CN103087386A - Preparation method of low-percolation graphene/macromolecule electromagnetism shielding material - Google Patents
Preparation method of low-percolation graphene/macromolecule electromagnetism shielding material Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a preparation method of a low-percolation graphene/macromolecule electromagnetism shielding material. The composite material comprises the following main raw materials by weight percent: 94-99.7wt% of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) and 0.3-6wt% of graphene oxide GONS. The preparation process comprises the following steps: (1) drying the raw materials; (2) preparing GONS/UHMWPE conductive particles; and (3) pressing and forming at high temperatures. According to the invention, the graphene oxide is reduced in situ at high temperatures in a hot pressing preparation process, so that the agglomeration of the graphene oxide in a chemical reduction process is avoided, the composite material has lower conductive percolation value, higher conductivity and higher electromagnetism shielding performance; and the preparation process is simple and low in production cost, the process is easy to master and mass production is easy to achieve.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the conductive polymer composite field, particularly the low preparation method who exceedes the Graphene (hereinafter to be referred as GNS) that oozes/ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene(UHMWPE) (hereinafter to be referred as UHMWPE) polymer electromagnetic shielding material.
Background technology
Compare with the conducting polymer composite of conventional scorification preparation, the isolation structure conductive polymer composites can demonstrate excellent electric property (H.Pang, et al.Mater.Lett.2012,79:96-99.) under extremely low conducting particles filler.Its reason is in the isolation structure network, the conducting particles selective distribution between the polymer particles interface rather than random distribution inner at polymeric matrix.Therefore all having in fields such as antistatic, temp auto-controlled, current limliting, limit temperature and electromagnetic shieldings, the isolation structure conductive polymer composite uses widely (H.Pang, et al.Appl.Phys.Lett.2010,96:251907.).Gelves etc. have prepared copper nano-wire/polystyrene isolation structure conductive polymer composite, when discovery only is 0.67% at packing volume content, matrix material just can possess excellent capability of electromagnetic shielding (G.A.Gelves, et al.J.Mater.Chem.2011,21:829-836.).
In conductive filler material, GNS is because its larger radius-thickness ratio and excellent specific conductivity are paid close attention to (S.Stankovich, et al.Nature2006,442:282-286.) widely in the conductive polymer composite field.Recently, some scholars report that isolation structure GNS/ polymer composite can realize higher specific conductivity (H.Pang, et al.Mater.Lett.2010,64:2226-2229.) under extremely low conducting particles content.But compare with carbon nanotube/conductive polymer composites, the conducing composite material that contains GNS exceedes and oozes higher and specific conductivity lower (J.F.Gao, et al.Mater.Lett.2008,62:3530-3532.).Reunion has mainly occured owing to GONS in this in chemical reduction becomes the process of GNS, limited the formation of GNS conductive network, thus matrix material show relatively poor electric property (J.H.Du, et al.Carbon, 2011,49:1094-1100.).For fear of the reunion of GNS, the people such as Hu utilize two-step approach to prepare isolation structure GNS/UHMWPE matrix material, and namely at first the method by Solution Dispersion makes GONS evenly be coated in the UHMWPE particle surface, then composite particles is added reduce GONS in hydrazine hydrate solution.This kind method can effectively reduce the reunion of GNS in reduction process, and the specific conductivity of prepared conducing composite material just can reach 10 when volume content only is 0.1%
-2S/cm (H.L.Hu, et al.Carbon2012,50:4596-4599.).But this method preparation process is comparatively complicated, and need to use the chemical reducing agent of severe toxicity, as hydrazine hydrate, Resorcinol etc., is not suitable for large-scale industrial production.
Different from the GNS/UHMWPE isolation structure material of routine, the GNS that relates in the present invention is that the high temperature during by UHMWPE hot pressing reduces, and its objective is to avoid as far as possible GONS to occur to reunite and improve its Uniform Dispersion degree in reduction process.As conductive filler material, because GNS has large radius-thickness ratio and large specific surface area, can form more perfect conductive network under very low content, therefore can successfully prepare the GNS/UHMWPE polymer electromagnetic shielding material of low excess effusion value.
