to the other electrode of the two-electrode Mach-Zehnder modulator; the output end of the two-electrode Mach-Zehnder modulator is connected to the input of the erbium-doped fiber amplifier end connection, the output end of the erbium-doped fiber amplifier is connected to the input end of the first optical filter, and the output end of the first optical filter is connected to the input end of the chalcogenide glass fiber , the output end of the chalcogenide glass fiber is connected to the input end of the second optical filter, the output end of the second optical filter is connected to the input end of the optical attenuator, and the The output end of the optical attenuator is connected with the input end of the photodetector.
所述的第二光滤波器的通带可调。The passband of the second optical filter is adjustable.
所述的双电极马赫-增德尔调制器的调制微波信号频率在9.5-11GHz范围内连续可调。The frequency of the modulated microwave signal of the two-electrode Mach-Zehnder modulator is continuously adjustable within the range of 9.5-11 GHz.
所述的激光器为分布反馈式激光器，所述的光衰减器为可调光衰减器。The laser is a distributed feedback laser, and the optical attenuator is an adjustable optical attenuator.
与现有技术相比，本发明的毫米波生成系统的优点在于通过激光器产生光功率为0dBm的连续光载波信号输入到双电极马赫-增德尔调制器的输入端，功分器将功率为15dBm的调制微波信号分为两路微波信号，一路微波信号输入到双电极马赫-增德尔调制器的一个电极，另一路微波信号输入到移相器被移相180度后输入到双电极马赫-增德尔调制器的另一个电极，双电极马赫-增德尔调制器对输入其内的连续光载波信号和微波信号进行载波抑制双边带调制后输出两个边带的光波，两个边带的光波首先通过掺铒光纤放大器进行放大处理，然后通过第一光滤波器滤除掺铒光纤放大器产生的带外噪声后注入硫系玻璃光纤内，放大后的两个边带的光波在硫系玻璃光纤发生四波混频效应产生梳状光波输出，第二光滤波器将梳状光波中的无用光频分量滤除，得到需要的两个光频分量后输入到光衰减器中，光衰减器将需要的两个光频分量的光功率调整到0dBm后输入到光电探测器中拍频后输出高频毫米波；由此采用外部调制技术结合四波混频效应实现频率的上变换，产生六倍频甚至更高倍频的毫米波信号，最终实现高次倍频产生毫米波信号，大大降低调制微波信号源的频率，克服光纤无线通信技术中产生毫米波的微波驱动信号频率和调制器带宽问题，降低系统器件带宽要求，减少系统成本；Compared with the prior art, the advantage of the millimeter-wave generating system of the present invention is that the continuous optical carrier signal with an optical power of 0 dBm is input to the input end of the dual-electrode Mach-Zehnder modulator through a laser, and the power divider divides the power into 15 dBm The modulated microwave signal is divided into two microwave signals, one microwave signal is input to one electrode of the two-electrode Mach-Zehnder modulator, and the other microwave signal is input to the phase shifter and then input to the two-electrode Mach-Zehnder modulator after being shifted by 180 degrees. The other electrode of the Del modulator, the two-electrode Mach-Zehnder modulator performs carrier-suppressed double-sided band modulation on the continuous optical carrier signal and microwave signal input into it, and then outputs two side-band light waves. The two side-band light waves first Amplify through the erbium-doped fiber amplifier, and then filter the out-of-band noise generated by the erbium-doped fiber amplifier through the first optical filter and then inject it into the chalcogenide glass fiber, and the amplified two sideband light waves are generated in the chalcogenide glass fiber The four-wave mixing effect produces a comb-shaped light wave output, and the second optical filter filters out the useless optical frequency components in the comb-shaped light wave to obtain the required two optical frequency components and then input them into the optical attenuator. The optical attenuator will need The optical power of the two optical frequency components is adjusted to 0dBm and then input to the photodetector to beat the frequency and output high-frequency millimeter waves; thus, the frequency up-conversion is realized by using external modulation technology combined with the four-wave mixing effect, resulting in a six-fold frequency Even higher frequency multiplied millimeter wave signals can finally achieve high-order frequency multiplication to generate millimeter wave signals, greatly reducing the frequency of modulated microwave signal sources, overcoming the problems of microwave drive signal frequency and modulator bandwidth that generate millimeter waves in optical fiber wireless communication technology, and reducing System device bandwidth requirements, reducing system costs;
