CN103074780A - Preparation method of thin ultrafine composite fiber artificial leather base cloth - Google Patents
Preparation method of thin ultrafine composite fiber artificial leather base cloth Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of thin ultrafine composite fiber artificial leather base cloth. The method comprises the following steps that (1), unfigured sea-island staple fibers are carded, lapped, then superimposed with unfigured orange-section composite filament woven mesh cloth, and subjected to needle punching to form composite needle-punched non-woven fabric of which the surface is covered with the woven mesh cloth; the composite needle-punched non-woven fabric is impregnated in a DMF (dimethyl formamide) solution of polyurethane; (2), solidifying and foaming treatment are conducted in a solidified DMF aqueous solution; (3), water washing is conducted; (4), LDPE (low-density polyethylene) in the composite needle-punched non-woven fabric is dissolved out with methylbenzene; (5), drying and shape forming are conducted; and (6) splitting is conducted; two layers of ultrafine fiber artificial leather base cloth are obtained; one layer is the thin ultrafine composite fiber artificial leather base cloth containing the unfigured orange-section composite filament mesh cloth; and the other layer is the conventional ultrafine fiber artificial leather base cloth. The obtained thin ultrafine composite fiber artificial leather base cloth has very good tensile strength and tearing strength due to the fact that the base cloth contains continuous orange-section fibers.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the artificial leather manufacturing technology, relate to a kind of manufacture method of artificial leather base cloth, a kind of preparation method of slim composite superfine fiber artificial leather base fabric.
Background technology
Superfine fiber artificial leather base fabric is at the DMF(of polyurethane dimethyl formamide with the fabric of island-in-sea type staple fiber nonwoven fabric) flood in the solution, then in the aqueous solution of solidification liquid DMF, soak, solidify and the processing of foaming, again with inorganic or organic solvent dissolve in the fabric of island-in-sea type staple fibre " sea " part and make.Used fabric of island-in-sea type staple fibre production method has two kinds of the island of deciding method and indefinite island methods.Deciding the island method, to produce the fabric of island-in-sea type staple fibre be by two kinds of polymer P A6(nylon 6) and the COPET(alkali soluble polyester chip) by the respectively melting of twin-screw composite spinning machine, enter the fabric of island-in-sea type filament spinning component, island phase and marine facies converge ejection by path separately in the exit of spinneret orifice respectively, form the figured islands-in-sea fiber, its island phase and marine facies are continuous, equally distributed at the length direction of fiber, the island number is fixed, generally more than 37 islands.Indefinite island method is produced the fabric of island-in-sea type staple fibre, slices of caprone PA6 commonly used and LDPE(low density polyethylene (LDPE)) under uniform temperature and condition, mix, through same screw extruder melting, blend, again through measuring pump, filament spinning component ejection, form the superfine fibre on indefinite island, its island is mutually discontinuous, and is unfixing.The formed nonwoven fabric of islands-in-sea type fibre adopts needling process, the superfine fiber artificial leather base fabric that the nonwoven fabric that forms like this forms through techniques such as pressing, impregnation, washing, extraction, washing oven dry again, and thickness is generally at 1.0mm～2.5mm.For slim as being used for clothes, glove for golf game, automobile-used superfine fiber artificial leather base fabric (thickness is at 0.3mm-0.8mm), usually adopt split technique, being two with splitter with leather base fabric a slice namely, is the superfine fiber artificial leather base fabric of 0.5mm and 1.5mm thickness such as the superfine fiber artificial leather base fabric sheet with 2.0mm thickness.Superfine fiber artificial leather base fabric through split, its scytoblastema is inner to be damaged by colluding with of forming of acupuncture originally, therefore, the slim superfine fiber artificial leather base fabric that goes out by the split explained hereafter, relatively on the low side aspect the physical property such as TENSILE STRENGTH, tearing strength, being difficult to produce the thickness that physical property meets the demands is the series of products such as high-grade slim clothing leather of 0.30-0.50mm.
