CN103093855A - High conductivity rare earth hard aluminum conductor and preparation method - Google Patents
High conductivity rare earth hard aluminum conductor and preparation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103093855A CN103093855A CN2013100368019A CN201310036801A CN103093855A CN 103093855 A CN103093855 A CN 103093855A CN 2013100368019 A CN2013100368019 A CN 2013100368019A CN 201310036801 A CN201310036801 A CN 201310036801A CN 103093855 A CN103093855 A CN 103093855A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high conductivity rare earth hard aluminum conductor which comprises, by weight, 0.0887% to 0.145% of iron, iron with a weight ratio of 1.7 to 2.5 with the silicon, 0.01 % to 0.12 % of boron, 0.01% to 0.15% of gadolinium and aluminum. The invention further discloses a preparation method of the high conductivity rare earth hard aluminum conductor. The preparation method mainly comprises matching aluminum ingots, melting and carrying out boronizing, refining and other processes, the intensity of an obtained hard aluminum conductor is 160Mpa, electric conductivity is 63% IACS, and tensile strength is 160Mpa. Cables produced by utilizing the conductor can continue to be erected by using a traditional construction process, in a line operating process, line loss is reduced, and construction cost is saved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of aluminum conductor and preparation method thereof, relate in particular to a kind of high conductivity rare earth hard aluminum wire and preparation method.
Background technology
The overhead power transmission conducting wire of China is mainly take aluminium as conductor, and steel core is the steel reinforced aluminium conductor of supporting member, and aluminum steel conductance requirement used is〉61%IACS, resistivity is at 0.02790 ~ 0.028264 Ω mm
2/ m.In order to respond the policy of national industry long-run development " energy-saving and emission-reduction ", State Grid Corporation of China has proposed the novel intelligent electrical network of construction " resource-conserving, environmentally friendly, new technology, new material, new technology ".In the last thirty years, the aerial condutor industry being is all constantly is being researched and developed the higher aerial condutor of conductance, to reduce the circuit energy consumption, reduces the operating cost of circuit.In the research and development of high conductivity aluminium aerial condutor, at present mainly take the soft aluminum conductor of full annealing recrystallization as carrying object, the conductance of annealed aluminum wire can reach 63%IASC, and resistivity is generally at 0.027151 ~ 0.027586 Ω mm
2/ m.Yet, although soft aluminum conductor has improved the conductance of aluminum steel, but the intensity of aluminum steel and case hardness are obviously reduced, cause unfolding difficulty in construction, larger galled spots can increase circuit operation noise, strengthens electromagnetic interference, reduce discharge inception voltage, greatly weakens the low-resistance energy-saving effect of low-resistance soft aluminum conductor.Therefore, although existing 10 years of soft aluminum conductor exploitation, large-scale promotion not yet, only be applied in the dilatation of the special circuit of only a few so far.And duralumin used more than 100 year in the world as the transfer wire conductor, security of operation, reliable, and set up a whole set of construction unfolding, and the process of line upkeep and specific purpose tool equipment.Therefore, how improving wire intensity on the basis that does not as far as possible affect the existing line construction technology, improve conductance, control the amplitude that conductance descends, is the direction that the various countries researcher makes great efforts.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: the purpose of this invention is to provide and a kind ofly can improve conductance, the better high conductivity rare earth of technique tolerance hard aluminum wire; Another object of the present invention is to provide the preparation method of this hard aluminum wire.
Technical scheme: high conductivity rare earth hard aluminum wire of the present invention, its component is by weight percentage: iron 0.0875%～0.145%, the iron silicon ratio example is controlled between 1.7 ~ 2.5, boron 0.01 ~ 0.12%, gadolinium 0.01 ~ 0.15%, all the other are aluminium.Hard aluminum wire of the present invention has added rare earth gadolinium element, can improve wire intensity, and simultaneously, the amplitude that conductance descends reduces.