At present relevantly lowly exceed the patent of oozing conductive polymer composite and few, and utilize isolation structure to realize that the capability of electromagnetic shielding of material excellence has no report especially.Do not find the patent documentation for preparing the graphene/polymer conducing composite material by original position thermal reduction single stage method yet.
Summary of the invention
In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the objective of the invention is to seek a kind of low preparation method of oozing the graphene/polymer electromagnetic shielding material that exceedes, and it is simple to make it to have preparation process, technique is easy to grasp, need not complicated chemical reduction, production cost is low, easily realizes the characteristics of production in enormous quantities, and the matrix material of producing has lower excess effusion value and good electric property and capability of electromagnetic shielding.
The present invention realizes by following means.
A kind of hanging down exceedes the preparation method of oozing the graphene/polymer electromagnetic shielding material, and the matrix material main raw material consists of as following weight percent:
Ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene(UHMWPE) UHMWPE 94～99.7%
Graphene oxide GONS 0.3～6%
Its preparation process is as follows:
(1) raw material drying: with diameter 200～1000nm, the GONS of thickness 0.9～1.5nm is dry in baking oven, until the moisture weight content is lower than 0.01%;
(2) GONS/UHMWPE composite particles preparation: dried GONS and deionized water in step (1) were made into suspension in 1: 40 in mass ratio～1: 200, and ultrasonic agitation GONS suspension is until Uniform Dispersion; Again the UHMWPE particle is poured in scattered GONS suspension, even by ultrasonic agitation; Then, by the underpressure distillation desolventizing; Last dry in lower than the baking oven of 60 ° of C, until the moisture weight content lower than 0.01%, obtains the GONS/UHMWPE conductive composite particle.
(3) high temperature compression moulding: the at room temperature precompressed of GONS/UHMWPE conductive composite particle that step (2) is prepared, the time is not less than 3 minutes, and pressure is not less than 500MPa; Then hot pressing is more than 30 minutes at 250～280 ° of C with under not higher than the pressure of 0.1MPa, and need nitrogen protection during hot pressing is in order to avoid the ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene(UHMWPE) high-temperature cross-linking; Be cooled to room temperature at last under normal pressure, obtain target product.
The matrix material that adopts the method for the invention to obtain comprises two kinds of component: UHMWPE and GNS.UHMWPE provides main mechanical strength as main body material, and GNS is as conductive phase.The matrix material of this invention preparation compares with the isolation structure electro-conductive material of traditional method preparation the electric conductivity that has lower excess effusion value and Geng Gao, and preparation process is simple, and technique is easy to grasp, and need not complicated chemical reduction, production cost is low, easily realizes producing in enormous quantities.In addition, advantage of the present invention also is embodied in the following aspects:
1) the present invention makes water and spirituous solution disperse GONS, then mixes with the UHMWPE powder, makes GONS evenly be coated in the UHMWPE particle surface.This method does not need the dispersion of GNS in polymeric matrix, and simple to operate, easily implements, and is easy to suitability for industrialized production;
2) GONS is by the thermal reduction of course of processing situ, avoided the use of hypertoxic chemical reducing agent, simplified production technique, can significantly reduce production costs.Therefore, this patent is easily implemented, and does not need high investment;
3) a large amount of phenomenons of reuniting directly in UHMWPE surface heat reduction, can not occur in GONS, and GNS is evenly distributed on the UHMWPE surface, and therefore, matrix material has good electric property under extremely low filler content.
Description of drawings is as follows:
Fig. 1 prepares schematic diagram for being used for GNS/UHMWPE conductive polymer composite sample.
Fig. 2 is atomic force microscope (a) and transmission electron microscope (b) figure of GONS.(GONS is the pure GONS in sample, and GNS is the pure GNS in sample).
Fig. 3 is GONS/UHMWPE composite particles (a) and GNS/UHMWPE matrix material section (b) scanning electron microscope diagram.(UHMWPE is the pure UHMWPE in sample, and GONS is the pure GONS in sample, and GNS is the pure GNS in sample).
Fig. 4 is the opticmicroscope of different filler content GNS/UHMWPE matrix materials, and GONS adds content and is respectively 0.3wt.% (a), 0.5wt.% (b) and 1.0wt.% (c).