Tangerine lobe type composite fibre is a kind of sliver type composite fibre that is made of the different polymer P ET of two kinds of performances and PA6, and its cross section is comprised of the sliver of similar " orange " shape.Certain compatibility is arranged guaranteeing normally carrying out of spinning and rear process between the different polymer of two kinds of performances, but on performance difference to some extent again, can in fabric treatment procedure, the method by chemistry or physics composite fibre be split into superfine fibre.Adopt the fibre section of this form, after peeling off, can obtain " tangerine lobe shape " superfine fibre, this tangerine lobe type composite fibre is divided into the kinds such as 6+6 or 8+8 usually, namely forms tangerine lobe type by 6 lobes (or 8 lobes) PET and 6 lobes (or 8 lobes) PA6 space.The weight ratio of two kinds of components can be 15/85～85/15, finally can obtain the superfine fibre that line density is 0.10～0.50dtex.Owing to mutually link between each lobe of tangerine lobe type composite fibre, sometimes peel off badly, cause easily the problems such as Superfine Fibre Fabric dyeing is bad.Bad method is peeled off in improvement, is to make rice font composite fibre.The cross section of rice font composite fibre consists of " rice " font skeleton by a kind of polymer and another kind of polymer forms for the wedge shape between " rice " font skeleton.If the ratio of " rice " font skeleton is lower than 15%, skeleton is meticulous and inhomogeneous, also can increase the difficulty of peeling off; If the ratio of " rice " font skeleton is greater than 50%, it is very thick that skeleton becomes, and can form a thicker fiber after peeling off, and affects the flexibility of Superfine Fibre Fabric." rice " font composite fibre " N+1 " type that is otherwise known as namely adds that by N lobe shape " rice " font consists of.When N greater than 12 the time,
Can obtain thinner fiber, but have skeleton meticulous and inhomogeneous, peel off hard problem.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is intended to propose a kind of preparation method of slim composite superfine fiber artificial leather base fabric, and the slim composite superfine fiber artificial leather base fabric of gained has higher physical property.
The preparation method of this slim composite superfine fiber artificial leather base fabric may further comprise the steps:
(1) composite needle nonwoven fabric is flooded in the DMF of polyurethane solution;
(2) (1) step gained semi-products are soaked in the aqueous solution of solidification liquid DMF, solidify and the processing of foaming, polyurethane is made the elastomer that contains the microvesicle hole;
(3) washing;
(4) dissolve LDPE part in the composite needle nonwoven fabric with toluene;
(5) dry, setting;
(6) split obtains two-layer superfine fiber artificial leather base fabric;
Wherein the composite needle nonwoven fabric described in (1) step is that to weave screen cloth superimposed with indefinite island tangerine lobe type bicomponent filament yarn after the combing lapping with indefinite island fabric of island-in-sea type staple fibre, weave screen cloth on the top layer, make indefinite island fabric of island-in-sea type staple fibre by acupuncture again and to weave screen cloth compound, form the surface and be covered with the composite needle nonwoven fabric of weaving screen cloth; In the two-layer superfine fiber artificial leather base fabric of (6) step split gained, one deck is to contain the slim composite superfine fiber artificial leather base fabric that indefinite island tangerine lobe type bicomponent filament yarn is weaved screen cloth, and another layer is conventional superfine fiber artificial leather base fabric.
The slim superfine fiber artificial leather base fabric that makes with the preparation method of this slim composite superfine fiber artificial leather base fabric, owing to contain the screen cloth of weaving that indefinite island tangerine lobe type bicomponent filament yarn makes, the fiber of " tangerine lobe shape " is continuous in the screen cloth long filament, effectively increased the intensity of cloth cover, have higher physical property, have good TENSILE STRENGTH and tearing strength.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the cross-section photograph of indefinite island tangerine lobe type bicomponent filament yarn;
Fig. 2 is the cross-section photograph after indefinite island tangerine lobe type bicomponent filament yarn dissolves LDPE marine facies composition;
Fig. 3 is preparation technology's flow chart of slim composite superfine fiber artificial leather base fabric;
Fig. 4 is the production technological process of the compound UDY long filament of indefinite island tangerine lobe type;
Fig. 5 is the production technological process that the compound UDY silk of indefinite island tangerine lobe type is processed into the DT long filament.
The specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 3, the preparation method of this slim composite superfine fiber artificial leather base fabric may further comprise the steps:
(1) to weave screen cloth superimposed with indefinite island tangerine lobe type bicomponent filament yarn after the combing lapping with indefinite island fabric of island-in-sea type staple fibre, weave screen cloth on the top layer, make indefinite island fabric of island-in-sea type staple fibre and weave screen cloth more compound by acupuncture, form the surface and be covered with the composite needle nonwoven fabric of weaving screen cloth, composite needle nonwoven fabric is flooded in the DMF of polyurethane solution;
(2) (1) step gained semi-products are soaked in the aqueous solution of solidification liquid DMF, solidify and the processing of foaming, polyurethane is made the elastomer that contains the microvesicle hole;
(3) washing;
(4) dissolve the LDPE part of indefinite island fabric of island-in-sea type staple fibre and indefinite island tangerine lobe type bicomponent filament yarn in the composite needle nonwoven fabric with toluene;
(5) dry, setting;
(6) split obtains two-layer superfine fiber artificial leather base fabric, and wherein one deck is to contain the slim composite superfine fiber artificial leather base fabric that indefinite island tangerine lobe type bicomponent filament yarn is weaved screen cloth, and another layer is conventional superfine fiber artificial leather base fabric.
The manufacture method of the indefinite island tangerine lobe type bicomponent filament yarn described in (1) step as shown in Figure 4 among the preparation method of this slim composite superfine fiber artificial leather base fabric, use twin-screw composite spinning equipment, adopt tangerine lobe type composite spinning method, make PA6+LDPE blend phase and PET respectively through separately screw rod melting, merge in the spinneret orifice porch through tangerine lobe type Compound spinning filament plate, be scattered in the N+1 shape, together extrude tow, make semi-finished product UDY silk (undrafting wire) through cooling off, oil, reeling; As shown in Figure 5, the UDY silk again drawn make finished product DT(drafted fibre) or drawn distortion make DTY(and add elater) indefinite island tangerine lobe type bicomponent filament yarn.
Among the preparation method of this slim composite superfine fiber artificial leather base fabric, in the manufacture method of described indefinite island tangerine lobe type bicomponent filament yarn, available PA6+LDPE blend is melted body and is formed 1 " rice " font, in " rice " font part, the mixed proportion of indefinite island component PA6 and marine facies LDPE is between 40: 60 to 60: 40; N tangerine lobe shape component is PA6 or PET.
Among the preparation method of this slim composite superfine fiber artificial leather base fabric, when the tangerine lobe in the tangerine lobe type bicomponent filament yarn manufacture method of described indefinite island is PA6 mutually, the melt temperature of tangerine lobe component is controlled at 270～280 ℃ during spinning, and the melt temperature of " rice " word phase is controlled at 265 ℃～285 ℃.
Among the preparation method of this slim composite superfine fiber artificial leather base fabric, when the tangerine lobe in the tangerine lobe type bicomponent filament yarn manufacture method of described indefinite island was PET mutually, the melt temperature of tangerine lobe component was controlled at 280～290 ℃ during spinning.
The preparation method of this slim composite superfine fiber artificial leather base fabric has following advantage:
(1) component of PA6+LDPE blend as " rice " font skeleton is applied in the production of tangerine lobe type bicomponent filament yarn, the fiber number that can improve the superfine fibre in the tangerine lobe type bicomponent filament yarn distributes, the thinnest 0.001dtex that reaches, the single fiber cross section of making as shown in Figure 1.Dissolve LDPE in the PA6+LDPE blend mutually with organic solvent, " rice " font skeleton can effectively be opened fibre, stays indefinite island fento component PA6 and another " tangerine lobe shape " component PET in mutually, and its cross section efficiently solves out fine problem as shown in Figure 2; After extracting PE out, the indefinite island PA6 fibre single thread fiber number that stays is 0.001～0.30dtex; Filament number after N tangerine lobe shape separated is 0.025～0.50dtex.
(2) because the slim superfine fiber artificial leather base fabric that sheet gets contains the screen cloth that indefinite island tangerine lobe type bicomponent filament yarn is made into, the PET of " tangerine lobe shape " is continuous in the screen cloth long filament, effectively increased the intensity of cloth cover, thereby make the slim superfine fiber artificial leather base fabric of 0.30mm-0.50mm thickness have higher physical property, have good TENSILE STRENGTH and tearing strength.
