CN103084735A - Stainless steel thin-wall pore-free laser welding method - Google Patents
Stainless steel thin-wall pore-free laser welding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103084735A CN103084735A CN2012104746271A CN201210474627A CN103084735A CN 103084735 A CN103084735 A CN 103084735A CN 2012104746271 A CN2012104746271 A CN 2012104746271A CN 201210474627 A CN201210474627 A CN 201210474627A CN 103084735 A CN103084735 A CN 103084735A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a stainless steel thin-wall pore-free laser welding method. The method is characterized in that the stainless steel wall thickness delta is more than or equal to 0.5 mm and less than or equal to 3mm; the welding process parameters are that the pulse width is 1 to 3ms, the frequency is 40 to 50 Hz, the single-point energy is 5 to 7J, the power is 2.5 to 3.5kW, and the speed is 5 to 12mm/s; a groove is V-shaped or slot-shaped; and the groove angle theta is 15 to 20 degrees, or the slot width alpha of the groove is 0.1 to 0.2mm, and the depth h is 0.5 to 2mm. By the method, filling material-free self-fluxing laser welding can be realized, a through pore can be avoided in a welding line, and a welding process is high in efficiency; and the laser welding method can adapt to large-scale production, and can be used in small-scale production.
Description
Technical field
What the present invention relates to is the stainless steel laser welding method, particularly stainless steel thin-wall pore-free method for laser welding.
Background technology
Laser Welding is to utilize laser beam, forms high temperature in the metal surface, makes the metal surface melting, to realize the welding effect.Industries such as extensive use and automobile, electronics at present, be characterized in being applicable to little welding zone,
Thin-walledThe part welding.
Laser weldCompare with traditional welding methods such as electric welding, the face of weld quality is high, and the heat affected area is little, and welding residual stress is low.
But some problems have also been found in application; when acting on the metal surface due to pulse laser beam; it is an energy cycle change procedure; protective gas and air around weld seam; flow velocity is accelerated under the pulse energy effect, easily enters melting zone, particularly stainless steel material; its founding is relatively poor, is easy to become pore the molten bath expert.
In the welding of general structure spare, the pore in butt welded seam requires not strict, even the connectivity pore also allows to exist.But in oil, chemical equipment industry, the situation that has medium-tight to require, the connectivity pore does not allow to exist.
Shown in accompanying drawing 1, be square groove, without the laser of packing material from fusion welding, the postwelding weld metal zone
CutThe face feature as shown in Figure 2.This laser can satisfy from fusion welding the welding requirements that general structure spare connects; but be prone to the connectivity pore in weld seam; its reason is that the molten bath of Laser Welding is superficial; and the effect of protective gas and the pulse of air Stimulated Light; can be stirred and be occured rapid flow; constantly enter the molten bath and form bubble; more shallow molten bath is little to the buoyancy of bubble; temperature descends fast, and crystallization is also very fast, when bubble not yet breaks away from the molten bath; the molten bath is crystallization; bubble will become gas pore in weld metal, during greater than pool depth, forms the connectivity pore when hole diameter.Specifically during wall thickness＜0.5mm, can be too little because of the molten bath, make crystallization very fast, during wall thickness＞3mm, can also make crystallization very fast because of rapid heat dissipation, the probability that pore occurs all can strengthen.
For the stainless steel part of welding wall thickness 3mm 〉=δ 〉=0.5mm, with 304 stainless steel materials, length is that the weld seam of 100mm is example, and welding parameter and the state of the laser welder that is suitable for see attached list 1.
ItsThe shared percentage of weld seam number that occurs the connectivity pore in total weld seam number is 80～90%, and the incidence of visible pore is very high.Both make the adjustment welding parameter, also there is no significant change.Welding parameter is to set for certain welding wall thickness dimension, and for certain welding wall thickness dimension, welding parameter is corresponding with it, is adjusted to rational state, otherwise the molten bath is difficult to formation, can not normally weld.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of forThe stainless steel part of welding wall thickness 3mm 〉=δ 〉=0.5mm, in weld seam without packing material, weld seam without the connectivity pore
The stainless steel material method for laser welding.