The preparation method of high conductivity rare earth hard aluminum wire of the present invention is comprised of following steps:
(a) the apolegamy aluminium ingot, use the smelting furnace melting, makes that in aluminium liquid, iron content is 0.0875%～0.145%, and the iron silicon ratio example is controlled between 1.7 ~ 2.5;
(b) after aluminium ingot melts fully, add aluminum-boron alloy, in control aluminium liquid, boron content is 0.01 ~ 0.12%, then adds refining agent, stirring, standing, purification aluminum melt, and cleaning aluminium liquid surfaces of aluminum slag keeps temperature of aluminum liquid to be essentially certain value in process;
(c) add the aluminium gadpolinium alloy in the aluminium liquid after processing toward step (b), guarantee that in aluminium liquid, gadolinium concentrations is 0.01 ~ 0.15%, stir, standing, purify aluminum melt, cleaning aluminium liquid surfaces of aluminum slag keeps temperature of aluminum liquid to be essentially certain value in process;
(d) the aluminium liquid after step (c) is processed adopts swage to be cast into the aluminium bar, treats that the aluminium bar is cooled to room temperature, is drawn into the duralumin single line with wire drawing machine;
(e) the duralumin single line that step (d) is made carries out low temperature recovery to be processed, and temperature is controlled at 100～250 ℃, makes high conductivity rare earth hard aluminum wire.
The aluminium ingot of selection of A L99.70A or its above trade mark in described step (a), 720～760 ℃ of smelting temperatures.
In the middle aluminum-boron alloy of described step (b), boron content is 1.8～2.2%, and in aluminium liquid, boron content is preferably 0.01～0.06%, simultaneously,
In described step (b), refining agent is mixed by 15 ~ 25% sodium chloride, 30 ~ 40% potassium chloride, 5 ~ 12% chlordene methane, 3 ~ 7% potassium fluoborate, 12 ~ 16% cryolite, 10 ~ 20% charcoal powder, and its content is 0.1 ~ 0.5%.
In the middle aluminium gadpolinium alloy of described step (c), gadolinium concentrations is 1.8～2.2%.
Described step (b) or (c) in adopt the mode be blown into nitrogen or inert gas to stir aluminum melt, stirred 2～3 minutes, standing 3～10 minutes, 720～760 ℃ of maintenance temperature of aluminum liquid.
The swage preheating is 100 ℃ in described step (d), is 12mm with the aluminium shank diameter of its casting.
In described step (d), the Reduction per draft of wire drawing machine is 25 ~ 30%, 1 ~ 10 m/min of drawing speed, and the duralumin line diameter of drawing is 3mm.
Beneficial effect: the present invention compared with prior art, its advantage is the method with heavy rare earth element gadolinium microalloying, reduces the solid solubility of the impurity elements such as Fe, Si, and the aluminium gadolinium intermetallic compound by separating out in the low temperature aging process, plays the precipitation strength effect.Guaranteeing to reduce the impact on the hard aluminum wire conductance under the prerequisite of strengthening effect, simultaneously, strictly control Fe, Si content and ratio thereof, and through PROCESS FOR TREATMENT such as boronation, refinings, can make wire intensity 160Mpa,
Conductance 63%IACS, the hard aluminum wire of tensile strength 160MPa.The cable that utilizes this wire to produce can continue to use traditional construction technology to set up; In the circuit running, reduce line loss, save operating expenses.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1: match 2 kilograms of aluminium ingots that the trade mark is 99.70A, melt in pit-type furnace, 720 ℃ of smelting temperatures, corundum crucible, add 50 gram aluminum-boron alloys after the aluminium ingot fusing, then the refining agent that adds 6 grams, refining agent is mixed by 18% sodium chloride, 32% potassium chloride, 10% chlordene methane, 6% potassium fluoborate, 15% cryolite and 19% charcoal powder, then be blown into the nitrogen gas stirring aluminum melt, stir after 3 minutes, standing 8 minutes, cleaning aluminium liquid surfaces of aluminum slag kept 725 ℃ of temperature of aluminum liquid in process; After slagging-off finishes, add 100 gram aluminium gadpolinium alloys, be blown into the nitrogen gas stirring aluminum melt, stir after 2 minutes, the silicon content 0.048% in direct reading spectrometry aluminium liquid is adopted in sampling after standing 3 minutes, iron content 0.115%, iron silicone content ratio is 2.40, boron content 0.024%, gadolinium constituent content 0.10%; After standing 2 minutes, adopt swage to be cast into the aluminium bar that diameter is 12mm, swage is preheated to 100 ℃; After the aluminium bar was cooled to room temperature, adopting wire drawing machine was 25% according to Reduction per draft, and 1 m/min of drawing speed is drawn into the aluminum steel that diameter is 3mm, carries out altogether six passages distortion; Aluminum steel is put into Muffle furnace carry out the low temperature aging reply, 120 ℃ of aging temps are incubated 180 minutes; Come out of the stove cooling rear detection aluminum steel electric conductivity and mechanical performance, its resistivity is 0.027302 ± 0.000011 Ω mm
2/ m, conductance is 63.14 ± 0.03%IACS, elongation is 2.0%, tensile strength 168 ± 3MPa.
