CN103084662A - Full cylinder riding rail type pneumatic saw - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a full-cylinder rail-riding pneumatic saw, which includes a moving cutting mechanism and a pneumatic clamping mechanism arranged under the moving cutting mechanism for clamping metal materials; the moving cutting mechanism includes a reciprocating cylinder and a lifting cylinder; The reciprocating cylinder is fixed on the saw beam, and the piston rod of the reciprocating cylinder is connected with the knife holder to control the reciprocating movement of the knife holder on the guide rail of the saw beam. A cutting saw blade is installed at the bottom of the knife holder; It is hingedly connected, and the lifting cylinder realizes the up and down lifting of the saw beam; the lifting cylinder and the reciprocating cylinder cooperate with each other to complete the process of "downwards-sawing forwards-uplifting-backwards and retreating the knife"; The pneumatic clamping mechanism includes a clamping cylinder fixed on the base. The base adopts a rail-riding design and can be fixed on the track; the clamping cylinder controls the movement of the slider along the clamp base Slide towards the center to clamp the workpiece. The sawing machine is simple in operation, low in noise, stable in performance, high in cutting efficiency, safe and reliable, and has very extensive use value.

Description

Full cylinder rail riding pneumatic saw

technical field

The present invention relates to the technical field of metal processing machinery, in particular to a rail-riding full-cylinder pneumatic saw and its pneumatic system. the

Background technique

In recent years, with the continuous development of the coal mine industry, safety and efficiency have become the primary factors in the mining industry. It is reported that metal materials such as loaders and scraper conveyor chains in coal mines are prone to cracks due to high loads, and they need to be replaced as soon as possible due to production safety. ``

At present, domestic mines generally use manual manual sawing, which is time-consuming and laborious. At present, electric saws on the market mainly include circular sawing machines and bow sawing machines. Although circular sawing machines have high cutting efficiency, their circular saw blades wear a lot and have a short service life. The saw blades need to be replaced frequently, and the reliability is poor; , due to the use of hydraulic system control, the machining accuracy of parts such as control valves is very high, and most of the bow sawing machines use crank linkage mechanisms. complex. Although the existing pneumatic reciprocating saws with gas as the power source have a simple structure and rely on the cylinder to directly drive the reciprocating cutting, they cannot realize the automatic feeding of the knife and saw, and all rely on manual pressure. Cutting efficiency is low.

Contents of the invention

Aiming at the above shortcomings, the present invention provides a full-cylinder rail-riding pneumatic saw with simple structure, light weight, low noise, low vibration, easy fixing, low power loss, high cutting efficiency, safety and reliability, and can be widely used. the

In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

A full-cylinder rail-riding pneumatic saw, including a moving cutting mechanism, a pneumatic system, and a pneumatic clamping mechanism arranged under the moving cutting mechanism, the moving cutting mechanism includes a reciprocating cylinder and a lifting cylinder; the reciprocating cylinder is fixed on the saw beam On the top, the piston rod of the reciprocating cylinder is connected with the knife rest, and the knife rest is slidably set on the guide rail of the saw beam, and the cutting saw blade is installed at the bottom of the knife rest; The mechanism includes a clamping cylinder fixed on the base, and a moving slider is installed on the base; the clamping cylinder and the moving slider are engaged and driven by gears and racks to control the moving slider along the direction of the clamp base. Middle slide.