当第二光滤波器的通带可调时，如果需要的两个光频分量的频率间隔为调制微波信号频率的6倍，则光电探测器拍频后可实现6次倍频产生高频毫米波；如果需要的两个光频分量的频率间隔为调制微波信号频率的8倍，则光电探测器拍频后可实现8次倍频产生高频毫米波；如果需要的两个光频分量的频率间隔为调制微波信号频率的10倍，则光电探测器拍频后可实现10次倍频产生高频毫米波，以此类推，可通过第二光滤波器的通带调整来选择该光生毫米波生成系统的倍频次数。When the passband of the second optical filter is adjustable, if the required frequency interval of the two optical frequency components is 6 times the frequency of the modulated microwave signal, the photodetector can achieve 6 times frequency multiplication to generate high frequency mm wave; if the required frequency interval of the two optical frequency components is 8 times the frequency of the modulated microwave signal, the photodetector can achieve 8 times of frequency multiplication to generate high-frequency millimeter waves; if the required two optical frequency components If the frequency interval is 10 times the frequency of the modulated microwave signal, then the photodetector can achieve 10 times of frequency multiplication to generate high-frequency millimeter waves, and so on, and the photo-generated millimeter wave can be selected by adjusting the passband of the second optical filter Frequency multiplication of the wave generating system.
本发明所要解决的技术问题之二是提供一种基于硫系玻璃光纤四波混频效应的毫米波生成方法，该毫米波生成系统采用外部调制技术结合硫系玻璃光纤四波混频效应实现频率的上变换，产生六倍频甚至更高倍频的毫米波信号，大大降低调制微波信号源的频率，克服光纤无线通信技术中产生毫米波的微波驱动信号频率和调制器带宽问题，降低器件带宽要求，减少系统成本。The second technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for generating millimeter waves based on the four-wave mixing effect of chalcogenide glass optical fibers. The up-conversion can generate millimeter-wave signals with six times or even higher frequencies, which greatly reduces the frequency of the modulated microwave signal source, overcomes the problems of the microwave drive signal frequency and modulator bandwidth for millimeter-wave generation in optical fiber wireless communication technology, and reduces device bandwidth requirements. , to reduce system cost.
本发明解决上述技术问题之二所采用的技术方案为：一种基于硫系玻璃光纤四波混频效应的毫米波生成方法，包括以下步骤：The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problem 2 is: a method for generating millimeter waves based on the four-wave mixing effect of chalcogenide glass optical fibers, comprising the following steps:
①采用激光器产生光功率为0dBm的连续光载波信号，将该连续光载波信号输入到双电极马赫-增德尔调制器的输入端；①A laser is used to generate a continuous optical carrier signal with an optical power of 0dBm, and the continuous optical carrier signal is input to the input end of the two-electrode Mach-Zehnder modulator;
②将功率为15dBm的调制微波信号通过功分器分为两路微波信号，将一路微波信号输入到双电极马赫-增德尔调制器的一个电极，将另一路微波信号输入到移相器中，移相器将另一路微波信号移相180度后输入到双电极马赫-增德尔调制器的另一个电极；② Divide the modulated microwave signal with a power of 15dBm into two microwave signals through a power divider, input one microwave signal to one electrode of the two-electrode Mach-Zehnder modulator, and input the other microwave signal to the phase shifter, The phase shifter shifts the phase of another microwave signal by 180 degrees and then inputs it to the other electrode of the two-electrode Mach-Zehnder modulator;
③调节双电极马赫-增德尔调制器的偏压，实现载波抑制双边带调制，双电极马赫-增德尔调制器调制后输出两个边带的光波，两个边带的光波的频率差为调制微波信号频率的2倍；③Adjust the bias voltage of the two-electrode Mach-Zehnder modulator to realize carrier-suppressed double-sideband modulation. The two-electrode Mach-Zehnder modulator outputs two sideband light waves after modulation, and the frequency difference between the two sideband light waves is the modulation 2 times the frequency of the microwave signal;
④将两个边带的光波进行放大处理使其光功率放大到25dBm，然后进行滤波处理后输入到硫系玻璃光纤中，两个边带的光波在硫系玻璃光纤中发生四波混频效应产生梳状光波输出，该梳状光波的相邻光频成分之间的频率间隔为调制微波信号频率的2倍；④ Amplify the light waves of the two sidebands to amplify the optical power to 25dBm, then filter them and input them into the chalcogenide glass fiber, and the light waves of the two sidebands will undergo four-wave mixing effect in the chalcogenide glass fiber Generate a comb-like light wave output, the frequency interval between adjacent optical frequency components of the comb-like light wave is twice the frequency of the modulated microwave signal;
⑤将梳状光波中的无用光频分量滤除，得到需要的两个光频分量；⑤ Filter out the useless optical frequency components in the comb light wave to obtain the two required optical frequency components;
⑥采用光衰减器将需要的两个光频分量的光功率调整到0dBm后输入到光电探测器中拍频，输出高频毫米波，该毫米波的频率就等于输入到光电探测器的两个光频分量的频率差。⑥Use an optical attenuator to adjust the optical power of the two required optical frequency components to 0dBm, then input it into the photodetector to beat the frequency, and output a high-frequency millimeter wave. The frequency of the millimeter wave is equal to the two frequencies input to the photodetector. The frequency difference of the optical frequency components.