Fig. 5 is that the electric property of isolation structure GNS/UHMWPE matrix material exceedes and oozes curve.
Fig. 6 is the capability of electromagnetic shielding curve in 8.2～12.4GHz range of frequency of isolation structure GNS/UHMWPE matrix material.
Embodiment
The below provides specific embodiment so that technical scheme of the present invention is described further; but what deserves to be explained is that following examples can not be interpreted as limiting the scope of the invention; the person skilled in the art in this field does the improvement of some non-intrinsically safes and adjusts still to belong to protection scope of the present invention to the present invention according to the content of the invention described above.
Preparation technology's flow process of the present invention as shown in fig. 1.Wherein, the weight-average molecular weight of UHMWPE is 400～6,000,000, and the diameter of GONS is 200～1000nm, and thickness is 0.9～1.5nm.
Main raw material consists of as following weight percent: UHMWPE99.7%; GONS0.3%.
Processing step adopts:
(1) raw material drying: with the GONS for preparing in the vacuum drying oven of 60 ° of C of constant temperature drying until the moisture weight content lower than 0.01%;
(2) GONS/UHMWPE conducting particles preparation: GONS and deionized water that step (1) is dry are made into GONS suspension in mass ratio at 1: 200, realize Uniform Dispersion in 60 minutes by ultrasonic and mechanical stirring afterwards; The UHMWPE particle is poured in scattered GONS suspension, was made its even mixing in 30 minutes by ultrasonic agitation, then, under 60 ° of C by the underpressure distillation desolventizing; Last dry in lower than the baking oven of 60 ° of C, until the moisture weight content is lower than 0.01%.
(3) high temperature compression moulding: the at room temperature precompressed of GONS/UHMWPE conductive composite particle that step (2) is made 3 minutes, preload pressure 500MPa; Then hot pressing 30 minutes under 280 ° of C and 0.1MPa, nitrogen protection during hot pressing is in order to avoid the ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene(UHMWPE) high-temperature cross-linking; Be cooled to room temperature at last under normal pressure and prepare target product.
The other the same as in Example 1, proportioning raw materials are UHMWPE99.5%; GONS0.5%.In (1) step, 59 ° of C of GONS oven temperature.
When (2) step preparation GONS/UHMWPE composite particles, the mass ratio of GONS and deionized water is 1: 100.
The other the same as in Example 1, proportioning raw materials are UHMWPE99%; GONS1%.In (1) step, 58 ° of C of GONS oven temperature.
When (2) step preparation GONS/UHMWPE composite particles, the mass ratio of GONS and deionized water is 1: 80;
The other the same as in Example 1, proportioning raw materials are UHMWPE98%; GONS2%.In (1) step, 57 ° of C of GONS oven temperature.
When (2) step preparation GONS/UHMWPE composite particles, the mass ratio of GONS and deionized water is 1: 50;
The other the same as in Example 1, proportioning raw materials are UHMWPE97%; GONS3%.In (1) step, 57 ° of C of GONS oven temperature.
When (2) step preparation GONS/UHMWPE composite particles, the mass ratio of GONS and deionized water is 1: 40;
The other the same as in Example 1, proportioning raw materials are UHMWPE94%; GONS6%.In (1) step, 57 ° of C of GONS oven temperature.
When (2) step preparation GONS/UHMWPE composite particles, the mass ratio of GONS and deionized water is 1: 30;
Comparative Examples 1
This example is not added GONS for the contrast sample, and other are with embodiment 1.
In order to estimate feasibility and form and the distribution of GNS conductive network in composite product of the preparation of this conductive polymer composite, the present invention utilize atomic force microscope (Fig. 2 a) and transmission electron microscope (Fig. 2 b) GONS is characterized, finding to adopt improved Hummers method can prepare diameter is 800nm, thickness is the GONS of 1nm, as the low conductive filler material that oozes the high conductivity polymer composite that exceedes of preparation.(Fig. 3 a) observes, and finds that the GONS of silk ribbon shape evenly is coated on the UHMWPE particle surface by scanning electronic microscope.After using scanning electronic microscope (Fig. 3 b) to observe the cross-section morphology of compacting GNS/UHMWPE matrix material, thereby find that the GNS selective distribution forms perfect conductive network between the interface of UHMWPE particle.Adopt opticmicroscope to the form of material conductive network distribute characterize after, GONS adds and just can form comparatively perfect isolation structure conductive network when mass content only is 0.3% as can be seen from Figure 4.The GNS conductive network is relatively intensive when GONS interpolation mass content is increased to 0.5%, and the thickness of material conductive path significantly increases when GONS interpolation mass content is 1.0%.
