CN103089269A - Method for cutting and pre-breaking top coal to improve mining efficiency by utilizing water power - Google Patents
Method for cutting and pre-breaking top coal to improve mining efficiency by utilizing water power Download PDFInfo
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- CN103089269A CN103089269A CN2013100240833A CN201310024083A CN103089269A CN 103089269 A CN103089269 A CN 103089269A CN 2013100240833 A CN2013100240833 A CN 2013100240833A CN 201310024083 A CN201310024083 A CN 201310024083A CN 103089269 A CN103089269 A CN 103089269A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for cutting and pre-breaking top coal to improve mining efficiency by utilizing water power, which solves the problem that a relatively hard and complete roof coal seam, particularly a coal seam tightly attached to an upper rock body, is difficult for top coal caving, large in coal falling lumpiness and not high in mining efficiency. The method comprises the following steps of: drilling advanced boreholes in a roof coal body to a coal rock boundary surface on a mining working surface by utilizing a drilling machine; extending a high-pressure water pipe in the boreholes; and cutting a plurality of subhorizontal semicircular transverse slots by utilizing the impact force of high-pressure water from top to bottom in the top coal. A plurality of yielding regions are formed by the boreholes in linear distribution in the roof coal body, the mechanical conditions in the coal body are changed, the hard and complete coal body is promoted to be deformed and broken under the effect of advanced concentrated stress, and a plurality of cracks are generated; the coal-rock and coal-coal contact areas are reduced through the transverse slots, and the coal body on the boundary surface is further extruded under the effect of roof high stress, so that the coal body is broken, the adhesive power is lost, manual layering is achieved, and coal is convenient to fall. The method is simple and quick, high in operability and good in timeliness, the coal mining speed can be efficiently increased, and the mining efficiency of the top coal is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method that improves the coal mining rate, especially a kind of method of utilizing waterpower cutting pre-broken top coal raising coefficient of mining.
Background technology
The top coal caving method has been widely used since occurring 70 ~ eighties of 20th century, greatly reduces labour intensity, has improved the operating efficiency of mining.But this technology is in application process, and to the part coal seam, as comparatively hard in ature of coal, integrality is the coal seam preferably, often exists the top coal and is difficult to the problem that complete let-down, coal breakage lumpiness are large, coefficient of mining is not high, has caused a large amount of wastings of resources.For this problem, both at home and abroad the scientific worker proposes many methods and solves, the methods such as softening in water filling, high pressure water injection fracturing, dark (shallow) explosion.These methods have reduced to a certain extent top coal let-down difficulty, have improved the top coal caving rate, but these method ubiquities the problem that construction is comparatively complicated, there is potential safety hazard in work progress, have limitation simultaneously on using.The water filling sealing of hole measure of adopting as water filling softening method and high pressure water injection fracturing method is difficult to realize on top board, and caving validity, ageing very poor; The middle girdle be close to for the coal body that generally runs in coal mining and rock mass of (shallow) hole blasting method deeply, not only difficulty is larger on constructing operation, and can cause breaking of roof rock mass, there is a large amount of rock impurity in coal breakage, and the stability of heavy damage top board, form potential safety hazard.So, being necessary for this project difficult problem, proposition science, convenience, meet the method for engineering mechanics rule, effectively pre-broken top coal reduces the let-down difficulty, improves the top coal caving rate.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem: the objective of the invention is for comparatively hard, integrality top board coal seam preferably, particularly for the coal seam Sub-Level Caving difficulty of being close to the top rock mass, the problem that coefficient of mining is not high, provide a kind of simple, ageing good, safe, coal-mining method of effectively improving top coal mining rate of constructing.
Technical scheme: the present invention utilizes the method for waterpower cutting pre-broken top coal raising coefficient of mining, comprises the steps:
A, with playing advance borehole in the top board coal body of rig before hydraulic support to coal body and rock stratum at the interface;
B, extract drilling rod, the high-pressure water pipe that front end is equipped with high-pressure nozzle stretches into the advance borehole bottom, open valve, high-pressure water jet by the pressure of setting and flow to coal body along laterally carrying out the waterpower cutting, and uniform rotation high-pressure water pipe, make high-pressure water jet cut out semicircular horizontal slot along the digging direction in coal body, rotate back and forth high-pressure water pipe, make the horizontal slot that cuts out reach design radial;
C, the high-pressure nozzle that will stretch in advance borehole move down a segment distance, continue that coal body is carried out hydraulic slotted liner technique and reach design radial, repeat the waterpower cutting repeatedly, cut out a plurality of horizontal slots in advance borehole from top to bottom;
D, repeating step a, b, c in the top board coal body on coal-face, press along coal-face and set a plurality of advance boreholes of spacing construction, and utilize waterpower to cut out a plurality of horizontal slots in each boring;
E, along with the carrying out of Sub-Level Caving construction, by step pitch, hydraulic support is moved forward, and take this step pitch as array pitch, arranges the next row advance borehole.