所述的激光器为分布反馈式激光器，所述的光衰减器为可调光衰减器。The laser is a distributed feedback laser, and the optical attenuator is an adjustable optical attenuator.
所述的步骤④中采用掺铒光纤放大器进行放大处理，采用第一光滤波器进行滤波处理，所述的步骤⑤中采用第二光滤波器将梳状光波中的无用光频分量滤除。In the step ④, an erbium-doped fiber amplifier is used for amplification processing, and the first optical filter is used for filtering processing, and in the step ⑤, the second optical filter is used to filter out the useless optical frequency components in the comb light wave.
所述的第二光滤波器的通带可调。The passband of the second optical filter is adjustable.
所述的双电极马赫-增德尔调制器的调制微波信号频率在9.5-11GHz范围内连续可调。The frequency of the modulated microwave signal of the two-electrode Mach-Zehnder modulator is continuously adjustable within the range of 9.5-11 GHz.
与现有技术相比，本发明的毫米波生成方法的优点在于首先通过激光器产生光功率为0dBm的连续光载波信号输入到双电极马赫-增德尔调制器的输入端，采用功分器将功率为15dBm的调制微波信号分为两路微波信号，一路微波信号输入到双电极马赫-增德尔调制器的一个电极，另一路微波信号输入到移相器被移相180度后输入到双电极马赫-增德尔调制器的另一个电极，双电极马赫-增德尔调制器对输入其内的连续光载波信号和微波信号进行载波抑制双边带调制后输出两个边带的光波，两个边带的光波进行放大处理使其光功率放大到25dBm，然后进行滤波处理后输入到硫系玻璃光纤中，两个边带的光波在硫系玻璃光纤中发生四波混频效应产生梳状光波输出，梳状光波中的无用光频分量被滤除后得到需要的两个光频分量输入到光衰减器中，光衰减器将需要的两个光频分量的光功率调整到0dBm后输入到光电探测器中拍频后输出高频毫米波；由此采用外部调制技术结合四波混频效应实现频率的上变换，产生六倍频甚至更高倍频的毫米波信号，最终实现高次倍频产生毫米波信号，大大降低调制微波信号源的频率，克服光纤无线通信技术中产生毫米波的微波驱动信号频率和调制器带宽问题，降低系统器件带宽要求，减少毫米波生成方法成本；Compared with the prior art, the advantage of the millimeter-wave generation method of the present invention is that the continuous optical carrier signal with an optical power of 0 dBm is input to the input end of the dual-electrode Mach-Zehnder modulator through a laser, and the power is divided by a power divider. The 15dBm modulated microwave signal is divided into two microwave signals, one microwave signal is input to one electrode of the two-electrode Mach-Zehnder modulator, and the other microwave signal is input to the phase shifter and then input to the two-electrode Mach -The other electrode of the Zehnder modulator, the two-electrode Mach-Zehnder modulator performs carrier-suppressed double-sideband modulation on the continuous optical carrier signal and microwave signal input therein, and then outputs light waves with two sidebands, and two sidebands The light wave is amplified so that the optical power is amplified to 25dBm, and then filtered and then input into the chalcogenide glass fiber. The light waves of the two sidebands undergo a four-wave mixing effect in the chalcogenide glass fiber to generate a comb-shaped light wave output. After the useless optical frequency components in the shape light wave are filtered out, the required two optical frequency components are input to the optical attenuator, and the optical attenuator adjusts the optical power of the required two optical frequency components to 0dBm and then input to the photodetector Output high-frequency millimeter wave after mid-beat frequency; thus, external modulation technology combined with four-wave mixing effect is used to realize frequency up-conversion, generate six-fold frequency or even higher-frequency millimeter-wave signal, and finally realize high-order frequency multiplication to generate millimeter-wave signal, greatly reducing the frequency of the modulated microwave signal source, overcoming the problems of microwave drive signal frequency and modulator bandwidth that generate millimeter waves in optical fiber wireless communication technology, reducing system device bandwidth requirements, and reducing the cost of millimeter wave generation methods;