(3) when the mass ratio of the blend phase of LDPE and PA and PET is 30: 70, the ratio of the island component in the indefinite island tangerine lobe type bicomponent filament yarn of screen cloth can significantly improve, up to about 85%, make the corresponding minimizing of the PE that need to extract, reduce production cost, improved the physical property of made superfine fiber artificial leather base fabric.
(4) when the ratio of the island component in the indefinite island tangerine lobe type bicomponent filament yarn in the screen cloth during up to 85% left and right sides, the surface density of slim superfine fiber artificial leather base fabric significantly increases, PA6 island phase Fiber Phase is seemingly in PA6 island phase fiber and the indefinite island of the PA6/LDPE staple fibre in screen cloth long filament " rice " the font skeleton, be integrated, thereby the sense of touch of exquisiteness of slim superfine fiber artificial leather base fabric and closely knit outward appearance have been formed, can effectively cover the woven design vestige of woven mesh, when making suede products, the velvet of cloth cover can finer and smoother homogeneous.
Among the preparation method of this slim composite superfine fiber artificial leather base fabric, wherein in the indefinite island tangerine lobe type bicomponent filament yarn manufacturing, it is the low density polyethylene of 40～60MFI and the blend of the polyamide fibre PA6 that relative viscosity is 2.6～3.2 η that " rice " font can be used melt index, and it is that the polyamide fibre PA6 of 2.6～3.0 η or viscosity are the PET of 0.640dl/g that tangerine lobe type uses relative viscosity.
Embodiment 1
The preparation of clothing leather foundation cloth
The spinning technique of the indefinite island of 1:PA6/ (PA6+LDPE) tangerine lobe type bicomponent filament yarn
(a) spinning material:
Tangerine lobe shape component: PA6 section, trade mark M32800, relative viscosity is 2.8 η;
The blend of LDPE+PA6: melt index is that LDPE and the viscosity of 50MFI is the blend of the PA6 of 2.8 η, wherein:
LDPE, trade mark MB9500, melt index is 50.
Slices of caprone, trade mark M32800, relative viscosity is 2.8 η;
(b) raw material proportioning: weight ratio: PA6/ (LDPE+PA6)=50/ (25+25)
(c) spinnerets specification: hole count * tangerine lobe number * aperture is 48 * (8+1) * 0.30mm;
(d) screw extruder: specification
(e) measuring pump specification: 0.6cc/rev;
(f) cooling air temperature: 16 ℃, wind speed: 0.6m/s;
(g) upper oil-pan rotating speed: 26rpm/min, oil concentration is: 3.0%;
(h) spinning (coiling) speed: 450m/min;
(i) spinning technique transitivity:
Table 1.1528dtex/48 * (8+1) the indefinite island of F UDY tangerine lobe type bicomponent filament yarn spinning technique table
Table 1.2528dtex/48 * (8+1) the indefinite island of F UDY tangerine lobe type bicomponent filament yarn physical property measurement data
| Specification | Fracture strength cn/dtex | Elongation at break % | Oil content % |
| 528dtex/48×（8+1）F | 1.21 | 354.6 | 1.12 |
(j) drawing process transitivity:
Drawing process is set: the stickiness ratio is 3.3, and temperature of heat plate is 75 ℃, and heater temperature is 90 ℃, draw speed 200m/min.
Superfine fibre number in DT silk physical property measurement data and the monofilament cross section after table 1.3 stretches
2: the preparation of composite superfine fiber artificial leather base fabric
The 50g/m that is made into the indefinite island of PA6/ (PA6+LDPE) tangerine lobe type bicomponent filament yarn
2Weave screen cloth, be overlying on through the top layer of the indefinite island of combing lapping fabric of island-in-sea type staple fibre web, then compound by acupuncture, form the surface and be covered with the total substance 650g/m that weaves screen cloth
2Compound nonwoven cloth, adopt polyurethane impregnated to process, the LDPE through dissolve PA6 and LDPE blend mutually with organic solvent in makes the superfine fiber artificial leather base fabric of 1.5mm thickness; Through the splitter split, sheet gets the up and down two layer superfine fibre artificial leather base cloths that 0.35mm contains indefinite island tangerine lobe type bicomponent filament yarn woven webs layer of cloth and the common not island fiber with figured sea-island of 1.15mm web with this base cloth.