The step pitch that described hydraulic support moves is 1000mm ~ 1500mm; The spacing of described advance borehole is 1000mm ~ 1500mm, and diameter is 150mm ~ 200mm, and boring is tilted to the digging direction, and the inclination angle is 60 ° ~ 80 °; The vertical spacing of described horizontal slot (7) is 300mm ~ 500mm, and thickness is 10mm ~ 20mm, and radius is 500mm ~ 750mm; Described high-pressure water jet pressure is 20MPa ~ 30MPa, and flow is 50 ~ 70L/min.
Beneficial effect: the present invention not only can effectively improve top coal mining rate hard, complete coal seam, reduces the lumpiness of coal breakage, accelerate exploitation rate, and it is simple and convenient, safe, ageing good to construct.One aspect of the present invention has formed numerous nips that allows in the top board coal body, change the mechanical condition in coal body, promotes the deformation fracture under the effect of leading concentrated stress of hard coal body, produces a large amount of crisscross cracks; On the other hand, laterally slot has reduced the contact area of coal petrography, coal coal, under the heavily stressed effect of top board further the coal body on the extruding interface make its fragmentation, lose cementability, realized the manual zoning, be convenient to coal breakage.Boring, laterally leading cutting broken piecemeal has in advance been carried out with the top board coal seam in slot and secondary a large amount of cracks, being convenient to the top coal is caving under Gravitative Loads, reduced because of the normal resources loss that causes of let-down of top coal, and the lumpiness that reduces coal breakage can avoid the bulk coal breakage to the damage of hydraulic support and to the obstruction of coal discharge outlet.The method can effectively solve the difficult problem that hard, complete top coal is difficult to let-down, has greatly improved top coal mining rate and exploitation construction speed.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is enforcement arrangement diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the sectional drawing of I-I in Fig. 1.
In figure: 1-hydraulic support, 2-coal body, 3-advance borehole, 4-rock stratum, 5-high-pressure nozzle, 6-high-pressure water pipe; The horizontal slot of 7-.
The specific embodiment
As shown in drawings: the present invention utilizes the operating procedure of waterpower cutting pre-broken top coal raising coefficient of mining method to be:
1. with playing advance borehole 3 in the top board coal body 2 of rig before hydraulic support 1 to coal body 2 and rock stratum 4 at the interface;
2. extract drilling rod, the high-pressure water pipe 6 that front end is equipped with high-pressure nozzle 5 stretches into advance borehole 3 bottoms, open valve, make high-pressure water jet take pressure as 20MPa ~ 30MPa, flow as 50 ~ 70L/min to coal body 2 along laterally carrying out the waterpower cutting, and uniform rotation high-pressure water pipe 6, make high-pressure water jet cut out semicircular horizontal slot 7 along the digging direction in coal body 2, rotate back and forth high-pressure water pipe 6, make the horizontal slot 7 that cuts out reach design radial;
The high-pressure nozzle 5 that 3. will stretch in advance borehole 3 moves down setpoint distance, continues that coal body 2 is carried out hydraulic slotted liner technique and reaches design radial, repeats the waterpower cutting repeatedly, cuts out a plurality of horizontal slots 7 in advance borehole 3 from top to bottom; The vertical spacing of described horizontal slot 7 is 300mm ~ 500mm, and thickness is 10mm ~ 20mm, and radius is 500mm ~ 750mm; Utilize high-pressure water jet when the horizontal slot 7 of cutting, each horizontal slot 7 required time is about 5min ~ 10min, and reciprocal uniform rotation high-pressure nozzle 5 ~ 20 round trips;
4. 1., 2., 3. repeating step, in the top board coal body 2 on coal-face, setting a plurality of advance boreholes 3 of spacing construction, and utilizes waterpower to cut out a plurality of horizontal slots 7 in each boring along coal-face;
The carrying out of 5. constructing along with Sub-Level Caving, step pitch by 1000mm ~ 1500mm moves forward hydraulic support 1, and take this step pitch as array pitch, arrange next row advance borehole 3, the spacing of advance borehole 3 is 1000mm ~ 1500mm, diameter is 150mm ~ 200mm, and boring is tilted to the digging direction, and the inclination angle is 60 ° ~ 80 °.