The pneumatic system includes an air source, which can be respectively connected to the cylinder clamping circuit, the cylinder reciprocating circuit and the lifting circuit through the pressure reducing valve 19 and the air source switch 25, and the air source switch 25 and the clamping cylinder 8 constitute A pressure reducing valve 20 and a clamping switch 15 are connected to the clamping circuit of the clamping circuit, which can control the clamping of the workpiece; on the circuit formed by the three-position four-way valve 24 and the lifting cylinder 4, there are quick-rising two-position three-way valves 22 and The quick exhaust valve 26 can control the knife and saw to descend to the workpiece; on the working circuit formed by the three-position four-way valve 24, the reciprocating cylinder 2 and the lifting cylinder 4, the compressed gas is branched into two circuits after passing through the air control reversing valve 21, One circuit is composed of air control reversing valve 21 and lifting cylinder 4, and is connected with pressure reducing valve 18 and quick exhaust valve 26 at the same time, which is used to control the downward sawing of the knife and saw, and the other circuit is composed of air control reversing valve 21 and reciprocating The rodless cavity of the cylinder 2 is formed, and is connected with a pressure reducing valve 17 and a quick exhaust valve 16 at the same time, which are used to control the reciprocating sawing of the knife saw; There is a pneumatic time-delay valve 14. When the reciprocating cylinder 2 has no rod chamber intake air, the gas in the rod chamber enters the accumulator in the pneumatic time-delay valve 14, and the one-way throttle valve in the pneumatic time-delay valve 14 is adjusted to make the reciprocating cylinder When the piston rod of 2 reaches the front end, the pressure of the accumulator is higher than the spring pressure and pushes the spool of the three-position four-way valve in the pneumatic delay valve 14 to move down, and the pneumatic delay valve 14 is in the upper working position, so that the air The reversing valve 21 is automatically switched at the right time, and the lower chamber of the lifting cylinder 4 takes in air at the right time. Matching; the pneumatic delay valve 14 is composed of a one-way throttle valve, an accumulator, and a three-position four-way valve.

The air source switch can start and close the pneumatic system; the clamping switch can control the clamping cylinder to clamp and loosen the workpiece; the quick-rising two-position three-way valve can control the rapid lifting and extension of the lifting cylinder; the three-position four-way valve can control the system in the Switch between the working circuit and the quick-falling circuit; the air-operated reversing valve can control the intake and exhaust of two single-acting cylinders; the pneumatic delay valve can control the air-operated reversing valve to switch between the left and right gears; the one-way joint The flow valve can control the speed of the intake and exhaust of the cylinder. When the air control reversing valve is in the right position, the reciprocating cylinder controls the saw blade to cut forward, and the lifting cylinder controls the saw blade to feed downward.

The piston rod of the reciprocating air cylinder of the present invention is connected with the knife rest to control the reciprocating movement of the knife rest on the guide rail of the saw beam, and the cutting saw blade is installed at the bottom of the knife rest; The sawing beam is lifted up and down; the lifting cylinder and the reciprocating cylinder cooperate with each other to complete the process of "downward - sawing forward - upward lifting - backward sharply retracting the knife" of the knife holder; the pneumatic clamping mechanism includes a fixed Clamping cylinder on the base, the base adopts rail-riding design, can be fixed on the track, so vibration can be reduced; the clamping cylinder moves the slider along the clamp base to the middle through gear and rack meshing transmission control Slide, thereby clamping the workpiece.

Owing to adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the beneficial effect of the present invention is:

The invention has the advantages of simple structure, light weight, stable performance, small power loss, high cutting efficiency, safety and reliability, and the rail-riding structure design can reduce the size of the whole machine, make the sawing machine easier to fix, and reduce vibration. Therefore, the noise of the whole machine is small; compared with the traditional electric bow saw machine, it adopts complete pneumatic, and there is no crank connecting rod mechanism, so the structure is simple; compared with the existing reciprocating pneumatic saw, it increases the The matched up and down feeding and lifting motion reduces the wear of the tool, and can realize the motion track with zero error, which ensures the working reliability to the greatest extent.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

Figure 2 is a schematic side view of the structure of the present invention.

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the pneumatic clamping mechanism of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structural movement of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a pneumatic principle diagram of the present invention.

Symbols in the figure: 1 base, 2 reciprocating cylinder, 3 saw beam, 4 lifting cylinder, 5 connecting rod, 6 saw blade, 7 fixture base, 8 clamping cylinder, 9 moving slider, 10 knife rest, 11 rack, 12 Shaft, 13 gear; 14 pneumatic delay valve, 16, 26 quick exhaust valve, 17, 18, 19, 20 pressure reducing valve, 21 air control reversing valve, 22 quick-rising two-position three-way valve, 23 one-way valve , 24 three-position four-way valve, 25 air source switch, 15 clamping switch.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawings and examples.