Because contain the screen cloth of weaving that indefinite island tangerine lobe type bicomponent filament yarn makes in the 0.35mm superfine fiber artificial leather base fabric, the PA6 of " tangerine lobe shape " has effectively increased the intensity of cloth cover in the screen cloth long filament, makes base cloth have higher physical property; The superfine fibre that extraction PE opens behind the fibre has 75% ratio, so the slim superfine fiber artificial leather base fabric density of gained increases its intensity of more effective enhancing; The superfine fibre of indefinite island part has wherein then strengthened the sense of touch of product exquisiteness and closely knit elastic sensation.Through napping processing, it is higher to can be made into density, has the high-grade artificial suede of high-grade chamois leather sense and " writing effect ", or carries out veneer processing and make artificial leather clothing leather etc.
The super fine base cloth of its physical property of 0.35mm composite superfine fiber artificial leather base fabric of making and common indefinite island PA6 contrasts such as following table:
After table 1.4(split is processed) the clothing leather foundation cloth physical property of 0.35mm specification is relatively
This 0.35mm superfine fiber artificial leather base fabric that contains indefinite island tangerine lobe type bicomponent filament yarn screen cloth, because brute force is significantly improved with tearing, the suede of making or the emulational leather through making face can directly be used as the clothes main surface material, and the common super fine base cloth of 0.35mm specification is lower because of physical property, can only be used as garment accessories.
Embodiment 2
The preparation of automobile-used leather base cloth
The spinning technique of the indefinite island of 1:PET/ (PA6+LDPE) tangerine lobe type bicomponent filament yarn
(a) spinning material:
Tangerine lobe shape component: PET section, viscosity is 0.64dlg
-1
The blend of LDPE+PA6: melt index is that LDPE and the viscosity of 50MFI is the blend of the PA6 of 2.8 η, wherein:
LDPE, trade mark MB9500, melt index is 50, LG Corp of South Korea production.
Slices of caprone, trade mark M32800, relative viscosity is 2.8 η;
(b) raw material proportioning: weight ratio: PET/ (LDPE+PA6)=60/ (20+20);
(c) spinnerets specification: hole count * tangerine lobe number * aperture is 48 * (8+1) * 0.30mm;
(d) screw extruder: specification
(e) measuring pump specification: 0.6cc/rev;
(f) cooling air temperature: 18 ℃, wind speed: 0.6m/s;
(g) upper oil-pan rotating speed: 26rpm/min, oil concentration is: 3.0%;
(h) spinning (coiling) speed: 450m/min;
(i) spinning technique transitivity:
Table 2.1528dtex/48 * (8+1) F UDY tangerine lobe type bicomponent filament yarn spinning technique table
Table 2.2528dtex/48 * (8+1) F UDY tangerine lobe type bicomponent filament yarn physical property measurement data
| Specification | Fracture strength cn/dtex | Elongation at break % | Oil content % |
| 165dtex/48×（8+1）F | 1.27 | 321.6 | 1.13 |
(j) drawing process transitivity:
Drawing process is set: the stickiness ratio is 3.2, and temperature of heat plate is 75 ℃, and heater temperature is 90 ℃, draw speed 200m/min.
Superfine fibre number in DT silk physical property measurement data and the monofilament cross section after table 2.3 stretches
2: the preparation of composite superfine fiber artificial leather base fabric
The 60g/m that is made into this indefinite island tangerine lobe type bicomponent filament yarn
2Woven mesh is overlying on through the top layer of the indefinite island of combing lapping fabric of island-in-sea type staple fibre web, and is then compound by acupuncture, forms total substance 850g/m that the surface is covered with woven mesh
2Compound nonwoven cloth, adopt polyurethane impregnated to process, the LDPE through dissolve PA6 and LDPE blend mutually with organic solvent in makes the superfine fiber artificial leather base fabric of 2.0mm thickness; Through the splitter split, sheet gets the up and down two layer superfine fibre artificial leather base cloths that 0.80mm contains indefinite island tangerine lobe type bicomponent filament yarn scrim layer and the common indefinite island of 1.20mm islands-in-sea type fibre web with this base cloth.