Embodiment 2: match 2.5 kilograms of aluminium ingots that the trade mark is 99.70A, melt in pit-type furnace, 735 ℃ of smelting temperatures, corundum crucible, add 75 gram aluminum-boron alloys after the aluminium ingot fusing, then the refining agent that adds 5 grams, refining agent is mixed by 20% sodium chloride, 35% potassium chloride, 10% chlordene methane, 4% potassium fluoborate, 14% cryolite and 17% charcoal powder, then be blown into the nitrogen gas stirring aluminum melt, stir after 3 minutes, standing 10 minutes, cleaning aluminium liquid surfaces of aluminum slag kept 730 ℃ of temperature of aluminum liquid in process; After slagging-off finishes, add 150 gram aluminium gadpolinium alloys, be blown into the nitrogen gas stirring aluminum melt, stir after 2 minutes, the silicon content 0.052% in direct reading spectrometry aluminium liquid is adopted in sampling after standing 3 minutes, iron content 0.105%, iron silicone content ratio is 2.02, boron content 0.06%, gadolinium constituent content 0.12%; Add alfer after standing 2 minutes, adopt swage to be cast into the aluminium bar that diameter is 12mm, swage is preheated to 100 ℃; After the aluminium bar was cooled to room temperature, adopting wire drawing machine was 30% according to Reduction per draft, and 10 m/mins of drawing speeies are drawn into the aluminum steel that diameter is 3mm, carry out altogether seven passages distortion; Aluminum steel is put into Muffle furnace carry out the low temperature aging reply, 135 ℃ of aging temps are incubated 240 minutes; Come out of the stove cooling rear detection aluminum steel electric conductivity and mechanical performance, its resistivity is 0.027256 ± 0.000021 Ω mm
2/ m, conductance is 63.25 ± 0.05%IACS, elongation is 2.1%, tensile strength 165 ± 2MPa.
Embodiment 3: match 3 kilograms of aluminium ingots that the trade mark is 99.70A, melt in pit-type furnace, 720 ℃ of smelting temperatures, corundum crucible, add 20 gram aluminum-boron alloys after the aluminium ingot fusing, then the refining agent that adds 8 grams, refining agent is mixed by 15% sodium chloride, 30% potassium chloride, 5% chlordene methane, 3% potassium fluoborate, 12% cryolite and 10% charcoal powder, then be blown into the nitrogen gas stirring aluminum melt, stir after 3 minutes, standing 10 minutes, cleaning aluminium liquid surfaces of aluminum slag kept 720 ℃ of temperature of aluminum liquid in process; After slagging-off finishes, add 20 gram aluminium gadpolinium alloys, be blown into the nitrogen gas stirring aluminum melt, stir after 2 minutes, the silicon content 0.0515% in direct reading spectrometry aluminium liquid is adopted in sampling after standing 3 minutes, iron content 0.0875%, iron silicone content ratio is 1.7, boron content 0.01%, gadolinium constituent content 0.01%; Add alfer after standing 2 minutes, adopt swage to be cast into the aluminium bar that diameter is 12mm, swage is preheated to 100 ℃; After the aluminium bar was cooled to room temperature, adopting wire drawing machine was 30% according to Reduction per draft, and 7 m/mins of drawing speeies are drawn into the aluminum steel that diameter is 3mm, carry out altogether seven passages distortion; Aluminum steel is put into Muffle furnace carry out the low temperature aging reply, 200 ℃ of aging temps are incubated 240 minutes; Come out of the stove cooling rear detection aluminum steel electric conductivity and mechanical performance, its resistivity is 0.027226 ± 0.000015 Ω mm
2/ m, conductance is 63.32 ± 0.04%IACS, elongation is 2.0%, tensile strength 162 ± 2MPa.