Example 1

Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, a full-cylinder rail-riding pneumatic saw and its pneumatic system provided by the present invention include a moving cutting mechanism, a pneumatic control system and a pneumatic saw for clamping metal materials arranged under the cutting mechanism. Clamping mechanism; the moving cutting mechanism includes a reciprocating cylinder 2 and a lifting cylinder 4; the reciprocating cylinder 2 is fixed on the sawing beam 3, the piston rod of the reciprocating cylinder 2 is connected with the knife rest 10, and the control knife rest 10 is placed on the sawing beam 3 The saw blade 6 is installed at the bottom of the knife rest 10; the lifting cylinder 4 is fixed on the base 1, and is hingedly connected with the saw beam 3 through a connecting rod, and the lifting cylinder 4 realizes the up and down lifting of the saw beam 3; The lifting cylinder 4 and the reciprocating cylinder 2 cooperate with each other to complete the process of "downwards-sawing forwards-uplifting-backwards sharply retracting the knife" of the saw blade 6;

Referring to Fig. 4, the pneumatic system includes an air source, which can be respectively connected to the cylinder clamping circuit, the cylinder reciprocating circuit and the lifting circuit after passing through the pressure reducing valve 19 and the air source switch 25. The clamping circuit formed by the clamping cylinder 8 is connected with a pressure reducing valve 20 and a clamping switch 15, which can control the clamping of the workpiece; The through valve 22 and the quick exhaust valve 26 can control the saw to descend to the workpiece; on the working circuit formed by the three-position four-way valve 24, the reciprocating cylinder 2 and the lifting cylinder 4, the compressed gas is branched out after passing through the air control reversing valve 21. Two circuits, one circuit is composed of air-controlled reversing valve 21 and lifting cylinder 4, and is connected with pressure reducing valve 18 and quick exhaust valve 26 to control the downward sawing of the knife and saw, and the other circuit is composed of air-controlled reversing valve The valve 21 is formed with the rodless chamber of the reciprocating cylinder 2, and is connected with the pressure reducing valve 17 and the quick exhaust valve 16 at the same time, which are used to control the reciprocating sawing of the knife saw; A pneumatic time-delay valve 14 is connected on the circuit of the reciprocating cylinder 2. When the rodless chamber of the reciprocating cylinder 2 enters the air, the gas in the rod chamber enters the accumulator in the pneumatic time-delay valve 14, and the one-way throttle valve in the pneumatic time-delay valve 14 is adjusted. , when the piston rod of the reciprocating cylinder 2 reaches the front end, the pressure of the accumulator is higher than the spring pressure and pushes the spool of the three-position four-way valve in the pneumatic delay valve 14 to move down, and the pneumatic delay valve 14 is in the upper working position , so that the air control reversing valve 21 is automatically switched in time, the lower cavity of the lifting cylinder 4 is in a timely manner, and the piston rod rises or falls under the action of spring force and air pressure, so that the reciprocating cutting motion of the cutting saw blade and the advancing and moving of the cutting saw blade The movement of lifting the knife is matched; the pneumatic delay valve 14 is composed of a one-way throttle valve, an accumulator, and a three-position four-way valve.

The pneumatic clamping mechanism includes a clamping cylinder 8, a rack 11, a shaft 12, and a gear 13. The clamping cylinder 8 is fixed on the base 1, and the base 1 adopts a rail-riding design and can be fixed on the track above, to reduce vibration; the gear 13 is fixed on the bottom of the shaft 12, and the gear 13 is externally meshed with the racks 11 placed in parallel on both sides; The rack 11 is hinged with the piston rod of the clamping cylinder 8, the piston rod pushes the rack 11 to slide, and the motion is transmitted to the opposite rack through the gear rack 11 and the gear 13, and the rack 11 drives the two sides to move Slider 9 slides to the middle along the clamp base at the same time, thereby clamping the workpiece.