当第二光滤波器的通带可调时，如果需要的两个光频分量的频率间隔为调制微波信号频率的6倍，则光电探测器拍频后可实现6次倍频产生高频毫米波；如果需要的两个光频分量的频率间隔为调制微波信号频率的8倍，则光电探测器拍频后可实现8次倍频产生高频毫米波；如果需要的两个光频分量的频率间隔为调制微波信号频率的10倍，则光电探测器拍频后可实现10次倍频产生高频毫米波，以此类推，可通过第二光滤波器的通带调整来选择该光生毫米波生成方法的倍频次数。When the passband of the second optical filter is adjustable, if the required frequency interval of the two optical frequency components is 6 times the frequency of the modulated microwave signal, the photodetector can achieve 6 times frequency multiplication to generate high frequency mm wave; if the required frequency interval of the two optical frequency components is 8 times the frequency of the modulated microwave signal, the photodetector can achieve 8 times of frequency multiplication to generate high-frequency millimeter waves; if the required two optical frequency components If the frequency interval is 10 times the frequency of the modulated microwave signal, then the photodetector can achieve 10 times of frequency multiplication to generate high-frequency millimeter waves, and so on, and the photo-generated millimeter wave can be selected by adjusting the passband of the second optical filter The number of octaves for the wave generation method.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明的毫米波生成系统的原理框图；Fig. 1 is a functional block diagram of the millimeter wave generating system of the present invention;
图2为本发明的各步骤光波频率示意图；Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of light wave frequency of each step of the present invention;
图3为本发明的梳状光波的光谱图；Fig. 3 is the spectrogram of the comb light wave of the present invention;
图4为本发明的第二滤波器的滤波示意图；Fig. 4 is the filtering schematic diagram of the second filter of the present invention;
图5为本发明的光电探测器的输入端输入的光谱图；Fig. 5 is the spectrogram that the input terminal input of photodetector of the present invention;
图6为本发明的光电探测器的输出端输出的60GHz毫米波信号的频谱图。FIG. 6 is a spectrum diagram of the 60 GHz millimeter wave signal output from the output terminal of the photodetector of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
以下结合附图实施例对本发明的毫米波生成系统作进一步详细描述。The millimeter wave generation system of the present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the embodiments of the accompanying drawings.
实施例：如图1所示，一种基于硫系玻璃光纤四波混频效应的毫米波生成系统，包括用于产生光功率为0dBm的连续光载波信号的激光器1、用于将调制微波信号分为两路微波信号的功分器2、用于将微波信号移相180度的移相器3、双电极马赫-增德尔调制器(MZM)4、用于将光功率放大到25dBm的掺铒光纤放大器(EDFA)5、第一光滤波器6、硫系玻璃光纤7、第二光滤波器8、用于将光功率调整到0dBm的光衰减器9和光电探测器(PD)10；调制微波信号的功率为15dBm；Embodiment: As shown in Fig. 1, a kind of millimeter-wave generating system based on the four-wave mixing effect of chalcogenide glass fiber, including a laser 1 for generating a continuous optical carrier signal with an optical power of 0 dBm, is used to modulate the microwave signal Divided into two-way microwave signal power divider 2, phase shifter for 180 degrees of microwave signal phase shifter 3, two-electrode Mach-Zehnder modulator (MZM) 4, doped fiber for amplifying optical power to 25dBm Erbium fiber amplifier (EDFA) 5, first optical filter 6, chalcogenide glass fiber 7, second optical filter 8, optical attenuator 9 and photodetector (PD) 10 for adjusting optical power to 0 dBm; The power of the modulated microwave signal is 15dBm;