Electric property: for the electricity percolation of the GNS/UHMWPE isolation structure conductive polymer composite of investigating original position thermal reduction method preparation, adopt Keithley4200SCS resistance instrument (Keithley, the U.S.) matrix material has been carried out electrical testing, test result is seen Fig. 5.The conduction excess effusion value that can find out GNS/UHMWPE isolation structure conducing composite material is 0.3wt.%, and when GONS interpolation mass content was 0.5%, the specific conductivity of material just can reach 1s/m, substantially can satisfy electromagnetic shielding material to the requirement of specific conductivity.
Capability of electromagnetic shielding: for the capability of electromagnetic shielding of the GNS/UHMWPE isolation structure conductive polymer composite of investigating original position thermal reduction method preparation, adopt Agilent vector network analyser (Agilent, the U.S.) capability of electromagnetic shielding of matrix material in 8.2～12.4GHz range of frequency tested, test result is seen Fig. 6.Can find out the increase along with the GONS addition, the capability of electromagnetic shielding of material improves gradually, and when the interpolation mass content of GONS was 1.0%, the capability of electromagnetic shielding of material just can reach 21dB, can reach large multi-field electromagnetic wave shielding requirement.
Use that the GNS/UHMWPE isolation structure conducing composite material of the method for the invention preparation has not only that extremely low exceeding oozed, higher specific conductivity and higher capability of electromagnetic shielding, and need not chemical reduction, simple to operate, easily implement, be easy to the suitability for industrialized production operation.
Claims (2)
1. one kind low exceedes the preparation method of oozing the graphene/polymer electromagnetic shielding material, and the matrix material main raw material consists of as following weight percent:
Ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene(UHMWPE) UHMWPE 94～99.7%
Graphene oxide GONS 0.3～6%
Its preparation method is pressed following step:
(1) raw material drying: with diameter 200～1000nm, the GONS of thickness 0.9～1.5nm is dry in baking oven, until the moisture weight content is lower than 0.01%;
(2) GONS/UHMWPE composite particles preparation: dried GONS and deionized water in step (1) were made into suspension in 1: 40 in mass ratio～1: 200, and ultrasonic agitation GONS suspension is until Uniform Dispersion; Again the UHMWPE particle is poured in scattered GONS suspension, even by ultrasonic agitation; Then by the underpressure distillation desolventizing; At last, drying in lower than the baking oven of 60 ° of C is until the moisture weight content lower than 0.01%, obtains the GONS/UHMWPE conductive composite particle;
(3) high temperature compression moulding: with the at room temperature precompressed of GONS/UHMWPE conductive composite particle of step (2) preparation, the time is not less than 3 minutes, and pressure is not less than 500MPa; Then at 250～280 ° of C with not higher than hot pressing under 0.1MPa more than 30 minutes, need nitrogen protection during hot pressing, in order to avoid the ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene(UHMWPE) high-temperature cross-linking; Be cooled to room temperature at last under normal pressure, obtain target product.
2. ly according to claim 1 low exceed the preparation method of oozing conductive polymer composite, it is characterized in that, raw materials used in, the weight-average molecular weight of UHMWPE is 400～6,000,000; GONS used makes by improving the Hummers method.