Embodiment 4: match 2.5 kilograms of aluminium ingots that the trade mark is 99.85A, melt in pit-type furnace, 760 ℃ of smelting temperatures, corundum crucible, add 160 gram aluminum-boron alloys after the aluminium ingot fusing, then the refining agent that adds 12.5 grams, refining agent is mixed by 25% sodium chloride, 40% potassium chloride, 12% chlordene methane, 7% potassium fluoborate, 16% cryolite and 20% charcoal powder, then be blown into argon gas and stir aluminum melt, stir after 3 minutes, standing 10 minutes, cleaning aluminium liquid surfaces of aluminum slag kept 760 ℃ of temperature of aluminum liquid in process; After slagging-off finishes, add 200 gram aluminium gadpolinium alloys, be blown into the nitrogen gas stirring aluminum melt, stir after 2 minutes, the silicon content 0.058% in direct reading spectrometry aluminium liquid is adopted in sampling after standing 3 minutes, iron content 0.145%, iron silicone content ratio is 2.5, boron content 0.12%, gadolinium constituent content 0.15%; Add alfer after standing 2 minutes, adopt swage to be cast into the aluminium bar that diameter is 12mm, swage is preheated to 100 ℃; After the aluminium bar was cooled to room temperature, adopting wire drawing machine was 28% according to Reduction per draft, and 8 m/mins of drawing speeies are drawn into the aluminum steel that diameter is 3mm, carry out altogether seven passages distortion; Aluminum steel is put into Muffle furnace carry out the low temperature aging reply, 165 ℃ of aging temps are incubated 240 minutes; Come out of the stove cooling rear detection aluminum steel electric conductivity and mechanical performance, its resistivity is 0.027213 ± 0.000013 Ω mm
2/ m, conductance is 63.35 ± 0.04%IACS, elongation is 2.3%, tensile strength 164 ± 3MPa.
Claims (10)
1. high conductivity rare earth hard aluminum wire, its component is by weight percentage: iron 0.0875%～0.145%, the iron silicon ratio example is controlled between 1.7 ~ 2.5, boron 0.01 ~ 0.12%, gadolinium 0.01 ~ 0.15%, all the other are aluminium.
2. the method for preparing the described high conductivity rare earth of claim 1 hard aluminum wire is characterized in that the method is comprised of following steps:
(a) the apolegamy aluminium ingot, use the smelting furnace melting, makes that in aluminium liquid, iron content is 0.0875%～0.145%, and the iron silicon ratio example is controlled between 1.7 ~ 2.5;
(b) after aluminium ingot melts fully, add aluminum-boron alloy, in control aluminium liquid, boron content is 0.01 ~ 0.12%, stirring, standing, purification aluminum melt, and cleaning aluminium liquid surfaces of aluminum slag keeps temperature of aluminum liquid to be essentially constant temperature in process;
(c) add the aluminium gadpolinium alloy in the aluminium liquid after processing toward step (b), guarantee that in aluminium liquid, gadolinium concentrations is 0.01 ~ 0.15%, stir, standing, purify aluminum melt, cleaning aluminium liquid surfaces of aluminum slag keeps temperature of aluminum liquid to be essentially constant temperature in process;
(d) the aluminium liquid after step (c) is processed is cast into the aluminium bar, treats that the aluminium bar is cooled to room temperature, is drawn into the duralumin single line;
(e) the duralumin single line that step (d) is made carries out low temperature recovery to be processed, and temperature is controlled at 100～250 ℃, makes high conductivity rare earth hard aluminum wire.