激光器1的输出端与双电极马赫-增德尔调制器4的输入端连接；功分器2具有两个输出端，分别为第一输出端和第二输出端，功分器2的第一输出端与双电极马赫-增德尔调制器4的一个电极连接，功分器2的第二输出端与移相器3的输入端连接，移相器3的输出端与双电极马赫-增德尔调制器4的另一个电极连接；双电极马赫-增德尔调制器4的输出端与掺铒光纤放大器5的输入端连接，掺铒光纤放大器5的输出端与第一光滤波器6的输入端连接，第一光滤波器6的输出端与硫系玻璃光纤7的输入端连接，硫系玻璃光纤7的输出端与第二光滤波器8的输入端连接，第二光滤波器8的输出端与光衰减器9的输入端连接，光衰减器9的输出端与光电探测器10的输入端连接。The output end of the laser 1 is connected to the input end of the two-electrode Mach-Zehnder modulator 4; the power divider 2 has two output ends, which are respectively the first output end and the second output end, and the first output end of the power divider 2 end is connected with an electrode of the two-electrode Mach-Zehnder modulator 4, the second output end of the power divider 2 is connected with the input end of the phase shifter 3, and the output end of the phase shifter 3 is connected with the two-electrode Mach-Zehnder modulator The other electrode of the device 4 is connected; the output end of the two-electrode Mach-Zehnder modulator 4 is connected with the input end of the erbium-doped fiber amplifier 5, and the output end of the erbium-doped fiber amplifier 5 is connected with the input end of the first optical filter 6 , the output end of the first optical filter 6 is connected to the input end of the chalcogenide glass fiber 7, the output end of the chalcogenide glass optical fiber 7 is connected to the input end of the second optical filter 8, and the output end of the second optical filter 8 It is connected with the input end of the optical attenuator 9 , and the output end of the optical attenuator 9 is connected with the input end of the photodetector 10 .
本实施例中，激光器1为分布反馈式激光器，光衰减器9为可调光衰减器。In this embodiment, the laser 1 is a distributed feedback laser, and the optical attenuator 9 is an adjustable optical attenuator.
本实施例中，第二光滤波器8的通带可调；双电极马赫-增德尔调制器4的调制微波信号频率在9.5-11GHz范围内连续可调。In this embodiment, the passband of the second optical filter 8 is adjustable; the frequency of the modulated microwave signal of the two-electrode Mach-Zehnder modulator 4 is continuously adjustable within the range of 9.5-11 GHz.
本实施例的毫米波生成系统的工作过程如下所述：激光器1、功分器2、移相器3和双电极马赫-增德尔调制器4组合实现载波抑制双边带调制功能，掺铒光纤放大器(EDFA)5、第一光滤波器6和硫系玻璃光纤7组合视线四波混频功能，第二光滤波器8、光衰减器9和光电探测器(PD)10组合实现毫米波生成功能；激光器1产生光功率为0dBm的连续光载波信号输入到双电极马赫-增德尔调制器4的输入端，功分器2将功率为15dBm的调制微波信号分为两路微波信号，一路微波信号输入到双电极马赫-增德尔调制器4的一个电极，另一路微波信号输入到移相器3被移相180度后输入到双电极马赫-增德尔调制器4的另一个电极，双电极马赫-增德尔调制器4对输入其内的连续光载波信号和微波信号进行载波抑制双边带调制后输出两个边带的光波，两个边带的光波首先通过掺铒光纤放大器5进行放大处理，然后通过第一光滤波器6滤除掺铒光纤放大器5产生的带外噪声后注入硫系玻璃光纤7内，放大后的两个边带的光波在硫系玻璃光纤7发生四波混频效应产生梳状光波输出，该梳状光波的光谱图如图3所示；第二光滤波器8将梳状光波中的无用光频分量滤除，得到需要的两个光频分量后输入到光衰减器9中，光衰减器9将需要的两个光频分量的光功率调整到0dBm后输入到光电探测器10中拍频后输出高频毫米波。The working process of the millimeter wave generation system of the present embodiment is as follows: laser 1, power splitter 2, phase shifter 3 and two-electrode Mach-Zehnder modulator 4 are combined to realize carrier suppression double sideband modulation function, erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) 5, the first optical filter 6 and the chalcogenide glass fiber 7 combine the line-of-sight four-wave mixing function, and the second optical filter 8, the optical attenuator 9 and the photodetector (PD) 10 combine to realize the millimeter wave generation function The laser 1 produces a continuous optical carrier signal with an optical power of 0dBm and inputs it to the input end of the dual-electrode Mach-Zehnder modulator 4, and the power divider 2 divides the modulated microwave signal with a power of 15dBm into two microwave signals, one microwave signal Input to one electrode of the two-electrode Mach-Zehnder modulator 4, another microwave signal is input to the phase shifter 3 and is phase-shifted by 180 degrees and then input to the other electrode of the two-electrode Mach-Zehnder modulator 4, the two-electrode Mach -Zehnder