Method for laser welding of the present invention:
For stainless steel material, wall thickness is at 3mm 〉=δ 〉=0.5mm, in weld seam without packing material;
Welding condition: pulsewidth 1～3ms, frequency 40～50Hz, single-point energy 5～7J, power 2.5～3.5kW, speed 5～12mm/s;
Groove is offered: no matter groove type is cylindrical butt girth welding seam or plane butt weld, groove design be respectively as shown in Figure 3 V-arrangement or shown in Figure 5 between two kinds of shapes of flute profile;
Well width a=0.1～0.2mm between bevel angle θ=15 ° ~ 20 ° or groove, degree of depth h=0.5～2mm; During wall thickness≤1mm, the degree of depth can equate substantially with wall thickness.
According to groove processing complexity, cylindrical butt girth welding seam main separation V-shaped welding groove, optional parallel the flute profile groove of plane butt weld.Its appearance of weld feature is seen Fig. 4, Fig. 6.
Welding condition is relevant with the welding wall thickness dimension, and correspondence is welded wall thickness dimension from small to large, and except speed of welding, welding condition choosing value is also from small to large corresponding, and concrete welding condition is selected to see attached list 2,3.If institute's welding condition value of getting the poor problem of penetration can occur less than this scope lower limit, weld seam can be jagged, causes not welding; If institute's welding condition value of getting the problem of excessive penetration can occur greater than this range limit, the weld weldering can be leaked.Speed of welding is opposite with other parameter, and correspondence is welded wall thickness dimension from small to large, and speed of welding from fast to slow.Reason is larger wall thickness dimension, and required welding energy is bigger than normal, and speed can increase the energy on unit length slowly.
Between bevel angle or groove well width offer relevant to the degree of depth, when groove depth is shallow between required bevel angle or groove well width relatively large, after utilizing the weldment melt surface, metal flow characteristics under gravity and high temperature gas flow effect, make continuous fusion-cast in groove, form the molten bath of narrow slit feature, the pool depth of its formation is darker than the molten bath of square groove welding, crystallization rate is relatively slow, bubble in the molten bath is under buoyancy, can be distributed in the zone that approaches the surface, and break away from the molten bath before weld seam crystallization, the unlikely connectivity pore that becomes.
Wall thickness is at 3mm 〉=δ 〉=0.5mm, well width a=0.1～0.2mm between bevel angle θ=15 ° ~ 20 ° or groove, formed gap and the degree of depth and metal flow state are complementary, between bevel angle, groove, well width is either large or small all can make the welding quality variation, bevel angle is large, groove width between groove, the molten bath is broadened shoal, the fast and bubble of crystallization enters many, is prone to pore.Bevel angle is little, groove is narrow between groove, makes the molten bath be surperficial shallow-layer feature, and is namely approximate with square groove, also is prone to pore.Butt welding characteristics in plane are identical with the outer toroid weld seam.
The relatively worse stainless steel of some meltbilities, what the connectivity pore appearred in weld seam may be larger, under above-mentioned process conditions, for this type of stainless steel, can utilize Laser Welding, the characteristics that the heat affected area is little are in the method welding of the welding of groove arranged on left and right sides multipass successively, the molten bath that the groove both sides form superposes mutually, and its appearance of weld feature is seen Fig. 7.Can fully satisfy and be welded to connect intensity and without the quality requirement of connectivity pore.
The present invention realizes the stainless steel wall thickness at 3mm 〉=δ 〉=0.5mm, and little fusion penetration is without the certainly molten laser weld of packing material, in weld seam, without the connectivity pore, the processing of groove is more convenient, and good manufacturability is arranged, welding procedure efficient is higher, can adapt to production in enormous quantities, also can use in small lot batch manufacture.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the prior art square groove, without the laser of packing material from the fusion welding schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is that the postwelding welded seam area is surperficial shallow-layer status flag schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is V-butt schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is that V-butt postwelding welded seam area is surperficial depth feature schematic diagram.
Fig. 5 is flute profile groove schematic diagram between the present invention.
Fig. 6 is that after a flute profile groove welding, welded seam area is surperficial depth feature schematic diagram.
Fig. 7 is that the groove arranged on left and right sides is welded molten bath stack schematic diagram successively.