In actual use, the workpiece is placed in the pneumatic clamping mechanism, and the clamping cylinder 8 has air intake from the rod chamber and air outlet from the rodless chamber to clamp the workpiece;

Control the air intake in the rod cavity of the lifting cylinder 4, so that the saw blade can quickly drop to the workpiece position;

When performing actual cutting work, control the air intake of the rodless cavity of the reciprocating cylinder 2; at the same time, the air intake of the lifting cylinder 4 has a rod cavity; realize the downward movement of the saw blade while sawing forward;

When completing a cut-off, control the reciprocating cylinder 2 to have the rodless chamber to vent the air, and the lifting cylinder 4 to have the rod chamber to vent the gas. The saw blade is returned to its original position by the piston rod.

When the cutting is finished, control the lifting cylinder 4 to have the rod cavity to discharge air, so that the saw blade can be lifted quickly, and the clamping cylinder 8 has the rod cavity to inhale the air simultaneously, so that the workpiece is released.

Example 2

Referring to Fig. 5 , the present invention provides a full-cylinder rail-riding pneumatic saw. When the three-position four-way valve 24 is switched to the left position, the pressure at the left end of the air control reversing valve 21 is higher than the pressure at the right end due to gas input. , push the spool to move to the left, the air control reversing valve 21 is in the right position, the gas is divided into two branches after passing through the air control reversing valve 21, one branch passes through the pressure reducing valve 17, one-way throttle valve and quick exhaust The gas valve 16 enters the reciprocating cylinder 2 to realize the forward sawing of the saw blade; at the same time, another gas passes through the pressure reducing valve 18, the one-way throttle valve and the quick exhaust valve 26 and enters the upper chamber of the lifting cylinder 4 to control the downward movement of the saw beam. To realize the forward sawing of the saw blade while the saw blade feeds downward. When the rodless chamber of the reciprocating cylinder 2 takes in air, the gas in the rod chamber enters the accumulator in the pneumatic delay valve 14, and the one-way throttle valve in the pneumatic delay valve 14 is adjusted so that the piston rod of the reciprocating cylinder 2 reaches the front end , the pressure of the accumulator is higher than the spring pressure and pushes the spool of the three-position four-way valve in the pneumatic time-delay valve 14 to move down, and the pneumatic time-delay valve 14 is in the upper working position, so that the air-controlled reversing valve 21 automatically Switching, the lower chamber of the lifting cylinder 4 turns on and off the gas at the right time, and the piston rod rises or falls under the action of the spring force and the air pressure, so that the reciprocating cutting motion of the cutting saw blade matches the cutting and lifting motion of the cutting saw blade; the pneumatic time delay Valve 14 is made of one-way throttle valve, accumulator, and three-position four-way valve.

During actual use, install the workpiece, turn on the air source switch 25, first switch the three-position four-way valve 24 to the left position, and control the clamping cylinder 8 with the rodless chamber to enter the air, and the rod chamber to output air, and the workpiece can be clamped. Adjust the one-way throttle valve to control the speed of movement of the cylinder 8 for clamping. Then switch the three-position four-way valve 24 to the right position, and the gas passes through the one-way valve 23, the fast-rising two-position three-way valve 22 and the air inlet of the fast exhaust valve 26 to control the lifting cylinder 4, so that the saw blade quickly drops to the workpiece position, Switch the three-position four-way valve 24 to the left position, and the left end of the air control reversing valve 21 is in the right position, so that the pressure at the left end is higher than the pressure at the right end, pushing the valve core to move left, and the air control reversing valve 21 is in the right position, and the gas After passing through the air-controlled reversing valve 21, it is divided into two branches. One branch enters the reciprocating cylinder 2 to control the saw blade to cut forward, and the gas in the upper chamber enters the air chamber of the pneumatic delay valve 14, while the other enters the air chamber. The upper chamber of the lifting cylinder 4 realizes the forward sawing of the saw blade and the downward movement of the saw blade.