modulator 4 outputs light waves of two sidebands after carrying out carrier-suppression double-sideband modulation on the continuous optical carrier signal and microwave signal input therein, and the light waves of two sidebands are first amplified by erbium-doped fiber amplifier 5, Then filter out the out-of-band noise generated by the erbium-doped fiber amplifier 5 through the first optical filter 6 and inject it into the chalcogenide glass fiber 7, and the light waves of the amplified two sidebands undergo a four-wave mixing effect in the chalcogenide glass fiber 7 Comb light wave output is generated, and the spectrogram of the comb light wave is shown in Figure 3; the second optical filter 8 filters out the useless light frequency components in the comb light wave, and then input to the optical frequency component after obtaining two required light frequency components. In the attenuator 9, the optical attenuator 9 adjusts the required optical power of the two optical frequency components to 0 dBm and then inputs it into the photodetector 10 to beat the frequency and then outputs a high-frequency millimeter wave.
本实施例中，可通过调整第二光滤波器8的通带来调整毫米波生成系统的倍频次数。如果需要的两个光频分量的频率间隔为调制微波信号频率的6倍，则光电探测器拍频后可实现6次倍频产生高频毫米波；如果需要的两个光频分量的频率间隔为调制微波信号频率的8倍，则光电探测器拍频后可实现8次倍频产生高频毫米波；如果需要的两个光频分量的频率间隔为调制微波信号频率的10倍，则光电探测器拍频后可实现10次倍频产生高频毫米波，以此类推，可通过第二光滤波器8来选择该光生毫米波生成系统的倍频次数。当需要的两个光频分量的频率间隔为调制微波信号频率的6倍时，光电探测器10的输出端输出的60GHz毫米波信号，该光生毫米波生成系统各步骤光波频率示意图如图2所示，图2中fo为连续光载波信号的频率，f为调制微波信号的频率；第二滤波器的滤波示意图如图4所示；光电探测器的输入端输入的光谱图如图5所示；光电探测器10的输出端输出的60GHz毫米波信号的频谱图如图6所示。In this embodiment, the frequency multiplication times of the millimeter wave generation system can be adjusted by adjusting the passband of the second optical filter 8 . If the required frequency interval of the two optical frequency components is 6 times the frequency of the modulated microwave signal, the photodetector can achieve 6 times of frequency multiplication to generate high-frequency millimeter waves; if the required frequency interval of the two optical frequency components 8 times the frequency of the modulated microwave signal, the photoelectric detector can achieve 8 times of frequency multiplication to generate high-frequency millimeter waves; if the frequency interval between the two optical frequency components required is 10 times the frequency of the modulated microwave signal, the photoelectric After the detector beats the frequency, it can achieve 10 frequency multiplications to generate high-frequency millimeter waves. By analogy, the second optical filter 8 can be used to select the number of frequency multiplications of the optically generated millimeter wave generation system. When the frequency interval between the two required optical frequency components is 6 times the frequency of the modulated microwave signal, the output terminal of the photodetector 10 outputs a 60 GHz millimeter wave signal, and the schematic diagram of the light wave frequency of each step of the optically generated millimeter wave generation system is shown in Figure 2 In Fig. 2, f o is the frequency of the continuous optical carrier signal, and f is the frequency of the modulated microwave signal; the filtering schematic diagram of the second filter is shown in Fig. 4; the spectrogram input by the input terminal of the photodetector is shown in Fig. 5 The spectrum diagram of the 60 GHz millimeter wave signal output from the output terminal of the photodetector 10 is shown in FIG. 6 .