Because contain the screen cloth that indefinite island tangerine lobe type bicomponent filament yarn is made in the 0.80mm superfine fiber artificial leather base fabric, " tangerine lobe shape " PET of type has effectively increased the intensity of cloth cover in the screen cloth long filament, makes base cloth have higher physical property; Its physical property is compared with the super fine base cloth of common PA6, because PET fiber good rigidly, extension at break is little, so the Heat stability is good of base cloth, be difficult for deformation occurs, and be outstanding automobile-used leather material.The super fine base cloth physical property of its physical property of the composite superfine fiber artificial leather base fabric of making and common indefinite island PA6 contrasts such as following table:
After table 2.4(split is processed) the automobile-used leather base cloth physical property of 0.80mm specification is relatively
This composite superfine fiber artificial leather base fabric that contains screen cloth with compare with the common super fine base cloth of kind, powerful and tear and improved 50% ~ 60%.It is about 40% that the elongation at break of base cloth and 150 ℃ of 5 minutes percent thermal shrinkages have descended, and the heat endurance of automobile-used leather base cloth significantly improves.
Claims (5)
1. the preparation method of a slim composite superfine fiber artificial leather base fabric may further comprise the steps:
(1) composite needle nonwoven fabric is flooded in the DMF of polyurethane solution;
(2) (1) step gained semi-products are soaked in the aqueous solution of solidification liquid DMF, solidify and the processing of foaming, polyurethane is made the elastomer that contains the microvesicle hole;
(3) washing;
(4) dissolve LDPE part in the composite needle nonwoven fabric with toluene;
(5) dry, setting;
(6) split obtains two-layer superfine fiber artificial leather base fabric;
It is characterized in that the composite needle nonwoven fabric described in (1) step is that to weave screen cloth superimposed with indefinite island tangerine lobe type bicomponent filament yarn after the combing lapping with indefinite island fabric of island-in-sea type staple fibre, weave screen cloth on the top layer, make indefinite island fabric of island-in-sea type staple fibre by acupuncture again and to weave screen cloth compound, form the surface and be covered with the composite needle nonwoven fabric of weaving screen cloth; In the two-layer superfine fiber artificial leather base fabric of (6) step split gained, one deck is to contain the slim composite superfine fiber artificial leather base fabric that indefinite island tangerine lobe type bicomponent filament yarn is weaved screen cloth, and another layer is conventional superfine fiber artificial leather base fabric.
2. the preparation method of slim composite superfine fiber artificial leather base fabric as claimed in claim 1, the manufacture method that it is characterized in that the indefinite island tangerine lobe type bicomponent filament yarn described in (1) step is, use twin-screw composite spinning equipment, adopt tangerine lobe type composite spinning method, make PA6+LDPE blend phase and PA6 or PET respectively through the screw rod melting, merge in the spinneret orifice porch through tangerine lobe type Compound spinning filament plate and be scattered in the N+1 shape, together extrude tow, through cooling, oil, coiling is made semi-finished product UDY silk, and drawn is made the distortion of finished product DT or drawn and made the indefinite island of DTY tangerine lobe type bicomponent filament yarn again.
3. the preparation method of slim composite superfine fiber artificial leather base fabric as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that in the manufacture method of described indefinite island tangerine lobe type bicomponent filament yarn, the PA6+LDPE blend is melted body and is formed 1 " rice " font, in " rice " font part, the mixed proportion of indefinite island component PA6 and marine facies LDPE is between 40: 60 to 60: 40; N tangerine lobe shape is PA6 or PET.
4. the preparation method of slim composite superfine fiber artificial leather base fabric as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that in the manufacture method of described indefinite island tangerine lobe type bicomponent filament yarn, the tangerine lobe is PA6 mutually, the melt temperature of tangerine lobe component is controlled at 270～280 ℃ during spinning, and the melt temperature of " rice " word phase is controlled at 265 ℃～285 ℃.
5. the preparation method of slim composite superfine fiber artificial leather base fabric as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that in the manufacture method of described indefinite island tangerine lobe type bicomponent filament yarn, the tangerine lobe is PET mutually, the melt temperature of tangerine lobe component is controlled at 280～290 ℃ during spinning, and the melt temperature of " rice " word phase is controlled at 265 ℃～285 ℃.
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| CN103074780B (en) | 2014-11-05 |
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