3. the preparation method of high conductivity rare earth hard aluminum wire according to claim 2, is characterized in that: the aluminium ingot of selection of A L99.70A or its above trade mark in described step (a).
4. the preparation method of high conductivity rare earth hard aluminum wire according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: in described step (a), smelting temperature is 720～760 ℃.
5. the preparation method of high conductivity rare earth hard aluminum wire according to claim 2 is characterized in that: described step (b) controls that in aluminium liquid, boron content is 0.01～0.06%, and simultaneously, in aluminum-boron alloy, boron content is 1.8～2.2%.
6. the preparation method of high conductivity rare earth hard aluminum wire according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: add refining agent in described step (b), this refining agent is mixed by 15 ~ 25% sodium chloride, 30 ~ 40% potassium chloride, 5 ~ 12% chlordene methane, 3 ~ 7% potassium fluoborate, 12 ~ 16% cryolite, 10 ~ 20% charcoal powder, and its content is 0.1 ~ 0.5%.
7. the preparation method of high conductivity rare earth hard aluminum wire according to claim 2 is characterized in that: in described step (c) in the aluminium gadpolinium alloy gadolinium concentrations be 1.8～2.2%.
8. the preparation method of high conductivity rare earth hard aluminum wire according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described step (b) or (c) in adopt the mode be blown into nitrogen or inert gas to stir aluminum melt, stirred 2～3 minutes, standing 3～10 minutes, keep 720～760 ℃ of temperature of aluminum liquid.
9. the preparation method of high conductivity rare earth hard aluminum wire according to claim 2 is characterized in that: adopt swage that aluminium liquid is cast into the aluminium bar in described step (d), and 100 ℃ of swage preheatings, the aluminium shank diameter that is cast into is 12mm.
10. the preparation method of high conductivity rare earth hard aluminum wire according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: draw the aluminium bar with wire drawing machine in described step (d), the Reduction per draft of this wire drawing machine is 25 ~ 30%, 1 ~ 10 m/min of drawing speed, and the duralumin line diameter of drawing is 3mm.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104532074A (en) * | 2014-12-29 | 2015-04-22 | 湖南金龙电缆有限公司 | High-conductivity hard aluminum lead and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN105671372A (en) * | 2016-01-25 | 2016-06-15 | 华北电力大学 | Duralumin conductor material with 63% IACS and preparation method thereof |
| CN109234580A (en) * | 2018-08-03 | 2019-01-18 | 特变电工山东鲁能泰山电缆有限公司 | A kind of high-strength conductive rate aluminium bar material and production method |
| CN110129623A (en) * | 2019-04-26 | 2019-08-16 | 东南大学 | A kind of rare earth aluminium alloy foil and its preparation method and application |
| CN110726679A (en) * | 2019-09-26 | 2020-01-24 | 广西电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | Method for rapidly judging linear performance of hard aluminum overhead transmission line |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104532074A (en) * | 2014-12-29 | 2015-04-22 | 湖南金龙电缆有限公司 | High-conductivity hard aluminum lead and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN105671372A (en) * | 2016-01-25 | 2016-06-15 | 华北电力大学 | Duralumin conductor material with 63% IACS and preparation method thereof |
| CN105671372B (en) * | 2016-01-25 | 2017-11-28 | 华北电力大学 | A kind of duralumin conductor material of 63%IACS and preparation method thereof |
| CN109234580A (en) * | 2018-08-03 | 2019-01-18 | 特变电工山东鲁能泰山电缆有限公司 | A kind of high-strength conductive rate aluminium bar material and production method |
| CN110129623A (en) * | 2019-04-26 | 2019-08-16 | 东南大学 | A kind of rare earth aluminium alloy foil and its preparation method and application |
| CN110726679A (en) * | 2019-09-26 | 2020-01-24 | 广西电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | Method for rapidly judging linear performance of hard aluminum overhead transmission line |
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