When the pressure of the air chamber in the pneumatic time-delay valve 14 is higher than the elastic force of the spring, push the spool to move to the left, the pneumatic time-delay valve 14 switches to the right position, the gas passes through the pneumatic time-delay valve 14 to the left end of the air control reversing valve 21, and the gas The pressure at the left end of the control reversing valve 21 is higher than the pressure at the right end, the spool of the air control reversing valve 21 moves to the right, and the air control reversing valve 21 switches to the left position. At this time, the rodless cavity of the reciprocating cylinder 2 passes through the quick exhaust valve 16 exhaust ports are exhausted, and the lift cylinder 4 has a rod cavity to exhaust through the quick exhaust valve 26 exhaust ports.

When the sawing is finished, the three-position four-way valve 24 is cut to the middle position, and then the fast-falling two-position three-way valve 22 is cut to the right position, and the lifting cylinder 4 is controlled to lift and stretch the saw blade quickly. Then the clamping switch 15 is cut to the right position, and the air cylinder 8 lower cavity is controlled to be clamped, so that the clamping device releases the workpiece.

Claims (2)

1. A full-cylinder rail-riding pneumatic saw, comprising a moving cutting mechanism, a pneumatic system and a pneumatic clamping mechanism arranged below the moving cutting mechanism, characterized in that: the moving cutting mechanism includes a reciprocating cylinder and a lifting cylinder; The reciprocating cylinder is fixed on the saw beam, the piston rod of the reciprocating cylinder is connected with the knife holder, the knife holder is slidably set on the guide rail of the saw beam, and the cutting saw blade is installed at the bottom of the knife holder; the lifting cylinder and the saw beam are hingedly connected through a connecting rod , the pneumatic clamping mechanism includes a clamping cylinder fixed on the base, and a moving slider is installed on the base; the clamping cylinder and the moving slider are engaged and driven by gears and racks to control the movement The slider slides towards the middle along the base of the fixture. 2. A full-cylinder rail-riding pneumatic saw according to claim 1, characterized in that: the pneumatic system includes an air source, and the air source passes through a pressure reducing valve (19), an air source switch (25) Afterwards, the cylinder clamping circuit, the cylinder reciprocating circuit and the lifting circuit can be connected respectively, and the pressure reducing valve (20) is connected to the clamping circuit formed by the air source switch (25) and the clamping cylinder (8), and the clamping switch (15 ), which can control the clamping of the workpiece; on the circuit formed by the three-position four-way valve (24) and the lifting cylinder (4), a fast-rising two-position three-way valve (22) and a quick exhaust valve (26) are connected, which can Control the knife and saw to descend to the workpiece; on the working circuit composed of the three-position four-way valve (24), the reciprocating cylinder (2) and the lifting cylinder (4), the compressed gas is branched into two circuits after passing through the air-controlled reversing valve (21) , one circuit is composed of air-controlled reversing valve (21) and lifting cylinder (4), and is connected with a pressure reducing valve (18) and a quick exhaust valve (26) at the same time, which is used to control the downward sawing of the knife saw, and the other circuit It is composed of the air-controlled reversing valve (21) and the rodless chamber of the reciprocating cylinder (2), and is connected with a pressure reducing valve (17) and a quick exhaust valve (16) to control the reciprocating sawing of the knife saw; A pneumatic delay valve (14) is connected to the loop formed by the control reversing valve (21) and the rod cavity of the reciprocating cylinder (2). The accumulator in the timing valve (14), adjust the one-way throttle valve in the pneumatic delay valve (14), so that when the piston rod of the reciprocating cylinder (2) reaches the front end, the pressure of the accumulator is higher than the spring pressure and Push the spool of the three-position four-way valve in the pneumatic time-delay valve (14) to move down, and the pneumatic time-delay valve (14) is in the upper working position, so that the air-controlled reversing valve (21) can be automatically switched in time, and the lifting cylinder (4 ) The lower cavity is filled with air in a timely manner, and the piston rod rises or falls under the action of spring force and air pressure, so that the reciprocating cutting motion of the cutting saw blade is matched with the cutting and lifting motion of the cutting saw blade; the pneumatic delay valve (14) It consists of a one-way throttle valve, an accumulator, and a three-position four-way valve.

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