本实施例中，双电极马赫-增德尔调制器(MZM)4的调制微波信号频率在9.5-11GHz范围内连续可调，如果需要的两个光频分量的频率间隔为调制微波信号频率的6倍，则光电探测器拍频后可获得57-66GHz频率范围内连续可调的毫米波信号，可覆盖59-64GHz的无牌照的毫米波段。In this embodiment, the frequency of the modulated microwave signal of the two-electrode Mach-Zehnder modulator (MZM) 4 is continuously adjustable within the range of 9.5-11 GHz. times, the photodetector can obtain continuously adjustable millimeter-wave signals in the frequency range of 57-66GHz after beating the frequency, and can cover the unlicensed millimeter-wave band of 59-64GHz.
本发明还提供了一种基于硫系玻璃光纤四波混频效应的毫米波生成方法，以下结合附图实施例对本发明的光生毫米波生成方法作进一步详细描述。The present invention also provides a method for generating millimeter waves based on the four-wave mixing effect of chalcogenide glass optical fibers. The method for generating optically generated millimeter waves of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments of the accompanying drawings.
实施例：一种基于硫系玻璃光纤四波混频效应的毫米波生成方法，其特征在于包括以下步骤：Embodiment: A method for generating millimeter waves based on the four-wave mixing effect of chalcogenide glass optical fibers, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
①采用激光器产生光功率为0dBm的连续光载波信号，将该连续光载波信号输入到双电极马赫-增德尔调制器的输入端；①A laser is used to generate a continuous optical carrier signal with an optical power of 0dBm, and the continuous optical carrier signal is input to the input end of the two-electrode Mach-Zehnder modulator;
②将功率为15dBm的调制微波信号通过功分器分为两路微波信号，将一路微波信号输入到双电极马赫-增德尔调制器的一个电极，将另一路微波信号输入到移相器中，移相器将另一路微波信号移相180度后输入到双电极马赫-增德尔调制器的另一个电极；② Divide the modulated microwave signal with a power of 15dBm into two microwave signals through a power divider, input one microwave signal to one electrode of the two-electrode Mach-Zehnder modulator, and input the other microwave signal to the phase shifter, The phase shifter shifts the phase of another microwave signal by 180 degrees and then inputs it to the other electrode of the two-electrode Mach-Zehnder modulator;
③调节双电极马赫-增德尔调制器的偏压，实现载波抑制双边带调制，双电极马赫-增德尔调制器调制后输出两个边带的光波，两个边带的光波的频率差为调制微波信号频率的2倍；③Adjust the bias voltage of the two-electrode Mach-Zehnder modulator to realize carrier-suppressed double-sideband modulation. The two-electrode Mach-Zehnder modulator outputs two sideband light waves after modulation, and the frequency difference between the two sideband light waves is the modulation 2 times the frequency of the microwave signal;
④将两个边带的光波进行放大处理使其光功率放大到25dBm，然后进行滤波处理后输入到硫系玻璃光纤中，两个边带的光波在硫系玻璃光纤中发生四波混频效应产生梳状光波输出，该梳状光波的相邻光频成分之间的频率间隔为调制微波信号频率的2倍；④ Amplify the light waves of the two sidebands to amplify the optical power to 25dBm, then filter them and input them into the chalcogenide glass fiber, and the light waves of the two sidebands will undergo four-wave mixing effect in the chalcogenide glass fiber Generate a comb-like light wave output, the frequency interval between adjacent optical frequency components of the comb-like light wave is twice the frequency of the modulated microwave signal;
⑤将梳状光波中的无用光频分量滤除，得到需要的两个光频分量；⑤ Filter out the useless optical frequency components in the comb light wave to obtain the two required optical frequency components;
⑥采用光衰减器将需要的两个光频分量的光功率调整到0dBm后输入到光电探测器中拍频，输出毫米波，该毫米波的频率就等于输入到光电探测器的两个光频分量的频率差。⑥Use an optical attenuator to adjust the optical power of the two required optical frequency components to 0dBm, then input it into the photodetector to beat the frequency, and output the millimeter wave. The frequency of the millimeter wave is equal to the two optical frequencies input to the photodetector component frequency difference.
本实施例中，激光器为分布反馈式激光器，光衰减器为可调光衰减器。In this embodiment, the laser is a distributed feedback laser, and the optical attenuator is an adjustable optical attenuator.