The specific embodiment
Stainless steel thin-wall pore-free method for laser welding;
1,
Stainless steelWall thickness 3mm 〉=δ 〉=0.5mm, in weld seam without packing material;
2, welding condition: pulsewidth 1～3ms, frequency 40～50Hz, single-point energy 5～7J, power 2.5～3.5kW,
Speed 5～12mm/s
3, groove is offered: outer toroid butt weld or plane butt weld, groove are offered and are the V-arrangement shown in accompanying drawing 3, or groove is offered and is flute profile between shown in Figure 4;
Well width a=0.1～0.2mm between bevel angle θ=15 ° ~ 20 ° or groove, degree of depth h=0.5～2mm.
Specific embodiment sees attached list 2,3.
Subordinate list 1
Subordinate list 2
Subordinate list 3
Claims (3)
1. stainless steel thin-wall pore-free method for laser welding, is characterized in that;
1), stainless steel wall thickness 3mm 〉=δ 〉=0.5mm, in weld seam without packing material;
2), welding condition: pulsewidth 1～3ms, frequency 40～50Hz, single-point energy 5～7J, power 2.5～3.5kW,
Speed 5～12mm/s
3), groove offers: groove is offered and is V-arrangement, or groove is offered and is a flute profile;
Well width a=0.1～0.2mm between bevel angle θ=15 ° ~ 20 ° or groove, degree of depth h=0.5～2mm.
2. stainless steel thin-wall pore-free method for laser welding according to claim 1, is characterized in that the welding condition selection is as follows;
3. stainless steel thin-wall pore-free method for laser welding according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that in the welding of groove arranged on left and right sides multipass successively, and the molten bath of groove both sides formation superposes mutually.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103801832A (en) * | 2014-02-27 | 2014-05-21 | 湖北中航精机科技有限公司 | Laser welding method for welding vehicle seat T-type connector and vehicle seat |
| PL424459A1 (en) * | 2018-02-01 | 2019-08-12 | Przedsiębiorstwo Usług Technicznych Firmus Spółka Z Ograniczoną Odpowiedzialnością | Method for laser welding of the heat exchangers butt and fillet welds |
| CN114192983A (en) * | 2021-12-27 | 2022-03-18 | 武汉锐科光纤激光技术股份有限公司 | Laser self-fluxing welding method |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5760365A (en) * | 1995-11-06 | 1998-06-02 | The Regents Of The University Of Calif. | Narrow gap laser welding |
| JPH1177363A (en) * | 1997-07-04 | 1999-03-23 | Topy Ind Ltd | Method for inspecting fillet weld part, and device used therefor |
| DE10247500A1 (en) * | 2002-10-11 | 2004-04-22 | Erhard & Söhne GmbH | Automotive fuel tank, especially for commercial vehicles, is made from accurately sized components that are joined by laser welding |
| CN1968782A (en) * | 2004-06-16 | 2007-05-23 | Ls电线有限公司 | Continuous butt welding method using plasma and laser, and method for fabricating metal tube using the same |
| CN102000914A (en) * | 2010-12-17 | 2011-04-06 | 何建 | Welding process of stainless steel |
-
2012
- 2012-11-21 CN CN2012104746271A patent/CN103084735A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5760365A (en) * | 1995-11-06 | 1998-06-02 | The Regents Of The University Of Calif. | Narrow gap laser welding |
| JPH1177363A (en) * | 1997-07-04 | 1999-03-23 | Topy Ind Ltd | Method for inspecting fillet weld part, and device used therefor |
| DE10247500A1 (en) * | 2002-10-11 | 2004-04-22 | Erhard & Söhne GmbH | Automotive fuel tank, especially for commercial vehicles, is made from accurately sized components that are joined by laser welding |
| CN1968782A (en) * | 2004-06-16 | 2007-05-23 | Ls电线有限公司 | Continuous butt welding method using plasma and laser, and method for fabricating metal tube using the same |
| CN102000914A (en) * | 2010-12-17 | 2011-04-06 | 何建 | Welding process of stainless steel |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103801832A (en) * | 2014-02-27 | 2014-05-21 | 湖北中航精机科技有限公司 | Laser welding method for welding vehicle seat T-type connector and vehicle seat |
| PL424459A1 (en) * | 2018-02-01 | 2019-08-12 | Przedsiębiorstwo Usług Technicznych Firmus Spółka Z Ograniczoną Odpowiedzialnością | Method for laser welding of the heat exchangers butt and fillet welds |
| CN114192983A (en) * | 2021-12-27 | 2022-03-18 | 武汉锐科光纤激光技术股份有限公司 | Laser self-fluxing welding method |
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Application publication date: 20130508 |