Claims (5)
1. a method of utilizing waterpower cutting pre-broken top coal raising coefficient of mining, is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
A, play advance borehole (3) with rig to coal body (2) and rock stratum (4) at the interface in the front top board coal body (2) of hydraulic support (1);
B, extract drilling rod, the high-pressure water pipe (6) that front end is equipped with high-pressure nozzle (5) stretches into advance borehole (3) bottom, open valve, high-pressure water jet by the pressure of setting and flow to coal body (2) along laterally carrying out the waterpower cutting, and uniform rotation high-pressure water pipe (6), make high-pressure water jet cut out semicircular horizontal slot (7) along the digging direction in coal body (2), rotate back and forth high-pressure water pipe (6), make the horizontal slot (7) that cuts out reach design radial;
C, the high-pressure nozzle (5) that will stretch in advance borehole (3) move down setpoint distance, continuation is carried out hydraulic slotted liner technique to coal body (2) and is reached design radial, repeat the waterpower cutting repeatedly, cut out a plurality of horizontal slots (7) from top to bottom in advance borehole (3);
D, repeating step a, b, c in the top board coal body (2) on coal-face, press along coal-face and set spacing construction a plurality of advance boreholes (3), and utilize waterpower to cut out a plurality of horizontal slots (7) in each boring;
E, along with the carrying out of Sub-Level Caving construction, by step pitch, hydraulic support (1) is moved forward, and take this step pitch as array pitch layout next row advance borehole (3).
2. the waterpower of utilizing according to claim 1 is cut the method that pre-broken top coal improves coefficient of mining, and it is characterized in that: the mobile step pitch of described hydraulic support (1) is 1000mm ~ 1500mm.
3. the waterpower of utilizing according to claim 1 is cut the method that pre-broken top coal improves coefficient of mining, it is characterized in that: the spacing of described advance borehole (3) is 1000mm ~ 1500mm, diameter is 150mm ~ 200mm, and boring is tilted to the digging direction, and the inclination angle is 60 ° ~ 80 °.
4. the waterpower of utilizing according to claim 1 is cut the method that pre-broken top coal improves coefficient of mining, and it is characterized in that: the vertical spacing of described horizontal slot (7) is 300mm ~ 500mm, and thickness is 10mm ~ 20mm, and radius is 500mm ~ 750mm.
5. the waterpower of utilizing according to claim 1 is cut the method that pre-broken top coal improves coefficient of mining, and it is characterized in that: described high-pressure water jet pressure is 20MPa ~ 30MPa, and flow is 50 ~ 70L/min.
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| CN201310024083.3A CN103089269B (en) | 2013-01-23 | 2013-01-23 | Method for cutting and pre-breaking top coal to improve mining efficiency by utilizing water power |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104632224A (en) * | 2014-12-30 | 2015-05-20 | 辽宁天安科技有限公司 | Shortwall hydraulic mining method along strike |
| CN104712338A (en) * | 2015-01-15 | 2015-06-17 | 山东科技大学 | Thick seam fully-mechanized caving faces double-layer hard-and-thick strata advance presplitting method |
| CN110644995A (en) * | 2019-10-25 | 2020-01-03 | 山东东山古城煤矿有限公司 | Top coal caving pre-splitting section, pre-splitting device and method based on hard and thick coal seam of coal mine |
| CN112943242A (en) * | 2021-02-03 | 2021-06-11 | 中国矿业大学 | Method for improving lump coal rate of coal mining |
| CN114542067A (en) * | 2022-01-16 | 2022-05-27 | 中南大学 | Safe mining method for coal seam covered with hard rock stratum |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104632224A (en) * | 2014-12-30 | 2015-05-20 | 辽宁天安科技有限公司 | Shortwall hydraulic mining method along strike |
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| CN110644995A (en) * | 2019-10-25 | 2020-01-03 | 山东东山古城煤矿有限公司 | Top coal caving pre-splitting section, pre-splitting device and method based on hard and thick coal seam of coal mine |
| CN112943242A (en) * | 2021-02-03 | 2021-06-11 | 中国矿业大学 | Method for improving lump coal rate of coal mining |
| CN114542067A (en) * | 2022-01-16 | 2022-05-27 | 中南大学 | Safe mining method for coal seam covered with hard rock stratum |
| CN114542067B (en) * | 2022-01-16 | 2023-02-03 | 中南大学 | Safe mining method for coal seam overlying hard rock stratum |
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