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Cited By (12)
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| CN103450537A (en) * | 2013-07-25 | 2013-12-18 | 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 | Preparation method of antistatic ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE)/graphene composite material |
| CN103756087A (en) * | 2013-12-20 | 2014-04-30 | 浙江伟星新型建材股份有限公司 | High-performance graphite oxide reinforced polyethylene composite material and preparation method thereof |
| WO2016005504A1 (en) | 2014-07-09 | 2016-01-14 | Maastricht University | Composite material of uhmwpe and graphene and process for manufacturing thereof |
| CN105647017A (en) * | 2016-04-05 | 2016-06-08 | 四川大学 | Conducting polymer composite with continuous isolation structure and preparation method thereof |
| CN106432873A (en) * | 2016-09-26 | 2017-02-22 | 清华大学深圳研究生院 | Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene compound material and preparation method thereof |
| CN106867076A (en) * | 2017-02-15 | 2017-06-20 | 九江学院 | A kind of mining Graphene enhancing dual anti-tubing preparation method of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene |
| CN108822621A (en) * | 2018-04-13 | 2018-11-16 | 重庆市中光电显示技术有限公司 | Application in low temperature curing type composite conducting ink and preparation method thereof and touch screen |
| CN109206712A (en) * | 2018-08-28 | 2019-01-15 | 合肥卓汇新材料科技有限公司 | A kind of processing method of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene conducing composite material |
| CN109251390A (en) * | 2018-07-20 | 2019-01-22 | 上海化工研究院有限公司 | The preparation method of the wear-resisting lubricating composite of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene multipurpose |
| CN110105761A (en) * | 2019-05-20 | 2019-08-09 | 四川大学 | Graphene/polyphenylene sulfide electromagnetic shielding composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN110128825A (en) * | 2019-05-20 | 2019-08-16 | 四川大学 | Polyphenylene sulfide base electro-magnetic screen composite material and preparation method thereof |
| RU2761336C1 (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2021-12-07 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "ИНЖЕНЕРНЫЕ ПОЛИМЕРЫ" | Technology for producing workpieces from powders of composite materials based on ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene |
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2013
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| CN103450537A (en) * | 2013-07-25 | 2013-12-18 | 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 | Preparation method of antistatic ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE)/graphene composite material |
| CN103756087A (en) * | 2013-12-20 | 2014-04-30 | 浙江伟星新型建材股份有限公司 | High-performance graphite oxide reinforced polyethylene composite material and preparation method thereof |
| WO2016005504A1 (en) | 2014-07-09 | 2016-01-14 | Maastricht University | Composite material of uhmwpe and graphene and process for manufacturing thereof |
| CN105647017A (en) * | 2016-04-05 | 2016-06-08 | 四川大学 | Conducting polymer composite with continuous isolation structure and preparation method thereof |
| CN106432873B (en) * | 2016-09-26 | 2018-10-16 | 清华大学深圳研究生院 | Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN106432873A (en) * | 2016-09-26 | 2017-02-22 | 清华大学深圳研究生院 | Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene compound material and preparation method thereof |
| CN106867076A (en) * | 2017-02-15 | 2017-06-20 | 九江学院 | A kind of mining Graphene enhancing dual anti-tubing preparation method of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene |
| CN106867076B (en) * | 2017-02-15 | 2020-12-01 | 九江学院 | Preparation method of mining graphene reinforced ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene double-resistant pipe |
| CN108822621A (en) * | 2018-04-13 | 2018-11-16 | 重庆市中光电显示技术有限公司 | Application in low temperature curing type composite conducting ink and preparation method thereof and touch screen |
| CN109251390A (en) * | 2018-07-20 | 2019-01-22 | 上海化工研究院有限公司 | The preparation method of the wear-resisting lubricating composite of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene multipurpose |
| CN109206712A (en) * | 2018-08-28 | 2019-01-15 | 合肥卓汇新材料科技有限公司 | A kind of processing method of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene conducing composite material |
| CN110105761A (en) * | 2019-05-20 | 2019-08-09 | 四川大学 | Graphene/polyphenylene sulfide electromagnetic shielding composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN110128825A (en) * | 2019-05-20 | 2019-08-16 | 四川大学 | Polyphenylene sulfide base electro-magnetic screen composite material and preparation method thereof |
| RU2761336C1 (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2021-12-07 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "ИНЖЕНЕРНЫЕ ПОЛИМЕРЫ" | Technology for producing workpieces from powders of composite materials based on ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene |
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Application publication date: 20130508 |