本实施例中，步骤④中采用掺铒光纤放大器进行放大处理，采用第一光滤波器进行滤波处理，步骤⑤中采用第二光滤波器将梳状光波中的无用光频分量滤除。第二光滤波器8的通带可调；双电极马赫-增德尔调制器4的调制微波信号频率在9.5-11GHz范围内连续可调。In this embodiment, in step ④, an erbium-doped fiber amplifier is used for amplification processing, and the first optical filter is used for filtering processing, and in step ⑤, the second optical filter is used to filter out useless optical frequency components in the comb light wave. The passband of the second optical filter 8 is adjustable; the frequency of the modulated microwave signal of the two-electrode Mach-Zehnder modulator 4 is continuously adjustable within the range of 9.5-11 GHz.
本实施例中，可通过调整第二光滤波器8的通带来调整毫米波生成系统的倍频次数。如果需要的两个光频分量的频率间隔为调制微波信号频率的6倍，则光电探测器拍频后可实现6次倍频产生高频毫米波；如果需要的两个光频分量的频率间隔为调制微波信号频率的8倍，则光电探测器拍频后可实现8次倍频产生高频毫米波；如果需要的两个光频分量的频率间隔为调制微波信号频率的10倍，则光电探测器拍频后可实现10次倍频产生高频毫米波，以此类推，可通过第二光滤波器来选择该光生毫米波生成系统的倍频次数。当需要的两个光频分量的频率间隔为调制微波信号频率的6倍时，光电探测器10的输出端输出的60GHz毫米波信号，该光生毫米波生成方法各步骤光波频率示意图如图2所示，图2中fo为连续光载波信号的频率，f为调制微波信号的频率；第二滤波器的滤波示意图如图4所示，其中ωc为连续光载波信号的频率，ωRF为调制微波信号的频率，3ωRF表示ωRF的3倍，5ωRF表示ωRF的5倍，6ωRF表示ωRF的6倍；光电探测器的输入端输入的光谱图如图5所示；光电探测器10的输出端输出的60GHz毫米波信号的频谱图如图6所示。In this embodiment, the frequency multiplication times of the millimeter wave generation system can be adjusted by adjusting the passband of the second optical filter 8 . If the required frequency interval of the two optical frequency components is 6 times the frequency of the modulated microwave signal, the photodetector can achieve 6 times of frequency multiplication to generate high-frequency millimeter waves; if the required frequency interval of the two optical frequency components 8 times the frequency of the modulated microwave signal, the photoelectric detector can achieve 8 times of frequency multiplication to generate high-frequency millimeter waves; if the frequency interval between the two optical frequency components required is 10 times the frequency of the modulated microwave signal, the photoelectric After the detector beats the frequency, it can achieve 10 frequency multiplications to generate high-frequency millimeter waves. By analogy, the second optical filter can be used to select the number of frequency multiplications of the optically generated millimeter wave generation system. When the frequency interval between the two required optical frequency components is 6 times the frequency of the modulated microwave signal, the output terminal of the photodetector 10 outputs a 60 GHz millimeter wave signal, and the schematic diagram of the light wave frequency in each step of the optically generated millimeter wave generation method is shown in Figure 2 In Fig. 2, f o is the frequency of the continuous optical carrier signal, and f is the frequency of the modulated microwave signal; the schematic diagram of the second filter is shown in Fig. 4, where ω c is the frequency of the continuous optical carrier signal, and ω RF is The frequency of the modulated microwave signal, 3ω RF represents 3 times of ω RF , 5ω RF represents 5 times of ω RF , and 6ω RF represents 6 times of ω RF ; the input spectrogram of the input terminal of the photodetector is shown in Figure 5; The frequency spectrum of the 60 GHz millimeter wave signal output from the output end of the detector 10 is shown in FIG. 6 .
本实施例中，双电极马赫-增德尔调制器(MZM)的调制微波信号频率在9.5-11GHz范围内连续可调，如果需要的两个光频分量的频率间隔为调制微波信号频率的6倍，则光电探测器拍频后可获得57-66GHz频率范围内连续可调的毫米波信号，可覆盖59-64GHz的无牌照的毫米波段。In this embodiment, the frequency of the modulated microwave signal of the two-electrode Mach-Zehnder modulator (MZM) is continuously adjustable within the range of 9.5-11 GHz. If the frequency interval between the two optical frequency components is required to be 6 times the frequency of the modulated microwave signal , then the photodetector can obtain a continuously adjustable millimeter-wave signal in the frequency range of 57-66GHz after beating the frequency, and can cover the unlicensed millimeter-wave band of 59-64GHz.
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